diff --git a/src/server/conn.rs b/src/server/conn.rs
index c729183fe1..296221d17f 100644
--- a/src/server/conn.rs
+++ b/src/server/conn.rs
@@ -25,10 +25,9 @@ use common::exec::{Exec, H2Exec, NewSvcExec};
 use common::io::Rewind;
 use error::{Kind, Parse};
 use proto;
-use service::Service;
+use service::{MakeServiceRef, Service};
 use upgrade::Upgraded;
 
-pub(super) use self::make_service::MakeServiceRef;
 pub(super) use self::spawn_all::NoopWatcher;
 use self::spawn_all::NewSvcTask;
 pub(super) use self::spawn_all::Watcher;
@@ -910,37 +909,3 @@ mod upgrades {
     }
 }
 
-pub(crate) mod make_service {
-    use std::error::Error as StdError;
-
-    pub trait MakeServiceRef<Ctx> {
-        type Error: Into<Box<StdError + Send + Sync>>;
-        type ReqBody: ::body::Payload;
-        type ResBody: ::body::Payload;
-        type Service: ::service::Service<ReqBody=Self::ReqBody, ResBody=Self::ResBody, Error=Self::Error>;
-        type Future: ::futures::Future<Item=Self::Service>;
-
-        fn make_service_ref(&mut self, ctx: &Ctx) -> Self::Future;
-    }
-
-    impl<T, Ctx, E, ME, S, F, IB, OB> MakeServiceRef<Ctx> for T
-    where
-        T: for<'a> ::service::MakeService<&'a Ctx, Error=E, MakeError=ME, Service=S, Future=F, ReqBody=IB, ResBody=OB>,
-        E: Into<Box<StdError + Send + Sync>>,
-        ME: Into<Box<StdError + Send + Sync>>,
-        S: ::service::Service<ReqBody=IB, ResBody=OB, Error=E>,
-        F: ::futures::Future<Item=S, Error=ME>,
-        IB: ::body::Payload,
-        OB: ::body::Payload,
-    {
-        type Error = E;
-        type Service = S;
-        type ReqBody = IB;
-        type ResBody = OB;
-        type Future = F;
-
-        fn make_service_ref(&mut self, ctx: &Ctx) -> Self::Future {
-            self.make_service(ctx)
-        }
-    }
-}
diff --git a/src/server/mod.rs b/src/server/mod.rs
index 681656e947..01cf071349 100644
--- a/src/server/mod.rs
+++ b/src/server/mod.rs
@@ -65,10 +65,10 @@ use tokio_io::{AsyncRead, AsyncWrite};
 
 use body::{Body, Payload};
 use common::exec::{Exec, H2Exec, NewSvcExec};
-use service::Service;
+use service::{MakeServiceRef, Service};
 // Renamed `Http` as `Http_` for now so that people upgrading don't see an
 // error that `hyper::server::Http` is private...
-use self::conn::{Http as Http_, MakeServiceRef, NoopWatcher, SpawnAll};
+use self::conn::{Http as Http_, NoopWatcher, SpawnAll};
 use self::shutdown::{Graceful, GracefulWatcher};
 #[cfg(feature = "runtime")] use self::tcp::AddrIncoming;
 
diff --git a/src/server/shutdown.rs b/src/server/shutdown.rs
index 167b3def96..4d464e6131 100644
--- a/src/server/shutdown.rs
+++ b/src/server/shutdown.rs
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ use tokio_io::{AsyncRead, AsyncWrite};
 use body::{Body, Payload};
 use common::drain::{self, Draining, Signal, Watch, Watching};
 use common::exec::{H2Exec, NewSvcExec};
-use service::Service;
-use super::conn::{MakeServiceRef, SpawnAll, UpgradeableConnection, Watcher};
+use service::{MakeServiceRef, Service};
+use super::conn::{SpawnAll, UpgradeableConnection, Watcher};
 
 #[allow(missing_debug_implementations)]
 pub struct Graceful<I, S, F, E> {
diff --git a/src/service/make_service.rs b/src/service/make_service.rs
index e2cdad3a2a..f694e30cc5 100644
--- a/src/service/make_service.rs
+++ b/src/service/make_service.rs
@@ -34,6 +34,68 @@ pub trait MakeService<Ctx> {
     fn make_service(&mut self, ctx: Ctx) -> Self::Future;
 }
 
+// Just a sort-of "trait alias" of `MakeService`, not to be implemented
+// by anyone, only used as bounds.
+#[doc(hidden)]
+pub trait MakeServiceRef<Ctx>: self::sealed::Sealed<Ctx> {
+    type ReqBody: Payload;
+    type ResBody: Payload;
+    type Error: Into<Box<StdError + Send + Sync>>;
+    type Service: Service<
+        ReqBody=Self::ReqBody,
+        ResBody=Self::ResBody,
+        Error=Self::Error,
+    >;
+    type Future: Future<Item=Self::Service>;
+
+    // Acting like a #[non_exhaustive] for associated types of this trait.
+    //
+    // Basically, no one outside of hyper should be able to set this type
+    // or declare bounds on it, so it should prevent people from creating
+    // trait objects or otherwise writing code that requires using *all*
+    // of the associated types.
+    //
+    // Why? So we can add new associated types to this alias in the future,
+    // if necessary.
+    type __DontNameMe: self::sealed::CantImpl;
+
+    fn make_service_ref(&mut self, ctx: &Ctx) -> Self::Future;
+}
+
+impl<T, Ctx, E, ME, S, F, IB, OB> MakeServiceRef<Ctx> for T
+where
+    T: for<'a> MakeService<&'a Ctx, Error=E, MakeError=ME, Service=S, Future=F, ReqBody=IB, ResBody=OB>,
+    E: Into<Box<StdError + Send + Sync>>,
+    ME: Into<Box<StdError + Send + Sync>>,
+    S: Service<ReqBody=IB, ResBody=OB, Error=E>,
+    F: Future<Item=S, Error=ME>,
+    IB: Payload,
+    OB: Payload,
+{
+    type Error = E;
+    type Service = S;
+    type ReqBody = IB;
+    type ResBody = OB;
+    type Future = F;
+
+    type __DontNameMe = self::sealed::CantName;
+
+    fn make_service_ref(&mut self, ctx: &Ctx) -> Self::Future {
+        self.make_service(ctx)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T, Ctx, E, ME, S, F, IB, OB> self::sealed::Sealed<Ctx> for T
+where
+    T: for<'a> MakeService<&'a Ctx, Error=E, MakeError=ME, Service=S, Future=F, ReqBody=IB, ResBody=OB>,
+    E: Into<Box<StdError + Send + Sync>>,
+    ME: Into<Box<StdError + Send + Sync>>,
+    S: Service<ReqBody=IB, ResBody=OB, Error=E>,
+    F: Future<Item=S, Error=ME>,
+    IB: Payload,
+    OB: Payload,
+{}
+
 
 /// Create a `MakeService` from a function.
 ///
@@ -94,3 +156,13 @@ impl<F> fmt::Debug for MakeServiceFn<F> {
     }
 }
 
+mod sealed {
+    pub trait Sealed<T> {}
+
+    pub trait CantImpl {}
+
+    #[allow(missing_debug_implementations)]
+    pub enum CantName {}
+
+    impl CantImpl for CantName {}
+}
diff --git a/src/service/mod.rs b/src/service/mod.rs
index 95b2fba510..54faca8d65 100644
--- a/src/service/mod.rs
+++ b/src/service/mod.rs
@@ -33,7 +33,8 @@ mod make_service;
 mod new_service;
 mod service;
 
-pub use self::make_service::{make_service_fn, MakeService};
+pub use self::make_service::{make_service_fn, MakeService, MakeServiceRef};
+// NewService is soft-deprecated.
 #[doc(hidden)]
 pub use self::new_service::NewService;
 pub use self::service::{service_fn, service_fn_ok, Service};