diff --git a/rust/lance/src/index/vector/ivf/v2.rs b/rust/lance/src/index/vector/ivf/v2.rs
index f6ea14b107e..3e4451ef81a 100644
--- a/rust/lance/src/index/vector/ivf/v2.rs
+++ b/rust/lance/src/index/vector/ivf/v2.rs
@@ -670,6 +670,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     const NUM_ROWS: usize = 512;
     const DIM: usize = 32;
+    const PARTITION_SPLIT_APPEND_ROWS: usize = 50_000;
 
     async fn generate_test_dataset<T: ArrowPrimitiveType>(
         test_uri: &str,
@@ -729,6 +730,32 @@ mod tests {
         vectors
     }
 
+    async fn append_identical_vectors(dataset: &mut Dataset, num_rows: usize, vector: &[f32]) {
+        assert_eq!(
+            vector.len(),
+            DIM,
+            "vector length ({}) must match DIM ({})",
+            vector.len(),
+            DIM
+        );
+        let start_id = dataset.count_all_rows().await.unwrap() as u64;
+        let ids: ArrayRef = Arc::new(UInt64Array::from_iter_values(
+            start_id..start_id + num_rows as u64,
+        ));
+        let mut values = Vec::with_capacity(num_rows * DIM);
+        for _ in 0..num_rows {
+            values.extend_from_slice(vector);
+        }
+        let vectors: ArrayRef = Arc::new(
+            FixedSizeListArray::try_new_from_values(Float32Array::from(values), DIM as i32)
+                .unwrap(),
+        );
+        let schema = Arc::new(Schema::from(dataset.schema()));
+        let batch = RecordBatch::try_new(schema.clone(), vec![ids, vectors]).unwrap();
+        let batches = RecordBatchIterator::new(vec![Ok(batch)], schema);
+        dataset.append(batches, None).await.unwrap();
+    }
+
     fn generate_batch<T: ArrowPrimitiveType>(
         num_rows: usize,
         start_id: Option<u64>,
@@ -843,9 +870,9 @@ mod tests {
         test_uri: &str,
         params: VectorIndexParams,
         description: &str,
+        append_override: Option<Vec<f32>>,
     ) {
         const INDEX_NAME: &str = "vector_idx";
-        const APPEND_ROWS: usize = 50_000;
 
         dataset
             .create_index(
@@ -867,8 +894,13 @@ mod tests {
             initial_ctx.stats_json()
         );
 
-        // Append tightly clustered vectors so data flows into the same partition.
-        append_dataset::<Float32Type>(&mut dataset, APPEND_ROWS, 0.0..0.05).await;
+        // Append additional data to trigger a split.
+        if let Some(vector) = append_override {
+            append_identical_vectors(&mut dataset, PARTITION_SPLIT_APPEND_ROWS, &vector).await;
+        } else {
+            append_dataset::<Float32Type>(&mut dataset, PARTITION_SPLIT_APPEND_ROWS, 0.0..0.05)
+                .await;
+        }
 
         dataset
             .optimize_indices(&OptimizeOptions::new())
@@ -2168,15 +2200,73 @@ mod tests {
         let test_dir = TempStrDir::default();
         let test_uri = test_dir.as_str();
 
-        // Create initial dataset with just enough rows for 2 partitions
-        // Using a small initial dataset to avoid long test times
-        let (dataset, _) = generate_test_dataset::<Float32Type>(test_uri, 0.0..1.0).await;
+        // Build deterministic two-cluster data so centroids are predictable.
+        const ROWS_PER_CLUSTER: usize = 2_048;
+        let cluster_vectors = vec![
+            {
+                let mut v = vec![0.0; DIM];
+                v[0] = 1.0;
+                v
+            },
+            {
+                let mut v = vec![0.0; DIM];
+                v[1] = 1.0;
+                v
+            },
+        ];
+        let total_rows = ROWS_PER_CLUSTER * cluster_vectors.len();
+        let mut ids = Vec::with_capacity(total_rows);
+        let mut vector_values = Vec::with_capacity(total_rows * DIM);
+        let mut current_id = 0u64;
+        for cluster_vector in &cluster_vectors {
+            for _ in 0..ROWS_PER_CLUSTER {
+                ids.push(current_id);
+                current_id += 1;
+                vector_values.extend_from_slice(cluster_vector);
+            }
+        }
+
+        let schema = Arc::new(Schema::new(vec![
+            Field::new("id", DataType::UInt64, false),
+            Field::new(
+                "vector",
+                DataType::FixedSizeList(
+                    Arc::new(Field::new("item", DataType::Float32, true)),
+                    DIM as i32,
+                ),
+                false,
+            ),
+        ]));
+        let ids_array: ArrayRef = Arc::new(UInt64Array::from(ids));
+        let vectors_array: ArrayRef = Arc::new(
+            FixedSizeListArray::try_new_from_values(Float32Array::from(vector_values), DIM as i32)
+                .unwrap(),
+        );
+        let batch = RecordBatch::try_new(schema.clone(), vec![ids_array, vectors_array]).unwrap();
+        let batches = RecordBatchIterator::new(vec![Ok(batch)], schema.clone());
+        let dataset = Dataset::write(
+            batches,
+            test_uri,
+            Some(WriteParams {
+                mode: crate::dataset::WriteMode::Overwrite,
+                ..Default::default()
+            }),
+        )
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
 
         // Create an IVF-PQ index with 2 partitions
         // For IvfPq, target_partition_size = 8192
         // Split triggers when partition_size > 4 * 8192 = 32,768
         let params = VectorIndexParams::ivf_pq(2, 8, DIM / 8, DistanceType::L2, 50);
-        verify_partition_split_after_append(dataset, test_uri, params, "scalar vector data").await;
+        verify_partition_split_after_append(
+            dataset,
+            test_uri,
+            params,
+            "scalar vector data",
+            Some(cluster_vectors[0].clone()),
+        )
+        .await;
     }
 
     #[tokio::test]
@@ -2424,7 +2514,8 @@ mod tests {
         // For IvfPq, target_partition_size = 8192
         // Split triggers when partition_size > 4 * 8192 = 32,768
         let params = VectorIndexParams::ivf_pq(2, 8, DIM / 8, DistanceType::Cosine, 50);
-        verify_partition_split_after_append(dataset, test_uri, params, "multivector data").await;
+        verify_partition_split_after_append(dataset, test_uri, params, "multivector data", None)
+            .await;
     }
 
     #[tokio::test]