diff --git a/src/runtime/bake/hmr-module.ts b/src/runtime/bake/hmr-module.ts
index 2b5b6e6a01b0..b9184bb5044a 100644
--- a/src/runtime/bake/hmr-module.ts
+++ b/src/runtime/bake/hmr-module.ts
@@ -355,6 +355,8 @@ export function loadModuleSync(id: Id, isUserDynamic: boolean, importer: HMRModu
     }
     const { [ESMProps.imports]: deps, [ESMProps.load]: load, [ESMProps.isAsync]: isAsync } = loadOrEsmModule;
     if (isAsync) {
+      // A stale module is refused before its body runs, so the next load evaluates it.
+      if (mod) mod.state = State.Stale;
       throw new AsyncImportError(id);
     }
     if (!mod) {
diff --git a/test/bake/dev/esm.test.ts b/test/bake/dev/esm.test.ts
index 240b9b6ff50d..eb6b396b9894 100644
--- a/test/bake/dev/esm.test.ts
+++ b/test/bake/dev/esm.test.ts
@@ -362,6 +362,71 @@ devTest("cannot require a module with top level await", {
     });
   },
 });
+devTest("import() evaluates a module with top-level await after require() refused it", {
+  framework: minimalFramework,
+  files: {
+    // CommonJS, so that the next load evaluates it again after it threw.
+    "flaky.ts": `
+      if (!globalThis.flakyThrew) {
+        globalThis.flakyThrew = true;
+        throw new Error("flaky failed");
+      }
+      module.exports = { flaky: "flaky" };
+    `,
+    "tla.ts": `
+      import { flaky } from "./flaky";
+      await 0;
+      export const tla = "tla(" + flaky + ")";
+    `,
+    // It has no await. A require() of it gets to "tla" through an import.
+    "via.ts": `
+      import { tla } from "./tla";
+      export const via = "via(" + tla + ")";
+    `,
+    "routes/index.ts": `
+      function requireIt(load) {
+        try {
+          load();
+          return "required";
+        } catch (e) {
+          return e.message;
+        }
+      }
+      async function importVia() {
+        try {
+          const ns = await import("../via");
+          return ns === null ? "null" : ns.via;
+        } catch (e) {
+          return e.message;
+        }
+      }
+      export default async function () {
+        return Response.json([
+          // No load of "tla" ran before these two.
+          requireIt(() => require("../tla")),
+          requireIt(() => require("../via")),
+          // "flaky" throws the first time. The body of "tla" does not run, and "tla" is stale.
+          await importVia(),
+          requireIt(() => require("../tla")),
+          requireIt(() => require("../via")),
+          await importVia(),
+        ]);
+      }
+    `,
+  },
+  async test(dev) {
+    const refused = (id: string) =>
+      `Cannot require "${id}" because "tla.ts" uses top-level await, but 'require' is a synchronous operation.`;
+    expect(await dev.fetch("/").json()).toEqual([
+      refused("tla.ts"),
+      refused("via.ts"),
+      "flaky failed",
+      refused("tla.ts"),
+      refused("via.ts"),
+      "via(tla(flaky))",
+    ]);
+  },
+});
 devTest("function that is assigned to should become a live binding", {
   files: {
     "index.html": emptyHtmlFile({