【教程】Jmeter工具使用实例01：取爱奇艺剧集全集信息

[nilaoda]

Jmeter 简介

Jmeter是一个非常出名的，Java开发的跨平台压力测试工具，能够可视化的完成复杂的测试需求，今天我们用它在Windows10平台用GUI模式来完成比较复杂的操作。

下载

由于Jmeter基于JAVA，请用户自行下载JDK8以上的JDK以运行Jmeter。

安装完成后，在cmd中输入java -version验证

JDK准备就绪后，下载Jmeter，https://jmeter.apache.org/download_jmeter.cgi

需求

现有网页 https://www.iqiyi.com/v_2ffkws0bgr0.html 和接口 https://pcw-api.iqiyi.com/albums/album/avlistinfo?aid={aid}&page=1&size=100，需要通过一集获取到全集的信息简介并写入本地文件。

开始使用

下载完毕后，解压apache-jmeter-5.4.zip并进入bin目录，之后双击jmeter.bat即可打开Jmeter。

注意： 控制台(黑窗口)不要关闭

进入后，点击 Options - Choose Language - Chinese (Simplified)

创建项目

创建新项目，起个名字，然后Ctrl+S保存

创建线程组

右键新建一个线程组

导入HTTP请求

随便打开爱奇艺一集，例如 https://www.iqiyi.com/v_2ffkws0bgr0.html ，按下F12，打开开发者工具并切换到Network选项卡并刷新网页，在最上面的请求右键并复制cURL命令(Bash)

随后在Jmeter中，点击 工具 - Import from cURL

将刚才的命令粘贴进去并点击创建即可

这样就在左侧多了一个HTTP Request节点

在线程组节点右键添加一个察看结果树，先测试能否正常获取到源代码。（记得随时Ctrl+S保存项目）

点击开始执行按钮

在查看结果树中可以看到能够正常获取网页内容

注：为了明确需求，我将上文中的HTTP Request修改为了获取网页源代码

正则表达式提取剧集ID

既然是处理请求后的内容，我们创建一个后置正则表达式提取器，用于在请求结束后提取响应内容

我们需要提取的是 albumId，正则表达式为albumid.*"(\d+)

如图填写相应内容

其中：

• 引用名称 可用于在之后的节点引用此变量
• 模板写$1$ 意为提取正则表达式匹配结果的第一组的值（即括号里的内容）
• 匹配数字 代表使用第几个匹配

为了测试是否能正确匹配，添加一个调试取样器（添加 - 取样器 - 调试取样器）并执行一遍，在察看结果树中查看调试取样器响应

请求API接口

如法炮制，新建一个HTTP请求

注意： 在路径中使用了${albumid}来替换参数

执行测试并在察看结果树看能否正常返回（切换为JSON Path Tester更方便查看）

解析接口内容

先请求接口的节点添加一个JSON提取器备用

返回刚才的察看结果树，先测试一下我们的JSON表达式提取标题 data.epsodelist[*].shortTitle，其中*是获取全部数组结果。

然后测试提取简介data.epsodelist[*].description

两个表达式都没问题，返回JSON提取器，开始设置变量

其中：

• Names of created variables 可用于在之后的节点引用此变量
• JSON Path expressions 可以写JSON表达式，由于我们需要提取两种信息，所以需要用;隔开
• Match No 使用-1代表匹配全部结果
• Default Values 用于没有匹配的默认值

还是先测试一下子

到这里已经成功取到我们需要的信息，接下来就是保存为本地文件了。

写出文件

这里需要写一点点简单易懂的Java代码来保存文件咯

首先添加一个BeanShell后置处理器，修改名字

代码如下：

String file = "C:/Users/nilao/Desktop/111/tmp/" + vars.get("albumid") + ".csv";
FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(file, true); //true 追加
BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(fw);

for(int i = 1; i <= Integer.valueOf(vars.get("thisDescs_matchNr")); i++) {
	bw.write(vars.get("thisTitles_" + i) + "\n");
	bw.write(vars.get("thisDescs_" + i) + "\n");
	bw.write("\n");
}

bw.close();
fw.close();

此处使用vars.get("albumid")相当于上文中${albumid}

最终文件

优化

为了方便控制，可以在最顶层添加变量供后续调用

将BeanShell代码第一行修改为

String file = vars.get("savePath") + vars.get("albumid") + ".csv";

将获取网页源代码也对应修改为取变量的形式

完整JMX文件

点击展开

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<jmeterTestPlan version="1.2" properties="5.0" jmeter="5.4">
  <hashTree>
    <TestPlan guiclass="TestPlanGui" testclass="TestPlan" testname="爱奇艺获取全集信息" enabled="true">
      <stringProp name="TestPlan.comments"></stringProp>
      <boolProp name="TestPlan.functional_mode">false</boolProp>
      <boolProp name="TestPlan.tearDown_on_shutdown">true</boolProp>
      <boolProp name="TestPlan.serialize_threadgroups">false</boolProp>
      <elementProp name="TestPlan.user_defined_variables" elementType="Arguments" guiclass="ArgumentsPanel" testclass="Arguments" testname="User Defined Variables" enabled="true">
        <collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments">
          <elementProp name="savePath" elementType="Argument">
            <stringProp name="Argument.name">savePath</stringProp>
            <stringProp name="Argument.value">C:/Users/nilao/Desktop/111/tmp/</stringProp>
            <stringProp name="Argument.metadata">=</stringProp>
          </elementProp>
          <elementProp name="url" elementType="Argument">
            <stringProp name="Argument.name">url</stringProp>
            <stringProp name="Argument.value">https://www.iqiyi.com/v_2ffkws0bgr0.html</stringProp>
            <stringProp name="Argument.metadata">=</stringProp>
          </elementProp>
        </collectionProp>
      </elementProp>
      <stringProp name="TestPlan.user_define_classpath"></stringProp>
    </TestPlan>
    <hashTree>
      <ThreadGroup guiclass="ThreadGroupGui" testclass="ThreadGroup" testname="线程组" enabled="true">
        <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.on_sample_error">continue</stringProp>
        <elementProp name="ThreadGroup.main_controller" elementType="LoopController" guiclass="LoopControlPanel" testclass="LoopController" testname="循环控制器" enabled="true">
          <boolProp name="LoopController.continue_forever">false</boolProp>
          <stringProp name="LoopController.loops">1</stringProp>
        </elementProp>
        <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.num_threads">1</stringProp>
        <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.ramp_time">1</stringProp>
        <boolProp name="ThreadGroup.scheduler">false</boolProp>
        <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.duration"></stringProp>
        <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.delay"></stringProp>
        <boolProp name="ThreadGroup.same_user_on_next_iteration">true</boolProp>
      </ThreadGroup>
      <hashTree>
        <HTTPSamplerProxy guiclass="HttpTestSampleGui" testclass="HTTPSamplerProxy" testname="获取网页源代码" enabled="true">
          <elementProp name="HTTPsampler.Arguments" elementType="Arguments" guiclass="HTTPArgumentsPanel" testclass="Arguments" enabled="true">
            <collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments"/>
          </elementProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.domain"></stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.port"></stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.protocol">https</stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.contentEncoding"></stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.path">${url}</stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.method">GET</stringProp>
          <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.follow_redirects">true</boolProp>
          <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.auto_redirects">false</boolProp>
          <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.use_keepalive">true</boolProp>
          <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.DO_MULTIPART_POST">false</boolProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.embedded_url_re"></stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.implementation">HttpClient4</stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.connect_timeout"></stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.response_timeout"></stringProp>
          <stringProp name="TestPlan.comments">Created from cURL on 2020-12-28T21:28:29.389</stringProp>
        </HTTPSamplerProxy>
        <hashTree>
          <HeaderManager guiclass="HeaderPanel" testclass="HeaderManager" testname="HTTP HeaderManager" enabled="true">
            <collectionProp name="HeaderManager.headers">
              <elementProp name="authority" elementType="Header">
                <stringProp name="Header.name">authority</stringProp>
                <stringProp name="Header.value">www.iqiyi.com</stringProp>
              </elementProp>
              <elementProp name="pragma" elementType="Header">
                <stringProp name="Header.name">pragma</stringProp>
                <stringProp name="Header.value">no-cache</stringProp>
              </elementProp>
              <elementProp name="cache-control" elementType="Header">
                <stringProp name="Header.name">cache-control</stringProp>
                <stringProp name="Header.value">no-cache</stringProp>
              </elementProp>
              <elementProp name="upgrade-insecure-requests" elementType="Header">
                <stringProp name="Header.name">upgrade-insecure-requests</stringProp>
                <stringProp name="Header.value">1</stringProp>
              </elementProp>
              <elementProp name="user-agent" elementType="Header">
                <stringProp name="Header.name">user-agent</stringProp>
                <stringProp name="Header.value">Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/78.0.3904.108 Safari/537.36</stringProp>
              </elementProp>
              <elementProp name="sec-fetch-user" elementType="Header">
                <stringProp name="Header.name">sec-fetch-user</stringProp>
                <stringProp name="Header.value">?1</stringProp>
              </elementProp>
              <elementProp name="accept" elementType="Header">
                <stringProp name="Header.name">accept</stringProp>
                <stringProp name="Header.value">text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3</stringProp>
              </elementProp>
              <elementProp name="sec-fetch-site" elementType="Header">
                <stringProp name="Header.name">sec-fetch-site</stringProp>
                <stringProp name="Header.value">none</stringProp>
              </elementProp>
              <elementProp name="sec-fetch-mode" elementType="Header">
                <stringProp name="Header.name">sec-fetch-mode</stringProp>
                <stringProp name="Header.value">navigate</stringProp>
              </elementProp>
              <elementProp name="accept-encoding" elementType="Header">
                <stringProp name="Header.name">accept-encoding</stringProp>
                <stringProp name="Header.value">gzip, deflate, br</stringProp>
              </elementProp>
              <elementProp name="accept-language" elementType="Header">
                <stringProp name="Header.name">accept-language</stringProp>
                <stringProp name="Header.value">zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7</stringProp>
              </elementProp>
            </collectionProp>
            <stringProp name="TestPlan.comments">Created from cURL on 2020-12-28T21:28:29.389</stringProp>
          </HeaderManager>
          <hashTree/>
          <RegexExtractor guiclass="RegexExtractorGui" testclass="RegexExtractor" testname="正则表达式提取器" enabled="true">
            <stringProp name="RegexExtractor.useHeaders">false</stringProp>
            <stringProp name="RegexExtractor.refname">albumid</stringProp>
            <stringProp name="RegexExtractor.regex">albumid.*&quot;(\d+)</stringProp>
            <stringProp name="RegexExtractor.template">$1$</stringProp>
            <stringProp name="RegexExtractor.default"></stringProp>
            <stringProp name="RegexExtractor.match_number">1</stringProp>
            <boolProp name="RegexExtractor.default_empty_value">true</boolProp>
          </RegexExtractor>
          <hashTree/>
        </hashTree>
        <HTTPSamplerProxy guiclass="HttpTestSampleGui" testclass="HTTPSamplerProxy" testname="请求接口" enabled="true">
          <elementProp name="HTTPsampler.Arguments" elementType="Arguments" guiclass="HTTPArgumentsPanel" testclass="Arguments" enabled="true">
            <collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments"/>
          </elementProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.domain">pcw-api.iqiyi.com</stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.port"></stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.protocol">https</stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.contentEncoding"></stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.path">/albums/album/avlistinfo?aid=${albumid}&amp;page=1&amp;size=100</stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.method">GET</stringProp>
          <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.follow_redirects">true</boolProp>
          <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.auto_redirects">false</boolProp>
          <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.use_keepalive">true</boolProp>
          <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.DO_MULTIPART_POST">false</boolProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.embedded_url_re"></stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.implementation">HttpClient4</stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.connect_timeout"></stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.response_timeout"></stringProp>
          <stringProp name="TestPlan.comments">Created from cURL on 2020-12-28T22:43:23.224</stringProp>
        </HTTPSamplerProxy>
        <hashTree>
          <HeaderManager guiclass="HeaderPanel" testclass="HeaderManager" testname="HTTP HeaderManager" enabled="true">
            <collectionProp name="HeaderManager.headers">
              <elementProp name="authority" elementType="Header">
                <stringProp name="Header.name">authority</stringProp>
                <stringProp name="Header.value">pcw-api.iqiyi.com</stringProp>
              </elementProp>
              <elementProp name="pragma" elementType="Header">
                <stringProp name="Header.name">pragma</stringProp>
                <stringProp name="Header.value">no-cache</stringProp>
              </elementProp>
              <elementProp name="cache-control" elementType="Header">
                <stringProp name="Header.name">cache-control</stringProp>
                <stringProp name="Header.value">no-cache</stringProp>
              </elementProp>
              <elementProp name="upgrade-insecure-requests" elementType="Header">
                <stringProp name="Header.name">upgrade-insecure-requests</stringProp>
                <stringProp name="Header.value">1</stringProp>
              </elementProp>
              <elementProp name="user-agent" elementType="Header">
                <stringProp name="Header.name">user-agent</stringProp>
                <stringProp name="Header.value">Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/78.0.3904.108 Safari/537.36</stringProp>
              </elementProp>
              <elementProp name="sec-fetch-user" elementType="Header">
                <stringProp name="Header.name">sec-fetch-user</stringProp>
                <stringProp name="Header.value">?1</stringProp>
              </elementProp>
              <elementProp name="accept" elementType="Header">
                <stringProp name="Header.name">accept</stringProp>
                <stringProp name="Header.value">text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3</stringProp>
              </elementProp>
              <elementProp name="sec-fetch-site" elementType="Header">
                <stringProp name="Header.name">sec-fetch-site</stringProp>
                <stringProp name="Header.value">none</stringProp>
              </elementProp>
              <elementProp name="sec-fetch-mode" elementType="Header">
                <stringProp name="Header.name">sec-fetch-mode</stringProp>
                <stringProp name="Header.value">navigate</stringProp>
              </elementProp>
              <elementProp name="accept-encoding" elementType="Header">
                <stringProp name="Header.name">accept-encoding</stringProp>
                <stringProp name="Header.value">gzip, deflate, br</stringProp>
              </elementProp>
              <elementProp name="accept-language" elementType="Header">
                <stringProp name="Header.name">accept-language</stringProp>
                <stringProp name="Header.value">zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7</stringProp>
              </elementProp>
            </collectionProp>
            <stringProp name="TestPlan.comments">Created from cURL on 2020-12-28T22:43:23.224</stringProp>
          </HeaderManager>
          <hashTree/>
          <JSONPostProcessor guiclass="JSONPostProcessorGui" testclass="JSONPostProcessor" testname="JSON提取器" enabled="true">
            <stringProp name="JSONPostProcessor.referenceNames">thisTitles;thisDescs</stringProp>
            <stringProp name="JSONPostProcessor.jsonPathExprs">data.epsodelist[*].shortTitle;data.epsodelist[*].description</stringProp>
            <stringProp name="JSONPostProcessor.match_numbers">-1;-1</stringProp>
            <stringProp name="JSONPostProcessor.defaultValues">0;0</stringProp>
          </JSONPostProcessor>
          <hashTree/>
          <BeanShellPostProcessor guiclass="TestBeanGUI" testclass="BeanShellPostProcessor" testname="写入文件" enabled="true">
            <stringProp name="filename"></stringProp>
            <stringProp name="parameters"></stringProp>
            <boolProp name="resetInterpreter">false</boolProp>
            <stringProp name="script">String file = vars.get(&quot;savePath&quot;) + vars.get(&quot;albumid&quot;) + &quot;.csv&quot;;
FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(file, true); //true 追加
BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(fw);

for(int i = 1; i &lt;= Integer.valueOf(vars.get(&quot;thisDescs_matchNr&quot;)); i++) {
	bw.write(vars.get(&quot;thisTitles_&quot; + i) + &quot;\n&quot;);
	bw.write(vars.get(&quot;thisDescs_&quot; + i) + &quot;\n&quot;);
	bw.write(&quot;\n&quot;);
}

bw.close();
fw.close();</stringProp>
          </BeanShellPostProcessor>
          <hashTree/>
        </hashTree>
        <DebugSampler guiclass="TestBeanGUI" testclass="DebugSampler" testname="调试取样器" enabled="true">
          <boolProp name="displayJMeterProperties">false</boolProp>
          <boolProp name="displayJMeterVariables">true</boolProp>
          <boolProp name="displaySystemProperties">false</boolProp>
        </DebugSampler>
        <hashTree/>
        <ResultCollector guiclass="ViewResultsFullVisualizer" testclass="ResultCollector" testname="察看结果树" enabled="true">
          <boolProp name="ResultCollector.error_logging">false</boolProp>
          <objProp>
            <name>saveConfig</name>
            <value class="SampleSaveConfiguration">
              <time>true</time>
              <latency>true</latency>
              <timestamp>true</timestamp>
              <success>true</success>
              <label>true</label>
              <code>true</code>
              <message>true</message>
              <threadName>true</threadName>
              <dataType>true</dataType>
              <encoding>false</encoding>
              <assertions>true</assertions>
              <subresults>true</subresults>
              <responseData>false</responseData>
              <samplerData>false</samplerData>
              <xml>false</xml>
              <fieldNames>true</fieldNames>
              <responseHeaders>false</responseHeaders>
              <requestHeaders>false</requestHeaders>
              <responseDataOnError>false</responseDataOnError>
              <saveAssertionResultsFailureMessage>true</saveAssertionResultsFailureMessage>
              <assertionsResultsToSave>0</assertionsResultsToSave>
              <bytes>true</bytes>
              <sentBytes>true</sentBytes>
              <url>true</url>
              <threadCounts>true</threadCounts>
              <idleTime>true</idleTime>
              <connectTime>true</connectTime>
            </value>
          </objProp>
          <stringProp name="filename"></stringProp>
        </ResultCollector>
        <hashTree/>
      </hashTree>
    </hashTree>
  </hashTree>
</jmeterTestPlan>

[xhlove]

有看了文章还不懂的，可以看这个实践视频

点此

[Conquery]

目前这个方法好像不大行了，是不是因为爱奇艺修改了策略

[Conquery]

1.返回值：
JMeterVariables:
JMeterThread.last_sample_ok=true
JMeterThread.pack=org.apache.jmeter.threads.SamplePackage@1b60ae85
START.HMS=140232
START.MS=1703224952636
START.YMD=20231222
TESTSTART.MS=1703225012759
__jm__线程组__idx=0
jmeter.U_T=线程组 1-1
__jmv_SAME_USER=true
albumid=0
albumid_g=1
albumid_g0=albumid":252449101,"albumId":252449101,"channelID":2,"components":"feffffe6e2d098","isMember":false,"isNew":true,"qiyiProduced":true,"exclusive":true,"origin":"flash","collectionID":"","pagev":"pcw_playpage","autoplay":true,"cyclePlay":false,"isLoop":false,"isSource":false,"usevr":"false","showPcaItem":true,"ppt":"0","interactionType":"-1","isEnabledInteraction":"0
albumid_g1=0
savePath=C:/Users/nilao/Desktop/111/tmp/
thisDescs=0
thisDescs_matchNr=0
thisTitles=0
thisTitles_matchNr=0
url=https://www.iqiyi.com/v_2ffkws0bgr0.html

2.{"code":"A00001","data":"参数错误","errMsg":"controller/album/albums - avlistInfo"}