From 7dc8f1eb5b565d35c4cd661e6658f706e1edf096 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: landerrosette <57791410+landerrosette@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 20 Oct 2024 21:26:45 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] 4.11 shortest paths (Bellman-Ford)

---
 BellmanFordSP.cpp | 34 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 BellmanFordSP.h   | 31 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 CMakeLists.txt    |  2 ++
 DijkstraSP.cpp    |  2 +-
 DijkstraSP.h      |  2 +-
 DirectedCycle.h   | 31 ++++++++++++++++++++-----------
 KruskalMST.cpp    |  4 ----
 KruskalMST.h      |  2 +-
 MergeBU.h         |  2 +-
 README.md         |  1 +
 SP.cpp            |  3 ++-
 SP.h              |  4 +++-
 data/tinyEWDn.txt | 17 +++++++++++++++++
 main.cpp          |  9 ++++++++-
 14 files changed, 122 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 BellmanFordSP.cpp
 create mode 100644 BellmanFordSP.h
 create mode 100644 data/tinyEWDn.txt

diff --git a/BellmanFordSP.cpp b/BellmanFordSP.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab133a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BellmanFordSP.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#include "BellmanFordSP.h"
+#include "DirectedCycle.h"
+
+void BellmanFordSP::onRelaxationSuccess(const EdgeWeightedDigraph &G, int v, const DirectedEdge &e, int w) {
+    if (!onQ[w]) {
+        queue.push_back(w);
+        onQ[w] = true;
+    }
+}
+
+void BellmanFordSP::afterRelaxation(const EdgeWeightedDigraph &G, int v, const DirectedEdge &e, int w) {
+    if (cost++ % G.V() == 0) findNegativeCycle();
+}
+
+void BellmanFordSP::findNegativeCycle() {
+    int V = edgeTo.size();
+    EdgeWeightedDigraph spt(V);
+    for (int v = 0; v < V; ++v) {
+        if (edgeTo[v]) spt.addEdge(edgeTo[v]);
+    }
+    DirectedCycle cf(spt);
+    cycle = cf.cycle();
+}
+
+BellmanFordSP::BellmanFordSP(const EdgeWeightedDigraph &G, int s) : SP(G, s), onQ(G.V()) {
+    queue.push_back(s);
+    onQ[s] = true;
+    while (!queue.empty() && !hasNegativeCycle()) {
+        int v = queue.front();
+        queue.pop_front();
+        onQ[v] = false;
+        relax(G, v);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/BellmanFordSP.h b/BellmanFordSP.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a6476af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BellmanFordSP.h
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#ifndef BELLMANFORDSP_H
+#define BELLMANFORDSP_H
+
+
+#include "SP.h"
+#include <vector>
+#include <list>
+
+class BellmanFordSP : public SP {
+private:
+    std::vector<bool> onQ;         // 顶点是否存在与队列中
+    std::list<int> queue;          // 正在被放松的顶点
+    int cost = 0;                  // relax()的调用次数
+    std::list<DirectedEdge> cycle; // edgeTo[]表示的子图是否含有负权重环
+
+    void onRelaxationSuccess(const EdgeWeightedDigraph &G, int v, const DirectedEdge &e, int w) override;
+
+    void afterRelaxation(const EdgeWeightedDigraph &G, int v, const DirectedEdge &e, int w) override;
+
+    void findNegativeCycle();
+
+public:
+    BellmanFordSP(const EdgeWeightedDigraph &G, int s);
+
+    bool hasNegativeCycle() const { return !cycle.empty(); }
+
+    std::list<DirectedEdge> negativeCycle() const { return cycle; }
+};
+
+
+#endif //BELLMANFORDSP_H
diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index d15aa2d..71458ee 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -83,4 +83,6 @@ add_executable(algs4
         DijkstraSP.h
         AcyclicSP.cpp
         AcyclicSP.h
+        BellmanFordSP.cpp
+        BellmanFordSP.h
 )
diff --git a/DijkstraSP.cpp b/DijkstraSP.cpp
index 65f6d14..eaa2a2c 100644
--- a/DijkstraSP.cpp
+++ b/DijkstraSP.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #include "DijkstraSP.h"
 
-void DijkstraSP::onRelax(const DirectedEdge &e, int w) {
+void DijkstraSP::onRelaxationSuccess(const EdgeWeightedDigraph &G, int v, const DirectedEdge &e, int w) {
     if (pq.contains(w)) pq.change(w, distTo_[w]);
     else pq.insert(w, distTo_[w]);
 }
diff --git a/DijkstraSP.h b/DijkstraSP.h
index 70a4e0a..4c417f1 100644
--- a/DijkstraSP.h
+++ b/DijkstraSP.h
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ class DijkstraSP : public SP {
 private:
     IndexMinPQ<double> pq;
 
-    void onRelax(const DirectedEdge &e, int w) override;
+    void onRelaxationSuccess(const EdgeWeightedDigraph &G, int v, const DirectedEdge &e, int w) override;
 
 public:
     DijkstraSP(const EdgeWeightedDigraph &G, int s);
diff --git a/DirectedCycle.h b/DirectedCycle.h
index 50d0d82..60749e9 100644
--- a/DirectedCycle.h
+++ b/DirectedCycle.h
@@ -8,27 +8,26 @@
 #include "DirectedEdge.h"
 #include <type_traits>
 
+template<typename T>
 class DirectedCycle {
 private:
     std::vector<bool> marked;
-    std::vector<int> edgeTo;
-    std::list<int> cycle_;
+    std::vector<T> edgeTo;
+    std::list<T> cycle_;
     std::vector<bool> onStack; // 栈上的所有顶点
 
-    template<typename T>
     void dfs(const GraphBase<T> &G, int v);
 
 public:
-    template<typename T>
     DirectedCycle(const GraphBase<T> &G);
 
     bool hasCycle() const { return !cycle_.empty(); }
 
-    std::list<int> cycle() const { return cycle_; }
+    std::list<T> cycle() const { return cycle_; }
 };
 
 template<typename T>
-void DirectedCycle::dfs(const GraphBase<T> &G, int v) {
+void DirectedCycle<T>::dfs(const GraphBase<T> &G, int v) {
     onStack[v] = true;
     marked[v] = true;
     for (const auto &e: G.adj(v)) {
@@ -38,19 +37,29 @@ void DirectedCycle::dfs(const GraphBase<T> &G, int v) {
         if (hasCycle()) {
             return;
         } else if (!marked[w]) {
-            edgeTo[w] = v;
+            edgeTo[w] = e;
             dfs(G, w);
         } else if (onStack[w]) {
-            for (int x = v; x != w; x = edgeTo[x]) cycle_.push_front(x);
-            cycle_.push_front(w);
-            cycle_.push_front(v);
+            if constexpr (std::is_same_v<std::decay_t<decltype(e)>, DirectedEdge>) {
+                auto x = e;
+                for (; x.from() != w; x = edgeTo[x.from()]) {
+                    cycle_.push_front(x);
+                }
+                cycle_.push_front(x);
+            } else {
+                for (int x = v; x != w; x = edgeTo[x]) {
+                    cycle_.push_front(x);
+                }
+                cycle_.push_front(w);
+                cycle_.push_front(v);
+            }
         }
     }
     onStack[v] = false;
 }
 
 template<typename T>
-DirectedCycle::DirectedCycle(const GraphBase<T> &G) : marked(G.V()), edgeTo(G.V()), onStack(G.V()) {
+DirectedCycle<T>::DirectedCycle(const GraphBase<T> &G) : marked(G.V()), edgeTo(G.V()), onStack(G.V()) {
     for (int v = 0; v < G.V(); ++v) {
         if (!marked[v]) dfs(G, v);
     }
diff --git a/KruskalMST.cpp b/KruskalMST.cpp
index aca4642..fd0dbde 100644
--- a/KruskalMST.cpp
+++ b/KruskalMST.cpp
@@ -14,7 +14,3 @@ KruskalMST::KruskalMST(const EdgeWeightedGraph &G) {
         mst.push_back(*e);
     }
 }
-
-std::list<Edge> KruskalMST::edges() const {
-    return mst;
-}
diff --git a/KruskalMST.h b/KruskalMST.h
index 21611d5..34e1088 100644
--- a/KruskalMST.h
+++ b/KruskalMST.h
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ class KruskalMST : public MST {
 public:
     KruskalMST(const EdgeWeightedGraph &G);
 
-    std::list<Edge> edges() const override;
+    std::list<Edge> edges() const override { return mst; }
 };
 
 
diff --git a/MergeBU.h b/MergeBU.h
index 795d032..02af4e3 100644
--- a/MergeBU.h
+++ b/MergeBU.h
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ class MergeBU : public Merge {
 template<typename T>
 void MergeBU::sort(std::vector<T> &a) {
     int N = a.size();
-    aux<T> = std::vector<T>(a.size());
+    aux<T> = std::vector<T>(N);
     for (int sz = 1; sz < N; sz *= 2) {
         // 子数组大小sz
         for (int lo = 0; lo < N - sz; lo += 2 * sz) {
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 2031f59..7d8bbf4 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ incorporating modern C++ practices.
 - **4.8** Minimum spanning tree (Kruskal): [KruskalMST.h](KruskalMST.h) | [KruskalMST.cpp](KruskalMST.cpp)
 - **4.9** Shortest paths (Dijkstra): [DijkstraSP.h](DijkstraSP.h) | [DijkstraSP.cpp](DijkstraSP.cpp)
 - **4.10** Shortest paths in DAGs: [AcyclicSP.h](AcyclicSP.h) | [AcyclicSP.cpp](AcyclicSP.cpp)
+- **4.11** Shortest paths (Bellman-Ford): [BellmanFord.h](BellmanFordSP.h) | [BellmanFord.cpp](BellmanFordSP.cpp)
 - ...
 
 ## Build and Run
diff --git a/SP.cpp b/SP.cpp
index 1f9a90c..775d856 100644
--- a/SP.cpp
+++ b/SP.cpp
@@ -6,8 +6,9 @@ void SP::relax(const EdgeWeightedDigraph &G, int v) {
         if (distTo_[w] > distTo_[v] + e.weight()) {
             distTo_[w] = distTo_[v] + e.weight();
             edgeTo[w] = e;
-            onRelax(e, w);
+            onRelaxationSuccess(G, v, e, w);
         }
+        afterRelaxation(G, v, e, w);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/SP.h b/SP.h
index bfb6c20..b5ac1e5 100644
--- a/SP.h
+++ b/SP.h
@@ -15,7 +15,9 @@ class SP {
 
     void relax(const EdgeWeightedDigraph &G, int v);
 
-    virtual void onRelax(const DirectedEdge &e, int w) {}
+    virtual void onRelaxationSuccess(const EdgeWeightedDigraph &G, int v, const DirectedEdge &e, int w) {}
+
+    virtual void afterRelaxation(const EdgeWeightedDigraph &G, int v, const DirectedEdge &e, int w) {}
 
 public:
     SP(const EdgeWeightedDigraph &G, int s);
diff --git a/data/tinyEWDn.txt b/data/tinyEWDn.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..65eef6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/tinyEWDn.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+8
+15
+4 5  0.35
+5 4  0.35
+4 7  0.37
+5 7  0.28
+7 5  0.28
+5 1  0.32
+0 4  0.38
+0 2  0.26
+7 3  0.39
+1 3  0.29
+2 7  0.34
+6 2 -1.20
+3 6  0.52
+6 0 -1.40
+6 4 -1.25
diff --git a/main.cpp b/main.cpp
index 88e841c..a4aba09 100644
--- a/main.cpp
+++ b/main.cpp
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include "KruskalMST.h"
 #include "DijkstraSP.h"
 #include "AcyclicSP.h"
+#include "BellmanFordSP.h"
 #include "tests/testUF.h"
 #include "tests/testSort.h"
 #include "tests/testPQ.h"
@@ -185,10 +186,12 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
         std::cout << "================================================" << "\n";
         testMST(G, KruskalMST(G));
         std::cout << "================================================" << "\n";
-    } else if (dataFilePath.filename() == "tinyEWD.txt" || dataFilePath.filename() == "tinyEWDAG.txt") {
+    } else if (dataFilePath.filename() == "tinyEWD.txt" || dataFilePath.filename() == "tinyEWDAG.txt" || dataFilePath.
+               filename() == "tinyEWDn.txt") {
         // 测试加权有向图相关算法
         // Example: ./algs4 ../data/tinyEWD.txt 0
         // Example: ./algs4 ../data/tinyEWDAG.txt 5
+        // Example: ./algs4 ../data/tinyEWDn.txt 0
         EdgeWeightedDigraph G([&dataFilePath] {
             std::cout << "Reading graph from file" << "\n";
             return std::ifstream(dataFilePath);
@@ -203,6 +206,10 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
         std::cout << "Testing 4.10 shortest paths in DAGs" << "\n";
         std::cout << "================================================" << "\n";
         testSP(G, s, AcyclicSP(G, s));
+        std::cout << "================================================" << "\n" << "\n";
+        std::cout << "Testing 4.11 shortest paths (Bellman-Ford)" << "\n";
+        std::cout << "================================================" << "\n";
+        testSP(G, s, BellmanFordSP(G, s));
         std::cout << "================================================" << "\n";
     }
     return 0;