diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index bc6eaaac2fac0..79d6e25d970b0 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -1867,6 +1867,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "oxc_ast",
  "oxc_data_structures",
  "oxc_index",
+ "oxc_parser",
  "oxc_semantic",
  "oxc_span",
  "rustc-hash",
diff --git a/crates/oxc_mangler/Cargo.toml b/crates/oxc_mangler/Cargo.toml
index ed07ebdc3153b..3b934ae4b142c 100644
--- a/crates/oxc_mangler/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/oxc_mangler/Cargo.toml
@@ -31,3 +31,6 @@ oxc_span = { workspace = true }
 fixedbitset = { workspace = true }
 itertools = { workspace = true }
 rustc-hash = { workspace = true }
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+oxc_parser = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/crates/oxc_mangler/src/keep_names.rs b/crates/oxc_mangler/src/keep_names.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..eb5969031b4d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/oxc_mangler/src/keep_names.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,269 @@
+use itertools::Itertools;
+use oxc_ast::{AstKind, ast::*};
+use oxc_semantic::{AstNode, AstNodes, ReferenceId, Scoping, SymbolId};
+use rustc_hash::FxHashSet;
+
+#[cfg_attr(not(test), expect(dead_code))]
+pub fn collect_name_symbols(scoping: &Scoping, ast_nodes: &AstNodes) -> FxHashSet<SymbolId> {
+    let collector = NameSymbolCollector::new(scoping, ast_nodes);
+    collector.collect()
+}
+
+/// Collects symbols that are used to set `name` properties of functions and classes.
+struct NameSymbolCollector<'a, 'b> {
+    scoping: &'b Scoping,
+    ast_nodes: &'b AstNodes<'a>,
+}
+
+impl<'a, 'b: 'a> NameSymbolCollector<'a, 'b> {
+    fn new(scoping: &'b Scoping, ast_nodes: &'b AstNodes<'a>) -> Self {
+        Self { scoping, ast_nodes }
+    }
+
+    fn collect(self) -> FxHashSet<SymbolId> {
+        self.scoping
+            .symbol_ids()
+            .filter(|symbol_id| {
+                let decl_node =
+                    self.ast_nodes.get_node(self.scoping.symbol_declaration(*symbol_id));
+                self.is_name_set_declare_node(decl_node, *symbol_id)
+                    || self.has_name_set_reference_node(*symbol_id)
+            })
+            .collect()
+    }
+
+    fn has_name_set_reference_node(&self, symbol_id: SymbolId) -> bool {
+        self.scoping.get_resolved_reference_ids(symbol_id).into_iter().any(|reference_id| {
+            let node = self.ast_nodes.get_node(self.scoping.get_reference(*reference_id).node_id());
+            self.is_name_set_reference_node(node, *reference_id)
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn is_name_set_declare_node(&self, node: &'a AstNode, symbol_id: SymbolId) -> bool {
+        match node.kind() {
+            AstKind::Function(function) => {
+                function.id.as_ref().is_some_and(|id| id.symbol_id() == symbol_id)
+            }
+            AstKind::Class(cls) => cls.id.as_ref().is_some_and(|id| id.symbol_id() == symbol_id),
+            AstKind::VariableDeclarator(decl) => {
+                if let BindingPatternKind::BindingIdentifier(id) = &decl.id.kind {
+                    if id.symbol_id() == symbol_id {
+                        return decl.init.as_ref().is_some_and(|init| {
+                            self.is_expression_whose_name_needs_to_be_kept(init)
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+                if let Some(assign_pattern) =
+                    Self::find_assign_binding_pattern_kind_of_specific_symbol(
+                        &decl.id.kind,
+                        symbol_id,
+                    )
+                {
+                    return self.is_expression_whose_name_needs_to_be_kept(&assign_pattern.right);
+                }
+                false
+            }
+            _ => false,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn is_name_set_reference_node(&self, node: &AstNode, reference_id: ReferenceId) -> bool {
+        let Some(parent_node) = self.ast_nodes.parent_node(node.id()) else { return false };
+        match parent_node.kind() {
+            AstKind::SimpleAssignmentTarget(_) => {
+                let Some((grand_parent_node_kind, grand_grand_parent_node_kind)) =
+                    self.ast_nodes.ancestor_kinds(parent_node.id()).skip(1).take(2).collect_tuple()
+                else {
+                    return false;
+                };
+                debug_assert!(matches!(grand_parent_node_kind, AstKind::AssignmentTarget(_)));
+
+                match grand_grand_parent_node_kind {
+                    AstKind::AssignmentExpression(assign_expr) => {
+                        Self::is_assignment_target_id_of_specific_reference(
+                            &assign_expr.left,
+                            reference_id,
+                        ) && self.is_expression_whose_name_needs_to_be_kept(&assign_expr.right)
+                    }
+                    AstKind::AssignmentTargetWithDefault(assign_target) => {
+                        Self::is_assignment_target_id_of_specific_reference(
+                            &assign_target.binding,
+                            reference_id,
+                        ) && self.is_expression_whose_name_needs_to_be_kept(&assign_target.init)
+                    }
+                    _ => false,
+                }
+            }
+            AstKind::ObjectAssignmentTarget(assign_target) => {
+                assign_target.properties.iter().any(|property| {
+                    if let AssignmentTargetProperty::AssignmentTargetPropertyIdentifier(prop_id) =
+                        &property
+                    {
+                        if prop_id.binding.reference_id() == reference_id {
+                            return prop_id.init.as_ref().is_some_and(|init| {
+                                self.is_expression_whose_name_needs_to_be_kept(init)
+                            });
+                        }
+                    }
+                    false
+                })
+            }
+            _ => false,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn find_assign_binding_pattern_kind_of_specific_symbol(
+        kind: &'a BindingPatternKind,
+        symbol_id: SymbolId,
+    ) -> Option<&'a AssignmentPattern<'a>> {
+        match kind {
+            BindingPatternKind::BindingIdentifier(_) => None,
+            BindingPatternKind::ObjectPattern(object_pattern) => {
+                for property in &object_pattern.properties {
+                    if let Some(value) = Self::find_assign_binding_pattern_kind_of_specific_symbol(
+                        &property.value.kind,
+                        symbol_id,
+                    ) {
+                        return Some(value);
+                    }
+                }
+                None
+            }
+            BindingPatternKind::ArrayPattern(array_pattern) => {
+                for element in &array_pattern.elements {
+                    let Some(binding) = element else { continue };
+
+                    if let Some(value) = Self::find_assign_binding_pattern_kind_of_specific_symbol(
+                        &binding.kind,
+                        symbol_id,
+                    ) {
+                        return Some(value);
+                    }
+                }
+                None
+            }
+            BindingPatternKind::AssignmentPattern(assign_pattern) => {
+                if Self::is_binding_id_of_specific_symbol(&assign_pattern.left.kind, symbol_id) {
+                    return Some(assign_pattern);
+                }
+                Self::find_assign_binding_pattern_kind_of_specific_symbol(
+                    &assign_pattern.left.kind,
+                    symbol_id,
+                )
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn is_binding_id_of_specific_symbol(
+        pattern_kind: &BindingPatternKind,
+        symbol_id: SymbolId,
+    ) -> bool {
+        if let BindingPatternKind::BindingIdentifier(id) = pattern_kind {
+            id.symbol_id() == symbol_id
+        } else {
+            false
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn is_assignment_target_id_of_specific_reference(
+        target_kind: &AssignmentTarget,
+        reference_id: ReferenceId,
+    ) -> bool {
+        if let AssignmentTarget::AssignmentTargetIdentifier(id) = target_kind {
+            id.reference_id() == reference_id
+        } else {
+            false
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[expect(clippy::unused_self)]
+    fn is_expression_whose_name_needs_to_be_kept(&self, expr: &Expression) -> bool {
+        expr.is_anonymous_function_definition()
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod test {
+    use oxc_allocator::Allocator;
+    use oxc_parser::Parser;
+    use oxc_semantic::SemanticBuilder;
+    use oxc_span::SourceType;
+    use rustc_hash::FxHashSet;
+    use std::iter::once;
+
+    use super::collect_name_symbols;
+
+    fn collect(source_text: &str) -> FxHashSet<String> {
+        let allocator = Allocator::default();
+        let ret = Parser::new(&allocator, source_text, SourceType::mjs()).parse();
+        assert!(!ret.panicked, "{source_text}");
+        assert!(ret.errors.is_empty(), "{source_text}");
+        let ret = SemanticBuilder::new().build(&ret.program);
+        assert!(ret.errors.is_empty(), "{source_text}");
+        let semantic = ret.semantic;
+        let symbols = collect_name_symbols(semantic.scoping(), semantic.nodes());
+        symbols
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(|symbol_id| semantic.scoping().symbol_name(symbol_id).to_string())
+            .collect()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_declarations() {
+        assert_eq!(collect("function foo() {}"), once("foo".to_string()).collect());
+        assert_eq!(collect("class Foo {}"), once("Foo".to_string()).collect());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_simple_declare_init() {
+        assert_eq!(collect("var foo = function() {}"), once("foo".to_string()).collect());
+        assert_eq!(collect("var foo = () => {}"), once("foo".to_string()).collect());
+        assert_eq!(collect("var Foo = class {}"), once("Foo".to_string()).collect());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_simple_assign() {
+        assert_eq!(collect("var foo; foo = function() {}"), once("foo".to_string()).collect());
+        assert_eq!(collect("var foo; foo = () => {}"), once("foo".to_string()).collect());
+        assert_eq!(collect("var Foo; Foo = class {}"), once("Foo".to_string()).collect());
+
+        assert_eq!(collect("var foo; foo ||= function() {}"), once("foo".to_string()).collect());
+        assert_eq!(
+            collect("var foo = 1; foo &&= function() {}"),
+            once("foo".to_string()).collect()
+        );
+        assert_eq!(collect("var foo; foo ??= function() {}"), once("foo".to_string()).collect());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_default_declarations() {
+        assert_eq!(collect("var [foo = function() {}] = []"), once("foo".to_string()).collect());
+        assert_eq!(collect("var [foo = () => {}] = []"), once("foo".to_string()).collect());
+        assert_eq!(collect("var [Foo = class {}] = []"), once("Foo".to_string()).collect());
+        assert_eq!(collect("var { foo = function() {} } = {}"), once("foo".to_string()).collect());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_default_assign() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            collect("var foo; [foo = function() {}] = []"),
+            once("foo".to_string()).collect()
+        );
+        assert_eq!(collect("var foo; [foo = () => {}] = []"), once("foo".to_string()).collect());
+        assert_eq!(collect("var Foo; [Foo = class {}] = []"), once("Foo".to_string()).collect());
+        assert_eq!(
+            collect("var foo; ({ foo = function() {} } = {})"),
+            once("foo".to_string()).collect()
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_for_in_declaration() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            collect("for (var foo = function() {} in []) {}"),
+            once("foo".to_string()).collect()
+        );
+        assert_eq!(collect("for (var foo = () => {} in []) {}"), once("foo".to_string()).collect());
+        assert_eq!(collect("for (var Foo = class {} in []) {}"), once("Foo".to_string()).collect());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/crates/oxc_mangler/src/lib.rs b/crates/oxc_mangler/src/lib.rs
index 99389f4ae05bd..3c9080df55e2c 100644
--- a/crates/oxc_mangler/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/oxc_mangler/src/lib.rs
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ use oxc_semantic::{Scoping, Semantic, SemanticBuilder, SymbolId};
 use oxc_span::Atom;
 
 pub(crate) mod base54;
+mod keep_names;
 
 #[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Copy)]
 pub struct MangleOptions {