diff --git a/barcodeinterpret b/barcodeinterpret
index 88f2053c..ede05354 100755
--- a/barcodeinterpret
+++ b/barcodeinterpret
@@ -5,12 +5,12 @@ scriptdir=$(dirname "$0")
 . "$scriptdir/mmfunctions" || { echo "Missing '$scriptdir/mmfunctions'. Exiting." ; exit 1 ;};
 
 cleanup(){
-    log -a "Process aborted"
+    _log -a "Process aborted"
     exit 1
 }
 
 trap cleanup SIGHUP SIGINT SIGTERM
-log -b
+_log -b
 
 if test $# != 1 ; then
     echo "You must supply one argument, a scanned interleaved 2/5 barcode value"; exit
@@ -65,4 +65,4 @@ if [[ $(echo "$materialid" | tail -c +9 | head -c 1) == "H" ]] ; then
    materialid="${materialid}D"
 fi
 echo deviceid,$(echo $ids | cut -d ' ' -f 1),materialid,$materialid,som,$(addcolons $(echo $barcode | cut -c 42-49)),duration,$(addcolons $(echo $barcode | cut -c 50-57))
-log -e
+_log -e
diff --git a/blackatends b/blackatends
index 26f60bc4..59e27ad4 100755
--- a/blackatends
+++ b/blackatends
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ scriptdir=$(dirname "$0")
 version=1.0
 
 cleanup(){
-    log -a "Process aborted"
+    _log -a "Process aborted"
     exit 1
 }
 
@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ done
 shift $(( ${OPTIND} - 1 ))
 
 while [ "$*" != "" ] ; do
-    log -b
+    _log -b
     [ "$#" != 0 ] && sourcefile="$1"
     black_at_ends "$sourcefile"
-    log -e
+    _log -e
     shift
 done
diff --git a/checksumpackage b/checksumpackage
index b0e4378a..681b538e 100755
--- a/checksumpackage
+++ b/checksumpackage
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ usage(){
 check_dependencies "${dependencies[@]}"
 
 cleanup(){
-    log -a "Process aborted"
+    _log -a "Process aborted"
     exit 1
 }
 
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ CHECKSUMNAME="checksum.md5"
 DFXMLNAME="dfxml.xml"
 
 while [ "${*}" != "" ] ; do
-    log -b
+    _log -b
     if [ -d "${1}" ] ; then
         PWD=$(pwd)
         "${scriptdir}/removeDSStore" "$1"
@@ -59,6 +59,6 @@ while [ "${*}" != "" ] ; do
     else
     report -dt "ERROR: ${0} requires directories as input and $1 is not a directory."
     fi
-    log -e
+    _log -e
     shift
 done
diff --git a/fix_left2stereo b/fix_left2stereo
index 6b29601b..6f325b3f 100755
--- a/fix_left2stereo
+++ b/fix_left2stereo
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ scriptdir=$(dirname "$0")
 
 usage(){
     echo
-    echo "$(basename $0) ${version}"
+    echo "$(basename ${0}) ${version}"
     echo "This application takes an input video file(s) and produces outputs that are map the left channel of the input to a stereo mix in the output."
     echo "Dependencies: ${dependencies[@]}"
     echo "Usage: $(basename $0) file1 [ file2 ...]"
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ usage(){
 check_dependencies "${dependencies[@]}"
 
 cleanup(){
-    log -a "Process aborted"
+    _log -a "Process aborted"
     exit 1
 }
 
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ cleanup(){
 suffix="_left2stereo"
 
 trap cleanup SIGHUP SIGINT SIGTERM
-log -b
+_log -b
 
 while [ "$*" != "" ] ; do
 
@@ -52,4 +52,4 @@ while [ "$*" != "" ] ; do
     fi
     shift
 done
-log -e
+_log -e
diff --git a/fix_rewrap b/fix_rewrap
index 286b4fab..1b1e2ea3 100755
--- a/fix_rewrap
+++ b/fix_rewrap
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ scriptdir=$(dirname "$0")
 
 usage(){
     echo
-    echo "$(basename $0) ${version}"
+    echo "$(basename ${0}) ${version}"
     echo "This application takes an input video file(s) and produces outputs through re-multiplexing all tracks of the input into a new container."
     echo "Dependencies: ${dependencies[@]}"
     echo "Usage: $(basename $0) file1 [ file2 ...]"
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ usage(){
 check_dependencies "${dependencies[@]}"
 
 cleanup(){
-    log -a "Process aborted"
+    _log -a "Process aborted"
     exit 1
 }
 
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ cleanup(){
 suffix="_rewrap"
 
 trap cleanup SIGHUP SIGINT SIGTERM
-log -b
+_log -b
 
 while [ "$*" != "" ] ; do
 
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ while [ "$*" != "" ] ; do
     fi
     shift
 done
-log -e
+_log -e
diff --git a/fix_volume b/fix_volume
index 25e1e82a..8a0b09e1 100755
--- a/fix_volume
+++ b/fix_volume
@@ -34,12 +34,12 @@ done
 shift $(( ${OPTIND} - 1 ))
 
 cleanup(){
-    log -a "Process aborted"
+    _log -a "Process aborted"
     exit 1
 }
 
 trap cleanup SIGHUP SIGINT SIGTERM
-log -b
+_log -b
 
 while [ "$*" != "" ] ; do
     input_movie="${1}"
@@ -69,4 +69,4 @@ while [ "$*" != "" ] ; do
     fi
     shift
 done
-log -e
+_log -e
diff --git a/ingestfile b/ingestfile
index 9bb90f40..50edd18c 100755
--- a/ingestfile
+++ b/ingestfile
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ remove_mediaid_from_queue(){
 }
 
 cleanup(){
-    log -a "Process aborted"
+    _log -a "Process aborted"
     remove_mediaid_from_queue
     [ -d "${OUTDIR_INGESTFILE}/${mediaid}" ] && mv "${OUTDIR_INGESTFILE}/${mediaid}" "${OUTDIR_INGESTFILE}/${mediaid}_aborted_ingest_$(get_iso8601_c)"
     exit 1
@@ -171,23 +171,20 @@ if [ "${priority}" = "put in queue" ] ; then
     done
 fi
 
-log -b
+_log -b
 
 # set up package directories
-mkdir -p "${objectsdir}"
+_run_critical mkdir -p "${objectsdir}"
 logdir="${OUTDIR_INGESTFILE}/${mediaid}/metadata/submissionDocumentation/logs"
-mkdir -p "${logdir}"
+_run mkdir -p "${logdir}"
 submissiondocdir="${OUTDIR_INGESTFILE}/${mediaid}/metadata/submissionDocumentation"
-mkdir -p "${submissiondocdir}"
+_run mkdir -p "${submissiondocdir}"
 
 start=$(get_iso8601)
 
 # rsync
 report -dt "STATUS Copying the original file to library storage at ${objectsdir}."
-rsync -rt --progress --log-file="${logdir}/rsync_$(get_iso8601_c)_$(basename $0)_${version}.txt" "${input}" "${objectsdir}/"
-
-rsync_err="${?}"
-[ "${rsync_err}" -gt "0" ] && { report -wt "rsync failed with error ${rsync_err}" ; exit 1 ;};
+_run_critical rsync -rt --progress --log-file="${logdir}/rsync_$(get_iso8601_c)_$(basename $0)_${version}.txt" "${input}" "${objectsdir}/"
 
 # make copy for broadcast
 unset makebroadcastopts
@@ -243,11 +240,11 @@ if [ "${cleanup}" == "Y" ] ; then
         report -wt "Cancelling requested deletion of source file, not looking safe."
     else
         report -dt "Removing the source file from ${input} as requested."
-        rm -f "${input}"
+        _run rm -f "${input}"
     fi
 fi
 
 # clean up queue
 [ "${priority}" == "put in queue" ] && remove_mediaid_from_queue
 
-log -e
+_log -e
diff --git a/makebroadcast b/makebroadcast
index 36608f6a..d9e689a5 100755
--- a/makebroadcast
+++ b/makebroadcast
@@ -1,17 +1,12 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 # makebroadcast
-# make broadcast version
-# history
 # v 1.1 change from mov output to mxf output, force all output to hd
 # v 1.2 revert to mov and ffmbc
 version="1.2"
-unset dependencies
-unset audiomapping_ffmbc
+scriptdir=$(dirname $(which "$0"))
+. "$scriptdir/mmfunctions" || { echo "Missing '$scriptdir/mmfunctions'. Exiting." ; exit 1 ;};
 dependencies=(ffmbc ffprobe)
-DRYRUN=false
-
-scriptdir=$(dirname "${0}")
-. "${scriptdir}/mmfunctions" || { echo "Missing '${scriptdir}/mmfunctions'. Exiting." ; exit 1 ;};
+_initialize_make
 
 usage(){
     echo
@@ -23,75 +18,64 @@ usage(){
     echo "  -r (only use the right channel of the first audio track)"
     echo "  -c (run the video through a crop detection filter, then crop the video accordingly during transcoding, slower)"
     echo "  -v (run the video through a volume adjustment filter, then adjust the volume accordingly during transcoding, slower)"
+    echo "  -d directory ( directory to deliver the resulting file to )"
+    echo "  -o directory ( directory to write the resulting file to )"
     echo "  -n (dry-run mode, show the commands that would be run but don't do anything)"
-    echo "  -h display this help"
+    echo "  -e emailaddress ( send an email about the delivery, only valid if -d is used )"
+    echo "  -E emailaddress ( send an email about process outcome )"
+    echo "  -h ( display this help )"
     echo
     exit
 }
 [ "${#}" = 0 ] && usage
-check_dependencies "${dependencies[@]}"
 
-# command line arguments
+# command-line options to set mediaid and original variables
 OPTIND=1
-while getopts ":lrcvhn" opt ; do
-    case ${opt} in
-        n) DRYRUN=true;;
+while getopts ":lrcvo:d:e:E:nh" opt ; do
+    case "${opt}" in
         l) audiomap="L";;
         r) audiomap="R";;
         c) cropdetect="Y" ;;
         v) voladjust="Y" ;;
+        o) outputdir="$OPTARG" && check_outputdir ;;
+        d) deliverdir="$OPTARG" && check_deliverdir ;;
+        e) emailaddress_delivery="$OPTARG" && check_emailaddress "${emailaddress_delivery}" ;;
+        E) emailaddress_outcome="$OPTARG" && check_emailaddress "${emailaddress_outcome}" ;;
+        n) DRYRUN=true;;
         h) usage ;;
-        *) echo "Invalid option: -${OPTARG}" ; exit 1 ;;
-        :) echo "Option -${OPTARG} requires an argument" ; exit 1 ;;
+        *) echo "bad option -$OPTARG" ; usage ;;
+        :) echo "Option -$OPTARG requires an argument" ; exit 1 ;;
     esac
 done
 shift $(( ${OPTIND} - 1 ))
 
-cleanup(){
-    log -a "Process aborted"
-    exit 1
-}
-
-trap cleanup SIGHUP SIGINT SIGTERM
-
 while [ "${*}" != "" ] ; do
-
-    # clear local arrays
-    unset inputoptions
-    unset ffmbc_opts
-    filterchain_start=""
-
+    # get context about the input
     input="$1"
-    [ -d "${input}" ] && { outputdir="${input}/objects/service" && logdir="${input}/metadata/submissionDocumentation/logs" ;};
-    [ -f "${input}" ] && { outputdir=$(dirname "${input}")"/service" && logdir="$(dirname "${input}")/service/logs" ;};
-    [ ! "${outputdir}" ] && { outputdir="${input}/objects/service" && logdir="${input}/metadata/submissionDocumentation/logs" ;};
-    find_input "${input}"
-    
-    get_audio_index "${sourcefile}"
-    if [ "${audiomap}" = "L" ] ; then
-        audiomapping_ffmbc=(-map_audio_channel 0:${audio_index_1}:0:0:1:0 -map_audio_channel 0:${audio_index_1}:0:0:1:1)
-    elif [ "${audiomap}" = "R" ] ; then
-        audiomapping_ffmbc=(-map_audio_channel 0:${audio_index_1}:1:0:1:0 -map_audio_channel 0:${audio_index_1}:1:0:1:1)
+    if [ -z "${outputdir}" ] ; then
+        [ -d "${input}" ] && { outputdir="${input}/objects/service" && logdir="${input}/metadata/submissionDocumentation/logs" ;};
+        [ -f "${input}" ] && { outputdir=$(dirname "${input}")"/service" && logdir="$(dirname "${input}")/service/logs" ;};
+        [ ! "${outputdir}" ] && { outputdir="${input}/objects/service" && logdir="${input}/metadata/submissionDocumentation/logs" ;};
     else
-        get_audio_mapping "${sourcefile}"
+        logdir="${outputdir}/logs"
     fi
-    ffmbc_opts+=(${audiomapping_ffmbc[@]})
-
+    _find_input "${input}"
     mediaid=$(basename "${input}" | cut -d. -f1)
 
-    log -b
-
-    servicefile="${outputdir}/${mediaid%.*}.mov"
-    [ -s "${servicefile}" ] && { report -wt "${servicefile} already exists, skipping transcode" ; [ "${#}" = 1 ] && exit 86 || { shift ; continue ;} ;};
-
-    report -dt "Starting transcode of $(basename "${sourcefile}") for broadcast compliance."
+    # set up output
+    _log -b
+    output="${outputdir}/${mediaid%.*}.mov"
+    [ -s "${output}" ] && { report -wt "WARNING ${output} already exists, skipping transcode" ; shift ; continue ;};
+    _run mkdir -p "${outputdir}"
 
-    # set fixed transcoding options
-    ffmbc_opts+=(-r ntsc)
-    ffmbc_opts+=(-tff)
-    ffmbc_opts+=(-threads 4)
+    # clear local arrays
+    unset inputoptions
+    unset middleoptions
+    unset audiomapping_ffmbc
+    filterchain_start=""
 
-    # decide on an output codec, aspect ratio, and padding strategy
+    # get information on the input
+    get_audio_index "${sourcefile}"
     get_sar "${sourcefile}"
     if [ "${cropdetect}" = "Y" ] ; then
         get_cropdetection "${sourcefile}"
@@ -108,56 +92,71 @@ while [ "${*}" != "" ] ; do
     if [ "${fieldorder}" != "tff" ] ; then
         filterchain_start+="fieldorder=tff,"
     fi
+
+    if [ "${audiomap}" = "L" ] ; then
+        audiomapping_ffmbc=(-map_audio_channel 0:${audio_index_1}:0:0:1:0 -map_audio_channel 0:${audio_index_1}:0:0:1:1)
+    elif [ "${audiomap}" = "R" ] ; then
+        audiomapping_ffmbc=(-map_audio_channel 0:${audio_index_1}:1:0:1:0 -map_audio_channel 0:${audio_index_1}:1:0:1:1)
+    else
+        get_audio_mapping "${sourcefile}"
+    fi
+    middleoptions+=(${audiomapping_ffmbc[@]})
+
+    # set fixed transcoding options
+    middleoptions+=(-r ntsc)
+    middleoptions+=(-tff)
+    middleoptions+=(-threads 4)
+
+    # decide on an output codec, aspect ratio, and padding strategy
     darratio=$(echo "scale=3 ; ${dar}" | bc)
     if [ "${darratio}" = "1.777" -a ! "${cropdetect}" = "Y" ] ; then
-        ffmbc_opts+=(-s 1920x1080)
-        ffmbc_opts+=(-target xdcamhd422)
-        ffmbc_opts+=(-vtag xd5b)
-        ffmbc_opts+=(-aspect 16:9)
+        middleoptions+=(-s 1920x1080)
+        middleoptions+=(-target xdcamhd422)
+        middleoptions+=(-vtag xd5b)
+        middleoptions+=(-aspect 16:9)
     elif [ $(echo "scale=3 ; ${darratio} > (16/9)" | bc -l) = 1 ] ; then
-        ffmbc_opts+=(-vf "${filterchain_start}pad=${width}:${width}*(9/16)*(${sar}):(ow-${width})/2:(oh-${height})/2,scale=1920:1080:interl=1")
-        ffmbc_opts+=(-target xdcamhd422)
-        ffmbc_opts+=(-vtag xd5b)
-        ffmbc_opts+=(-aspect 16:9)
+        middleoptions+=(-vf "${filterchain_start}pad=${width}:${width}*(9/16)*(${sar}):(ow-${width})/2:(oh-${height})/2,scale=1920:1080:interl=1")
+        middleoptions+=(-target xdcamhd422)
+        middleoptions+=(-vtag xd5b)
+        middleoptions+=(-aspect 16:9)
     elif [ $(echo "scale=3 ; $darratio > (3/2)" | bc -l) = 1 ] ; then
-        ffmbc_opts+=(-vf "${filterchain_start}pad=${height}*(16/9)/(${sar}):${height}:(ow-${width})/2:(oh-${height})/2,scale=1920:1080:interl=1")
-        ffmbc_opts+=(-target xdcamhd422)
-        ffmbc_opts+=(-vtag xd5b)
-        ffmbc_opts+=(-aspect 16:9)
+        middleoptions+=(-vf "${filterchain_start}pad=${height}*(16/9)/(${sar}):${height}:(ow-${width})/2:(oh-${height})/2,scale=1920:1080:interl=1")
+        middleoptions+=(-target xdcamhd422)
+        middleoptions+=(-vtag xd5b)
+        middleoptions+=(-aspect 16:9)
     elif [ "$width" = "720" -a "$height" = "480" -a $(echo "scale=3 ; $darratio < (3/2)" | bc -l) = 1 -a ! "$cropdetect" = "Y" ] ; then
         filterchain_start=$(echo "${filterchain_start}" | sed 's/,$//g')
-        ffmbc_opts+=(-vf ${filterchain_start})
-        ffmbc_opts+=(-target imx30)
-        ffmbc_opts+=(-aspect 4:3)
+        middleoptions+=(-vf ${filterchain_start})
+        middleoptions+=(-target imx30)
+        middleoptions+=(-aspect 4:3)
     elif [ "${height}" -eq "486" -a "${width}" -eq "720" ] ; then
         filterchain_start+="crop=720:480:0:4"
         filterchain_start=$(echo "$filterchain_start" | sed 's/,$//g')
-        ffmbc_opts+=(-vf ${filterchain_start})
-        ffmbc_opts+=(-target imx30)
-        ffmbc_opts+=(-aspect 4:3)
+        middleoptions+=(-vf ${filterchain_start})
+        middleoptions+=(-target imx30)
+        middleoptions+=(-aspect 4:3)
     elif  [ "${height}" -eq "512" -a "${width}" -eq "720" ] ;then
         filterchain_start+="crop=720:480:0:32"
         filterchain_start=$(echo "${filterchain_start}" | sed 's/,$//g')
-        ffmbc_opts+=(-vf ${filterchain_start})
-        ffmbc_opts+=(-target imx30)
-        ffmbc_opts+=(-aspect 4:3)
+        middleoptions+=(-vf ${filterchain_start})
+        middleoptions+=(-target imx30)
+        middleoptions+=(-aspect 4:3)
     else
-        ffmbc_opts+=(-vf "${filterchain_start}pad=${height}*(4/3)/(${sar}):${height}:(ow-${width})/2:(oh-${height})/2,scale=720:480:interl=1")
-        ffmbc_opts+=(-target imx30)
-        ffmbc_opts+=(-aspect 4:3)
+        middleoptions+=(-vf "${filterchain_start}pad=${height}*(4/3)/(${sar}):${height}:(ow-${width})/2:(oh-${height})/2,scale=720:480:interl=1")
+        middleoptions+=(-target imx30)
+        middleoptions+=(-aspect 4:3)
     fi
 
     # add audio options
-    ffmbc_opts+=(-acodec pcm_s24be)
-    ffmbc_opts+=(-ar 48k)
-    ffmbc_opts+=(-ac 2)
+    middleoptions+=(-acodec pcm_s24be)
+    middleoptions+=(-ar 48k)
+    middleoptions+=(-ac 2)
 
     # set input options for ffmbc
     inputoptions+=(-y)
     inputoptions+=(-threads 8)
     inputoptions+=(-loglevel verbose)
-    
-    _run mkdir -p "${outputdir}"
+
     # log ffmbc process
     if [ "${logdir}" != "" ] ; then
         _run mkdir -p "${logdir}"
@@ -171,26 +170,22 @@ while [ "${*}" != "" ] ; do
         get_volume_adjustment "${sourcefile}"
         unset audio_pipe_opts
         audio_pipe_opts=(-f s24le -ar 48000 -ac 2)
-        report -dt "ffmpeg -v warning -stats -i \"${input_movie}\" -af volume=${VOLADJ}dB ${audio_pipe_opts[@]} - | ffmbc ${inputoptions[@]} -i ${input_movie} ${audio_pipe_opts[@]} -i pipe:0 -map 0:v -map 1:a ${ffmbc_opts[@]} ${servicefile}" 
-        echo "ffmpeg -v warning -stats -i \"${input_movie}\" -af volume=${VOLADJ}dB ${audio_pipe_opts[@]} - | ffmbc ${inputoptions[@]} -i \"${input_movie}\" ${audio_pipe_opts[@]} -i pipe:0 -map 0:v -map 1:a ${ffmbc_opts[@]} \"${servicefile}\""  >> "${logdir}/${reportfile}"
-        _run ffmpeg -v warning -stats -i "${input_movie}" -af volume=${VOLADJ}dB ${audio_pipe_opts[@]} - | ffmbc ${inputoptions[@]} -i "${input_movie}" ${audio_pipe_opts[@]} -i pipe:0 -map 0:v -map 1:a ${ffmbc_opts[@]} "${servicefile}"
+        _run ffmpeg -v warning -stats -i "${input_movie}" -af volume=${VOLADJ}dB ${audio_pipe_opts[@]} - | ffmbc ${inputoptions[@]} -i "${input_movie}" ${audio_pipe_opts[@]} -i pipe:0 -map 0:v -map 1:a ${middleoptions[@]} "${output}"
     else
-        echo "ffmbc ${inputoptions[@]} -i \"${sourcefile}\" ${ffmbc_opts[@]} \"${servicefile}\"" >> "${logdir}/${reportfile}"
         get_codectagstring "${sourcefile}"
-        echo "codec $codec_tag_string version $ffv1_version"
         if [ "$codec_tag_string" = "FFV1" -a "$ffv1_version" = "3" ] ; then
-            echo VERSION 3
             if [ "${logdir}" != "" ] ; then
                 _run rm "${logdir}/${reportfile}"
             fi
-            _run ffmpeg -report ${inputoptions[@]} -i "${sourcefile}" -vf "fieldorder=tff,pad=720:512:0:24,format=yuv422p,setsar=1/1,setdar=4/3,fps=fps=ntsc" -c:v mpeg2video -intra_vlc 1 -non_linear_quant 1 -qmin 1 -qmax 12 -intra -top 1 -b:v 30M -maxrate:v 30M -minrate:v 30M -bufsize 1001000 -rc_init_occupancy 1001000 -rc_max_vbv_use 1 -rc_min_vbv_use 1 -rc_buf_aggressivity 0.25 -dc 10 -lmin QP2LAMBDA -vbsf imxdump -flags +ildct+ilme+low_delay -ps 1 -tag:v mx3n -c:a pcm_s24be -ar 48k -ac 2 "${servicefile}"
+            _run ffmpeg -report ${inputoptions[@]} -i "${sourcefile}" -vf "fieldorder=tff,pad=720:512:0:24,format=yuv422p,setsar=1/1,setdar=4/3,fps=fps=ntsc" -c:v mpeg2video -intra_vlc 1 -non_linear_quant 1 -qmin 1 -qmax 12 -intra -top 1 -b:v 30M -maxrate:v 30M -minrate:v 30M -bufsize 1001000 -rc_init_occupancy 1001000 -rc_max_vbv_use 1 -rc_min_vbv_use 1 -rc_buf_aggressivity 0.25 -dc 10 -lmin QP2LAMBDA -vbsf imxdump -flags +ildct+ilme+low_delay -ps 1 -tag:v mx3n -c:a pcm_s24be -ar 48k -ac 2 "${output}"
         else
-            echo "ffmbc ${inputoptions[@]} -i \"${sourcefile}\" ${ffmbc_opts[@]} \"${servicefile}\"" >> "${logdir}/${reportfile}"
-            _run ffmbc ${inputoptions[@]} -i "${sourcefile}" ${ffmbc_opts[@]} "${servicefile}"
+            _run ffmbc ${inputoptions[@]} -i "${sourcefile}" ${middleoptions[@]} "${output}"
         fi
     fi
-    ffmbc_err="$?"
-    [ "${ffmbc_err}" -gt "0" ] && { report -wt "ffmbc failed with error ${ffmbc_err}" ; exit 1 ;};
+    echo
+    _summarize_make
+    _deliver_output
+    _email_outcome
     shift
+    _log -e
 done
-log -e
diff --git a/makedvd b/makedvd
index 90edead6..28f2c7c5 100755
--- a/makedvd
+++ b/makedvd
@@ -1,73 +1,84 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 # makedvd
-# make dvd
 version="1.0"
-unset dependencies
-dependencies=(ffmpeg dvdauthor mkisofs)
-DRYRUN=false
-
-scriptdir=$(dirname "$0")
+scriptdir=$(dirname $(which "$0"))
 . "$scriptdir/mmfunctions" || { echo "Missing '$scriptdir/mmfunctions'. Exiting." ; exit 1 ;};
-
-cleanup(){
-    log -a "Process aborted"
-    exit 1
-}
-
-trap cleanup SIGHUP SIGINT SIGTERM
+dependencies=(ffmpeg dvdauthor mkisofs)
+_initialize_make
 
 usage(){
     echo
-    echo "$(basename $0) ${version}"
+    echo "$(basename ${0}) ${version}"
     echo "This application will create a DVD .iso file from a video file or package input with the following options."
     echo "Dependencies: ${dependencies[@]}"
     echo "Usage: $(basename $0) [ -v dvd_label_prefix ] fileorpackage1 [ fileorpackage2 ...]"
     echo "  -v dvdlabelprefix (optional)"
+    echo "  -d directory ( directory to deliver the resulting file to )"
+    echo "  -o directory ( directory to write the resulting file to )"
     echo "  -n (dry-run mode, show the commands that would be run but don't do anything)"
-    echo "  -h display this help"
+    echo "  -e emailaddress ( send an email about the delivery, only valid if -d is used )"
+    echo "  -E emailaddress ( send an email about process outcome )"
+    echo "  -h ( display this help )"
     echo
     exit
 }
-[ "$#" = 0 ] && usage
-check_dependencies "${dependencies[@]}"
+[ "${#}" = 0 ] && usage
 
 # command-line options to set mediaid and original variables
 OPTIND=1
-while getopts ":hv:n" opt; do
-    case "$opt" in
+while getopts ":v:o:d:e:E:nh" opt ; do
+    case "${opt}" in
+        v) DVDLABELPREFIX="$OPTARG";;
+        o) outputdir="$OPTARG" && check_outputdir ;;
+        d) deliverdir="$OPTARG" && check_deliverdir ;;
+        e) emailaddress_delivery="$OPTARG" && check_emailaddress "${emailaddress_delivery}" ;;
+        E) emailaddress_outcome="$OPTARG" && check_emailaddress "${emailaddress_outcome}" ;;
         n) DRYRUN=true;;
         h) usage ;;
-        v) DVDLABELPREFIX="$OPTARG";;
         *) echo "bad option -$OPTARG" ; usage ;;
         :) echo "Option -$OPTARG requires an argument" ; exit 1 ;;
     esac
 done
 shift $(( ${OPTIND} - 1 ))
 
-while [ "$*" != "" ] ; do
+while [ "${*}" != "" ] ; do
+    # get context about the input
     input="$1"
-    [ -d "$input" ] && { outputdir="$input/objects/access/dvd" && logdir="$input/metadata/submissionDocumentation/logs" ;};
-    [ -f "$input" ] && { outputdir=$(dirname "$input")"/access/dvd" && logdir="$(dirname "$input")/access/logs" ;};
-    [ ! "$outputdir" ] && { outputdir="$input/objects/access/dvd" && logdir="$input/metadata/submissionDocumentation/logs" ;};
-    find_input "$input"
-
-    mediaid=$(basename "$input" | cut -d. -f1)
+    if [ -z "${outputdir}" ] ; then
+        [ -d "${input}" ] && { outputdir="${input}/objects/access/dvd" && logdir="${input}/metadata/submissionDocumentation/logs" ;};
+        [ -f "${input}" ] && { outputdir=$(dirname "${input}")"/access/dvd" && logdir="$(dirname "${input}")/access/logs" ;};
+        [ ! "${outputdir}" ] && { outputdir="${input}/objects/access/dvd" && logdir="${input}/metadata/submissionDocumentation/logs" ;};
+    else
+        logdir="${outputdir}/logs"
+    fi
+    _find_input "${input}"
+    mediaid=$(basename "${input}" | cut -d. -f1)
 
-    log -b
+    # set up output
+    _log -b
+    output="${outputdir}/${mediaid%.*}.iso"
+    [ -s "${output}" ] && { report -wt "WARNING ${output} already exists, skipping transcode" ; shift ; continue ;};
+    _run mkdir -p "${outputdir}"
 
-    isooutput="$outputdir/${mediaid%.*}.iso"
-    [ -s "$isooutput" ] && { report -wt "WARNING $isooutput already exists, skipping transcode" ; [ "$#" = 1 ] && exit 86 || { shift ; continue ;} ;};
-    _run mkdir -p "$outputdir"
-    get_height "$sourcefile"
-    get_width "$sourcefile"
-    get_dar "$sourcefile"
+    # get information on the input
+    get_height "${sourcefile}"
+    get_width "${sourcefile}"
+    get_dar "${sourcefile}"
     darratio=$(echo "scale=3 ; $dar" | bc)
-    [ $(echo "scale=5 ; $darratio > 1.5" | bc -l) = 1 ] && { aspect="16/9" ; dvdaspect="16:9" ;};
-    [ $(echo "scale=5 ; $darratio > 1.5" | bc -l) = 1 ] || { aspect="4/3" ; dvdaspect="4:3" ;};
-
+    if [ $(echo "scale=5 ; $darratio > 1.5" | bc -l) = 1 ] ;then
+        aspect="16/9"
+        dvdaspect="16:9"
+    else
+        aspect="4/3"
+        dvdaspect="4:3"
+    fi
     get_maxdvdbitrate "$sourcefile"
+
+    # clear local arrays
     unset inputoptions
     unset middleoptions
+
+    # encoding options
     middleoptions+=(-r:v ntsc)
     middleoptions+=(-c:v mpeg2video)
     middleoptions+=(-c:a ac3)
@@ -88,47 +99,32 @@ while [ "$*" != "" ] ; do
     middleoptions+=(-lmax 200000)
     middleoptions+=(-b:a 448000)
     middleoptions+=(-ar 48000)
-    if  [ "$height" -eq "486" -a "$width" -eq "720" ] ; then
-        middleoptions+=(-vf "fieldorder=bff,crop=720:480:0:4,setdar=${aspect}" -aspect $aspect)
-    elif  [ "$height" -eq "480" -a "$width" -eq "720" ] ; then
-        middleoptions+=(-vf "fieldorder=bff,setdar=${aspect}" -aspect $aspect)
-    elif  [ "$height" -eq "512" -a "$width" -eq "720" ] ; then
-        middleoptions+=(-vf "fieldorder=bff,crop=720:480:0:32,setdar=${aspect}" -aspect $aspect)
+    if  [[ "${height}" == 486 && "${width}" == 720 ]] ; then
+        middleoptions+=(-vf "fieldorder=bff,crop=720:480:0:4,setdar=${aspect}" -aspect ${aspect})
+    elif  [[ "{$height}" == 480 && "${width}" == 720 ]] ; then
+        middleoptions+=(-vf "fieldorder=bff,setdar=${aspect}" -aspect ${aspect})
+    elif  [[ "${height}" == 512 && "${width}" == 720 ]] ; then
+        middleoptions+=(-vf "fieldorder=bff,crop=720:480:0:32,setdar=${aspect}" -aspect ${aspect})
     else
-        middleoptions+=(-vf "fieldorder=bff,scale=720:480:interl=1,setdar=${aspect}" -aspect $aspect)
+        middleoptions+=(-vf "fieldorder=bff,scale=720:480:interl=1,setdar=${aspect}" -aspect ${aspect})
     fi
     inputoptions+=" -y"
-    if [ "$logdir" != "" ] ; then
-        _run mkdir -p "$logdir"
-        export FFREPORT="file=${logdir}/%p_%t_$(basename $0)_${version}.txt"
-        inputoptions+=(-v warning -stats)
-    fi
-    report -dt "Working on $(basename $isooutput) DVD image."
+    _prep_ffmpeg_log
+    # making the initial mpeg2 for the dvd
     _run ffmpeg ${inputoptions[@]} -i "${sourcefile}" ${middleoptions[@]} "${outputdir}/${mediaid%.*}.mpeg"
+    # Making DVD VIDEO_TS folder, chapters every 5 minutes, dvdauthor will ignore chapter markers greater than duration
     export VIDEO_FORMAT=NTSC
-    # chapters every 5 minutes, dvdauthor will ignore chapter markers greater than duration
-    report -dt "Making DVD VIDEO_TS folder."
-    _run dvdauthor --title -v "ntsc+${dvdaspect}" -a ac3+en -c 0,5:00,10:00,15:00,20:00,25:00,30:00,35:00,40:00,45:00,50:00,55:00,1:00:00,1:05:00,1:10:00,1:15:00,1:20:00,1:25:00,1:30:00,1:35:00,1:40:00,1:45:00,1:50:00,1:55:00,2:00:00,2:05:00,2:10:00,2:15:00,2:20:00,2:25:00,2:30:00,2:35:00,2:40:00,2:45:00,2:50:00,2:55:00,3:00:00,3:05:00,3:10:00,3:15:00,3:20:00,3:25:00,3:30:00,3:35:00,3:40:00,3:45:00,3:50:00,3:55:00 -f "$outputdir/${mediaid%.*}.mpeg" -o "$outputdir/${mediaid%.*}/" 2> "${logdir}/dvdauthor_$(get_iso8601_c)_$(basename $0)_${version}.txt"
-    dvdauthor_err="$?"
-    if [ "$dvdauthor_err" -gt "0" ] ; then
-        report -wt "ERROR dvdauthor reported error code $dvdauthor_err. Please review $outputdir/${mediaid%.*}/"
-        exit "$dvdauthor_err"
-    else
-        _run rm "$outputdir/${mediaid%.*}.mpeg"
-    fi
-    _run dvdauthor -T -o "$outputdir/${mediaid%.*}/"
+    _run_critical dvdauthor --title -v "ntsc+${dvdaspect}" -a ac3+en -c 0,5:00,10:00,15:00,20:00,25:00,30:00,35:00,40:00,45:00,50:00,55:00,1:00:00,1:05:00,1:10:00,1:15:00,1:20:00,1:25:00,1:30:00,1:35:00,1:40:00,1:45:00,1:50:00,1:55:00,2:00:00,2:05:00,2:10:00,2:15:00,2:20:00,2:25:00,2:30:00,2:35:00,2:40:00,2:45:00,2:50:00,2:55:00,3:00:00,3:05:00,3:10:00,3:15:00,3:20:00,3:25:00,3:30:00,3:35:00,3:40:00,3:45:00,3:50:00,3:55:00 -f "${outputdir}/${mediaid%.*}.mpeg" -o "${outputdir}/${mediaid%.*}/" 2> "${logdir}/dvdauthor_$(get_iso8601_c)_$(basename $0)_${version}.txt"
+    _run rm "${outputdir}/${mediaid%.*}.mpeg"
+    _run_critical dvdauthor -T -o "${outputdir}/${mediaid%.*}/"
+    # Making DVD image file.
     volname=$(echo "${DVDLABELPREFIX}${mediaid}")
-    report -dt "Making DVD image file."
-    _run mkisofs -f -dvd-video -udf -V "${volname:0:32}" -v -v -o "$isooutput"  "$outputdir/${mediaid%.*}" 2> "${logdir}/mkisofs_$(get_iso8601_c)_$(basename $0)_${version}.txt"
-    mkisofs_err="$?"
-    if [ "$mkisofs_err" -gt "0" ] ; then
-        report -wt "ERROR mkisofs reported error code $mkisofs_err. Please review $isooutput."
-        exit "$mkisofs_err"
-    else
-    _run rm -r "$outputdir/${mediaid%.*}/"
-    fi
-    report -dt "$(basename "${isooutput}") is done."
-    log -e
+    _run_critical mkisofs -f -dvd-video -udf -V "${volname:0:32}" -v -v -o "${output}"  "${outputdir}/${mediaid%.*}" 2> "${logdir}/mkisofs_$(get_iso8601_c)_$(basename $0)_${version}.txt"
+    _run rm -r "${outputdir}/${mediaid%.*}/"
+    echo
+    _summarize_make
+    _deliver_output
+    _email_outcome
     shift
+    _log -e
 done
-
diff --git a/makeframes b/makeframes
index 04f23a17..70c4ed24 100755
--- a/makeframes
+++ b/makeframes
@@ -1,18 +1,17 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 # makeframes
-
 version="1.0"
-unset dependencies
+scriptdir=$(dirname $(which "$0"))
+. "$scriptdir/mmfunctions" || { echo "Missing '$scriptdir/mmfunctions'. Exiting." ; exit 1 ;};
 dependencies=(ffmpeg)
-deliverdir=""
-DRYRUN=false
+_initialize_make
 
-scriptdir=$(dirname "$0")
-. "$scriptdir/mmfunctions" || { echo "Missing '$scriptdir/mmfunctions'. Exiting." ; exit 1 ;};
+# local variables
+IMAGECOUNT=10
 
 usage(){
     echo
-    echo "$(basename $0) ${version}"
+    echo "$(basename ${0}) ${version}"
     echo "This application will create a series of still images from a video file or package input with the following options."
     echo "Dependencies: ${dependencies[@]}"
     echo "Usage: $(basename $0) [ -d /path/to/deliver/to/ ] fileorpackage1 [ fileorpackage2 ...]"
@@ -22,29 +21,18 @@ usage(){
     echo
     exit
 }
-[ "$#" = 0 ] && usage
-check_dependencies "${dependencies[@]}"
-
-# local variables
-IMAGECOUNT=10
-
-cleanup(){
-    log -a "Process aborted"
-    exit 1
-}
-trap cleanup SIGHUP SIGINT SIGTERM
+[ "${#}" = 0 ] && usage
 
 # command-line options to set mediaid and original variables
 OPTIND=1
-while getopts ":hd:n" opt; do
-    case "$opt" in
+while getopts ":d:e:E:nh" opt ; do
+    case "${opt}" in
+        d) deliverdir="$OPTARG" && check_deliverdir ;;
+        e) emailaddress_delivery="$OPTARG" && check_emailaddress "${emailaddress_delivery}" ;;
+        E) emailaddress_outcome="$OPTARG" && check_emailaddress "${emailaddress_outcome}" ;;
         n) DRYRUN=true;;
-        h) usage;;
-        d) 
-            deliverdir="$OPTARG"
-            [ ! -d "$deliverdir" ] && report -wt "The delivery directory, ${deliverdir}, does not exist. Can not deliver the output of $(basename "$0")."
-            ;;
-        *) echo "Invalid option: -$OPTARG" ; exit 1 ;;
+        h) usage ;;
+        *) echo "bad option -$OPTARG" ; usage ;;
         :) echo "Option -$OPTARG requires an argument" ; exit 1 ;;
     esac
 done
@@ -55,19 +43,20 @@ while [ "$*" != "" ] ; do
     [ -d "$input" ] && { outputdir="$input/objects/access/images" && logdir="$input/metadata/submissionDocumentation/logs" ;};
     [ -f "$input" ] && { outputdir=$(dirname "$input")"/access/images" && logdir="$(dirname "$input")/access/logs" ;};
     [ ! "$outputdir" ] && { outputdir="$input/objects/access/images" && logdir="$input/metadata/submissionDocumentation/logs" ;};
-    find_input "$input" 
+    _find_input "$input" 
 
     mediaid=$(basename "$1" | cut -d. -f1)
 
-    log -b
-    [ -s "$outputdir" ] && { report -wt "WARNING $outputdir already exists, skipping transcode" ; [ "$#" = 1 ] && exit 86 || { shift ; continue ;} ;};
-    BASE=$(basename "$sourcefile")
-    DURATION=$(ffprobe 2>/dev/null $sourcefile -show_format | grep duration | cut -d= -f2) 
-    _run mkdir -p "$outputdir"
+    _log -b
+    DURATION=$(ffprobe 2>/dev/null $sourcefile -show_format | grep duration | cut -d= -f2)
+    _run_critical mkdir -p "$outputdir"
     for (( IMAGENUMBER=1; IMAGENUMBER<=$IMAGECOUNT; IMAGENUMBER++)) ; do
         START=$(echo "( $DURATION / ( $IMAGECOUNT + 1 )) * $IMAGENUMBER" | bc)
-        report -d "Making frame $IMAGENUMBER of $IMAGECOUNT $outputdir/${BASE%.*}_${IMAGENUMBER}.tiff"
-        _run ffmpeg -y -v warning -ss "$START" -i $sourcefile -vf yadif,thumbnail=100 -frames:v 1 "$outputdir/${mediaid}_${IMAGENUMBER}.tiff" 
+        output="$outputdir/${mediaid}_${IMAGENUMBER}.tiff"
+        report -d "Making frame $IMAGENUMBER of $IMAGECOUNT - $output"
+        [ -s "${output}" ] && { report -wt "WARNING ${output} already exists, skipping transcode" ; shift ; continue ;};
+        _prep_ffmpeg_log
+        _run ffmpeg -y -v warning -ss "$START" -i $sourcefile -vf yadif,thumbnail=100 -frames:v 1 "$output" 
     done
     echo
     if [ -d "${deliverdir}" ] ; then
@@ -75,7 +64,6 @@ while [ "$*" != "" ] ; do
         _run mkdir -p "${deliverdir}/${mediaid}_images/"
         _run cp -av "${outputdir}/" "${deliverdir}/${mediaid}_images/"
     fi
-    log -e
     shift
+    _log -e
 done
-log -e
diff --git a/makelossless b/makelossless
index ec1cd3e9..c2b2ded2 100755
--- a/makelossless
+++ b/makelossless
@@ -1,21 +1,14 @@
 #!/bin/bash
-unset dependencies
+# makelossless
+version="1.0"
+scriptdir=$(dirname $(which "$0"))
+. "$scriptdir/mmfunctions" || { echo "Missing '$scriptdir/mmfunctions'. Exiting." ; exit 1 ;};
 dependencies=(ffmpeg muxmovie mediainfo)
-DRYRUN=false
-
-scriptdir=$(dirname "${0}")
-. "${scriptdir}/mmfunctions" || { echo "Missing '${scriptdir}/mmfunctions'. Exiting." ; exit 1 ;};
-
-cleanup(){
-    log -a "Process aborted"
-    exit 1
-}
-
-trap cleanup SIGHUP SIGINT SIGTERM
+_initialize_make
 
 usage(){
     echo
-    echo "$(basename $0) ${version}"
+    echo "$(basename ${0}) ${version}"
     echo "This application will create lossless ffv1 files from a video file or package input with the following options."
     echo "Dependencies: ${dependencies[@]}"
     echo "Usage: $(basename $0) fileorpackage1 [ fileorpackage2 ...]"
@@ -24,13 +17,12 @@ usage(){
     echo
     exit
 }
-[ "$#" = 0 ] && usage
-check_dependencies "${dependencies[@]}"
+[ "${#}" = 0 ] && usage
 
 # command-line options to set mediaid and original variables
 OPTIND=1
-while getopts ":hn" opt; do
-    case "$opt" in
+while getopts ":nh" opt ; do
+    case "${opt}" in
         n) DRYRUN=true;;
         h) usage ;;
         *) echo "bad option -$OPTARG" ; usage ;;
@@ -40,93 +32,68 @@ done
 shift $(( ${OPTIND} - 1 ))
 
 while [ "${*}" != "" ] ; do
-    file="${1}"
-    outputdir=""
-    
-    [ "${#}" != 0 ] && input="${1}"
+    # get context about the input
+    input="$1"
     [ -d "${input}" ] && { logdir="${input}/metadata/submissionDocumentation/logs" && trimmingsdir="${input}/objects/trimmed_materials" ;};
     [ -f "${input}" ] && { logdir="$(dirname "${input}")/lossless/logs" && trimmingsdir="$(dirname "${input}")/lossless/trimmed_materials" ;};
     [ ! "${logdir}" ] && logdir="${input}/metadata/submissionDocumentation/logs"
+    [ ! "${trimmingsdir}" ] && trimmingsdir="${input}/lossless/trimmed_materials"
 
-    find "${input}" -type f \( -name "*.mov" -o -name "*.avi" -o -name "*.mxf" \) -print0 | while read -d $'\0' file ; do
-        sourcefile="${file}"
+    find "${input}" -type f \( -name "*.mov" -o -name "*.avi" -o -name "*.mxf" \) -print0 | while read -d $'\0' sourcefile ; do
         outputdir=$(dirname "${sourcefile}")
         sourcefilename=$(basename "${sourcefile}")
         
-        log -b 
+        _log -b 
         
         get_codectagstring "${sourcefile}"
         get_fieldorder "${sourcefile}"
         get_pix_fmt "${sourcefile}"
+        _run mkdir -p "${outputdir}" "${logdir}"
         if [ "${codec_tag_string}" == "2vuy" -o "${codec_tag_string}" == "v210" ] ; then
-            report -dt "${sourcefilename} is ${codec_tag_string}, starting encode"
-            _run mkdir -p "${outputdir}" "${logdir}" "${trimmingsdir}"
-            export FFREPORT="file=${logdir}/%p_%t_makelossless.log"
-            _run ffmpeg -nostdin -v warning -stats -vsync 0 -i "${sourcefile}" -map 0:v -map 0:a -c:v ffv1 -level 3 -vf setfield=bff -g 1 -c:a copy "${outputdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}_ffv1.mov" -f framemd5 -an "${logdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}.framemd5"
-            ffmpeg_ffv1_err="${?}"
-            [ "${ffmpeg_ffv1_err}" -gt 0 ] && { report -wt "ffmpeg ended with error with ${sourcefile}" ; shift ; continue ;};
+            suffix="_ffv1"
+            report -dt "${sourcefilename} is ${codec_tag_string} at ${fieldorder}, starting encode"
+            _run mkdir -p "${trimmingsdir}"
+            export FFREPORT="file=${logdir}/%p_%t_makelossless${suffix}.log"
+            _run_critical ffmpeg -nostdin -v warning -stats -vsync 0 -i "${sourcefile}" -map 0:v -map 0:a -c:v ffv1 -level 3 -vf setfield=bff -g 1 -c:a copy "${outputdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}${suffix}.mov" -f framemd5 -an "${logdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}.framemd5"
             if [ "${codec_tag_string}" == "2vuy" ] ; then
-                _run ffmpeg -nostdin -v warning -stats -i "${outputdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}_ffv1.mov" -f framemd5 -pix_fmt uyvy422 -an "${logdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}_ffv1.framemd5"
+                _run_critical ffmpeg -nostdin -v warning -stats -i "${outputdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}${suffix}.mov" -f framemd5 -pix_fmt uyvy422 -an "${logdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}${suffix}.framemd5"
             else
-                _run ffmpeg -nostdin -v warning -stats -i "${outputdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}_ffv1.mov" -f framemd5 -an "${logdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}_ffv1.framemd5"
+                _run_critical ffmpeg -nostdin -v warning -stats -i "${outputdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}${suffix}.mov" -f framemd5 -an "${logdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}${suffix}.framemd5"
             fi
-            ffmpeg_md5_err="${?}"
-            [ "${ffmpeg_md5_err}" -gt 0 ] && { report -wt "ffmpeg md5 ended with error with ${sourcefile}" ; shift ; continue ;};
             defaults write com.pair.3am.QTCoffee BugMe NO 
-            _run muxmovie "${sourcefile}" -track "Timecode Track" -track "Closed Caption Track" -self-contained -o "${trimmingsdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}_tc_c608.mov"
-            muxmovie_err="${?}"
-            [ "${muxmovie_err}" -gt 0 ] && { report -wt "muxmovie ended with error with ${sourcefile}" ; exit 1 ;};
-            if [ $(md5 -q "${logdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}.framemd5") = $(md5 -q "${logdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}_ffv1.framemd5") ] ; then
+            _run_critical muxmovie "${sourcefile}" -track "Timecode Track" -track "Closed Caption Track" -self-contained -o "${trimmingsdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}_tc_c608.mov"
+            if [ $(md5 -q "${logdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}.framemd5") = $(md5 -q "${logdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}${suffix}.framemd5") ] ; then
                 report -dt "Everything looks safe. Going to delete the original."
-                _run mediainfo -f --language=raw --output=XML "${sourcefile}" > "${logdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}_mediainfo.xml"
-                _run rm -f -v "${sourcefile}"
+                _run_critical mediainfo -f --language=raw --output=XML "${sourcefile}" > "${logdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}_mediainfo.xml"
+                _run_critical rm -f -v "${sourcefile}"
             else
                 report -wt "Not looking safe. Going to keep the original."
             fi
         elif [ "${codec_tag_string}" == "FFV1" -a "${fieldorder}" == "progressive" ] ; then
+            suffix="_bfffix"
+            report -dt "${sourcefilename} is ${codec_tag_string} at ${fieldorder}, starting encode"
+            export FFREPORT="file=${logdir}/%p_%t_makelossless${suffix}.log"
+            _run_critical ffmpeg -nostdin -v warning -stats -vsync 0 -i "${sourcefile}" -map 0:v -map 0:a -c:v ffv1 -level 3 -vf setfield=bff -g 1 -c:a copy "${outputdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}${suffix}.mov"
             if [ "${pixfmt}" == "yuv422p" ] ; then
-                report -dt "${sourcefilename} is yuv422p ffv1 progressive, starting encode"
-                _run mkdir -p "${outputdir}" "${logdir}"
-                export FFREPORT="file=${logdir}/%p_%t_makelossless_bfffix.log"
-                _run ffmpeg -nostdin -v warning -stats -vsync 0 -i "${sourcefile}" -map 0:v -map 0:a -c:v ffv1 -level 3 -vf setfield=bff -g 1 -c:a copy "${outputdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}_bfffix.mov"
-                ffmpeg_ffv1_err="${?}"
-                [ "${ffmpeg_ffv1_err}" -gt 0 ] && { report -wt "ffmpeg ended with error with ${sourcefile}" ; shift ; continue ;};
-                _run ffmpeg -nostdin -v warning -stats -i "${outputdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}_bfffix.mov" -f framemd5 -pix_fmt uyvy422 -an "${logdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}_bfffix.framemd5"
-                ffmpeg_md5_err="${?}"
-                [ "${ffmpeg_md5_err}" -gt 0 ] && { report -wt "ffmpeg md5 ended with error with ${sourcefile}" ; shift ; continue ;};
-                if [ $(md5 -q "${logdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}.framemd5") = $(md5 -q "${logdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}_bfffix.framemd5") ] ; then
-                    report -dt "Everything looks safe. Going to delete the original."
-                    _run mediainfo -f --language=raw --output=XML "${sourcefile}" > "${logdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}_bfffix_mediainfo.xml"
-                    _run mv -f -v "${outputdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}_bfffix.mov" "${sourcefile}"
-                else
-                    report -wt "Not looking safe. Going to keep the original."
-                fi
-            elif [ "${pixfmt}" == "yuv422p10le" ] ; then
-                report -dt "${sourcefilename} is yuv422p10le ffv1 progressive, starting encode"
-                _run mkdir -p "${outputdir}" "${logdir}"
-                export FFREPORT="file=${logdir}/%p_%t_makelossless_bfffix.log"
-                _run ffmpeg -nostdin -v warning -stats -vsync 0 -i "${sourcefile}" -map 0:v -map 0:a -c:v ffv1 -level 3 -vf setfield=bff -g 1 -c:a copy "${outputdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}_bfffix.mov"
-                ffmpeg_ffv1_err="${?}"
-                [ "${ffmpeg_ffv1_err}" -gt 0 ] && { report -wt "ffmpeg ended with error with ${sourcefile}" ; shift ; continue ;};
-                _run ffmpeg -nostdin -v warning -stats -i "${outputdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}_bfffix.mov" -f framemd5 -an "${logdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}_bfffix.framemd5"
-                ffmpeg_md5_err="${?}"
-                [ "${ffmpeg_md5_err}" -gt 0 ] && { report -wt "ffmpeg md5 ended with error with ${sourcefile}" ; shift ; continue ;};
-                if [ $(md5 -q "${logdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}.framemd5") = $(md5 -q "${logdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}_bfffix.framemd5") ] ; then
-                    report -dt "Everything looks safe. Going to delete the original."
-                    _run mediainfo -f --language=raw --output=XML "$sourcefile" > "${logdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}_bfffix_mediainfo.xml"
-                    _run mv -f -v "${outputdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}_bfffix.mov" "${sourcefile}"
-                else
-                    report -wt "Not looking safe. Going to keep the original."
-                fi
+                _run_critical ffmpeg -nostdin -v warning -stats -i "${outputdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}${suffix}.mov" -f framemd5 -pix_fmt uyvy422 -an "${logdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}${suffix}.framemd5"
+            elif [ "${pixfmt}" == "yuv422p10le" ] ; then                
+                _run_critical ffmpeg -nostdin -v warning -stats -i "${outputdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}${suffix}.mov" -f framemd5 -an "${logdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}${suffix}.framemd5"
             else
                 report -wt "uh oh unsupported"
             fi
+            if [ $(md5 -q "${logdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}.framemd5") = $(md5 -q "${logdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}${suffix}.framemd5") ] ; then
+                report -dt "Everything looks safe. Going to delete the original."
+                _run_critical mediainfo -f --language=raw --output=XML "$sourcefile" > "${logdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}${suffix}_mediainfo.xml"
+                _run_critical mv -f -v "${outputdir}/${sourcefilename%.*}${suffix}.mov" "${sourcefile}"
+            else
+                report -wt "Not looking safe. Going to keep the original."
+            fi
         else
-            report -wt "${sourcefilename} is not 2vuy or v210 or progress ffv1, quitting"
+            report -wt "${sourcefilename} is not 2vuy or v210 or progressive ffv1, skipping"
             continue
         fi
         report -dt done with "${sourcefile}"
     done
     shift
+    _log -e
 done
-log -e
diff --git a/makemetadata b/makemetadata
index bc07d0bb..a647d7e8 100755
--- a/makemetadata
+++ b/makemetadata
@@ -1,42 +1,37 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 # make metadata
 version="0.2"
-DRYRUN=false
-
 scriptdir=$(dirname $(which "$0"))
 . "$scriptdir/mmfunctions" || { echo "Missing '$scriptdir/mmfunctions'. Exiting." ; exit 1 ;};
-
-cleanup(){
-    log -a "Process aborted"
-    exit 1
-}
-
-trap cleanup SIGHUP SIGINT SIGTERM
+dependencies=(ffprobe mediainfo exiftool)
+_initialize_make
 
 usage(){
     echo
-    echo "$(basename $0) ${version}"
+    echo "$(basename ${0}) ${version}"
     echo "This script may be run interactively by running it with no arguments or may be used with the following options."
     echo "Usage: $(basename $0) [ -m mediaid ]"
     echo "  -n (dry-run mode, show the commands that would be run but don't do anything)"
     echo "  -m mediaid"
     exit
 }
+[ "${#}" = 0 ] && usage
 
 # command-line options to set mediaid and original variables
 OPTIND=1
-while getopts ":hm:n" opt; do
-    case "$opt" in
+while getopts ":e:E:nh" opt ; do
+    case "${opt}" in
+        e) emailaddress_delivery="$OPTARG" && check_emailaddress "${emailaddress_delivery}" ;;
+        E) emailaddress_outcome="$OPTARG" && check_emailaddress "${emailaddress_outcome}" ;;
         n) DRYRUN=true;;
         h) usage ;;
-        m) mediaid="$OPTARG" ;;
-        \?) echo "Invalid option: -$OPTARG" ; exit 1 ;;
+        *) echo "bad option -$OPTARG" ; usage ;;
         :) echo "Option -$OPTARG requires an argument" ; exit 1 ;;
     esac
 done
 shift $(( ${OPTIND} - 1 ))
 
-log -b
+_log -b
 outputdir="./metadata/submissionDocumentation/fileMeta"
 _run mkdir -p "$outputdir"
 
@@ -53,7 +48,6 @@ while [ "$*" != "" ] ; do
         servicebasename=$(basename "$service_file")
     fi
 
-    echo "STATUS Making metadata reports for ${mediaid}."
     while read file ; do
         filenameroot=$(basename "$file")
         parentdir=$(dirname "$file")
@@ -70,6 +64,5 @@ while [ "$*" != "" ] ; do
     cd "$pwd"
     _run rm -r -f "$FILELIST"
     shift
-
+    _log -e
 done
-log -e
diff --git a/makepodcast b/makepodcast
index cb507aa5..2348c674 100755
--- a/makepodcast
+++ b/makepodcast
@@ -1,66 +1,68 @@
 #!/bin/bash
-# makepodcast
-# makes a file appropriate for podcasting
+# makepodcast, makes a file appropriate for podcasting
 version="1.0"
-unset dependencies
-dependencies=(ffmpeg)
-deliverdir=""
-DRYRUN=false
-
-scriptdir=$(dirname "$0")
+scriptdir=$(dirname $(which "$0"))
 . "$scriptdir/mmfunctions" || { echo "Missing '$scriptdir/mmfunctions'. Exiting." ; exit 1 ;};
+dependencies=(ffmpeg)
+_initialize_make
 
 usage(){
     echo
-    echo "$(basename $0) ${version}"
+    echo "$(basename ${0}) ${version}"
     echo "This application will create a QuickTime file suitable for podcasting from a video file or package input with the following options."
     echo "Dependencies: ${dependencies[@]}"
     echo "Usage: $(basename $0) [ -d /path/to/deliver/to/ ] fileorpackage1 [ fileorpackage2 ...]"
     echo "  -d directory ( directory to deliver the resulting file to )"
+    echo "  -o directory ( directory to write the resulting file to )"
     echo "  -n (dry-run mode, show the commands that would be run but don't do anything)"
+    echo "  -e emailaddress ( send an email about the delivery, only valid if -d is used )"
+    echo "  -E emailaddress ( send an email about process outcome )"
     echo "  -h ( display this help )"
     echo
     exit
 }
-[ "$#" = 0 ] && usage
-check_dependencies "${dependencies[@]}"
-
-cleanup(){
-    log -a "Process aborted"
-    exit 1
-}
-
-trap cleanup SIGHUP SIGINT SIGTERM
+[ "${#}" = 0 ] && usage
 
 # command-line options to set mediaid and original variables
 OPTIND=1
-while getopts ":hd:n" opt; do
-    case "$opt" in
+while getopts ":o:d:e:E:nh" opt ; do
+    case "${opt}" in
+        o) outputdir="$OPTARG" && check_outputdir ;;
+        d) deliverdir="$OPTARG" && check_deliverdir ;;
+        e) emailaddress_delivery="$OPTARG" && check_emailaddress "${emailaddress_delivery}" ;;
+        E) emailaddress_outcome="$OPTARG" && check_emailaddress "${emailaddress_outcome}" ;;
         n) DRYRUN=true;;
         h) usage ;;
-        d) 
-            deliverdir="$OPTARG"
-            [ ! -d "$deliverdir" ] && report -wt "The delivery directory, ${deliverdir}, does not exist. Can not deliver the output of $(basename "$0")."
-            ;;
         *) echo "bad option -$OPTARG" ; usage ;;
         :) echo "Option -$OPTARG requires an argument" ; exit 1 ;;
     esac
 done
 shift $(( ${OPTIND} - 1 ))
 
-while [ "$*" != "" ] ; do
+while [ "${*}" != "" ] ; do
+    # get context about the input
     input="$1"
-    [ -d "$input" ] && { outputdir="$input/objects/access/podcast" && logdir="$input/metadata/submissionDocumentation/logs" ;};
-    [ -f "$input" ] && { outputdir=$(dirname "$input")"/access/podcast" && logdir="$(dirname "$input")/access/logs" ;};
-    [ ! "$outputdir" ] && { outputdir="$input/objects/access/podcast" && logdir="$input/metadata/submissionDocumentation/logs" ;};
-    find_input "$input"
-    mediaid=$(basename "$input" | cut -d. -f1)
-    log -b
-    podcastoutput="$outputdir/${mediaid%.*}_podcast.mov"
-    [ -s "${podcastoutput}" ] && { report -wt "WARNING ${podcastoutput} already exists, skipping transcode" ; [ "$#" = 1 ] && exit 86 || { shift ; continue ;} ;};
+    if [ -z "${outputdir}" ] ; then
+        [ -d "${input}" ] && { outputdir="$input/objects/access/podcast" && logdir="${input}/metadata/submissionDocumentation/logs" ;};
+        [ -f "${input}" ] && { outputdir=$(dirname "${input}")"/access/podcast" && logdir="$(dirname "${input}")/access/logs" ;};
+        [ ! "${outputdir}" ] && { outputdir="${input}/objects/access/podcast" && logdir="${input}/metadata/submissionDocumentation/logs" ;};
+    else
+        logdir="${outputdir}/logs"
+    fi
+    _find_input "${input}"
+    mediaid=$(basename "${input}" | cut -d. -f1)
+
+    # set up output
+    _log -b
+    output="${outputdir}/${mediaid%.*}_podcast.mov"
+    [ -s "${output}" ] && { report -wt "WARNING ${output} already exists, skipping transcode" ; shift ; continue ;};
     _run mkdir -p "${outputdir}"
+
+    # clear local arrays
     unset inputoptions
     unset middleoptions
+
+    # encoding options
     middleoptions+=(-movflags faststart)
     middleoptions+=(-pix_fmt yuv420p)
     middleoptions+=(-c:v libx264)
@@ -71,22 +73,16 @@ while [ "$*" != "" ] ; do
     middleoptions+=(-vf "yadif,scale=640:trunc(ow/dar/2)*2:interl=1")
     middleoptions+=(-c:a libfaac)
     middleoptions+=(-b:a 96k)
-    
+
     get_audio_mapping "${sourcefile}"
     middleoptions+=(${audiomapping_ffmpeg[@]})
-    
-    if [ "${logdir}" != "" ] ; then
-        _run mkdir -p "${logdir}"
-        export FFREPORT="file=${logdir}/%p_%t_$(basename $0)_${version}.txt"
-        inputoptions+=(-v warning -stats)
-    fi
-    report -dt "Running: ffmpeg ${inputoptions[@]} -i \"${sourcefile}\" ${middleoptions[@]} \"${podcastoutput}\""
-    _run ffmpeg ${inputoptions[@]} -i "${sourcefile}" ${middleoptions[@]} "${podcastoutput}"
+
+    _prep_ffmpeg_log
+    _run ffmpeg ${inputoptions[@]} -i "${sourcefile}" ${middleoptions[@]} "${output}"
     echo
-    if [ -d "${deliverdir}" ] ;then
-        report -dt "Delivering output"
-        _run cp -av "${podcastoutput}" "${deliverdir}/"
-    fi
-    log -e
+    _summarize_make
+    _deliver_output
+    _email_outcome
     shift
+    _log -e
 done
diff --git a/makeprores b/makeprores
index 9fe3b71a..25897755 100755
--- a/makeprores
+++ b/makeprores
@@ -1,96 +1,82 @@
 #!/bin/bash
-# makeprores
-# makes a file appropriate for keeping editors happy
+# makeprores, makes a file appropriate for keeping editors happy
 version="1.0"
-unset dependencies
+scriptdir=$(dirname $(which "$0"))
+. "$scriptdir/mmfunctions" || { echo "Missing '$scriptdir/mmfunctions'. Exiting." ; exit 1 ;};
 dependencies=(ffmpeg)
-outputdir="$HOME/Desktop/$(basename $0)" # default output directory, override with -o
-DRYRUN=false
+_initialize_make
 
-scriptdir=$(dirname "$0")
-. "$scriptdir/mmfunctions" || { echo "Missing '$scriptdir/mmfunctions'. Exiting." ; exit 1 ;};
+outputdir="$HOME/Desktop/$(basename $0)" # default output directory, override with -o
 
 usage(){
     echo
-    echo "$(basename $0) ${version}"
+    echo "$(basename ${0}) ${version}"
     echo "This application will create a prores/quicktime file (suitable for editing) from a video file or package input with the following options. By default the output will be written to ${outputdir}. You can override this with the -o option."
     echo "Dependencies: ${dependencies[@]}"
     echo "Usage: $(basename $0) [ -o /directory/to/write/to/ ] fileorpackage1 [ fileorpackage2 ...]"
-    echo "  -n (dry-run mode, show the commands that would be run but don't do anything)"
+    echo "  -d directory ( directory to deliver the resulting file to )"
     echo "  -o directory ( directory to write the resulting file to )"
+    echo "  -n (dry-run mode, show the commands that would be run but don't do anything)"
+    echo "  -e emailaddress ( send an email about the delivery, only valid if -d is used )"
+    echo "  -E emailaddress ( send an email about process outcome )"
     echo "  -h ( display this help )"
     echo
     exit
 }
-[ "$#" = 0 ] && usage
-check_dependencies "${dependencies[@]}"
-
-cleanup(){
-    log -a "Process aborted"
-    exit 1
-}
-
-trap cleanup SIGHUP SIGINT SIGTERM
+[ "${#}" = 0 ] && usage
 
+# command-line options to set mediaid and original variables
 OPTIND=1
-while getopts ":ho:n" opt; do
-    case "$opt" in
+while getopts ":o:d:e:E:nh" opt ; do
+    case "${opt}" in
+        o) outputdir="$OPTARG" && check_outputdir ;;
+        d) deliverdir="$OPTARG" && check_deliverdir ;;
+        e) emailaddress_delivery="$OPTARG" && check_emailaddress "${emailaddress_delivery}" ;;
+        E) emailaddress_outcome="$OPTARG" && check_emailaddress "${emailaddress_outcome}" ;;
         n) DRYRUN=true;;
         h) usage ;;
-        o) 
-            outputdir="$OPTARG"
-            if [ ! -d "$outputdir" ] ; then
-                report -wt "The output directory option, $outputdir, does not refer to an actual directory. Quitting."
-                exit 1
-            fi
-            ;;
         *) echo "bad option -$OPTARG" ; usage ;;
         :) echo "Option -$OPTARG requires an argument" ; exit 1 ;;
     esac
 done
 shift $(( ${OPTIND} - 1 ))
 
-while [ "$*" != "" ] ; do
+while [ "${*}" != "" ] ; do
+    # get context about the input
     input="$1"
     if [ -z "${outputdir}" ] ; then
-        [ -d "$input" ] && { outputdir="$input/objects/access/prores" && logdir="$input/metadata/submissionDocumentation/logs" ;};
-        [ -f "$input" ] && { outputdir=$(dirname "$input")"/access/prores" && logdir="$(dirname "$input")/access/logs" ;};
-        [ ! "$outputdir" ] && { outputdir="$input/objects/access/prores" && logdir="$input/metadata/submissionDocumentation/logs" ;};
+        [ -d "${input}" ] && { outputdir="${input}/objects/access/prores" && logdir="${input}/metadata/submissionDocumentation/logs" ;};
+        [ -f "${input}" ] && { outputdir=$(dirname "${input}")"/access/prores" && logdir="$(dirname "${input}")/access/logs" ;};
+        [ ! "${outputdir}" ] && { outputdir="${input}/objects/access/prores" && logdir="${input}/metadata/submissionDocumentation/logs" ;};
     else
-        logdir="$outputdir/logs"
+        logdir="${outputdir}/logs"
     fi
-    
-    find_input "$input"
-
-    mediaid=$(basename "$1" | cut -d. -f1)
+    _find_input "${input}"
+    mediaid=$(basename "${input}" | cut -d. -f1)
 
-    log -b
-
-    outputfile="${outputdir}/${mediaid%.*}_prores.mov"
-    [ -s "${outputfile}" ] && { report -wt "WARNING ${outputfile} already exists, skipping transcode" ; [ "$#" = 1 ] && exit 86 || { shift ; continue ;} ;};
+    # set up output
+    _log -b
+    output="${outputdir}/${mediaid%.*}_prores.mov"
+    [ -s "${output}" ] && { report -wt "WARNING ${output} already exists, skipping transcode" ; shift ; continue ;};
     _run mkdir -p "${outputdir}"
-    get_height "${sourcefile}"
-    get_width "${sourcefile}"
 
+    # clear local arrays
     unset inputoptions
-    inputoptions+=(-vsync 0)
     unset middleoptions
+
+    # encoding options
+    inputoptions+=(-vsync 0)
     middleoptions+=(-map 0:v)
     middleoptions+=(-map 0:a)
     middleoptions+=(-c:v prores)
     middleoptions+=(-c:a pcm_s16le)
 
-    if [ "${logdir}" != "" ] ; then
-        _run mkdir -p "${logdir}"
-        export FFREPORT="file=${logdir}/%p_%t_$(basename $0)_${version}.txt"
-        inputoptions+=(-v warning -stats)
-    fi
-    report -dt "Working on $(basename ${outputfile})."
-    report -dt "Running: ffmpeg ${inputoptions[@]} -i \"${sourcefile}\" ${middleoptions[@]} \"${outputfile}\""
-    _run ffmpeg ${inputoptions[@]} -i "${sourcefile}" ${middleoptions[@]} "${outputfile}"
+    _prep_ffmpeg_log
+    _run ffmpeg ${inputoptions[@]} -i "${sourcefile}" ${middleoptions[@]} "${output}"
     echo
-    report -dt "$(basename "${outputfile}") is done."
+    _summarize_make
+    _deliver_output
+    _email_outcome
     shift
-    log -e
+    _log -e
 done
-
diff --git a/makeyoutube b/makeyoutube
index 4f172383..a77597bb 100755
--- a/makeyoutube
+++ b/makeyoutube
@@ -1,76 +1,73 @@
 #!/bin/bash
-# makeyoutube
-# makes a file appropriate for uploading to youtube
+# makeyoutube, makes a file appropriate for uploading to youtube
 version="1.0"
-unset dependencies
-dependencies=(ffmpeg)
-deliverdir=""
-DRYRUN=false
-emailaddress=""
-
-scriptdir=$(dirname "$0")
+scriptdir=$(dirname $(which "$0"))
 . "$scriptdir/mmfunctions" || { echo "Missing '$scriptdir/mmfunctions'. Exiting." ; exit 1 ;};
+dependencies=(ffmpeg)
+_initialize_make
 
 usage(){
     echo
-    echo "$(basename $0) ${version}"
+    echo "$(basename ${0}) ${version}"
     echo "This application will create a high quality h264 file (suitable for uploading to YouTube) from a video file or package input with the following options."
     echo "Dependencies: ${dependencies[@]}"
     echo "Usage: $(basename $0) [ -d /path/to/deliver/to/ ] fileorpackage1 [ fileorpackage2 ...]"
     echo "  -d directory ( directory to deliver the resulting file to )"
+    echo "  -o directory ( directory to write the resulting file to )"
     echo "  -n (dry-run mode, show the commands that would be run but don't do anything)"
     echo "  -e emailaddress ( send an email about the delivery, only valid if -d is used )"
+    echo "  -E emailaddress ( send an email about process outcome )"
     echo "  -h ( display this help )"
     echo
     exit
 }
-[ "$#" = 0 ] && usage
-check_dependencies "${dependencies[@]}"
-
-cleanup(){
-    log -a "Process aborted"
-    exit 1
-}
-
-trap cleanup SIGHUP SIGINT SIGTERM
+[ "${#}" = 0 ] && usage
 
 # command-line options to set mediaid and original variables
 OPTIND=1
-while getopts ":hd:e:n" opt; do
-    case "$opt" in
+while getopts ":o:d:e:E:nh" opt ; do
+    case "${opt}" in
+        o) outputdir="$OPTARG" && check_outputdir ;;
+        d) deliverdir="$OPTARG" && check_deliverdir ;;
+        e) emailaddress_delivery="$OPTARG" && check_emailaddress "${emailaddress_delivery}" ;;
+        E) emailaddress_outcome="$OPTARG" && check_emailaddress "${emailaddress_outcome}" ;;
         n) DRYRUN=true;;
         h) usage ;;
-        d) 
-            deliverdir="$OPTARG"
-            [ ! -d "$deliverdir" ] && report -wt "The delivery directory, ${deliverdir}, does not exist. Can not deliver the output of $(basename "$0")."
-            ;;
-        e) emailaddress="$OPTARG" ;;
         *) echo "bad option -$OPTARG" ; usage ;;
         :) echo "Option -$OPTARG requires an argument" ; exit 1 ;;
     esac
 done
 shift $(( ${OPTIND} - 1 ))
 
-while [ "$*" != "" ] ; do
+while [ "${*}" != "" ] ; do
+    # get context about the input
     input="$1"
-    [ -d "$input" ] && { outputdir="$input/objects/access/youtube_up" && logdir="$input/metadata/submissionDocumentation/logs" ;};
-    [ -f "$input" ] && { outputdir=$(dirname "$input")"/access/youtube_up" && logdir="$(dirname "$input")/access/logs" ;};
-    [ ! "$outputdir" ] && { outputdir="$input/objects/access/youtube_up" && logdir="$input/metadata/submissionDocumentation/logs" ;};
-    find_input "$input"
-
-    mediaid=$(basename "$1" | cut -d. -f1)
-
-    log -b
+    if [ -z "${outputdir}" ] ; then
+        [ -d "${input}" ] && { outputdir="${input}/objects/access/youtube_up" && logdir="${input}/metadata/submissionDocumentation/logs" ;};
+        [ -f "${input}" ] && { outputdir=$(dirname "${input}")"/access/youtube_up" && logdir="$(dirname "${input}")/access/logs" ;};
+        [ ! "${outputdir}" ] && { outputdir="${input}/objects/access/youtube_up" && logdir="${input}/metadata/submissionDocumentation/logs" ;};
+    else
+        logdir="${outputdir}/logs"
+    fi
+    _find_input "${input}"
+    mediaid=$(basename "${input}" | cut -d. -f1)
 
-    youtubeoutput="${outputdir}/${mediaid%.*}.mp4"
-    [ -s "${youtubeoutput}" ] && { report -wt "WARNING ${youtubeoutput} already exists, skipping transcode" ; [ "$#" = 1 ] && exit 86 || { shift ; continue ;} ;};
+    # set up output
+    _log -b
+    output="${outputdir}/${mediaid%.*}.mp4"
+    [ -s "${output}" ] && { report -wt "WARNING ${output} already exists, skipping transcode" ; shift ; continue ;};
     _run mkdir -p "${outputdir}"
+
+    # get information on the input
     get_height "${sourcefile}"
     get_width "${sourcefile}"
 
+    # clear local arrays
     unset inputoptions
-    inputoptions+=(-vsync 0)
     unset middleoptions
+
+    # encoding options
+    inputoptions+=(-vsync 0)
     middleoptions+=(-movflags faststart)
     middleoptions+=(-pix_fmt yuv420p)
     middleoptions+=(-c:v libx264)
@@ -86,28 +83,16 @@ while [ "$*" != "" ] ; do
     middleoptions+=(-ac 2)
     middleoptions+=(-b:a 128k)
     middleoptions+=(-f mp4)
-    
+
     get_audio_mapping "${sourcefile}"
     middleoptions+=(${audiomapping_ffmpeg[@]})
 
-    if [ "${logdir}" != "" ] ; then
-        _run mkdir -p "${logdir}"
-        export FFREPORT="file=${logdir}/%p_%t_$(basename $0)_${version}.txt"
-        inputoptions+=(-v warning -stats)
-    fi
-    report -dt "Working on $(basename "${youtubeoutput}") for youtube upload."
-    report -dt "Running: ffmpeg ${inputoptions[@]} -i \"${sourcefile}\" ${middleoptions[@]} \"${youtubeoutput}\""
-    ffmpeg ${inputoptions[@]} -i "${sourcefile}" ${middleoptions[@]} "${youtubeoutput}"
+    _prep_ffmpeg_log
+    _run_critical ffmpeg ${inputoptions[@]} -i "${sourcefile}" ${middleoptions[@]} "${output}"
     echo
-    report -dt "$(basename "${youtubeoutput}") is done."
-    if [ -d "${deliverdir}" ] ; then
-        report -dt "Delivering output"
-        cp -av "${youtubeoutput}" "${deliverdir}/"
-        cp_exit="$?"
-        if [[ "${emailaddress}" == "Y" ]] ; then
-            echo -e "Subject: $(basename ${youtubeoutput}) delivered\nBody A file has been delivered to ${deliverdir}.\n\n Filename: ${youtubeoutput}\nProcess: $(basename $0)\nMediaID: ${mediaid}\nSourcefile: ${sourcefile}\nDecoding_options: ${inputoptions[@]}\nEncoding_options: ${middleoptions[@]}\nOperator ${op}.\n\nEnjoy!" | sendmail "${emailaddress}"
-        fi
-    fi
+    _summarize_make
+    _deliver_output
+    _email_outcome
     shift
-    log -e
+    _log -e
 done
diff --git a/mmfunctions b/mmfunctions
index 783a7108..5a7ebdbf 100755
--- a/mmfunctions
+++ b/mmfunctions
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ get_iso8601_c(){
     date +%Y%m%d-%I%M%S
 }
 
-log(){
+_log(){
     mmlogname="mm.log"
     mmlogdir="${CUSTOM_LOG_DIR:-/tmp}"
     mmlogfile="${mmlogdir}/${mmlogname}"
@@ -68,14 +68,26 @@ report(){
         shift $(( ${OPTIND} - 1 ))
         message="$1"
         echo $echoopt "${color}${startmessage[@]}${message}${NC}"
-        [ "$log" = "Y" ] && log -w "$message"
+        [ "$log" = "Y" ] && _log -w "$message"
 }
 
-function _run(){
+_run(){
+    run_err=""
+    report -sdt "Running: $*"
     if [[ ! $DRYRUN == true ]] ; then
-       "$@"
-   else
-       report -sdt "Running: $*"
+        "$@"
+    fi
+    run_err="$?"
+    if [[ "${run_err}" != 0 ]] ; then
+    report -wts "Error: Running: \"$*\" gave an Error Code - $run_err"
+    fi
+}
+
+_run_critical(){
+    _run "${@}"
+    if [[ "${run_err}" != 0 ]] ; then
+        report -wts "The process ran into a critical error and can not proceed."
+        exit 1
     fi
 }
 
@@ -158,6 +170,82 @@ check_dependencies(){
     fi
 }
 
+_initialize_make(){
+    check_dependencies "${dependencies[@]}"
+    unset dependencies
+    unset audiomapping_ffmbc
+    deliverdir=""
+    DRYRUN=false
+    emailaddress=""
+    cleanup(){
+        _log -a "Process aborted"
+        echo
+        report -wts "THE PROCESS WAS ABORTED"
+        exit 1
+    }
+    trap cleanup SIGHUP SIGINT SIGTERM
+}
+
+check_deliverdir(){
+    if [ ! -d "$deliverdir" ] ; then
+        report -wt "The delivery directory, ${deliverdir}, does not exist. Can not deliver the output of $(basename "$0")."
+    fi
+}
+
+check_outputdir(){
+    if [ ! -d "$outputdir" ] ; then
+        report -wt "The output directory, ${outputdir}, does not exist. Can not write the output of $(basename "$0")."
+    fi
+}
+
+check_emailaddress(){
+    emailregex="^[a-z0-9!#\$%&'*+/=?^_\`{|}~-]+(\.[a-z0-9!#$%&'*+/=?^_\`{|}~-]+)*@([a-z0-9]([a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-9])?\.)+[a-z0-9]([a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-9])?\$"
+    if [[ ! "$1" =~ "$emailregex" ]] ; then
+        report -wt "$1 is not a valid email address."
+    fi
+}
+
+email_delivery(){
+    if [[ "${emailaddress}" == "Y" ]] ; then
+        echo -e "Subject: $(basename ${youtubeoutput}) delivered
+        A file has been delivered to ${deliverdir}.
+        
+        Filename: ${youtubeoutput}
+        Process: $(basename $0)
+        MediaID: ${mediaid}
+        Sourcefile: ${sourcefile}
+        Decoding_options: ${inputoptions[@]}
+        Encoding_options: ${middleoptions[@]}
+        Operator ${op}.
+        
+        Enjoy!" | sendmail "${emailaddress}"
+    fi
+}
+
+_email_outcome(){
+    if [[ "${emailaddress}" == "Y" ]] ; then
+        echo -e "Subject: $(basename ${youtubeoutput}) processed
+        Delivery directory: ${deliverdir}.
+        Filename: ${youtubeoutput}
+        Process: $(basename $0)
+        MediaID: ${mediaid}
+        Sourcefile: ${sourcefile}
+        Decoding_options: ${inputoptions[@]}
+        Encoding_options: ${middleoptions[@]}
+        Operator ${op}.
+        
+        Enjoy!" | sendmail "${emailaddress}"
+    fi
+}
+
+_deliver_output(){
+    if [[ "${deliverdir}" ]] ; then
+        report -dt "Delivering ${output} to ${deliverdir}"
+        _run cp -av "${output}" "${deliverdir}/"
+        email_delivery
+    fi
+}
+
 ask(){
     # This function requires 3 arguments
     # 1) A prompt
@@ -214,7 +302,7 @@ make_mezz_for_xdcam(){
     popd
 }
 
-find_input (){
+_find_input (){
     sourcefile=""
     [ -d "$1" ] && [ -d "$1/objects/service" ] && sourcefile=$(find "$1/objects/service" -maxdepth 1 -mindepth 1 -type f \( -name "*.mov" -o -name "*.mxf" -o -name "*.mp4" -o -name "*.dv" \) ! -name ".*")
     [ -f "$1" ] && sourcefile="$1"
@@ -367,3 +455,17 @@ free_space(){
       exit 1
     fi
 }
+
+_summarize_make(){
+    report -dt "$(basename "${output}") is done."
+}
+
+_prep_ffmpeg_log(){
+    if [ "${logdir}" != "" ] ; then
+        _run mkdir -p "${logdir}"
+        export FFREPORT="file=${logdir}/%p_%t_$(basename "$0")_${version}.txt"
+        inputoptions+=(-v warning -stats)
+    else
+        export FFREPORT=""
+    fi
+}
diff --git a/paperingest b/paperingest
index 4ab0a375..cc101801 100755
--- a/paperingest
+++ b/paperingest
@@ -5,12 +5,12 @@ scriptdir=$(dirname "$0")
 . "$scriptdir/mmfunctions" || { echo "Missing '$scriptdir/mmfunctions'. Exiting." ; exit 1 ;};
 
 cleanup(){
-    log -a "Process aborted"
+    _log -a "Process aborted"
     exit 1
 }
 
 trap cleanup SIGHUP SIGINT SIGTERM
-log -b
+_log -b
 
 ask_operator
 
@@ -56,4 +56,4 @@ echo "command: ${command}"  >> "$submissionMetadataDir/operation_process.txt"
 
 echo done scanning "$mediaid"
 
-log -e
+_log -e
diff --git a/quickcompare b/quickcompare
index 06f121fd..03f375e5 100755
--- a/quickcompare
+++ b/quickcompare
@@ -6,16 +6,16 @@ scriptdir=$(dirname "$0")
 . "$scriptdir/mmfunctions" || { echo "Missing '$scriptdir/mmfunctions'. Exiting." ; exit 1 ;};
 
 cleanup(){
-    log -a "Process aborted"
+    _log -a "Process aborted"
     exit 1
 }
 
 trap cleanup SIGHUP SIGINT SIGTERM
-log -b
+_log -b
 
 [ ! "$#" = "2" ] && { echo Use two possibly similar files are arguments. ; exit 1 ;};
 #[ ! $(du "$1" | cut -f1) = $(du "$2" | cut -f1) ] && echo The files are different sizes
 [ ! $(head -c "$checksize" "$1" | md5) = $(head -c "$checksize" "$2" | md5) ] && echo The first "$checksize" bytes have different md5s.
 [ ! $(tail -c "$checksize" "$1" | md5) = $(tail -c "$checksize" "$2" | md5) ] && echo The last "$checksize" bytes have different md5s.
 
-log -e
+_log -e
diff --git a/removeDSStore b/removeDSStore
index f4a931dd..5251829f 100755
--- a/removeDSStore
+++ b/removeDSStore
@@ -5,12 +5,12 @@ scriptdir=$(dirname "$0")
 . "$scriptdir/mmfunctions" || { echo "Missing '$scriptdir/mmfunctions'. Exiting." ; exit 1 ;};
 
 cleanup(){
-    log -a "Process aborted"
+    _log -a "Process aborted"
     exit 1
 }
 
 trap cleanup SIGHUP SIGINT SIGTERM
-log -b
+_log -b
 
 while [ "$*" != "" ] ; do
     target=$1
@@ -19,4 +19,4 @@ while [ "$*" != "" ] ; do
     fi
     shift
 done
-log -e
+_log -e
diff --git a/uploadomneon b/uploadomneon
index 5ed76b40..c16115c3 100755
--- a/uploadomneon
+++ b/uploadomneon
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ scriptdir=$(dirname "$0")
 
 usage(){
     echo
-    echo "$(basename $0) ${version}"
+    echo "$(basename ${0}) ${version}"
     echo "This application will upload file(s) to a server via rsync in sequential order. Options are specified via 'mmconfig'."
     echo
     echo "Settings:"
@@ -25,12 +25,12 @@ usage(){
 [ "$#" = 0 ] && usage
 
 cleanup(){
-    log -a "Process aborted"
+    _log -a "Process aborted"
     exit 1
 }
 
 trap cleanup SIGHUP SIGINT SIGTERM
-log -b
+_log -b
 
 # command-line options to set mediaid and original variables
 OPTIND=1
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ sourcefile="$1"
 removetmp="n"
 filename=$(basename "$sourcefile")
 
-log -b
+_log -b
 
 status=$(ftp -a "$OMNEONIP" <<END_SCRIPT
 binary
@@ -90,4 +90,4 @@ report -wt "$filename is already on the omneon as a $size_g gigabyte file."
 fi
 shift
 done
-log -e
+_log -e
diff --git a/xdcamingest b/xdcamingest
index 967a9a91..168c59a4 100755
--- a/xdcamingest
+++ b/xdcamingest
@@ -7,16 +7,16 @@ scriptdir=$(dirname "$0")
 . "$scriptdir/mmfunctions" || { echo "Missing '$scriptdir/mmfunctions'. Exiting." ; exit 1 ;};
 
 cleanup(){
-    log -a "Process aborted"
+    _log -a "Process aborted"
     exit 1
 }
 
 trap cleanup SIGHUP SIGINT SIGTERM
-log -b
+_log -b
 
 usage(){
     echo
-    echo "$(basename $0) ${version}"
+    echo "$(basename ${0}) ${version}"
     echo "This script may be run interactively by running it with no arguments or may be used with the following options."
     echo "Usage: $(basename $0) [ -c output_directory_for_xdcam ]"
     echo "  -c output_directory_for_xdcam (else will default to $CONFIG_FILE)"
@@ -213,4 +213,4 @@ while true ; do
         fi
     fi
 done
-log -e
+_log -e