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‎ADC_talk/ADC_talk.tex

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\documentclass{beamer}
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%\usecolortheme{dove} %Make title black
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\usepackage{graphicx} % Allows including images
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\usepackage{booktabs} % Allows the use of \toprule, \midrule and \bottomrule in tables
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%\usepackage{siunitx} %Use SI unit formatting
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%\sisetup{range-phrase=--}
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%Bold command
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%\newcommand\SEC[1]{\textbf{\uppercase{#1}}}
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\usepackage{pifont}% http://ctan.org/pkg/pifont
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\newcommand{\cmark}{\ding{51}}%
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\newcommand{\xmark}{\ding{55}}%
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%\usepackage{siunitx} %Use SI unit formatting
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%For drawing beam line
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\include{tikz}
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\usetikzlibrary{shapes.misc}
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\usetikzlibrary{shapes,arrows,decorations.markings,shadows,positioning}
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%Adjust width of slide
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\newcommand\Wider[2][3em]{%
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\makebox[\linewidth][c]{%
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\begin{minipage}{\dimexpr\textwidth+#1\relax}
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\raggedright#2
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\end{minipage}%
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}%
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}
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\include{header}
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\usebackgroundtemplate{\includegraphics[width=\paperwidth]{NormalANLMaroon}}
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\title[PSI Talk]{Optimization of the AWA Drive Linac}
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\author[Speaker]{Nicole Neveu}
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\subtitle{}
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\institute[ANL/IIT]{Argonne National Laboratory\\Illinois Institute of Technology}
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\date{\today}
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\logo{%
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\makebox[0.95\paperwidth]{%
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%\includegraphics[width=3cm,keepaspectratio]{IIT_logo}%
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\hfill%
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\includegraphics[width=3cm,keepaspectratio]{IIT_logo_blk}%
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}%
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}
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\setbeamertemplate{navigation symbols}{}
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%------------------------------------------------------
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\begin{document}
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\setbeamertemplate{footline}{}
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{
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\usebackgroundtemplate{\includegraphics[width=\paperwidth]{TitleANLMaroon}}
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\logo{%
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\makebox[0.95\paperwidth]{%
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\includegraphics[width=3cm,keepaspectratio]{IIT_logo}%
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\hfill%
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%\includegraphics[width=3cm,keepaspectratio]{IIT_logo_blk}%
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}%
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}
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\frame{\titlepage}
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}
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\setbeamertemplate{footline}[page number]{}
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% FRAME: overview
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Outline}
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\tableofcontents
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\end{frame}
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% ========================================
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% main slides come here
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% ========================================
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\section{Optimization Introduction}
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%\begin{frame}
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% \frametitle{Before we start ...}
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%\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}[plain]
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\frametitle{Optimization Introduction}
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\Wider[4em]{
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\setlength{\leftmargin}{0.1cm}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item{Why use optimization?}\\
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\begin{itemize}
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%\item{\underline{\textbf{Drive Line}}: $Cs_2Te$ cathode, 6 linac cavities}
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\item{Reduce the number of simulations needed}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item{Eliminate brute force simulations}
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\item{i.e. scanning parameters one by one}
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\item{This is not efficient when many variables can change} \\
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\end{itemize}
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%\item{\underline{\textbf{Witness Line}}: $Mg$ cathode, 1 lin}
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\item{Get better beam parameters} \\
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\item{Try to understand the parameter space better}
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\end{itemize}
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\end{itemize}
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}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Optimization Introduction}
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So, what is an optimization algorithm?
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\begin{itemize}
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\item{Similar to coding definition of algorithm.}
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\item{Set of rules that determines which points are good based on math.
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Each point is compared to other points, and you have to pick what you want to optimize.}
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\item{What you want to optimize = "objectives"}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item{in optimization terminology}
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\end{itemize}
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\item{Genetic Algorithms are commonly used in accelerator physics}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item{Gwanghui, Borland, OPAL people, etc.}
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\end{itemize}
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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%--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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\section{Types of Optimization Algorithms}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Genetic Algorithms}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item{Based on biology and nature}
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\item{This method is close to random sampling (IMO)}
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\item{In general the steps are:}
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\begin{enumerate}
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\item{Do initial random sample, this is initial "population"}
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\item{Choose best points w.r.t objectives}
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\item{"Breed" best points (mix their input parameters)}
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\item{Do another set of simulations with the new "generation"}
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\item{Repeat for many generations }
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\end{enumerate}
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\end{itemize}
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\vspace*{-\baselineskip}
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\begin{center}
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\includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{ga}
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\end{center}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Model Based Algorithms}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item These methods try to use information about the problem instead of random sampling.
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\item For the IPAC paper, we used a method called BOBYQA:
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Bounded Optimization BY Quadratic Approximation
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\begin{enumerate}
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\item The initial sample is N+1 points (where N is number of variables)
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\item The objectives are found for those points
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\item A quadratic is built using the objective values
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\item The next point is chosen by trying to minimize the objective
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\item This process is repeated until convergence criteria met
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\end{enumerate}
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\item Let's look at an AWA example....
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\end{itemize}
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\end{itemize}
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\vspace*{-\baselineskip}
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\begin{center}
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\includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{bobyqa}
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\end{center}
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\end{frame}
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%--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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\section{Initial OPAL and Python Optimization Results}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Initial Optimization Work (Linac only)}
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\Wider[4em]{
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\begin{minipage}{0.6\textwidth}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item{Determine what emittance and bunch length we can expect from the linac}
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\item{Understand beam at entrance of quads}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item After $L_6$: $z_1=12.51$ m
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\end{itemize}
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\item{Used pre-packaged algorithm BOBYQA}
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\item{Varied 10 parameters:}
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\end{itemize}
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\end{minipage}%
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\begin{minipage}{0.4\textwidth}
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\def \gunleft {-1.0}
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\def \gunright {0.3}
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\def \loneright {1.0}
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\def \ltworight {2.0}
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\def \lthreeright {3.0}
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\def \lfourright {4.0}
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\def \lfiveright {5.0}
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\def \lsixright {6.0}
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\centering
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\begin{center}
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\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.55]%,use optics
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%Gun drawings
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\draw[fill=orange, very thick, rounded corners =0.1cm] (\gunleft,0.5)rectangle (\gunright,1.5) node[pos=.5, white] {\textbf{Gun}} ;
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%S1
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\node[] at (-1.3,2.9) {$S_1$};
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\draw[ultra thick, fill=black!60!green] (-1.4,-0.5)rectangle (-1.0,0.5) node[pos=.5, white] {} ;
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\draw[black, ultra thick] (-1.4,-0.5) -- (-1.0,0.5);
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\draw[black, ultra thick] (-1.4,0.5) -- (-1.0,-0.5);
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\draw[ultra thick, fill=black!60!green] (-1.4,1.5)rectangle (-1.0,2.5) node[pos=.5, white] {} ;
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\draw[black, ultra thick] (-1.4,1.5) -- (-1.0,2.5);
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\draw[black, ultra thick] (-1.4,2.5) -- (-1.0,1.5);
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%S2
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\node[] at (-0.8,2.9) {$S_2$};
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\draw[ultra thick, fill=black!60!green] (-1.0,-0.5)rectangle (-0.6,0.5) node[pos=.5, white] {} ;
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\draw[black, ultra thick] (-1.0,-0.5) -- (-0.6,0.5);
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\draw[black, ultra thick] (-1.0,0.5) -- (-0.6,-0.5);
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\draw[ultra thick, fill=black!60!green] (-1.0,1.5)rectangle (-0.6,2.5) node[pos=.5, white] {} ;
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\draw[black, ultra thick] (-1.0,1.5) -- (-0.6,2.5);
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\draw[black, ultra thick] (-1.0,2.5) -- (-0.6,1.5);
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%S3
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\node[] at (0.2,2.9) {$S_3$};
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\draw[ultra thick, fill=black!60!green] (-0.1,-0.5) rectangle (0.3,0.5) node[pos=.5, white] {};
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\draw[black, ultra thick] (-0.1,-0.5) -- (0.3,0.5);
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\draw[black, ultra thick] (-0.1,0.5) -- (0.3,-0.5);
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\draw[ultra thick, fill=black!60!green] (-0.1,1.5) rectangle (0.3,2.5) node[pos=.5, white] {};
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\draw[black, ultra thick] (-0.1,1.5) -- (0.3,2.5);
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\draw[black, ultra thick] (-0.1,2.5) -- (0.3,1.5);
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%Linac drawings
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\draw[fill=blue, ultra thick, rounded corners =0.1cm] (\loneright,0)rectangle ({\loneright+0.84},2) node[pos=.5, white] {$L_1$} ;
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\draw[fill=blue, ultra thick, rounded corners =0.1cm] (\ltworight,0)rectangle ({\ltworight+0.84},2) node[pos=.5, white] {$L_2$};
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\draw[fill=blue, ultra thick, rounded corners =0.1cm] (\lthreeright,0)rectangle ({\lthreeright+0.84},2) node[pos=.5, white] {$L_3$};
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\draw[fill=blue, ultra thick, rounded corners =0.1cm] (\lfourright,0)rectangle ({\lfourright+0.84},2) node[pos=.5, white] {$L_4$};
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\draw[fill=blue, ultra thick, rounded corners =0.1cm] (\lfiveright,0)rectangle ({\lfiveright+0.84},2) node[pos=.5, white] {$L_5$};
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\draw[fill=blue, ultra thick, rounded corners =0.1cm] (\lsixright,0)rectangle ({\lsixright+0.84},2) node[pos=.5, white] {$L_6$};
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\end{tikzpicture}
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\end{center}
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\end{minipage}%
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\begin{center}
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\setcounter{mpfootnote}{\value{footnote}}%
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\renewcommand{\thempfootnote}{\arabic{mpfootnote}}%
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\begin{tabular}{ l *{3}{c}}
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%\toprule
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\textbf{Variable} & \textbf{Range} & \textbf{Unit} \\
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\midrule
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Solenoid Strength & $ 0 \le S_3 \le 440$ & amps \\
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Phase of Gun & $-60 \le \phi_g \le 60$ & degrees \\
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Laser Radius & $0.1 \le R \le 30$ & mm \\
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Laser FWHM & $2 \le T \le $10 & ps \\
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Cavity Phase & $-20 \le \phi_L \le 20$\footnote[1]{$\phi_L=[\phi_{L_1},\ldots,\phi_{L_6}]$} & degrees
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%\bottomrule
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\end{tabular}
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\end{center}
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}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Linac Optimization}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item{1,000 point sample was done}
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\item{132 simulations completed w/o error}
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\item{Scaled and shifted raw values to remove unit dependence}
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\end{itemize}
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\begin{align*}
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\bar{\epsilon}_x (v,z_1) = \frac{ \epsilon_x (v,z_1) - \epsilon_{\min} } { \epsilon_{\max} - \epsilon_{\min} }
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\end{align*}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item{Used 11 weights from 0-1}
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\item Code: w = np.arange(0, 1.1, 0.1)
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Linac Optimization}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item{Solved 11 optimization problems $f(v,w)$ using BOBYQA}
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\item i.e. The minimum f(v,w) values were used as starting points for BOBYQA optimization runs.
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\item v = 10 optimization variable from table below
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\end{itemize}
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\begin{gather*}
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w\in\left\{ 0, 0.1, \ldots, 1 \right\}\\ \\
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f(v,w) = w \,\bar{\epsilon}_x(v,z_1) + (1-w)\, \bar{\sigma}_z(v,z_1)
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\end{gather*}
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\begin{center}
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\setcounter{mpfootnote}{\value{footnote}}%
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\renewcommand{\thempfootnote}{\arabic{mpfootnote}}%
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\begin{tabular}{ l *{3}{c}}
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%\toprule
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\textbf{Variable} & \textbf{Range} & \textbf{Unit} \\
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\midrule
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Solenoid Strength & $ 0 \le S_3 \le 440$ & amps \\
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Phase of Gun & $-60 \le \phi_g \le 60$ & degrees \\
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Laser Radius & $0.1 \le R \le 30$ & mm \\
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Laser FWHM & $2 \le T \le $10 & ps \\
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Cavity Phase & $-20 \le \phi_L \le 20$ & degrees
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%\bottomrule
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\end{tabular}
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\end{center}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{BOBYQA Results}
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Progress during each BOBYQA run
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\includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{../psi_talk/THPAB155f2}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Calculating the Pareto Front}
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\textbf{Pareto Front:} the set of parameters for which
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no other point exists that is better with respect to both objectives.
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Steps to calculate this is basically the same as previous starting points: \\
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\begin{enumerate}
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\item Gather all data from optimization runs and sample
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\item Create finer weight array (i.e. w = np.arange(0, 1.1, 0.001))
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\item Minimize $f(v,w)$ again with finer weights
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\item Plot min points w.r.t $f(v,w)$
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\end{enumerate}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Approximate Pareto Front}
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\centering
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Trade off between emittance and bunch length
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\includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{../psi_talk/THPAB155f1}
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\end{frame}
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\section{Look at Code}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Look at the code...}
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If time permits, let's look at the following in python:
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Random sample
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\item Bobyqa runs
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\item Plotting Pareto Front
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\huge Thanks for your time!!\\
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\vskip12pt
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Backup: Optimized Gun Results}
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\includegraphics[width=1.0\textwidth]{../psi_talk/THPAB155f3}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Code Features}
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\begin{table}
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\begin{minipage}{\textwidth}
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\begin{center}
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\setcounter{mpfootnote}{\value{footnote}}%
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\renewcommand{\thempfootnote}{\arabic{mpfootnote}}%
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\begin{tabular}{l c c c}
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\toprule
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\textbf{Feature} & \textbf{ASTRA} & \textbf{GPT} & \textbf{OPAL}\\
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\midrule
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Windows & \cmark & \cmark & \xmark \\
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Mac & \cmark & \cmark & \cmark \\
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Linux & \cmark & \cmark & \cmark \\
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Open Source & \xmark & \alert \xmark & \color{black!30!green}\cmark \\
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Parallel & \alert \xmark\footnote[1]{A parallel version is available at DESY} & \alert \xmark & \color{black!30!green}\cmark \\
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Autophase & \cmark & \xmark & \cmark \\
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Adaptive Time Step & \xmark & \cmark & \xmark \\
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3D Space Charge & \cmark & \cmark & \cmark \\
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Wakefields & \cmark & \xmark\footnote[2]{In house module was written at AWA\label{note2}} & \color{black!30!green}\cmark \\
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CSR & \alert \xmark & \xmark\textsuperscript{\ref{note2}} & \color{black!30!green}\cmark \\
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\bottomrule
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\end{tabular}
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%\caption{Table caption}
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\end{center}
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\end{minipage}
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\end{table}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Links for pictures}
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Listed in the order they appear:
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\begin{itemize}
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\item GA: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1302.2889.pdf
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\item BOBYQA: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BOBYQA
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\item
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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\end{document}
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