@@ -11,21 +11,48 @@ The goal of the manylinux project is to provide a convenient way to
1111distribute binary Python extensions as wheels on Linux. This effort
1212has produced `PEP 513 <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0513/ >`_ which
1313is further enhanced by `PEP 571 <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0571/ >`_
14- defining ``manylinux2010_x86_64 `` and ``manylinux2010_i686 `` platform tags.
14+ and now `PEP 599 <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0599/ >`_ defining
15+ ``manylinux2014_* `` platform tags.
1516
1617PEP 513 defined ``manylinux1_x86_64 `` and ``manylinux1_i686 `` platform tags
17- and the wheels were built on Centos5. Centos5 reached End of Life (EOL) on
18+ and the wheels were built on Centos5. Centos5 reached End of Life (EOL) on
1819March 31st, 2017 and thus PEP 571 was proposed.
1920
20- Code and details regarding ``manylinux1 `` can be found here:
21+ PEP 571 defined ``manylinux2010_x86_64 `` and ``manylinux2010_i686 `` platform
22+ tags and the wheels were built on Centos6. Centos6 will reach End of Life (EOL)
23+ on November 30th, 2020.
24+
25+ PEP 599 defines the following platform tags:
26+
27+ - ``manylinux2014_x86_64 ``
28+
29+ - ``manylinux2014_i686 ``
30+
31+ - ``manylinux2014_aarch64 ``
32+
33+ - ``manylinux2014_armv7l ``
34+
35+ - ``manylinux2014_ppc64 ``
36+
37+ - ``manylinux2014_ppc64le ``
38+
39+ - ``manylinux2014_s390x ``
40+
41+ Wheels are built on CentOS 7 which will reach End of Life (EOL)
42+ on June 30th, 2024.
43+
44+ Code and details regarding ``manylinux1 `` can be found here:
2145`manylinux1 <https://github.com/pypa/manylinux/tree/manylinux1 >`_.
2246
47+ Code and details regarding ``manylinux2010 `` can be found here:
48+ `manylinux2010 <https://github.com/pypa/manylinux/tree/manylinux2010 >`_.
49+
2350Wheel packages compliant with those tags can be uploaded to
2451`PyPI <https://pypi.python.org >`_ (for instance with `twine
2552<https://pypi.python.org/pypi/twine> `_) and can be installed with
26- **pip 19.0 and later **.
53+ **pip 19.3 and later **.
2754
28- The manylinux2010 tags allow projects to distribute wheels that are
55+ The manylinux2014 tags allow projects to distribute wheels that are
2956automatically installed (and work!) on the vast majority of desktop
3057and server Linux distributions.
3158
@@ -41,18 +68,28 @@ Docker images
4168Building manylinux-compatible wheels is not trivial; as a general
4269rule, binaries built on one Linux distro will only work on other Linux
4370distros that are the same age or newer. Therefore, if we want to make
44- binaries that run on most Linux distros, we have to use a very old
45- distro -- CentOS 6 .
71+ binaries that run on most Linux distros, we have to use an old enough
72+ distro -- CentOS 7 .
4673
4774
48- Rather than forcing you to install CentOS 6 yourself, install Python,
49- etc., we provide a `Docker <https://docker.com/ >`_ image where we've
75+ Rather than forcing you to install CentOS 7 yourself, install Python,
76+ etc., we provide `Docker <https://docker.com/ >`_ images where we've
5077done the work for you:
5178
52- 64-bit image (x86-64): ``quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_x86_64 ``
79+ x86_64 image: ``quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64 ``
80+
81+ .. image :: https://quay.io/repository/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64/status
82+ :target: https://quay.io/repository/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64
5383
54- .. image :: https://quay.io/repository/pypa/manylinux2010_x86_64/status
55- :target: https://quay.io/repository/pypa/manylinux2010_x86_64
84+ i686 image: ``quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686 ``
85+
86+ .. image :: https://quay.io/repository/pypa/manylinux2014_i686/status
87+ :target: https://quay.io/repository/pypa/manylinux2014_i686
88+
89+ aarch64 image: ``quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64 ``
90+
91+ .. image :: https://quay.io/repository/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64/status
92+ :target: https://quay.io/repository/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64
5693
5794
5895These images are rebuilt using Travis-CI on every commit to this
@@ -62,52 +99,40 @@ directory for source code.
6299
63100The images currently contain:
64101
65- - CPython 2.7, 3.4 , 3.5 , 3.6 and 3.7 , installed in
102+ - CPython 3.5 , 3.6 , 3.7 and 3.8 , installed in
66103 ``/opt/python/<python tag>-<abi tag> ``. The directories are named
67104 after the PEP 425 tags for each environment --
68- e.g. ``/opt/python/cp27-cp27mu `` contains a wide-unicode CPython 2.7
69- build, and can be used to produce wheels named like
70- ``<pkg>-<version>-cp27-cp27mu -<arch>.whl ``.
105+ e.g. ``/opt/python/cp35-cp35m `` contains a CPython 3.5 build, and
106+ can be used to produce wheels named like
107+ ``<pkg>-<version>-cp35-cp35m -<arch>.whl ``.
71108
72- - Devel packages for all the libraries that PEP 571 allows you to
109+ - Devel packages for all the libraries that PEP 599 allows you to
73110 assume are present on the host system
74111
75112- The `auditwheel <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/auditwheel >`_ tool
76113
77- Note that prior to CPython 3.3, there were two ABI-incompatible ways
78- of building CPython: ``--enable-unicode=ucs2 `` and
79- ``--enable-unicode=ucs4 ``. We provide both versions
80- (e.g. ``/opt/python/cp27-cp27m `` for narrow-unicode,
81- ``/opt/python/cp27-cp27mu `` for wide-unicode). NB: essentially all
82- Linux distributions configure CPython in ``mu ``
83- (``--enable-unicode=ucs4 ``) mode, but ``--enable-unicode=ucs2 `` builds
84- are also encountered in the wild. Other less common or virtually
85- unheard of flag combinations (such as ``--with-pydebug `` (``d ``) and
86- ``--without-pymalloc `` (absence of ``m ``)) are not provided.
87114
88115Building Docker images
89116----------------------
90117
91- To build the Docker images, you will need to fetch the tarballs to
92- ``docker/sources/ `` prior to building. This can be done with the
93- provided prefetch script, after which you can proceed with building.
94- Please run the following command from the current (root) directory::
118+ To build the Docker images, please run the following command from the
119+ current (root) directory:
95120
96121 $ PLATFORM=$(uname -m) TRAVIS_COMMIT=latest ./build.sh
97122
98123Example
99124-------
100125
101- An example project which builds 64-bit wheels for each Python interpreter
126+ An example project which builds x86_64 wheels for each Python interpreter
102127version can be found here: https://github.com/pypa/python-manylinux-demo. The
103- repository also contains demo to build 32-bit and 64-bit wheels with ``manylinux1 ``
128+ repository also contains demo to build i686 and x86_64 wheels with ``manylinux1 ``
104129tags.
105130
106131This demonstrates how to use these docker images in conjunction with auditwheel
107132to build manylinux-compatible wheels using the free `travis ci <https://travis-ci.org/ >`_
108133continuous integration service.
109134
110- (NB: for the 32-bit images running on a 64-bit host machine, it's necessary to run
135+ (NB: for the i686 images running on a x86_64 host machine, it's necessary to run
111136everything under the command line program `linux32 `, which changes reported architecture
112137in new program environment. See `this example invocation
113138<https://github.com/pypa/python-manylinux-demo/blob/master/.travis.yml#L14> `_)
@@ -124,9 +149,12 @@ where the PEP was originally written, so if for some reason you really
124149want to see the full history of edits it went through, then this is
125150the place to look.
126151
127- The proposal to upgrade ``manylinux1 `` to ``manylinux2010 `` after Centos5
152+ The proposal to upgrade ``manylinux1 `` to ``manylinux2010 `` after Centos5
128153reached EOL was discussed in `PEP 571 <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0571/ >`_.
129154
155+ The proposal to upgrade ``manylinux2010 `` to ``manylinux2014 `` was
156+ discussed in `PEP 599 <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0599/ >`_.
157+
130158This repo also has some analysis code that was used when putting
131159together the original proposal in the ``policy-info/ `` directory.
132160
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