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dynamic_analysis.py
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dynamic_analysis.py
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#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
This script enables users to automate firmware analysis tasks
such as the extraction or emulation process of firmware images
based on the Firmadyne system.
# https://github.com/firmadyne/firmadyne
"""
from __future__ import print_function
import sys, os, pexpect, argparse, re, signal, psutil, time
__author__ = "secjey"
__copyright__ = "Copyright 2017"
__credits__ = [""]
__license__ = "GPLv3"
__version__ = "1.0.1"
__maintainer__ = "secjey"
__status__ = "Development"
# CONFIGURATIONS - change this according to your system
FIRMADYNE_PATH = '/root/Desktop/firmware_analysis/tools/firmadyne'
OUTPUT_DIR = '{}/images'.format(FIRMADYNE_PATH)
DATABASE_NAME = 'firmware'
USER = 'firmadyne'
PASSWORD = 'firmadyne'
HOST = 'localhost'
sys.path.append(os.path.abspath(FIRMADYNE_PATH + "/scripts"))
sys.path.append(os.path.abspath(FIRMADYNE_PATH + "/sources/extractor"))
import extractor
import psycopg2
# COMMANDS
EXTRACTOR_COMMAND = '{0}/sources/extractor/extractor.py -b {1} -sql 127.0.0.1 -np -nk \"{2}\" {3}'
GETARCH_COMMAND = '{0}/scripts/getArch.sh {1}/{2}.tar.gz'
TAR2DB_COMMAND = '{0}/scripts/tar2db.py -i {1} -f {2}/{1}.tar.gz'
MAKEIMAGE_COMMAND = 'sudo {}/scripts/makeImage.sh {}'
INFERNETWORK_COMMAND = '{}/scripts/inferNetwork.sh {}'
EMULATE_COMMAND = '{}/scratch/{}/run.sh'
PURGE_COMMAND = '{}/scripts/delete.sh {}'
class bcolors:
"""Defines some ANSI color codes."""
HEADER = '\033[95m'
OKBLUE = '\033[94m'
OKGREEN = '\033[92m'
WARNING = '\033[93m'
FAIL = '\033[91m'
ENDC = '\033[0m'
BOLD = '\033[1m'
ITALIC = '\033[3m'
UNDERLINE = '\033[4m'
def signal_handler(sig, frame):
"""Handles signals sent by the user.
In the case the SIGINT signal is received, child processes will be stopped.
"""
if sig == signal.SIGINT:
print(bcolors.OKBLUE + "\n[-] The program is stopping..." + bcolors.ENDC)
procs = psutil.Process().children(recursive=True)
try:
for p in procs:
p.terminate()
gone, still_alive = psutil.wait_procs(psutil.Process().children(recursive=True), timeout=3)
for p in still_alive:
p.kill()
except:
pass
sys.exit(0)
def welcome():
"""Prints the welcome message at the start of the script."""
print(bcolors.HEADER + """
Welcome to the FIRMWARE AUTOMATION TOOL - v1.0.1
This tool automates firmware analysis tasks
such as the extraction or emulation process of firmware images
based on the Firmadyne system.
By secjey - https://github.com/secjey
""" + bcolors.ENDC)
def parse_args():
"""Parses the arguments passed in the command line."""
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='DESCRIPTION')
parser.add_argument('firmware', help="Path to the firmware image")
parser.add_argument('--purge', type=int, metavar="FIRMWARE_ID", help="Delete the whole project related to the provided id")
parser.add_argument('-b','--brand', dest='brand', help="Brand of the firmware image", default=None)
parser.add_argument('-a','--arch', dest='arch', help="Architecture of the firmware image")
# either skip or extract, both are not possible
group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
group.add_argument('--skip', type=int, dest='firmware_id', help="Skip the extraction process for the specified firmware id")
group.add_argument('--extract-only', action="store_true", default=False, help="Perform the extraction only")
return parser.parse_args()
def delete(id_del):
"""Deletes information related to a specific project.
id_del: ID of the project that will be deleted.
"""
print(bcolors.OKBLUE + "[-] Deleting the project..." + bcolors.ENDC)
command = PURGE_COMMAND.format(FIRMADYNE_PATH, id_del)
print(bcolors.ITALIC + command + bcolors.ENDC)
delete = pexpect.spawn(command)
# waiting for the command prompt
# and then providing the password to connect to the db
delete.expect('Password for user {}:'.format(USER))
delete.sendline(PASSWORD)
index = delete.expect('Done')
print(bcolors.OKGREEN + "[+] Project successfully deleted!" + bcolors.ENDC)
def extract(firmware, brand, output_dir=OUTPUT_DIR, no_rootfs_extract=True, kernel_extract=False, parallel_op=False, sql_host=HOST):
"""Extracts the firmware image thanks to the Extractor class of the Firmadyne system."""
print(bcolors.OKBLUE + "[-] Extracting the firmware... Please be patient, it might take a while..." + bcolors.ENDC)
command = EXTRACTOR_COMMAND.format(FIRMADYNE_PATH, brand, firmware, output_dir)
print(bcolors.ITALIC + command + bcolors.ENDC)
# Extractor(result.input, result.output, result.rootfs, result.kernel, result.parallel, result.sql, result.brand)
# No extraction of the rootfs itself, no kernel extraction, no parallel operation
# extract = extractor.Extractor(firmware, output_dir, no_rootfs_extract, kernel_extract, parallel_op, sql_host, brand)
# extract.extract()
extract = pexpect.spawn(command)
index = extract.expect(['Connection refused', 'Database Image ID: .*\n'])
if index == 0:
print(bcolors.FAIL + "[!] Please ensure the postgresql service is running..." + bcolors.ENDC)
sys.exit(0)
elif index == 1:
print(bcolors.OKGREEN + "[+] Your firmware image has been attributed the ID:" + extract.after.split('\n')[0].split(':')[1] + bcolors.ENDC)
print(bcolors.OKBLUE + "[-] Still extracting the firmware..." + bcolors.ENDC)
extract.interact()
extract.expect(pexpect.EOF)
database = psycopg2.connect(database=DATABASE_NAME,
user=USER,
password=PASSWORD,
host=HOST)
# querying the db to get the id that has been attributed to the firmware image
# and to check whether the filesystem has been extracted (rootfs_extracted)
with database.cursor() as cur:
cur.execute("SELECT id, rootfs_extracted FROM image where filename = '{}'".format(os.path.basename(firmware)))
firmware_id, status = cur.fetchone()
cur.close()
# this is required to not raise an error afterwards
# as the current working directory is in /tmp and has been deleted
# at the end of the extraction process
os.chdir(FIRMADYNE_PATH)
return (firmware_id, status)
def get_architecture(firmware_id):
"""Gets the architecture of the given firmware image."""
print(bcolors.OKBLUE + "[-] Getting the firmware architecture..." + bcolors.ENDC)
command = GETARCH_COMMAND.format(FIRMADYNE_PATH, OUTPUT_DIR, firmware_id)
print(bcolors.ITALIC + command + bcolors.ENDC)
output = pexpect.run(command, events={'Password for user {}:'.format(USER):PASSWORD + '\n'})
# extract the architecture info from the output
arch = ""
try:
arch = output.split('\n')[0].split(':')[1]
except:
print(bcolors.FAIL + "[!] The firmware architecture couldn't be determined..." + bcolors.ENDC)
print(bcolors.ITALIC + "[!] Please try manually with the file command and provide the correct architecture type with the --arch parameter..." + bcolors.ENDC)
else:
print(bcolors.OKGREEN + "[+] The architecture of your firmware image is:" + arch + bcolors.ENDC)
return arch
def tar2db(firmware_id):
"""Populates the db with information related to the filesystem."""
print(bcolors.OKBLUE + "[-] Writing filesystem information into database..." + bcolors.ENDC)
command = TAR2DB_COMMAND.format(FIRMADYNE_PATH, firmware_id, OUTPUT_DIR)
print(bcolors.ITALIC + command + bcolors.ENDC)
tar2db = pexpect.spawn(command)
# either an error is raised because keys already exist
# which means the info has already been written in the db
# or the command terminates properly
index = tar2db.expect(['Key.*already exists', 'No such file or directory: .*\n', pexpect.EOF])
if index == 0:
print(bcolors.WARNING + "[!] This step was already performed earlier..." + bcolors.ENDC)
return True
elif index == 1:
missing_file = tar2db.after.split('\n')[0].split(':')[1].strip()
print(bcolors.FAIL + "[!] The file {} does not exist...".format(missing_file) + bcolors.ENDC)
return False
else:
print(bcolors.OKGREEN + "[+] Filesystem information successfully written!" + bcolors.ENDC)
return True
def make_image(firmware_id, arch):
"""Creates the QEMU disk image for the firmware."""
print(bcolors.OKBLUE + "[-] Creating the QEMU disk image for the firmware..." + bcolors.ENDC)
command = MAKEIMAGE_COMMAND.format(FIRMADYNE_PATH, firmware_id) + " " + arch
print(bcolors.ITALIC + command + bcolors.ENDC)
make_image = pexpect.spawn(command)
# if proceed anyway appears, it means the filesystem was already mounted
index = make_image.expect(['Proceed anyway?', pexpect.EOF])
if index == 0:
info = re.search('last mounted on (.*)', make_image.before).group(1)
print(bcolors.WARNING + "[!] /dev/mapper/loop0p1 already contains a filesystem which was mounted on " + info + bcolors.ENDC)
make_image.sendline('y') # in case /dev/mapper/loop0p1 already contains a file system, say 'yes' to proceed anyway
print(bcolors.OKGREEN + "[+] QEMU disk image successfully created!" + bcolors.ENDC)
def network_setup(firmware_id, arch):
"""Determines the network configuration of the firmware by emulating it for a certain amount of time."""
runtime = 60
print(bcolors.OKBLUE + "[-] Determining the network configuration of the firmware..." + bcolors.ENDC)
print(bcolors.OKBLUE + "[-] The firmware will now be running for {} seconds...".format(runtime) + bcolors.ENDC)
command = INFERNETWORK_COMMAND.format(FIRMADYNE_PATH, firmware_id) + " " + arch
print(bcolors.ITALIC + command + bcolors.ENDC)
setup = pexpect.spawn(command, timeout=runtime + 5)
# info should be provided as regards the interfaces available to access the emulated firmware
setup.expect('Interfaces: \[(.*)\]\n')
if setup.match.group(1) == "":
print(bcolors.WARNING + "[!] No network interface could be determined..." + bcolors.ENDC)
return False
else:
print(bcolors.OKGREEN + "[+] Your firmware will be accessible at {}!".format(setup.match.group(1)) + bcolors.ENDC)
return True
def emulate(firmware_id):
"""Emulates the firmware with the inferred network configuration."""
print(bcolors.OKBLUE + "[-] Emulating the firmware with the inferred network configuration..." + bcolors.ENDC)
print(bcolors.OKBLUE + "[-] Use CTRL-A + X to exit QEMU..." + bcolors.ENDC)
command = EMULATE_COMMAND.format(FIRMADYNE_PATH, firmware_id)
print(bcolors.ITALIC + command + bcolors.ENDC)
emulation = pexpect.spawn(command)
# wait so that the user has enough time to read the info at the start
time.sleep(5)
# let the user take control of the QEMU emulation
emulation.interact()
def main():
welcome()
result = parse_args()
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal_handler) # catch ctrl+c
if result.purge:
delete(result.purge)
return
firmware_id = result.firmware_id
if not result.firmware_id:
firmware_id, extracted = extract(result.firmware, result.brand)
if not extracted:
print(bcolors.FAIL + "[!] The firmware extraction failed..." + bcolors.ENDC)
print(bcolors.ITALIC + "[!] Please try manually with the Firmware Modification Kit and compress the filesystem into a .tar.gz archive placed in the {} directory.".format(OUTPUT_DIR) + bcolors.ENDC)
print(bcolors.ITALIC + "[!] You can then skip the extraction process with the --skip parameter and your firmware id '{}'.".format(firmware_id) + bcolors.ENDC)
return
print(bcolors.OKGREEN + "[+] Firmware successfully extracted!" + bcolors.ENDC)
if not result.extract_only:
arch = result.arch if result.arch else get_architecture(firmware_id)
if arch != "":
if tar2db(firmware_id) != False:
make_image(firmware_id, arch)
if network_setup(firmware_id, arch) == False:
print(bcolors.WARNING + "[!] The firmware will still be emulated but you will have to manually configure QEMU\nin the QEMU monitor console to access your emulated firmware from your host..." + bcolors.ENDC)
emulate(firmware_id)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()