BUG: Series.getitem not falling back to positional for bool index (#48662)

* BUG: Series.getitem not falling back to positional for bool index

* Update pandas/tests/series/indexing/test_getitem.py

Co-authored-by: Matthew Roeschke <[email protected]>

* Fix build warning for use of `strdup` in ultrajson (#48369)

* WEB: Update versions json to fix version switcher in the docs (#48655)

* PERF: join/merge on subset of MultiIndex (#48611)

* DOC: Update documentation for date_range(), bdate_range(), and interval_range() to include timedelta as a possible data type for the freq parameter (#48631)

* Update documentation for date_range(), bdate_range(), and interval_range() to include timedelta as a possible data type for the freq parameter

* Add test case for date_range construction using datetime.timedelta

* TYP: tighten Axis (#48612)

* TYP: tighten Axis

* allow 'rows'

* BUG: Fix metadata propagation in df.corr and df.cov, GH28283 (#48616)

* Add finalize to df.corr and df.cov

* Clean

* TST: add test case for PeriodIndex in HDFStore(GH7796) (#48618)

* TST: add test case for PeriodIndex in HDFStore

* TST: add test case for PeriodIndex in HDFStore

* use pytest.mark.parameterize instead

* Add OpenSSF Scorecards GitHub Action (#48570)

* Create scorecards.yml

* Update scorecards.yml

* Add OpenSSF Scorecards badge to README.md

* Trim whitespace in scorecards.yml

* Skip scorecards.yml on forks

* Fix whitespace

* Pin scorecards.yml dependencies to major versions

* ENH: move an exception and add a prehook to check for exception place… (#48088)

* ENH: move an exception and add a prehook to check for exception placement

* ENH: fix import

* ENH: revert moving error

* ENH: add docstring and fix import for test

* ENH: re-design approach based on feedback

* ENH: update whatsnew rst

* ENH: apply feedback changes

* ENH: refactor to remove exception_warning_list and ignore _version.py

* ENH: remove NotThisMethod from tests and all

* REGR: TextIOWrapper raising an error in read_csv (#48651)

* REGR: TextIOWrapper raising an error in read_csv

* pyupgrade

* do not try to seek on unseekable buffers

* unseekable buffer might also have read ahead

* safer alternative: do not mess with internal/private(?) buffer of TextIOWrapper (effectively applies the shortcut only to files pandas opens)

* Fix scorecard.yml workflow (#48668)

* Set scorecard-action to v2.0.3

scorecard-action does not have a major version tag.

Temporarily disabling github.repository check to ensure action now works.

* Enable github.repository check

* BUG: DatetimeIndex ignoring explicit tz=None (#48659)

* BUG: DatetimeIndex ignoring explicit tz=None

* GH ref

* Corrected pd.merge indicator type hint (#48677)

* Corrected pd.merge indicator type hint

https://pandas.pydata.org/docs/reference/api/pandas.merge.html
It should be "str | bool" instead of just string

* Update merge.py

fixed type hint in merge.py

* Update merge.py

Update indicator type hint in _MergeOperation

* Update merge.py

Added type hint _MergeOperation init

* DOC: Document default value for options.display.max_cols when not running in terminal (#48672)

DOC: Document default value for options.display.max_cols

display.max_cols has a default value of 20 when not running in a terminal
such as Jupyter Notebook

* ENH: DTA/TDA add datetimelike scalar with mismatched reso (#48669)

* ENH: DTA/TDA add datetimelike scalar with mismatched reso

* mypy fixup

* REF: support reso in remaining tslibs helpers (#48661)

* REF: support reso in remaining tslibs helpers

* update setup.py

* PERF: Avoid fragmentation of DataFrame in read_sas (#48603)

* PERF: Avoid fragmentation of DataFrame in read_sas

* Add whatsnew

* Add warning

* DOC: Add deprecation infos to deprecated functions (#48599)

* DOC: Add deprecation infos to deprecated functions

* Add sections

* Fix

* BLD: Build wheels using cibuildwheel (#48283)

* BLD: Build wheels using cibuildwheel

* update from code review

Co-Authored-By: Matthew Roeschke <[email protected]>

* fix 3.11 version

* changes from code review

* Update test_wheels.py

* sync run time with pandas-wheels

Co-authored-by: Matthew Roeschke <[email protected]>

* REGR: Performance decrease in factorize (#48620)

* TYP: type all arguments with str default values (#48508)

* TYP: type all arguments with str default values

* na_rep: back to str

* na(t)_rep is always a string

* add float for some functions

* and the same for the few float default arguments

* define a few more literal constants

* avoid itertools.cycle mypy error

* revert mistake

* TST: Catch more pyarrow PerformanceWarnings (#48699)

* REGR: to_hdf raising AssertionError with boolean index (#48696)

* REGR: to_hdf raising AssertionError with boolean index

* Add gh ref

* REGR: Regression in DataFrame.loc when setting df with all True indexer (#48711)

* BUG: pivot_table raising for nullable dtype and margins (#48714)

* TST: Address MPL 3.6 deprecation warnings (#48695)

* TST: Address MPL 3.6 deprecation warnings

* Address min build

* missing ()

Co-authored-by: Matthew Roeschke <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Ralf Gommers <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Marc Garcia <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Luke Manley <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Siddhartha Gandhi <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Torsten Wörtwein <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Xiao Yuan <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: paradox-lab <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Pedro Nacht <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: dataxerik <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: jbrockmendel <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Pablo <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: tmoschou <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Thomas Li <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Richard Shadrach <[email protected]>

Author: 16 people

doc/source/whatsnew/v1.5.1.rst

@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ Fixed regressions
 
 Bug fixes
 ~~~~~~~~~
+- Bug in :meth:`Series.__getitem__` not falling back to positional for integer keys and boolean :class:`Index` (:issue:`48653`)
 - Bug in :meth:`DataFrame.to_hdf` raising ``AssertionError`` with boolean index (:issue:`48667`)
 - Bug in :meth:`DataFrame.pivot_table` raising unexpected ``FutureWarning`` when setting datetime column as index (:issue:`48683`)
 -

pandas/core/indexes/base.py

@@ -6018,7 +6018,7 @@ def _should_fallback_to_positional(self) -> bool:
         """
         Should an integer key be treated as positional?
         """
-        return not self.holds_integer() and not self.is_boolean()
+        return not self.holds_integer()
 
     def _get_values_for_loc(self, series: Series, loc, key):
         """

pandas/tests/series/indexing/test_getitem.py

@@ -201,6 +201,12 @@ def test_getitem_str_with_timedeltaindex(self):
         with pytest.raises(KeyError, match=msg):
             ser["50 days"]
 
+    def test_getitem_bool_index_positional(self):
+        # GH#48653
+        ser = Series({True: 1, False: 0})
+        result = ser[0]
+        assert result == 1
+
 
 class TestSeriesGetitemSlices:
     def test_getitem_partial_str_slice_with_datetimeindex(self):

pandas/tests/series/indexing/test_indexing.py

@@ -367,6 +367,13 @@ def test_loc_setitem_nested_data_enlargement():
     tm.assert_series_equal(ser, expected)
 
 
+def test_getitem_bool_int_key():
+    # GH#48653
+    ser = Series({True: 1, False: 0})
+    with pytest.raises(KeyError, match="0"):
+        ser.loc[0]
+
+
 class TestDeprecatedIndexers:
     @pytest.mark.parametrize("key", [{1}, {1: 1}])
     def test_getitem_dict_and_set_deprecated(self, key):