introduction-to-transact-sql.md

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Introduction to Transact-SQL

1. In a normalized database, which two artifacts define relationships between tables?

   • A. column map
   • B. primary key
   • C. table map
   • D. foreign key
   
   
   Show answer

   primary key & foreign key
   
   

2. True or false: When using an alias, you must include the AS keyword.

   • A. True
   • B. False
   
   
   Show answer

   False, the AS keyword is optional
   
   

3. You write a query that returns the Name and Price columns from a table named Product in the Production schema. In the resulting rowset, you want the Name column to be named ProductName.

   Which of the following Transact-SQL statements should you use?

   • A. sql SELECT * FROM Product;
   • B. sql SELECT Name AS ProductName, Price FROM Production.Product;
   • C. sql SELECT ProductName, Price FROM Production.Product;
   • D. sql SELECT Name, Price FROM dbo.Product;
   
   
   Show answer

   SELECT Name AS ProductName, Price FROM Production.Product;
   
   

4. You need to retrieve data from a column that is defined as char(1). If the value in the column is a digit between 0 and 9, the query should return it as an integer value. Otherwise, the query should return NULL.

   Which two functions can you use to accomplish this?

   • A. TRY_CAST
   • B. CAST
   • C. STR
   • D. TRY_CONVERT
   • E. CONVERT
   
   
   Show answer

   TRY_CAST & TRY_CONVERT
   
   

5. What are two statement types in SQL?

   • A. Data Manipulation Language (DML)
   • B. Data Query Language (DQL)
   • C. Data Definition Language (DDL)
   • D. Data Relational Language (DRL)
   
   
   Show answer

   Data Manipulation Language (DML) & Data Definition Language (DDL)
   
   

6. What does the HAVING keyword do?

   • A. It filters groups using a predicate.
   • B. It applies a calculation to a row.
   • C. It applies a grouping to the query.
   • D. It filters rows using a predicate.
   
   
   Show answer

   It filters groups using a predicate.
   
   

7. Which purpose does an alias serve in a select query?

   • A. It provides a hint to the query engine.
   • B. It behaves as a calculated value when performing updates.
   • C. It allows a query to return values from another database.
   • D. It changes the name of a returned column.
   
   
   Show answer

   It changes the name of a returned column.
   
   

8. You write a Transact-SQL query that returns the Cellphone column from the Sales.Customer table. Cellphone is a varchar column that permits NULL values. For rows where the Cellphone value is NULL, your query should return the text 'None'. Select the correct function to complete the following query:

   SELECT FirstName, LastName, __________(Cellphone, 'None') AS Cellphone
   FROM Sales.Customer;

   • A. COALESCE
   • B. NULLIF
   • C. ISNULL
   
   
   Show answer

   ISNULL
   
   

9. What does the * keyword do in a query?

   • A. It groups the results by their numeric value.
   • B. It returns all columns from the source table.
   • C. It joins multiple tables based on their relationship.
   • D. It filters the results to include only rows with values.
   
   
   Show answer

   It returns all columns from the source table.
   
   

10. Which style of language is SQL?

    • A. object-oriented
    • B. procedural
    • C. declarative
    • D. functional
    
    
    Show answer

    Structured Query Language (SQL) is is a set-based, declarative programming language, not an imperative programming language like C or BASIC.
    
    

Source: 'Transact-SQL' published on Microsoft Virtual Academy

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