diff --git a/compiler/noirc_frontend/src/elaborator/path_resolution.rs b/compiler/noirc_frontend/src/elaborator/path_resolution.rs
index bae5908c31d..4c7bbeeff24 100644
--- a/compiler/noirc_frontend/src/elaborator/path_resolution.rs
+++ b/compiler/noirc_frontend/src/elaborator/path_resolution.rs
@@ -468,7 +468,11 @@ impl Elaborator<'_> {
             });
         }
 
-        let plain_or_crate = matches!(path.kind, PathKind::Plain | PathKind::Crate);
+        let first_segment_is_always_visible = match path.kind {
+            PathKind::Crate => true,
+            PathKind::Plain => importing_module == starting_module,
+            PathKind::Dep | PathKind::Super | PathKind::Resolved(_) => false,
+        };
 
         // The current module and module ID as we resolve path segments
         let mut current_module_id = starting_module;
@@ -551,7 +555,7 @@ impl Elaborator<'_> {
 
             // If the path is plain or crate, the first segment will always refer to
             // something that's visible from the current module.
-            if !((plain_or_crate && index == 0)
+            if !((first_segment_is_always_visible && index == 0)
                 || item_in_module_is_visible(
                     self.def_maps,
                     importing_module,
diff --git a/compiler/noirc_frontend/src/hir/resolution/import.rs b/compiler/noirc_frontend/src/hir/resolution/import.rs
index 65a761a8264..4514e07dae9 100644
--- a/compiler/noirc_frontend/src/hir/resolution/import.rs
+++ b/compiler/noirc_frontend/src/hir/resolution/import.rs
@@ -323,7 +323,11 @@ impl<'def_maps, 'usage_tracker, 'references_tracker>
             });
         }
 
-        let plain_or_crate = matches!(path.kind, PathKind::Plain | PathKind::Crate);
+        let first_segment_is_always_visible = match path.kind {
+            PathKind::Crate => true,
+            PathKind::Plain => self.importing_module == starting_module,
+            PathKind::Dep | PathKind::Super | PathKind::Resolved(_) => false,
+        };
 
         // The current module and module ID as we resolve path segments
         let mut current_module_id = starting_module;
@@ -375,9 +379,7 @@ impl<'def_maps, 'usage_tracker, 'references_tracker>
                 ModuleDefId::GlobalId(_) => panic!("globals cannot be in the type namespace"),
             };
 
-            // If the path is plain or crate, the first segment will always refer to
-            // something that's visible from the current module.
-            if !((plain_or_crate && index == 0)
+            if !((first_segment_is_always_visible && index == 0)
                 || self.item_in_module_is_visible(current_module_id, visibility))
             {
                 errors.push(PathResolutionError::Private(last_ident.clone()));
diff --git a/test_programs/benchmarks/semaphore_depth_10/Nargo.toml b/test_programs/benchmarks/semaphore_depth_10/Nargo.toml
index 459bc591f74..eda5c853c4e 100644
--- a/test_programs/benchmarks/semaphore_depth_10/Nargo.toml
+++ b/test_programs/benchmarks/semaphore_depth_10/Nargo.toml
@@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ type = "bin"
 authors = [""]
 
 [dependencies]
-ec = { git = "https://github.com/noir-lang/noir-edwards", tag = "v0.2.4" }
+ec = { git = "https://github.com/noir-lang/noir-edwards", tag = "v0.2.5" }
 poseidon = { git = "https://github.com/noir-lang/poseidon", tag = "v0.1.1" }
diff --git a/test_programs/benchmarks/semaphore_depth_10/src/main.nr b/test_programs/benchmarks/semaphore_depth_10/src/main.nr
index 1adea28695b..ff46aca0215 100644
--- a/test_programs/benchmarks/semaphore_depth_10/src/main.nr
+++ b/test_programs/benchmarks/semaphore_depth_10/src/main.nr
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 
 use ec::bjj::BabyJubJubParams;
 use ec::{Curve, CurveTrait};
-use ec::scalar_field::ScalarField;
-use std::field::bn254::assert_lt;
+use ec::ScalarField;
 use poseidon::poseidon::bn254::hash_2 as poseidon;
+use std::field::bn254::assert_lt;
 
 // The maximum depth of the Merkle Tree the inclusion proof will be coming from.
 // This value can get updated by overwriting this line.
@@ -83,4 +83,4 @@ fn main(
 
     // Return the calculated Merkle tree root & nullifier
     (node, nullifier)
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/test_programs/compile_failure/access_private_dependency_item/Nargo.toml b/test_programs/compile_failure/access_private_dependency_item/Nargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..eba87636939
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test_programs/compile_failure/access_private_dependency_item/Nargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+[package]
+name = "access_private_dependency_item"
+type = "bin"
+authors = [""]
+compiler_version = ">=0.33.0"
+
+[dependencies]
+foo = { path = "./foo" }
diff --git a/test_programs/compile_failure/access_private_dependency_item/foo/Nargo.toml b/test_programs/compile_failure/access_private_dependency_item/foo/Nargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8d73071b4c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test_programs/compile_failure/access_private_dependency_item/foo/Nargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+[package]
+name = "foo"
+type = "lib"
+authors = [""]
+compiler_version = ">=0.31.0"
diff --git a/test_programs/compile_failure/access_private_dependency_item/foo/src/lib.nr b/test_programs/compile_failure/access_private_dependency_item/foo/src/lib.nr
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..90b6006774d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test_programs/compile_failure/access_private_dependency_item/foo/src/lib.nr
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+mod bar {
+    pub fn baz() {}
+}
diff --git a/test_programs/compile_failure/access_private_dependency_item/src/main.nr b/test_programs/compile_failure/access_private_dependency_item/src/main.nr
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..53b8b6e75e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test_programs/compile_failure/access_private_dependency_item/src/main.nr
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+use foo::bar::baz;
+
+fn main() {
+    foo::bar::baz();
+    baz();
+}
diff --git a/tooling/nargo_cli/tests/snapshots/compile_failure/access_private_dependency_item/execute__tests__stderr.snap b/tooling/nargo_cli/tests/snapshots/compile_failure/access_private_dependency_item/execute__tests__stderr.snap
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4aa95b1673b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tooling/nargo_cli/tests/snapshots/compile_failure/access_private_dependency_item/execute__tests__stderr.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+---
+source: tooling/nargo_cli/tests/execute.rs
+expression: stderr
+---
+error: bar is private and not visible from the current module
+  ┌─ src/main.nr:1:10
+  │
+1 │ use foo::bar::baz;
+  │          --- bar is private
+  │
+
+error: bar is private and not visible from the current module
+  ┌─ src/main.nr:4:10
+  │
+4 │     foo::bar::baz();
+  │          --- bar is private
+  │
+
+Aborting due to 2 previous errors