Reference: Postcode sources

There is a GIS StackExchange thread with more information. Canada Post's data products don't seem to include boundaries or centroids.

Addresses by ward

• Toronto: Address Points includes a column for ward
• Montreal: Sections de vote par adresse civique

LDU centroids

Many of the following databases are reported to have duplicate entries.

• Geocoder.ca (free)
• ZipCodeDownload.com Canada 6-digit Postal Code Data Premium Edition ($USD99.95)
• IGEOCODE Canada Postal Codes Premium Edition ($USD125.95)
• GeoData Ltd ($USD149)
• Zip-Codes.com Canadian Postal Code Database Standard Version ($USD169.95)
• GreatData.com Canada Latitude and Longitude Database ($USD599)
• Pitney Bowes FSA/6 Digit Postal Code Bundle (~$6600 starting at 1-5 Customers)
• Geografx Canadian 6-Digit Postal Codes (~$11,275 per user)
• DMTI Spatial CanMap Postal Code Suite (~$10,000)

Miscellaneous

• FSA boundaries: Statistics Canada Forward Sortation Area Boundary File
• FSA centroids: GeoNames.org postal code files (free)
• Canada Post Canadian Postal Code Directory ($199.95)
  • a large book of postal codes and address ranges
  • updated once a year (last update February 28, 2013)
  • no digital version is available
  • 1-800-565-4362 for information
• Statistics Canada Postal Codes by Federal Ridings File (PCFRF) ($2,500)
• LDU boundaries: DMTI Spatial CanMap Postal Code Suite (~$10,000)
• Canada Post Postal Code Address Data (up to ~$50,000)

Past sources

• PopularData.com no longer offers postal code data.