diff --git a/src/js_parser/p.rs b/src/js_parser/p.rs
index 1ec7115a1dae..589fa39b128d 100644
--- a/src/js_parser/p.rs
+++ b/src/js_parser/p.rs
@@ -8975,13 +8975,6 @@ impl LowerUsingDeclarationsContext {
                     result.push(stmt);
                     continue;
                 }
-                js_ast::StmtData::SClass(c) => {
-                    if c.is_export {
-                        // can't go in try/catch; hoist out
-                        result.push(stmt);
-                        continue;
-                    }
-                }
                 js_ast::StmtData::SExportDefault(_) => {
                     continue; // this prevents re-exporting default since we already have it as an .s_export_clause
                 }
diff --git a/src/js_parser/visit/visit_stmt.rs b/src/js_parser/visit/visit_stmt.rs
index dfce8bec1923..a64fc9b55aba 100644
--- a/src/js_parser/visit/visit_stmt.rs
+++ b/src/js_parser/visit/visit_stmt.rs
@@ -1066,7 +1066,10 @@ impl<'a, const TYPESCRIPT: bool, const SCAN_ONLY: bool> P<'a, TYPESCRIPT, SCAN_O
         let lowered = p.lower_class(js_ast::StmtOrExpr::Stmt(*stmt));
 
         if !mark_as_dead || was_export_inside_namespace {
-            // Lower class field syntax for browsers that don't support it
+            // Class counterpart of `select_local_kind` turning top-level `let`/`const` into `var`.
+            if p.will_wrap_module_in_try_catch_for_using && p.current_scope().parent.is_none() {
+                Self::convert_class_stmt_to_var(p, lowered, data);
+            }
             stmts.extend_from_slice(lowered);
         } else {
             let ref_ = data
@@ -1118,6 +1121,35 @@ impl<'a, const TYPESCRIPT: bool, const SCAN_ONLY: bool> P<'a, TYPESCRIPT, SCAN_O
         Ok(())
     }
 
+    /// Swaps the class statement in `lowered` for `var Foo = class Foo {}` (exported if it was).
+    fn convert_class_stmt_to_var(p: &mut Self, lowered: &mut [Stmt], data: &mut S::Class) {
+        let Some(slot) = lowered
+            .iter_mut()
+            .find(|s| matches!(s.data, StmtData::SClass(_)))
+        else {
+            return;
+        };
+        let loc = slot.loc;
+        let name = data
+            .class
+            .class_name
+            .expect("infallible: class statements are always named");
+        let class_expr = p.new_expr(core::mem::take(&mut data.class), loc);
+        let binding = p.b(B::Identifier { r#ref: name.ref_ }, name.loc);
+        *slot = p.s(
+            S::Local {
+                kind: S::Kind::KVar,
+                is_export: data.is_export,
+                decls: G::DeclList::from_slice(&[G::Decl {
+                    binding,
+                    value: Some(class_expr),
+                }]),
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+            loc,
+        );
+    }
+
     fn s_local(
         p: &mut Self,
         stmts: &mut StmtList<'a>,
diff --git a/test/bundler/bundler_edgecase.test.ts b/test/bundler/bundler_edgecase.test.ts
index 10d43bf3c113..687f68413abd 100644
--- a/test/bundler/bundler_edgecase.test.ts
+++ b/test/bundler/bundler_edgecase.test.ts
@@ -2348,6 +2348,177 @@ describe("bundler", () => {
     },
   });
 
+  // Lowering a top-level `using` wraps the module body in try/catch/finally.
+  // Class declarations have to stay in source order inside that block, but as
+  // module-scoped `var`s, like esbuild: exported classes used to be hoisted
+  // above the block (evaluating before the `using` value was initialized) and
+  // non-exported ones stayed block-scoped to it, so the hoisted function
+  // declarations could not see them.
+  itBundled("edgecase/UsingTopLevelClassDeclarations", {
+    files: {
+      "/entry.ts": `
+        import { Exported, Clause, viaFunction, Sub } from "./module.ts";
+        console.log(Exported.name, Exported.v);
+        console.log(Clause.name, Clause.v, Clause.self() === Clause);
+        console.log(viaFunction().name, viaFunction().v);
+        console.log(Sub.name, Sub.v, Object.getPrototypeOf(Sub) === Exported);
+      `,
+      "/module.ts": `
+        using resource = { v: 42, [Symbol.dispose]() { console.log("Disposing"); } };
+        export class Exported { static v = resource.v; }
+        class Clause { static v = resource.v; static self() { return Clause; } }
+        export { Clause };
+        class Hidden { static v = resource.v; }
+        export function viaFunction() { return Hidden; }
+        export class Sub extends Exported {}
+      `,
+    },
+    run: {
+      stdout: `
+        Disposing
+        Exported 42
+        Clause 42 true
+        Hidden 42
+        Sub 42 true
+      `,
+    },
+    onAfterBundle(api) {
+      const output = api.readFile("/out.js");
+      expect(output).not.toMatch(/^\s*class /m);
+      // Only the assignment is pinned down: when bundling, the `var` itself is
+      // relocated into a top-level declaration, and the class expression may or
+      // may not carry a name.
+      expect(output).toMatch(/\bExported = class\b/);
+      expect(output).toMatch(/\bHidden = class\b/);
+    },
+  });
+
+  // A module that is also reached through import() is evaluated inside an
+  // `__esm(...)` wrapper. The linker only hoists top-level declarations out of
+  // it, so the classes rely on the try block's `var`s being relocated into a
+  // top-level declaration (see LoweredTopLevelUsingInEsmWrapper below).
+  itBundled("edgecase/UsingTopLevelClassDeclarationsInEsmWrapper", {
+    files: {
+      "/entry.ts": `
+        import { Exported, viaFunction } from "./module.ts";
+        console.log("static", Exported.v, viaFunction().v);
+        const mod = await import("./module.ts");
+        console.log("dynamic", mod.Exported === Exported, mod.viaFunction().v);
+      `,
+      "/module.ts": `
+        using resource = { v: 42, [Symbol.dispose]() { console.log("Disposing"); } };
+        export class Exported { static v = resource.v; }
+        class Hidden { static v = resource.v; }
+        export function viaFunction() { return Hidden; }
+      `,
+    },
+    onAfterBundle(api) {
+      const output = api.readFile("/out.js");
+      expect(output).toContain("__esm(");
+      expect(output).toMatch(/^var __stack, resource, Exported, Hidden;$/m);
+    },
+    run: {
+      stdout: `
+        Disposing
+        static 42 42
+        dynamic true 42
+      `,
+    },
+  });
+
+  itBundled("edgecase/AwaitUsingTopLevelClassDeclarations", {
+    files: {
+      "/entry.ts": `
+        import { Exported, viaFunction } from "./module.ts";
+        console.log(Exported.v, viaFunction().v);
+      `,
+      "/module.ts": `
+        await using resource = { v: 42, async [Symbol.asyncDispose]() { console.log("Disposing"); } };
+        export class Exported { static v = resource.v; }
+        class Hidden { static v = resource.v; }
+        export function viaFunction() { return Hidden; }
+      `,
+    },
+    run: {
+      stdout: "Disposing\n42 42",
+    },
+  });
+
+  // `lower_class` emits extra statements around a decorated class; the class
+  // statement among them is the one that gets rewritten to a `var`.
+  itBundled("edgecase/UsingTopLevelClassStandardDecorators", {
+    files: {
+      "/entry.ts": `
+        import { Exported, viaFunction } from "./module.ts";
+        console.log(Exported.decorated, Exported.v, viaFunction().decorated, viaFunction().v);
+      `,
+      "/module.ts": `
+        using resource = { v: 42, [Symbol.dispose]() { console.log("Disposing"); } };
+        function decorate(value: any, context: ClassDecoratorContext) {
+          return class extends value { static decorated = context.name; };
+        }
+        @decorate
+        export class Exported { static v = resource.v; }
+        @decorate
+        class Hidden { static v = resource.v; }
+        export function viaFunction() { return Hidden; }
+      `,
+    },
+    run: {
+      stdout: "Disposing\nExported 42 Hidden 42",
+    },
+  });
+
+  itBundled("edgecase/UsingTopLevelClassExperimentalDecorators", {
+    files: {
+      "/entry.ts": `
+        import { Exported, viaFunction } from "./module.ts";
+        console.log(Exported.decorated, Exported.v, Exported.fields, viaFunction().decorated, viaFunction().v);
+      `,
+      "/module.ts": `
+        using resource = { v: 42, [Symbol.dispose]() { console.log("Disposing"); } };
+        function decorate(target: any) {
+          return class extends target { static decorated = target.name; };
+        }
+        function field(target: any, key: string) {
+          target.fields = key;
+        }
+        @decorate
+        export class Exported { static v = resource.v; @field static f = 1; }
+        @decorate
+        class Hidden { static v = resource.v; }
+        export function viaFunction() { return Hidden; }
+      `,
+      "/tsconfig.json": /* json */ `{ "compilerOptions": { "experimentalDecorators": true } }`,
+    },
+    run: {
+      stdout: "Disposing\nExported 42 f Hidden 42",
+    },
+  });
+
+  itBundled("edgecase/UsingTopLevelClassBakeDev", {
+    // The dev server's module format builds its export list from the same
+    // lowered statements.
+    format: "internal_bake_dev",
+    files: {
+      "/entry.ts": `
+        using resource = { [Symbol.dispose]() {} };
+        export class Exported {}
+        class Hidden {}
+        export function viaFunction() { return Hidden; }
+      `,
+    },
+    onAfterBundle(api) {
+      const output = api.readFile("/out.js");
+      expect(output).not.toMatch(/^\s*class (Exported|Hidden) /m);
+      expect(output).toMatch(/\bExported = class\b/);
+      expect(output).toMatch(/\bHidden = class\b/);
+      const [, exportList] = output.match(/hmr\.exports = \{([^}]*)\}/)!;
+      const exportNames = exportList.split(/[\s,]+/).filter(Boolean);
+      expect(exportNames.sort()).toEqual(["Exported", "viaFunction"]);
+    },
+  });
+
   itBundled("edgecase/UsingExportFails", {
     files: {
       "/entry.ts": `
diff --git a/test/bundler/transpiler/__snapshots__/transpiler.test.js.snap b/test/bundler/transpiler/__snapshots__/transpiler.test.js.snap
index a78b2167dd83..0b269bbd18d7 100644
--- a/test/bundler/transpiler/__snapshots__/transpiler.test.js.snap
+++ b/test/bundler/transpiler/__snapshots__/transpiler.test.js.snap
@@ -178,3 +178,37 @@ export {
 };
 "
 `;
+
+exports[`Bun.Transpiler using top level turns class declarations into vars 1`] = `
+"import { __callDispose as __callDispose, __using as __using } from "bun:wrap";
+export function f() {
+
+  class G {
+  }
+  return [new E, new G];
+}
+let __bun_temp_ref_1$ = [];
+try {
+  var a = __using(__bun_temp_ref_1$, b(), 0);
+  var C = class C {
+    static a = a;
+  };
+  var D = class D extends C {
+    static self() {
+      return D;
+    }
+  };
+  var E = class E {
+  };
+} catch (__bun_temp_ref_2$) {
+  var __bun_temp_ref_3$ = __bun_temp_ref_2$, __bun_temp_ref_4$ = 1;
+} finally {
+  __callDispose(__bun_temp_ref_1$, __bun_temp_ref_3$, __bun_temp_ref_4$);
+}
+
+export {
+  C,
+  D
+};
+"
+`;
diff --git a/test/bundler/transpiler/transpiler.test.js b/test/bundler/transpiler/transpiler.test.js
index a9a0d382aaed..27ab495028ae 100644
--- a/test/bundler/transpiler/transpiler.test.js
+++ b/test/bundler/transpiler/transpiler.test.js
@@ -4700,6 +4700,24 @@ console.log("boop");
       export var q = r;
     `);
   });
+
+  it("using top level turns class declarations into vars", () => {
+    // Everything but imports, exports and function declarations moves into the
+    // try block, so classes become module-scoped `var`s in source order (and
+    // exported ones move to the export clause), matching esbuild. Classes in
+    // nested scopes are left alone.
+    expectPrintedSnapshot(`
+      using a = b();
+      export class C { static a = a; }
+      class D extends C { static self() { return D; } }
+      export { D };
+      class E {}
+      export function f() {
+        class G {}
+        return [new E(), new G()];
+      }
+    `);
+  });
 });
 
 describe("await can only be used inside an async function message", () => {