diff --git a/src/cli-core.ts b/src/cli-core.ts
index e37598c0..6d3d8913 100644
--- a/src/cli-core.ts
+++ b/src/cli-core.ts
@@ -609,6 +609,7 @@ async function handleSessionsNew(
     agentCommand: agent.agentCommand,
     cwd: agent.cwd,
     name: flags.name,
+    resumeSessionId: flags.resumeSession,
     permissionMode,
     nonInteractivePermissions: globalFlags.nonInteractivePermissions,
     authCredentials: config.auth,
@@ -647,6 +648,7 @@ async function handleSessionsEnsure(
     agentCommand: agent.agentCommand,
     cwd: agent.cwd,
     name: flags.name,
+    resumeSessionId: flags.resumeSession,
     permissionMode,
     nonInteractivePermissions: globalFlags.nonInteractivePermissions,
     authCredentials: config.auth,
@@ -1066,6 +1068,9 @@ function registerSessionsCommand(
     .command("new")
     .description("Create a fresh session for current cwd")
     .option("--name <name>", "Session name", parseSessionName)
+    .option("--resume-session <id>", "Resume existing ACP session id", (value: string) =>
+      parseNonEmptyValue("Resume session id", value),
+    )
     .action(async function (this: Command, flags: SessionsNewFlags) {
       await handleSessionsNew(explicitAgentName, flags, this, config);
     });
@@ -1074,6 +1079,9 @@ function registerSessionsCommand(
     .command("ensure")
     .description("Ensure a session exists for current cwd or ancestor")
     .option("--name <name>", "Session name", parseSessionName)
+    .option("--resume-session <id>", "Resume existing ACP session id", (value: string) =>
+      parseNonEmptyValue("Resume session id", value),
+    )
     .action(async function (this: Command, flags: SessionsNewFlags) {
       await handleSessionsEnsure(explicitAgentName, flags, this, config);
     });
diff --git a/src/cli/flags.ts b/src/cli/flags.ts
index 93a8529b..6c7771b8 100644
--- a/src/cli/flags.ts
+++ b/src/cli/flags.ts
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ export type ExecFlags = {
 
 export type SessionsNewFlags = {
   name?: string;
+  resumeSession?: string;
 };
 
 export type SessionsHistoryFlags = {
diff --git a/src/session-runtime.ts b/src/session-runtime.ts
index 3ea86324..9214c3db 100644
--- a/src/session-runtime.ts
+++ b/src/session-runtime.ts
@@ -118,6 +118,7 @@ export type SessionCreateOptions = {
   agentCommand: string;
   cwd: string;
   name?: string;
+  resumeSessionId?: string;
   permissionMode: PermissionMode;
   nonInteractivePermissions?: NonInteractivePermissionPolicy;
   authCredentials?: Record<string, string>;
@@ -146,6 +147,7 @@ export type SessionEnsureOptions = {
   agentCommand: string;
   cwd: string;
   name?: string;
+  resumeSessionId?: string;
   permissionMode: PermissionMode;
   nonInteractivePermissions?: NonInteractivePermissionPolicy;
   authCredentials?: Record<string, string>;
@@ -675,19 +677,43 @@ export async function createSession(options: SessionCreateOptions): Promise<Sess
   try {
     return await withInterrupt(
       async () => {
+        const cwd = absolutePath(options.cwd);
         await measurePerf("runtime.session_create.start", async () => {
           await withTimeout(client.start(), options.timeoutMs);
         });
-        const createdSession = await measurePerf(
-          "runtime.session_create.create_session",
-          async () => {
-            return await withTimeout(
-              client.createSession(absolutePath(options.cwd)),
+        let sessionId: string;
+        let agentSessionId: string | undefined;
+
+        if (options.resumeSessionId) {
+          if (!client.supportsLoadSession()) {
+            throw new Error(
+              `Agent command "${options.agentCommand}" does not support session/load; cannot resume session ${options.resumeSessionId}`,
+            );
+          }
+
+          try {
+            const loadedSession = await withTimeout(
+              client.loadSession(options.resumeSessionId, cwd),
               options.timeoutMs,
             );
-          },
-        );
-        const sessionId = createdSession.sessionId;
+            sessionId = options.resumeSessionId;
+            agentSessionId = normalizeRuntimeSessionId(loadedSession.agentSessionId);
+          } catch (error) {
+            throw new Error(
+              `Failed to resume ACP session ${options.resumeSessionId}: ${formatErrorMessage(error)}`,
+              {
+                cause: error,
+              },
+            );
+          }
+        } else {
+          const createdSession = await measurePerf(
+            "runtime.session_create.create_session",
+            async () => await withTimeout(client.createSession(cwd), options.timeoutMs),
+          );
+          sessionId = createdSession.sessionId;
+          agentSessionId = normalizeRuntimeSessionId(createdSession.agentSessionId);
+        }
         const lifecycle = client.getAgentLifecycleSnapshot();
 
         const now = isoNow();
@@ -695,9 +721,9 @@ export async function createSession(options: SessionCreateOptions): Promise<Sess
           schema: SESSION_RECORD_SCHEMA,
           acpxRecordId: sessionId,
           acpSessionId: sessionId,
-          agentSessionId: normalizeRuntimeSessionId(createdSession.agentSessionId),
+          agentSessionId,
           agentCommand: options.agentCommand,
-          cwd: absolutePath(options.cwd),
+          cwd,
           name: normalizeName(options.name),
           createdAt: now,
           lastUsedAt: now,
@@ -747,6 +773,7 @@ export async function ensureSession(options: SessionEnsureOptions): Promise<Sess
     agentCommand: options.agentCommand,
     cwd,
     name: options.name,
+    resumeSessionId: options.resumeSessionId,
     permissionMode: options.permissionMode,
     nonInteractivePermissions: options.nonInteractivePermissions,
     authCredentials: options.authCredentials,
diff --git a/test/cli.test.ts b/test/cli.test.ts
index 97c85fce..d7b97e3e 100644
--- a/test/cli.test.ts
+++ b/test/cli.test.ts
@@ -55,7 +55,11 @@ const MOCK_AGENT_IGNORING_SIGTERM = `${MOCK_AGENT_COMMAND} --ignore-sigterm`;
 const MOCK_CODEX_AGENT_WITH_RUNTIME_SESSION_ID = `${MOCK_AGENT_COMMAND} --codex-session-id codex-runtime-session`;
 const MOCK_CLAUDE_AGENT_WITH_RUNTIME_SESSION_ID = `${MOCK_AGENT_COMMAND} --claude-session-id claude-runtime-session`;
 const MOCK_AGENT_WITH_LOAD_RUNTIME_SESSION_ID = `${MOCK_AGENT_COMMAND} --supports-load-session --load-runtime-session-id loaded-runtime-session`;
+const MOCK_AGENT_WITH_DISTINCT_CREATE_AND_LOAD_RUNTIME_SESSION_IDS =
+  `${MOCK_AGENT_COMMAND} --runtime-session-id fresh-runtime-session ` +
+  "--supports-load-session --load-runtime-session-id resumed-runtime-session";
 const MOCK_AGENT_WITH_LOAD_FALLBACK = `${MOCK_AGENT_COMMAND} --supports-load-session --load-session-fails-on-empty`;
+const MOCK_AGENT_WITH_LOAD_SESSION_NOT_FOUND = `${MOCK_AGENT_COMMAND} --supports-load-session --load-session-not-found`;
 
 type CliRunResult = {
   code: number | null;
@@ -220,6 +224,7 @@ test("sessions new command is present in help output", async () => {
     const newHelp = await runCli(["sessions", "new", "--help"], homeDir);
     assert.equal(newHelp.code, 0, newHelp.stderr);
     assert.match(newHelp.stdout, /--name <name>/);
+    assert.match(newHelp.stdout, /--resume-session <id>/);
 
     const ensureHelp = await runCli(["sessions", "ensure", "--help"], homeDir);
     assert.equal(ensureHelp.code, 0, ensureHelp.stderr);
@@ -228,6 +233,140 @@ test("sessions new command is present in help output", async () => {
     const readHelp = await runCli(["sessions", "read", "--help"], homeDir);
     assert.equal(readHelp.code, 0, readHelp.stderr);
     assert.match(readHelp.stdout, /--tail <count>/);
+    assert.match(ensureHelp.stdout, /--resume-session <id>/);
+  });
+});
+
+test("sessions new --resume-session loads ACP session and stores resumed ids", async () => {
+  await withTempHome(async (homeDir) => {
+    const cwd = path.join(homeDir, "workspace");
+    await fs.mkdir(cwd, { recursive: true });
+    await fs.mkdir(path.join(homeDir, ".acpx"), { recursive: true });
+    await fs.writeFile(
+      path.join(homeDir, ".acpx", "config.json"),
+      `${JSON.stringify(
+        {
+          agents: {
+            codex: {
+              command: MOCK_AGENT_WITH_DISTINCT_CREATE_AND_LOAD_RUNTIME_SESSION_IDS,
+            },
+          },
+        },
+        null,
+        2,
+      )}\n`,
+      "utf8",
+    );
+
+    const resumeSessionId = "cs_resume123";
+    const result = await runCli(
+      [
+        "--cwd",
+        cwd,
+        "--format",
+        "json",
+        "codex",
+        "sessions",
+        "new",
+        "--resume-session",
+        resumeSessionId,
+      ],
+      homeDir,
+    );
+    assert.equal(result.code, 0, result.stderr);
+
+    const payload = JSON.parse(result.stdout.trim()) as {
+      action?: unknown;
+      created?: unknown;
+      acpxRecordId?: unknown;
+      acpxSessionId?: unknown;
+      agentSessionId?: unknown;
+    };
+    assert.equal(payload.action, "session_ensured");
+    assert.equal(payload.created, true);
+    assert.equal(payload.acpxRecordId, resumeSessionId);
+    assert.equal(payload.acpxSessionId, resumeSessionId);
+    assert.equal(payload.agentSessionId, "resumed-runtime-session");
+
+    const storedRecordPath = path.join(
+      homeDir,
+      ".acpx",
+      "sessions",
+      `${encodeURIComponent(resumeSessionId)}.json`,
+    );
+    const storedRecord = JSON.parse(await fs.readFile(storedRecordPath, "utf8")) as {
+      acp_session_id?: unknown;
+      agent_session_id?: unknown;
+    };
+    assert.equal(storedRecord.acp_session_id, resumeSessionId);
+    assert.equal(storedRecord.agent_session_id, "resumed-runtime-session");
+  });
+});
+
+test("sessions new --resume-session fails when agent does not support session/load", async () => {
+  await withTempHome(async (homeDir) => {
+    const cwd = path.join(homeDir, "workspace");
+    await fs.mkdir(cwd, { recursive: true });
+    await fs.mkdir(path.join(homeDir, ".acpx"), { recursive: true });
+    await fs.writeFile(
+      path.join(homeDir, ".acpx", "config.json"),
+      `${JSON.stringify(
+        {
+          agents: {
+            codex: {
+              command: MOCK_AGENT_COMMAND,
+            },
+          },
+        },
+        null,
+        2,
+      )}\n`,
+      "utf8",
+    );
+
+    const result = await runCli(
+      ["--cwd", cwd, "codex", "sessions", "new", "--resume-session", "cs_unsupported"],
+      homeDir,
+    );
+
+    assert.equal(result.code, 1, result.stderr);
+    assert.match(result.stderr, /does not support session\/load/i);
+  });
+});
+
+test("sessions new --resume-session surfaces not-found loadSession errors without fallback", async () => {
+  await withTempHome(async (homeDir) => {
+    const cwd = path.join(homeDir, "workspace");
+    await fs.mkdir(cwd, { recursive: true });
+    await fs.mkdir(path.join(homeDir, ".acpx"), { recursive: true });
+    await fs.writeFile(
+      path.join(homeDir, ".acpx", "config.json"),
+      `${JSON.stringify(
+        {
+          agents: {
+            codex: {
+              command: MOCK_AGENT_WITH_LOAD_SESSION_NOT_FOUND,
+            },
+          },
+        },
+        null,
+        2,
+      )}\n`,
+      "utf8",
+    );
+
+    const resumeSessionId = "cs_missing";
+    const result = await runCli(
+      ["--cwd", cwd, "codex", "sessions", "new", "--resume-session", resumeSessionId],
+      homeDir,
+    );
+
+    assert.equal(result.code, 4, result.stderr);
+    assert.match(result.stderr, /Failed to resume ACP session cs_missing: Resource not found/);
+
+    const sessionsDir = path.join(homeDir, ".acpx", "sessions");
+    const entries = await fs.readdir(sessionsDir).catch(() => [] as string[]);
+    assert.equal(entries.includes(`${encodeURIComponent(resumeSessionId)}.json`), false);
   });
 });
 
@@ -273,6 +412,57 @@ test("sessions ensure creates when missing and returns existing on subsequent ca
   });
 });
 
+test("sessions ensure --resume-session loads ACP session when creating missing session", async () => {
+  await withTempHome(async (homeDir) => {
+    const cwd = path.join(homeDir, "workspace");
+    await fs.mkdir(cwd, { recursive: true });
+    await fs.mkdir(path.join(homeDir, ".acpx"), { recursive: true });
+    await fs.writeFile(
+      path.join(homeDir, ".acpx", "config.json"),
+      `${JSON.stringify(
+        {
+          agents: {
+            codex: {
+              command: MOCK_AGENT_WITH_DISTINCT_CREATE_AND_LOAD_RUNTIME_SESSION_IDS,
+            },
+          },
+        },
+        null,
+        2,
+      )}\n`,
+      "utf8",
+    );
+
+    const resumeSessionId = "cs_ensure_resume";
+    const result = await runCli(
+      [
+        "--cwd",
+        cwd,
+        "--format",
+        "json",
+        "codex",
+        "sessions",
+        "ensure",
+        "--resume-session",
+        resumeSessionId,
+      ],
+      homeDir,
+    );
+    assert.equal(result.code, 0, result.stderr);
+
+    const payload = JSON.parse(result.stdout.trim()) as {
+      created?: unknown;
+      acpxRecordId?: unknown;
+      acpxSessionId?: unknown;
+      agentSessionId?: unknown;
+    };
+    assert.equal(payload.created, true);
+    assert.equal(payload.acpxRecordId, resumeSessionId);
+    assert.equal(payload.acpxSessionId, resumeSessionId);
+    assert.equal(payload.agentSessionId, "resumed-runtime-session");
+  });
+});
+
 test("sessions ensure exits even when agent ignores SIGTERM", async () => {
   await withTempHome(async (homeDir) => {
     const cwd = path.join(homeDir, "workspace");
diff --git a/test/mock-agent.ts b/test/mock-agent.ts
index c3fa0ed4..34dad528 100644
--- a/test/mock-agent.ts
+++ b/test/mock-agent.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { Readable, Writable } from "node:stream";
 import {
   AgentSideConnection,
   PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+  RequestError,
   ndJsonStream,
   type Agent,
   type AgentSideConnection as AgentConnection,
@@ -32,6 +33,7 @@ type MockAgentOptions = {
   newSessionMeta?: Record<string, string>;
   loadSessionMeta?: Record<string, string>;
   supportsLoadSession: boolean;
+  loadSessionNotFound: boolean;
   loadSessionFailsOnEmpty: boolean;
   replayLoadSessionUpdates: boolean;
   loadReplayText: string;
@@ -262,6 +264,7 @@ function parseMockAgentOptions(argv: string[]): MockAgentOptions {
   const newSessionMeta: Record<string, string> = {};
   const loadSessionMeta: Record<string, string> = {};
   let supportsLoadSession = false;
+  let loadSessionNotFound = false;
   let loadSessionFailsOnEmpty = false;
   let replayLoadSessionUpdates = false;
   let loadReplayText = "replayed load session update";
@@ -282,6 +285,12 @@ function parseMockAgentOptions(argv: string[]): MockAgentOptions {
       continue;
     }
 
+    if (token === "--load-session-not-found") {
+      supportsLoadSession = true;
+      loadSessionNotFound = true;
+      continue;
+    }
+
     if (token === "--replay-load-session-updates") {
       supportsLoadSession = true;
       replayLoadSessionUpdates = true;
@@ -329,6 +338,7 @@ function parseMockAgentOptions(argv: string[]): MockAgentOptions {
     newSessionMeta: Object.keys(newSessionMeta).length > 0 ? { ...newSessionMeta } : undefined,
     loadSessionMeta: Object.keys(loadSessionMeta).length > 0 ? { ...loadSessionMeta } : undefined,
     supportsLoadSession,
+    loadSessionNotFound,
     loadSessionFailsOnEmpty,
     replayLoadSessionUpdates,
     loadReplayText,
@@ -423,6 +433,10 @@ class MockAgent implements Agent {
       throw new Error("loadSession is not supported");
     }
 
+    if (this.options.loadSessionNotFound) {
+      throw RequestError.resourceNotFound(params.sessionId);
+    }
+
     const existing = this.sessions.get(params.sessionId);
     if (this.options.loadSessionFailsOnEmpty && (!existing || !existing.hasCompletedPrompt)) {
       const error = new Error("Internal error") as Error & {