diff --git a/lib/i18n/backend/base.rb b/lib/i18n/backend/base.rb
index 77e832c0..4cbcc3c0 100644
--- a/lib/i18n/backend/base.rb
+++ b/lib/i18n/backend/base.rb
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ def translate(locale, key, options = EMPTY_HASH)
         if entry.nil? && options.key?(:default)
           entry = default(locale, key, options[:default], options)
         else
-          entry = resolve(locale, key, entry, options)
+          entry = resolve_entry(locale, key, entry, options)
         end
 
         count = options[:count]
@@ -154,6 +154,7 @@ def resolve(locale, object, subject, options = EMPTY_HASH)
           end
           result unless result.is_a?(MissingTranslation)
         end
+        alias_method :resolve_entry, :resolve
 
         # Picks a translation from a pluralized mnemonic subkey according to English
         # pluralization rules :
diff --git a/lib/i18n/backend/fallbacks.rb b/lib/i18n/backend/fallbacks.rb
index acab6dfe..7afbfe3a 100644
--- a/lib/i18n/backend/fallbacks.rb
+++ b/lib/i18n/backend/fallbacks.rb
@@ -64,13 +64,20 @@ def translate(locale, key, options = EMPTY_HASH)
         throw(:exception, I18n::MissingTranslation.new(locale, key, options))
       end
 
-      def resolve(locale, object, subject, options = EMPTY_HASH)
+      def resolve_entry(locale, object, subject, options = EMPTY_HASH)
         return subject if options[:resolve] == false
-        return super unless subject.is_a?(Symbol)
-
         result = catch(:exception) do
-          options.delete(:fallback_in_progress)
-          I18n.translate(subject, **options.merge(locale: options[:fallback_original_locale], throw: true))
+          options.delete(:fallback_in_progress) if options.key?(:fallback_in_progress)
+
+          case subject
+          when Symbol
+            I18n.translate(subject, **options.merge(:locale => options[:fallback_original_locale], :throw => true))
+          when Proc
+            date_or_time = options.delete(:object) || object
+            resolve_entry(options[:fallback_original_locale], object, subject.call(date_or_time, **options))
+          else
+            subject
+          end
         end
         result unless result.is_a?(MissingTranslation)
       end
diff --git a/lib/i18n/backend/simple.rb b/lib/i18n/backend/simple.rb
index 687c1154..0c49de8f 100644
--- a/lib/i18n/backend/simple.rb
+++ b/lib/i18n/backend/simple.rb
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ def lookup(locale, key, scope = [], options = EMPTY_HASH)
               return nil unless result.has_key?(_key)
             end
             result = result[_key]
-            result = resolve(locale, _key, result, options.merge(:scope => nil)) if result.is_a?(Symbol)
+            result = resolve_entry(locale, _key, result, options.merge(:scope => nil)) if result.is_a?(Symbol)
             result
           end
         end
diff --git a/test/backend/fallbacks_test.rb b/test/backend/fallbacks_test.rb
index 04f3497a..a215f73a 100644
--- a/test/backend/fallbacks_test.rb
+++ b/test/backend/fallbacks_test.rb
@@ -239,6 +239,28 @@ def setup
   end
 end
 
+# See Issue #617
+class RegressionTestFor617 < I18n::TestCase
+  class Backend < I18n::Backend::Simple
+    include I18n::Backend::Fallbacks
+  end
+
+  def setup
+    super
+    I18n.backend = Backend.new
+    I18n.enforce_available_locales = false
+    I18n.fallbacks = {:en=>[:en], :"en-US"=>[:"en-US", :en]}
+    I18n.locale = :'en-US'
+    store_translations(:"en-US", {})
+    store_translations(:en, :activerecord=>{:models=>{:product=>{:one=>"Product", :other=>"Products"}, :"product/ticket"=>{:one=>"Ticket", :other=>"Tickets"}}})
+  end
+
+  test 'model scope resolution' do
+    defaults = [:product, "Ticket"]
+    options = {:scope=>[:activerecord, :models], :count=>1, :default=> defaults}
+    assert_equal("Ticket", I18n.t(:"product/ticket", **options))
+  end
+end
 
 class I18nBackendFallbacksLocalizeTest < I18n::TestCase
   class Backend < I18n::Backend::Simple