diff --git a/src/Framework/Environment.php b/src/Framework/Environment.php
index 150b14b4..3315d28e 100644
--- a/src/Framework/Environment.php
+++ b/src/Framework/Environment.php
@@ -213,17 +213,26 @@ public static function bypassFinals(): void
 	public static function loadData(): array
 	{
 		if (isset($_SERVER['argv']) && ($tmp = preg_filter('#--dataprovider=(.*)#Ai', '$1', $_SERVER['argv']))) {
-			[$query, $file] = explode('|', reset($tmp), 2);
-
-		} else {
-			$annotations = self::getTestAnnotations();
-			if (!isset($annotations['dataprovider'])) {
-				throw new \Exception('Missing annotation @dataProvider.');
+			[$key, $file] = explode('|', reset($tmp), 2);
+			$data = DataProvider::load($file);
+			if (!array_key_exists($key, $data)) {
+				throw new \Exception("Missing dataset '$key' from data provider '$file'.");
 			}
-			$provider = (array) $annotations['dataprovider'];
-			[$file, $query] = DataProvider::parseAnnotation($provider[0], $annotations['file']);
+			return $data[$key];
+		}
+
+		$annotations = self::getTestAnnotations();
+		if (!isset($annotations['dataprovider'])) {
+			throw new \Exception('Missing annotation @dataProvider.');
 		}
+		$provider = (array) $annotations['dataprovider'];
+		[$file, $query] = DataProvider::parseAnnotation($provider[0], $annotations['file']);
+
 		$data = DataProvider::load($file, $query);
+		if (!$data) {
+			throw new \Exception("No datasets from data provider '$file'" . ($query ? " for query '$query'" : '') . '.');
+		}
+
 		return reset($data);
 	}
 
diff --git a/tests/Framework/Environment.loadData.phpt b/tests/Framework/Environment.loadData.phpt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a106d2b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Framework/Environment.loadData.phpt
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+use Tester\Assert;
+use Tester\Environment;
+
+require __DIR__ . '/../bootstrap.php';
+
+$key = count($_SERVER['argv']);
+$file = realpath(__DIR__ . '/fixtures/dataprovider.ini');
+
+
+test(function () use ($key, $file) {
+	$_SERVER['argv'][$key] = "--dataprovider=0|$file";
+	Assert::same(['dataset-0'], Environment::loadData());
+
+	$_SERVER['argv'][$key] = "--dataprovider=1|$file";
+	Assert::same(['dataset-1'], Environment::loadData());
+
+	$_SERVER['argv'][$key] = "--dataprovider=foo|$file";
+	Assert::same(['dataset-foo'], Environment::loadData());
+
+	$_SERVER['argv'][$key] = "--dataprovider=bar 1|$file";
+	Assert::same(['dataset-bar-1'], Environment::loadData());
+
+	$_SERVER['argv'][$key] = "--dataprovider=bar 2|$file";
+	Assert::same(['dataset-bar-2'], Environment::loadData());
+});
+
+
+test(function () use ($key, $file) {
+	$_SERVER['argv'][$key] = "--dataprovider=bar|$file";
+
+	Assert::exception(function () {
+		Environment::loadData();
+	}, Exception::class, "Missing dataset 'bar' from data provider '%a%'.");
+});
+
+
+test(function () use ($key, $file) {
+	unset($_SERVER['argv'][$key]);
+
+	Assert::exception(function () {
+		Environment::loadData();
+	}, Exception::class, 'Missing annotation @dataProvider.');
+});