diff --git a/experimental/CHANGELOG.md b/experimental/CHANGELOG.md
index 26fae05073d..bd910cceff5 100644
--- a/experimental/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/experimental/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ For notes on migrating to 2.x / 0.200.x see [the upgrade guide](doc/upgrade-to-2
 ### :rocket: Features
 
 * feat(configuration): bump config schema to v1.1.0; rename `without_scope_info` → `scope_info_enabled` and `without_target_info/development` → `target_info_enabled/development` on the Prometheus pull exporter (semantics inverted), rename `with_resource_constant_labels` → `resource_constant_labels`. Validate `file_format` per the configuration versioning spec: accept any minor version of major `1` (e.g. `1.0`, `1.1`), warn when the minor version is newer than supported, and reject other major versions. [#6781](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-js/pull/6781) @MikeGoldsmith
+* feat(sdk-node): wire up `id_generator` from declarative config [#6782](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-js/pull/6782) @MikeGoldsmith
 * feat(propagator-env-carrier): empty name normalization [#6827](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-js/pull/6827) @pellared
 
 ### :bug: Bug Fixes
diff --git a/experimental/packages/configuration/src/index.ts b/experimental/packages/configuration/src/index.ts
index 5cce47f15af..9ca439bedf6 100644
--- a/experimental/packages/configuration/src/index.ts
+++ b/experimental/packages/configuration/src/index.ts
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ export type {
   NameStringValuePair as NameStringValuePairConfigModel,
   HttpTls as HttpTlsConfigModel,
   GrpcTls as GrpcTlsConfigModel,
+  IdGenerator as IdGeneratorConfigModel,
   SeverityNumber as SeverityNumberConfigModel,
   LoggerProvider as LoggerProviderConfigModel,
   AttributeLimits as AttributeLimitsConfigModel,
diff --git a/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-sdk-node/src/start.ts b/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-sdk-node/src/start.ts
index 5631f7045a7..b90275eea0b 100644
--- a/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-sdk-node/src/start.ts
+++ b/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-sdk-node/src/start.ts
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import {
   propagation,
 } from '@opentelemetry/api';
 import {
+  getIdGeneratorFromConfiguration,
   getInstanceID,
   createLoggerProviderFromConfig,
   getMeterReadersFromConfiguration,
@@ -166,15 +167,16 @@ function create(
 
     const spanProcessors = getSpanProcessorsFromConfiguration(config);
     if (spanProcessors) {
+      const idGenerator = getIdGeneratorFromConfiguration(config);
       // TODO (6506): support sampler configuration from config
       const tracerProvider = new TracerProvider({
         resource,
         spanProcessors,
+        idGenerator,
         spanLimits: createSpanLimitsFromConfig(
           config.tracer_provider?.limits,
           config.attribute_limits
         ),
-        // TODO (6616): support idGenerator configuration from config
         // TODO (6624): support for `meterProvider: components.meterProvider`
       });
       components.tracerProvider = tracerProvider;
diff --git a/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-sdk-node/src/utils.ts b/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-sdk-node/src/utils.ts
index 306c5cdb0ea..d378ac9104e 100644
--- a/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-sdk-node/src/utils.ts
+++ b/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-sdk-node/src/utils.ts
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ import {
   serviceInstanceIdDetector,
 } from '@opentelemetry/resources';
 import type {
+  IdGenerator,
   Sampler,
   SpanExporter,
   SpanProcessor,
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@ import {
   BatchSpanProcessor,
   ConsoleSpanExporter,
   ParentBasedSampler,
+  RandomIdGenerator,
   SimpleSpanProcessor,
   TraceIdRatioBasedSampler,
 } from '@opentelemetry/sdk-trace';
@@ -959,6 +961,27 @@ export function getSpanProcessorsFromConfiguration(
   return undefined;
 }
 
+export function getIdGeneratorFromConfiguration(
+  config: ConfigurationModel
+): IdGenerator | undefined {
+  const idGenerator = config.tracer_provider?.id_generator;
+  if (!idGenerator) {
+    return undefined;
+  }
+  if (idGenerator.random !== undefined) {
+    return new RandomIdGenerator();
+  }
+  // Any other key is a third-party / custom id_generator type which we
+  // don't currently support. Warn and fall back to SDK default.
+  const unknownKeys = Object.keys(idGenerator).filter(k => k !== 'random');
+  if (unknownKeys.length > 0) {
+    diag.warn(
+      `Unsupported id_generator type(s): ${unknownKeys.join(', ')}. Using default.`
+    );
+  }
+  return undefined;
+}
+
 export function getMeterReadersFromConfiguration(
   config: ConfigurationModel
 ): IMetricReader[] | undefined {
diff --git a/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-sdk-node/test/utils.test.ts b/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-sdk-node/test/utils.test.ts
index 218f078aa7a..95b566773b2 100644
--- a/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-sdk-node/test/utils.test.ts
+++ b/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-sdk-node/test/utils.test.ts
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import {
   getHeadersFromConfiguration,
   getMeterViewsFromConfiguration,
   getHttpAgentOptionsFromTls,
+  getIdGeneratorFromConfiguration,
 } from '../src/utils';
 import * as assert from 'assert';
 import * as sinon from 'sinon';
@@ -786,6 +787,53 @@ describe('getMeterViewsFromConfiguration', function () {
   });
 });
 
+describe('getIdGeneratorFromConfiguration', function () {
+  afterEach(() => {
+    sinon.restore();
+  });
+
+  it('returns undefined when no tracer_provider is set', function () {
+    assert.equal(
+      getIdGeneratorFromConfiguration({} as ConfigurationModel),
+      undefined
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('returns undefined when no id_generator is set', function () {
+    const config = {
+      tracer_provider: { processors: [] },
+    } as ConfigurationModel;
+    assert.equal(getIdGeneratorFromConfiguration(config), undefined);
+  });
+
+  it('returns a RandomIdGenerator when random is set', function () {
+    const config = {
+      tracer_provider: { processors: [], id_generator: { random: {} } },
+    } as ConfigurationModel;
+    const idGenerator = getIdGeneratorFromConfiguration(config);
+    assert.ok(idGenerator);
+    assert.strictEqual(idGenerator.constructor.name, 'RandomIdGenerator');
+  });
+
+  it('warns and returns undefined for unsupported id_generator type', function () {
+    const warnStub = sinon.stub(diag, 'warn');
+    const config = {
+      tracer_provider: {
+        processors: [],
+        id_generator: { custom_generator: {} },
+      },
+    } as ConfigurationModel;
+    assert.equal(getIdGeneratorFromConfiguration(config), undefined);
+    assert.ok(
+      warnStub.args.some(args =>
+        String(args[0]).includes(
+          'Unsupported id_generator type(s): custom_generator'
+        )
+      )
+    );
+  });
+});
+
 describe('getHttpAgentOptionsFromTls', function () {
   afterEach(() => {
     sinon.restore();