REF: share Index.union (#38671)

* BUG: MultiIndex, IntervalIndex intersection with Categorical

* standardize

* Share intersection

* REF: share Index.union

* move doctest examples

Author: jbrockmendel

pandas/core/indexes/base.py

@@ -2656,12 +2656,59 @@ def union(self, other, sort=None):
         >>> idx2 = pd.Index([1, 2, 3, 4])
         >>> idx1.union(idx2)
         Index(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 1, 2, 3, 4], dtype='object')
+
+        MultiIndex case
+
+        >>> idx1 = pd.MultiIndex.from_arrays(
+        ...     [[1, 1, 2, 2], ["Red", "Blue", "Red", "Blue"]]
+        ... )
+        >>> idx1
+        MultiIndex([(1,  'Red'),
+            (1, 'Blue'),
+            (2,  'Red'),
+            (2, 'Blue')],
+           )
+        >>> idx2 = pd.MultiIndex.from_arrays(
+        ...     [[3, 3, 2, 2], ["Red", "Green", "Red", "Green"]]
+        ... )
+        >>> idx2
+        MultiIndex([(3,   'Red'),
+            (3, 'Green'),
+            (2,   'Red'),
+            (2, 'Green')],
+           )
+        >>> idx1.union(idx2)
+        MultiIndex([(1,  'Blue'),
+            (1,   'Red'),
+            (2,  'Blue'),
+            (2, 'Green'),
+            (2,   'Red'),
+            (3, 'Green'),
+            (3,   'Red')],
+           )
+        >>> idx1.union(idx2, sort=False)
+        MultiIndex([(1,   'Red'),
+            (1,  'Blue'),
+            (2,   'Red'),
+            (2,  'Blue'),
+            (3,   'Red'),
+            (3, 'Green'),
+            (2, 'Green')],
+           )
         """
         self._validate_sort_keyword(sort)
         self._assert_can_do_setop(other)
         other, result_name = self._convert_can_do_setop(other)
 
         if not is_dtype_equal(self.dtype, other.dtype):
+            if isinstance(self, ABCMultiIndex) and not is_object_dtype(
+                unpack_nested_dtype(other)
+            ):
+                raise NotImplementedError(
+                    "Can only union MultiIndex with MultiIndex or Index of tuples, "
+                    "try mi.to_flat_index().union(other) instead."
+                )
+
             dtype = find_common_type([self.dtype, other.dtype])
             if self._is_numeric_dtype and other._is_numeric_dtype:
                 # Right now, we treat union(int, float) a bit special.
@@ -2680,6 +2727,14 @@ def union(self, other, sort=None):
             right = other.astype(dtype, copy=False)
             return left.union(right, sort=sort)
 
+        elif not len(other) or self.equals(other):
+            # NB: whether this (and the `if not len(self)` check below) come before
+            #  or after the is_dtype_equal check above affects the returned dtype
+            return self._get_reconciled_name_object(other)
+
+        elif not len(self):
+            return other._get_reconciled_name_object(self)
+
         result = self._union(other, sort=sort)
 
         return self._wrap_setop_result(other, result)
@@ -2703,12 +2758,6 @@ def _union(self, other, sort):
         -------
         Index
         """
-        if not len(other) or self.equals(other):
-            return self
-
-        if not len(self):
-            return other
-
         # TODO(EA): setops-refactor, clean all this up
         lvals = self._values
         rvals = other._values

pandas/core/indexes/datetimelike.py

@@ -711,6 +711,9 @@ def _can_fast_intersect(self: _T, other: _T) -> bool:
             #  so intersection will preserve freq
             return True
 
+        elif not len(self) or not len(other):
+            return False
+
         elif isinstance(self.freq, Tick):
             # We "line up" if and only if the difference between two of our points
             #  is a multiple of our freq
@@ -794,9 +797,6 @@ def _fast_union(self, other, sort=None):
             return left
 
     def _union(self, other, sort):
-        if not len(other) or self.equals(other) or not len(self):
-            return super()._union(other, sort=sort)
-
         # We are called by `union`, which is responsible for this validation
         assert isinstance(other, type(self))
 

pandas/core/indexes/multi.py

@@ -3502,98 +3502,9 @@ def equal_levels(self, other) -> bool:
     # --------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Set Methods
 
-    def union(self, other, sort=None):
-        """
-        Form the union of two MultiIndex objects
-
-        Parameters
-        ----------
-        other : MultiIndex or array / Index of tuples
-        sort : False or None, default None
-            Whether to sort the resulting Index.
-
-            * None : Sort the result, except when
-
-              1. `self` and `other` are equal.
-              2. `self` has length 0.
-              3. Some values in `self` or `other` cannot be compared.
-                 A RuntimeWarning is issued in this case.
-
-            * False : do not sort the result.
-
-            .. versionadded:: 0.24.0
-
-            .. versionchanged:: 0.24.1
-
-               Changed the default value from ``True`` to ``None``
-               (without change in behaviour).
-
-        Returns
-        -------
-        Index
-
-        Examples
-        --------
-        >>> idx1 = pd.MultiIndex.from_arrays(
-        ...     [[1, 1, 2, 2], ["Red", "Blue", "Red", "Blue"]]
-        ... )
-        >>> idx1
-        MultiIndex([(1,  'Red'),
-            (1, 'Blue'),
-            (2,  'Red'),
-            (2, 'Blue')],
-           )
-        >>> idx2 = pd.MultiIndex.from_arrays(
-        ...     [[3, 3, 2, 2], ["Red", "Green", "Red", "Green"]]
-        ... )
-        >>> idx2
-        MultiIndex([(3,   'Red'),
-            (3, 'Green'),
-            (2,   'Red'),
-            (2, 'Green')],
-           )
-
-        >>> idx1.union(idx2)
-        MultiIndex([(1,  'Blue'),
-            (1,   'Red'),
-            (2,  'Blue'),
-            (2, 'Green'),
-            (2,   'Red'),
-            (3, 'Green'),
-            (3,   'Red')],
-           )
-
-        >>> idx1.union(idx2, sort=False)
-        MultiIndex([(1,   'Red'),
-            (1,  'Blue'),
-            (2,   'Red'),
-            (2,  'Blue'),
-            (3,   'Red'),
-            (3, 'Green'),
-            (2, 'Green')],
-           )
-        """
-        self._validate_sort_keyword(sort)
-        self._assert_can_do_setop(other)
-        other, _ = self._convert_can_do_setop(other)
-
-        if not len(other) or self.equals(other):
-            return self._get_reconciled_name_object(other)
-
-        if not len(self):
-            return other._get_reconciled_name_object(self)
-
-        return self._union(other, sort=sort)
-
     def _union(self, other, sort):
         other, result_names = self._convert_can_do_setop(other)
 
-        if not self._should_compare(other):
-            raise NotImplementedError(
-                "Can only union MultiIndex with MultiIndex or Index of tuples, "
-                "try mi.to_flat_index().union(other) instead."
-            )
-
         # We could get here with CategoricalIndex other
         rvals = other._values.astype(object, copy=False)
         uniq_tuples = lib.fast_unique_multiple([self._values, rvals], sort=sort)

pandas/core/indexes/period.py

@@ -646,17 +646,6 @@ def _difference(self, other, sort):
         return self._setop(other, sort, opname="difference")
 
     def _union(self, other, sort):
-        if not len(other) or self.equals(other) or not len(self):
-            return super()._union(other, sort=sort)
-
-        # We are called by `union`, which is responsible for this validation
-        assert isinstance(other, type(self))
-
-        if not is_dtype_equal(self.dtype, other.dtype):
-            this = self.astype("O")
-            other = other.astype("O")
-            return this._union(other, sort=sort)
-
         return self._setop(other, sort, opname="_union")
 
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------------

pandas/core/indexes/range.py

@@ -576,9 +576,6 @@ def _union(self, other, sort):
         -------
         union : Index
         """
-        if not len(other) or self.equals(other) or not len(self):
-            return super()._union(other, sort=sort)
-
         if isinstance(other, RangeIndex) and sort is None:
             start_s, step_s = self.start, self.step
             end_s = self.start + self.step * (len(self) - 1)