From edade38aa40b75f5e22ed8a9a412ba93092ddab1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Dean Chen <862469039@qq.com> Date: Wed, 12 Aug 2026 18:08:29 +0500 Subject: [PATCH] docs: move Usernetes under Rootless Docker/Podman section Usernetes has not been a host-native rootless install since gen2 (Kubernetes-in-Docker). Document KinD mode next to kind/minikube and note the KinK UserNS pod mode. Kubernetes-issue: 56637 Signed-off-by: Dean Chen <862469039@qq.com> --- .../administer-cluster/kubelet-in-userns.md | 23 ++++++++++++------- 1 file changed, 15 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-) diff --git a/content/en/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/kubelet-in-userns.md b/content/en/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/kubelet-in-userns.md index 3ed95f98c6ca0..7a35165bb15f6 100644 --- a/content/en/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/kubelet-in-userns.md +++ b/content/en/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/kubelet-in-userns.md @@ -49,6 +49,21 @@ See the Minikube documentation: * [Rootless Docker](https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/drivers/docker/) * [Rootless Podman](https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/drivers/podman/) +### Usernetes + +[Usernetes](https://github.com/rootless-containers/usernetes) is a reference +distribution that deploys multi-node Kubernetes clusters without root privileges +on the host. + +Its default mode runs **Kubernetes-in-Docker** on Rootless Docker, Rootless +Podman, or Rootless nerdctl (similar to rootless kind or minikube, with multi-host +support). It also supports a **Kubernetes-in-Kubernetes** mode that runs inside +an existing cluster as [UserNS-enabled pods](/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/user-namespaces/) +(`hostUsers: false`). + +See [the Usernetes repository](https://github.com/rootless-containers/usernetes) +for setup details. + ## Running Kubernetes inside Unprivileged Containers {{% thirdparty-content %}} @@ -77,14 +92,6 @@ the container plus several other advanced OS virtualization techniques. See [Running K3s with Rootless mode](https://rancher.com/docs/k3s/latest/en/advanced/#running-k3s-with-rootless-mode-experimental) for the usage. -### Usernetes -[Usernetes](https://github.com/rootless-containers/usernetes) is a reference distribution of Kubernetes that can be installed under `$HOME` directory without the root privilege. - -Usernetes supports both containerd and CRI-O as CRI runtimes. -Usernetes supports multi-node clusters using Flannel (VXLAN). - -See [the Usernetes repo](https://github.com/rootless-containers/usernetes) for the usage. - ## Manually deploy a node that runs the kubelet in a user namespace {#userns-the-hard-way} This section provides hints for running Kubernetes in a user namespace manually.