diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 8328794952e..507cc3b7c2e 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -17,11 +17,12 @@ For notes on migrating to 2.x / 0.200.x see [the upgrade guide](doc/upgrade-to-2
 
 ### :rocket: Features
 
-* feat(sdk-logs): implement log creation metrics  [#6433](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-js/pull/6433) @anuraaga
+* feat(sdk-logs): implement log creation metrics [#6433](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-js/pull/6433) @anuraaga
 
 ### :bug: Bug Fixes
 
-fix(opentelemetry-resources): do not discard OTEL_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES when it contains empty kv pairs
+* fix(opentelemetry-resources): do not discard OTEL_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES when it contains empty kv pairs
+* fix(otlp-transformer): add check for possible unsafe json parse [#6588](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-js/pull/6588) @maryliag
 
 ### :books: Documentation
 
diff --git a/experimental/packages/otlp-transformer/src/logs/json/logs.ts b/experimental/packages/otlp-transformer/src/logs/json/logs.ts
index 4ecc1c12652..b9994535888 100644
--- a/experimental/packages/otlp-transformer/src/logs/json/logs.ts
+++ b/experimental/packages/otlp-transformer/src/logs/json/logs.ts
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import type { ReadableLogRecord } from '@opentelemetry/sdk-logs';
 import { createExportLogsServiceRequest } from '../internal';
 import type { IExportLogsServiceResponse } from '../export-response';
 import { JSON_ENCODER } from '../../common/utils';
+import { diag } from '@opentelemetry/api';
 
 /*
  * @experimental this serializer may receive breaking changes in minor versions, pin this package's version when using this constant
@@ -25,6 +26,13 @@ export const JsonLogsSerializer: ISerializer<
       return {};
     }
     const decoder = new TextDecoder();
-    return JSON.parse(decoder.decode(arg)) as IExportLogsServiceResponse;
+    try {
+      return JSON.parse(decoder.decode(arg)) as IExportLogsServiceResponse;
+    } catch (err) {
+      diag.warn(
+        `Failed to parse logs export response: ${err.message}. Returning empty response`
+      );
+      return {};
+    }
   },
 };
diff --git a/experimental/packages/otlp-transformer/src/metrics/json/metrics.ts b/experimental/packages/otlp-transformer/src/metrics/json/metrics.ts
index 409c675bb72..9c481b37de2 100644
--- a/experimental/packages/otlp-transformer/src/metrics/json/metrics.ts
+++ b/experimental/packages/otlp-transformer/src/metrics/json/metrics.ts
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import type { ResourceMetrics } from '@opentelemetry/sdk-metrics';
 import { createExportMetricsServiceRequest } from '../internal';
 import type { IExportMetricsServiceResponse } from '../export-response';
 import { JSON_ENCODER } from '../../common/utils';
+import { diag } from '@opentelemetry/api';
 
 export const JsonMetricsSerializer: ISerializer<
   ResourceMetrics,
@@ -22,6 +23,13 @@ export const JsonMetricsSerializer: ISerializer<
       return {};
     }
     const decoder = new TextDecoder();
-    return JSON.parse(decoder.decode(arg)) as IExportMetricsServiceResponse;
+    try {
+      return JSON.parse(decoder.decode(arg)) as IExportMetricsServiceResponse;
+    } catch (err) {
+      diag.warn(
+        `Failed to parse metrics export response: ${err.message}. Returning empty response`
+      );
+      return {};
+    }
   },
 };
diff --git a/experimental/packages/otlp-transformer/src/trace/json/trace.ts b/experimental/packages/otlp-transformer/src/trace/json/trace.ts
index c6a40d552c2..d6c153e9735 100644
--- a/experimental/packages/otlp-transformer/src/trace/json/trace.ts
+++ b/experimental/packages/otlp-transformer/src/trace/json/trace.ts
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import type { ReadableSpan } from '@opentelemetry/sdk-trace-base';
 import type { IExportTraceServiceResponse } from '../export-response';
 import { createExportTraceServiceRequest } from '../internal';
 import { JSON_ENCODER } from '../../common/utils';
+import { diag } from '@opentelemetry/api';
 
 export const JsonTraceSerializer: ISerializer<
   ReadableSpan[],
@@ -22,6 +23,13 @@ export const JsonTraceSerializer: ISerializer<
       return {};
     }
     const decoder = new TextDecoder();
-    return JSON.parse(decoder.decode(arg)) as IExportTraceServiceResponse;
+    try {
+      return JSON.parse(decoder.decode(arg)) as IExportTraceServiceResponse;
+    } catch (err) {
+      diag.warn(
+        `Failed to parse trace export response: ${err.message}. Returning empty response`
+      );
+      return {};
+    }
   },
 };
diff --git a/experimental/packages/otlp-transformer/test/logs.test.ts b/experimental/packages/otlp-transformer/test/logs.test.ts
index f7db2c7638d..88f0a1f95b5 100644
--- a/experimental/packages/otlp-transformer/test/logs.test.ts
+++ b/experimental/packages/otlp-transformer/test/logs.test.ts
@@ -503,6 +503,21 @@ describe('Logs', () => {
       );
     });
 
+    it('deserializes a malformed response', () => {
+      const malformedResponse =
+        '{ "partialSuccess": { "errorMessage": foo, "rejectedLogRecords": 1, }';
+      const encoder = new TextEncoder();
+      const encodedResponse = encoder.encode(malformedResponse);
+      const deserializedResponse =
+        JsonLogsSerializer.deserializeResponse(encodedResponse);
+
+      assert.deepEqual(
+        deserializedResponse,
+        {},
+        'Malformed response should result in an empty object being returned'
+      );
+    });
+
     it('does not throw when deserializing an empty response', () => {
       assert.doesNotThrow(() =>
         JsonLogsSerializer.deserializeResponse(new Uint8Array([]))
diff --git a/experimental/packages/otlp-transformer/test/metrics.test.ts b/experimental/packages/otlp-transformer/test/metrics.test.ts
index 04e39b88405..5e6e95658a8 100644
--- a/experimental/packages/otlp-transformer/test/metrics.test.ts
+++ b/experimental/packages/otlp-transformer/test/metrics.test.ts
@@ -984,6 +984,21 @@ describe('Metrics', () => {
       );
     });
 
+    it('deserializes a malformed response', () => {
+      const malformedResponse =
+        '{ "partialSuccess": { "errorMessage": foo, "rejectedLogRecords": 1, }';
+      const encoder = new TextEncoder();
+      const encodedResponse = encoder.encode(malformedResponse);
+      const deserializedResponse =
+        JsonMetricsSerializer.deserializeResponse(encodedResponse);
+
+      assert.deepEqual(
+        deserializedResponse,
+        {},
+        'Malformed response should result in an empty object being returned'
+      );
+    });
+
     it('does not throw when deserializing an empty response', () => {
       assert.doesNotThrow(() =>
         JsonMetricsSerializer.deserializeResponse(new Uint8Array([]))
diff --git a/experimental/packages/otlp-transformer/test/trace.test.ts b/experimental/packages/otlp-transformer/test/trace.test.ts
index ab45295f41d..7cba28820e5 100644
--- a/experimental/packages/otlp-transformer/test/trace.test.ts
+++ b/experimental/packages/otlp-transformer/test/trace.test.ts
@@ -586,6 +586,21 @@ describe('Trace', () => {
       );
     });
 
+    it('deserializes a malformed response', () => {
+      const malformedResponse =
+        '{ "partialSuccess": { "errorMessage": foo, "rejectedLogRecords": 1, }';
+      const encoder = new TextEncoder();
+      const encodedResponse = encoder.encode(malformedResponse);
+      const deserializedResponse =
+        JsonTraceSerializer.deserializeResponse(encodedResponse);
+
+      assert.deepEqual(
+        deserializedResponse,
+        {},
+        'Malformed response should result in an empty object being returned'
+      );
+    });
+
     it('does not throw when deserializing an empty response', () => {
       assert.doesNotThrow(() =>
         JsonTraceSerializer.deserializeResponse(new Uint8Array([]))