diff --git a/lib/internal/test_runner/test.js b/lib/internal/test_runner/test.js
index 0755c42750ac87..d2be83364a0f6d 100644
--- a/lib/internal/test_runner/test.js
+++ b/lib/internal/test_runner/test.js
@@ -414,7 +414,11 @@ class Test extends AsyncResource {
       this.pass();
     } catch (err) {
       if (err?.code === 'ERR_TEST_FAILURE' && kIsNodeError in err) {
-        this.fail(err);
+        if (err.failureType === kTestTimeoutFailure) {
+          this.cancel(err);
+        } else {
+          this.fail(err);
+        }
       } else {
         this.fail(new ERR_TEST_FAILURE(err, kTestCodeFailure));
       }
diff --git a/test/message/test_runner_output.out b/test/message/test_runner_output.out
index 22d97940a36f9c..4e987f8e9f4b94 100644
--- a/test/message/test_runner_output.out
+++ b/test/message/test_runner_output.out
@@ -129,9 +129,9 @@ not ok 13 - async assertion fail
   failureType: 'testCodeFailure'
   error: |-
     Expected values to be strictly equal:
-
+    
     true !== false
-
+    
   code: 'ERR_ASSERTION'
   stack: |-
     *
@@ -607,8 +607,8 @@ not ok 61 - invalid subtest fail
 # Warning: Test "callback async throw after done" generated asynchronous activity after the test ended. This activity created the error "Error: thrown from callback async throw after done" and would have caused the test to fail, but instead triggered an uncaughtException event.
 # tests 61
 # pass 26
-# fail 20
-# cancelled 0
+# fail 18
+# cancelled 2
 # skipped 10
 # todo 5
 # duration_ms *
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-runner-misc.js b/test/parallel/test-runner-misc.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..34abaf5c120be3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/parallel/test-runner-misc.js
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+'use strict';
+const common = require('../common');
+const assert = require('assert');
+const { spawnSync } = require('child_process');
+const { setTimeout } = require('timers/promises');
+
+if (process.argv[2] === 'child') {
+  const test = require('node:test');
+
+  if (process.argv[3] === 'abortSignal') {
+    assert.throws(() => test({ signal: {} }), {
+      code: 'ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE',
+      name: 'TypeError'
+    });
+
+    let testSignal;
+    test({ timeout: 10 }, common.mustCall(async ({ signal }) => {
+      assert.strictEqual(signal.aborted, false);
+      testSignal = signal;
+      await setTimeout(50);
+    })).finally(common.mustCall(() => {
+      test(() => assert.strictEqual(testSignal.aborted, true));
+    }));
+  } else assert.fail('unreachable');
+} else {
+  const child = spawnSync(process.execPath, [__filename, 'child', 'abortSignal']);
+  const stdout = child.stdout.toString();
+  assert.match(stdout, /^# pass 1$/m);
+  assert.match(stdout, /^# fail 0$/m);
+  assert.match(stdout, /^# cancelled 1$/m);
+  assert.strictEqual(child.status, 1);
+  assert.strictEqual(child.signal, null);
+}