diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/blank.yaml b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/blank.yaml
index 9a3b2920320..639bd575ffe 100644
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/blank.yaml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/blank.yaml
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ body:
       - otelcol.exporter.datadog
       - otelcol.exporter.debug
       - otelcol.exporter.faro
+      - otelcol.exporter.file
       - otelcol.exporter.googlecloud
       - otelcol.exporter.googlecloudpubsub
       - otelcol.exporter.kafka
diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yaml b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yaml
index a91fc4e793a..ddc6c890e3b 100644
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yaml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yaml
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ body:
       - otelcol.exporter.datadog
       - otelcol.exporter.debug
       - otelcol.exporter.faro
+      - otelcol.exporter.file
       - otelcol.exporter.googlecloud
       - otelcol.exporter.googlecloudpubsub
       - otelcol.exporter.kafka
diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/docs.yaml b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/docs.yaml
index 5b927b7ab5d..e7c57c56bf2 100644
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/docs.yaml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/docs.yaml
@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@ body:
       - otelcol.exporter.datadog
       - otelcol.exporter.debug
       - otelcol.exporter.faro
+      - otelcol.exporter.file
       - otelcol.exporter.googlecloud
       - otelcol.exporter.googlecloudpubsub
       - otelcol.exporter.kafka
diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.yaml b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.yaml
index ab8c4e54da5..156c79fd0f6 100644
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.yaml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.yaml
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ body:
       - otelcol.exporter.datadog
       - otelcol.exporter.debug
       - otelcol.exporter.faro
+      - otelcol.exporter.file
       - otelcol.exporter.googlecloud
       - otelcol.exporter.googlecloudpubsub
       - otelcol.exporter.kafka
diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/proposal.yaml b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/proposal.yaml
index 91a85c121a9..7def2c7147e 100644
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/proposal.yaml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/proposal.yaml
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ body:
       - otelcol.exporter.datadog
       - otelcol.exporter.debug
       - otelcol.exporter.faro
+      - otelcol.exporter.file
       - otelcol.exporter.googlecloud
       - otelcol.exporter.googlecloudpubsub
       - otelcol.exporter.kafka
diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 0d24d013f0f..ee38a783ef6 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -73,6 +73,8 @@ v1.12.0
 
 ### Features
 
+- Add `otelcol.exporter.file` component to write metrics, logs, and traces to disk with optional rotation, compression, and grouping by resource attribute. (@madhub)
+
 - (_Experimental_) Add an `otelcol.receiver.cloudflare` component to receive
   logs pushed by Cloudflare's [LogPush](https://developers.cloudflare.com/logs/logpush/) jobs. (@x1unix)
 
diff --git a/docs/sources/reference/compatibility/_index.md b/docs/sources/reference/compatibility/_index.md
index 55ae1649ab0..439d4ea2d05 100644
--- a/docs/sources/reference/compatibility/_index.md
+++ b/docs/sources/reference/compatibility/_index.md
@@ -318,6 +318,7 @@ The following components, grouped by namespace, _export_ OpenTelemetry `otelcol.
 - [otelcol.exporter.datadog](../components/otelcol/otelcol.exporter.datadog)
 - [otelcol.exporter.debug](../components/otelcol/otelcol.exporter.debug)
 - [otelcol.exporter.faro](../components/otelcol/otelcol.exporter.faro)
+- [otelcol.exporter.file](../components/otelcol/otelcol.exporter.file)
 - [otelcol.exporter.googlecloud](../components/otelcol/otelcol.exporter.googlecloud)
 - [otelcol.exporter.googlecloudpubsub](../components/otelcol/otelcol.exporter.googlecloudpubsub)
 - [otelcol.exporter.kafka](../components/otelcol/otelcol.exporter.kafka)
diff --git a/docs/sources/reference/components/otelcol/otelcol.exporter.file.md b/docs/sources/reference/components/otelcol/otelcol.exporter.file.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1bda65a39ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/sources/reference/components/otelcol/otelcol.exporter.file.md
@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+---
+canonical: https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/reference/components/otelcol/otelcol.exporter.file/
+description: Learn about otelcol.exporter.file
+labels:
+  stage: public-preview
+  products:
+    - oss
+title: otelcol.exporter.file
+---
+
+# `otelcol.exporter.file`
+
+`otelcol.exporter.file` accepts metrics, logs, and traces telemetry data from other `otelcol` components and writes it to files on disk.
+You can write data in JSON or Protocol Buffers `proto` format.
+You can optionally enable file rotation, compression, and separate output files based on a resource attribute.
+
+{{< admonition type="note" >}}
+`otelcol.exporter.file` is a wrapper over the upstream OpenTelemetry Collector Contrib [`fileexporter`][] exporter.
+Bug reports or feature requests will be redirected to the upstream repository, if necessary.
+
+[`fileexporter`]: https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/tree/{{< param "OTEL_VERSION" >}}/exporter/fileexporter
+{{< /admonition >}}
+
+You can specify multiple `otelcol.exporter.file` components by giving them different labels.
+
+## Usage
+
+```alloy
+otelcol.exporter.file "<LABEL>" {
+  path = "<PATH>"
+}
+```
+
+## Arguments
+
+You can use the following arguments with `otelcol.exporter.file`:
+
+| Name             | Type       | Description                                              | Default  | Required |
+| ---------------- | ---------- | -------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | -------- |
+| `path`           | `string`   | Path to the file to write telemetry data.                |          | yes      |
+| `append`         | `bool`     | Append to the file when `true`; truncate when `false`.   | `false`  | no       |
+| `compression`    | `string`   | Compression algorithm. Alloy supports only `"zstd"`.     |          | no       |
+| `flush_interval` | `duration` | Time between flushes to disk. Must be greater than zero. | `"1s"`   | no       |
+| `format`         | `string`   | Data format. Must be `"json"` or `"proto"`.              | `"json"` | no       |
+
+You can't enable `append` and `compression` together.
+
+{{< admonition type="note" >}}
+The upstream `encoding` argument isn't supported.
+Use `format` instead.
+{{< /admonition >}}
+
+## Blocks
+
+You can use the following blocks with `otelcol.exporter.file`:
+
+| Block                            | Description                                                          | Required |
+| -------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- |
+| [`debug_metrics`][debug_metrics] | Configures internal metrics for this component.                      | no       |
+| [`group_by`][group_by]           | Writes to separate files based on a resource attribute value.        | no       |
+| [`rotation`][rotation]           | Configures file rotation. Ignored when `group_by.enabled` is `true`. | no       |
+
+You can't enable `append` and `rotation` together.
+
+[debug_metrics]: #debug_metrics
+[group_by]: #group_by
+[rotation]: #rotation
+
+### `debug_metrics`
+
+{{< docs/shared lookup="reference/components/otelcol-debug-metrics-block.md" source="alloy" version="<ALLOY_VERSION>" >}}
+
+### `group_by`
+
+The `group_by` block writes telemetry to separate files based on a resource attribute.
+
+| Name                 | Type     | Description                                            | Default                       | Required |
+| -------------------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------- | -------- |
+| `enabled`            | `bool`   | Enable `group_by` behavior.                            | `false`                       | no       |
+| `max_open_files`     | `int`    | Maximum number of simultaneously open files.           | `100`                         | no       |
+| `resource_attribute` | `string` | Resource attribute whose value replaces `*` in `path`. | `"fileexporter.path_segment"` | no       |
+
+When `group_by.enabled` is `true`:
+
+- `path` must contain exactly one `*` character.
+- The exporter replaces the `*` with the `resource_attribute` value.
+- `rotation` settings don't apply.
+
+### `rotation`
+
+The `rotation` block configures rolling log file behavior.
+
+| Name            | Type   | Description                                                           | Default | Required |
+| --------------- | ------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------- | -------- |
+| `localtime`     | `bool` | Use local time instead of UTC in rotated filenames.                   | `false` | no       |
+| `max_backups`   | `int`  | Maximum number of rotated files to retain.                            | `100`   | no       |
+| `max_days`      | `int`  | Maximum number of days to retain files. `0` keeps files indefinitely. | `0`     | no       |
+| `max_megabytes` | `int`  | Maximum size in megabytes before the file rotates.                    | `100`   | no       |
+
+## Exported fields
+
+`otelcol.exporter.file` doesn't export any fields.
+
+## Component health
+
+`otelcol.exporter.file` is only reported as unhealthy if given an invalid configuration.
+
+## Debug information
+
+`otelcol.exporter.file` doesn't expose any component-specific debug information.
+
+## Examples
+
+The following examples demonstrate how you can use `otelcol.exporter.file`.
+
+### Basic file export
+
+```alloy
+otelcol.exporter.file "default" {
+  path = "/tmp/traces.json"
+}
+```
+
+### File export with rotation
+
+```alloy
+otelcol.exporter.file "rotated" {
+  path   = "/var/log/telemetry.json"
+  format = "json"
+
+  rotation {
+    max_megabytes = 50
+    max_days      = 7
+    max_backups   = 10
+    localtime     = true
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### File export with compression
+
+```alloy
+otelcol.exporter.file "compressed" {
+  path        = "/tmp/traces.jsonl"
+  format      = "proto"
+  compression = "zstd"
+}
+```
+
+### Group by resource attribute
+
+```alloy
+otelcol.exporter.file "grouped" {
+  path = "/tmp/logs/*/service.log"
+  
+  group_by {
+    enabled           = true
+    resource_attribute = "service.name"
+    max_open_files     = 50
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### Complete pipeline
+
+```alloy
+otelcol.receiver.otlp "default" {
+  grpc {
+    endpoint = "0.0.0.0:4317"
+  }
+
+  http {
+    endpoint = "0.0.0.0:4318"
+  }
+
+  output {
+    metrics = [otelcol.exporter.file.default.input]
+    logs    = [otelcol.exporter.file.default.input]
+    traces  = [otelcol.exporter.file.default.input]
+  }
+}
+
+otelcol.exporter.file "default" {
+  path           = "/tmp/telemetry.json"
+  format         = "json"
+  flush_interval = "5s"
+
+  rotation {
+    max_megabytes = 100
+    max_backups   = 5
+  }
+}
+```
+
+## Technical details
+
+The `otelcol.exporter.file` component writes telemetry data to files on disk in either JSON or Protocol Buffers format.
+It supports:
+
+- **File rotation**: Automatically rotate files based on size, age, or number of backups
+- **Compression**: Compress output files using `zstd` algorithm
+- **Group by attributes**: Write to different files based on resource attribute values
+- **Flushing**: Configurable flush intervals to control write frequency
+
+### File formats
+
+- **JSON format**: Each telemetry record is written as a separate line in JSON format (JSONL)
+- **`proto` format**: Binary Protocol Buffers format with length-prefixed messages
+
+### File naming with rotation
+
+When rotation is enabled, rotated files are renamed with a timestamp:
+
+- Original: `data.json`
+- Rotated: `data-2023-09-20T10-30-00.123.json`
+
+### Group by functionality
+
+When `group_by` is enabled, files are created dynamically based on resource attribute values:
+
+- Path template: `/logs/*/app.log`
+- Resource attribute `service.name=frontend`
+- Resulting file: `/logs/frontend/app.log`
+
+<!-- START GENERATED COMPATIBLE COMPONENTS -->
+
+## Compatible components
+
+`otelcol.exporter.file` has exports that can be consumed by the following components:
+
+- Components that consume [OpenTelemetry `otelcol.Consumer`](../../../compatibility/#opentelemetry-otelcolconsumer-consumers)
+
+{{< admonition type="note" >}}
+Connecting some components may not be sensible or components may require further configuration to make the connection work correctly.
+Refer to the linked documentation for more details.
+{{< /admonition >}}
+
+<!-- END GENERATED COMPATIBLE COMPONENTS -->
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/go.mod b/go.mod
index a0787643f28..8288adae812 100644
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -126,6 +126,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/exporter/awss3exporter v0.139.0
 	github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/exporter/datadogexporter v0.139.0
 	github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/exporter/faroexporter v0.139.0
+	github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/exporter/fileexporter v0.139.0
 	github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/exporter/googlecloudexporter v0.139.0
 	github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/exporter/googlecloudpubsubexporter v0.139.0
 	github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/exporter/kafkaexporter v0.139.0
diff --git a/go.sum b/go.sum
index 345496a7285..f2eb8fe1674 100644
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@@ -1752,6 +1752,8 @@ github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/exporter/datadogexport
 github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/exporter/datadogexporter v0.139.0/go.mod h1:9NnMIHYfX/puYksPAqlevBN15Lb6TioPQJtNxUUVJZY=
 github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/exporter/faroexporter v0.139.0 h1:pwNl0a3FoDcCtXfEUiiCypl8L+eUgKfBnaghZ4pVSgA=
 github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/exporter/faroexporter v0.139.0/go.mod h1:b/T0K7kht0LE7MK1nUqW7Q1PxPF4NLApgtjWiNZh67A=
+github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/exporter/fileexporter v0.139.0 h1:QJgMzOfN1LAsDx5mK8tmdxnARkmZIW14HHyL0mnH0w0=
+github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/exporter/fileexporter v0.139.0/go.mod h1:alvQHqc6nmNM05X4kxX4PcTU6R6YdvTPohg42fDFeks=
 github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/exporter/googlecloudexporter v0.139.0 h1:KSgaZjjYYJtN2bUklE5LiRwp5VR/77U/0h831IXSfkk=
 github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/exporter/googlecloudexporter v0.139.0/go.mod h1:yZxz+KdnBYFzZ2VksYoKpmQ2pYqslYVCiVT6WDXjQ1s=
 github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/exporter/googlecloudpubsubexporter v0.139.0 h1:sGyXfDvxUtCESxoO8uBVu2Hd7yC0Vop8WN4+WmJFKkE=
@@ -1774,6 +1776,8 @@ github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/extension/bearertokena
 github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/extension/bearertokenauthextension v0.139.0/go.mod h1:SpIy4uzTAvb2py2eh2Xg/yDRFX0AZDykAHiT4WzPQHo=
 github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/extension/encoding v0.139.0 h1:1QFqedMedvZsRpmQaO5oWr5pJi7+3i5OwEM+IAP/Tkk=
 github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/extension/encoding v0.139.0/go.mod h1:9mpukHt/0N6vy/8/gvI6+bg6I2dLd2LR1mT0kDVKPNs=
+github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/extension/encoding/otlpencodingextension v0.139.0 h1:vZ7KJwUsS/nwZLc//vByccWV2xOOmkrLcQ4PchYwY+k=
+github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/extension/encoding/otlpencodingextension v0.139.0/go.mod h1:5aszmchJt3fNr1eWTZUD+NItZmNbltOpP7flOcVc+5Q=
 github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/extension/headerssetterextension v0.139.0 h1:xaZsP6s0TRQRgly/kBCJvputnLmE781MuWEXkBL+Wa8=
 github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/extension/headerssetterextension v0.139.0/go.mod h1:UnK8tYeOy+bqYhBhx3n/fj1F2StDF53pAVemG6ksu7Y=
 github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/extension/jaegerremotesampling v0.139.0 h1:3xO0afygr8eAcAjmWHZ/1XZw7QVzuroHRnN53RshW/8=
diff --git a/internal/component/all/all.go b/internal/component/all/all.go
index 3f739dbe63f..af8f8616efa 100644
--- a/internal/component/all/all.go
+++ b/internal/component/all/all.go
@@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ import (
 	_ "github.com/grafana/alloy/internal/component/otelcol/exporter/datadog"                 // Import otelcol.exporter.datadog
 	_ "github.com/grafana/alloy/internal/component/otelcol/exporter/debug"                   // Import otelcol.exporter.debug
 	_ "github.com/grafana/alloy/internal/component/otelcol/exporter/faro"                    // Import otelcol.exporter.faro
+	_ "github.com/grafana/alloy/internal/component/otelcol/exporter/file"                    // Import otelcol.exporter.file
 	_ "github.com/grafana/alloy/internal/component/otelcol/exporter/googlecloud"             // Import otelcol.exporter.googlecloud
 	_ "github.com/grafana/alloy/internal/component/otelcol/exporter/googlecloudpubsub"       // Import otelcol.exporter.googlecloudpubsub
 	_ "github.com/grafana/alloy/internal/component/otelcol/exporter/kafka"                   // Import otelcol.exporter.kafka
diff --git a/internal/component/otelcol/exporter/file/file.go b/internal/component/otelcol/exporter/file/file.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..862b313f0f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/component/otelcol/exporter/file/file.go
@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+// Package file provides an otelcol.exporter.file component.
+package file
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/grafana/alloy/internal/component"
+	"github.com/grafana/alloy/internal/component/otelcol"
+	otelcolCfg "github.com/grafana/alloy/internal/component/otelcol/config"
+	"github.com/grafana/alloy/internal/component/otelcol/exporter"
+	"github.com/grafana/alloy/internal/featuregate"
+	"github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/exporter/fileexporter"
+	otelcomponent "go.opentelemetry.io/collector/component"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/pipeline"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	component.Register(component.Registration{
+		Name:      "otelcol.exporter.file",
+		Stability: featuregate.StabilityPublicPreview,
+		Args:      Arguments{},
+		Exports:   otelcol.ConsumerExports{},
+
+		Build: func(opts component.Options, args component.Arguments) (component.Component, error) {
+			fact := fileexporter.NewFactory()
+			return exporter.New(opts, fact, args.(Arguments), exporter.TypeSignalConstFunc(exporter.TypeAll))
+		},
+	})
+}
+
+// Arguments configures the otelcol.exporter.file component.
+type Arguments struct {
+	// Path of the file to write to. Path is relative to current directory.
+	Path string `alloy:"path,attr"`
+
+	// Append defines whether the exporter should append to the file.
+	// Options:
+	// - false[default]:  truncates the file
+	// - true:  appends to the file.
+	Append bool `alloy:"append,attr,optional"`
+
+	// Rotation defines an option about rotation of telemetry files. Ignored
+	// when GroupBy is enabled.
+	Rotation *Rotation `alloy:"rotation,block,optional"`
+
+	// FormatType define the data format of encoded telemetry data
+	// Options:
+	// - json[default]:  OTLP json bytes.
+	// - proto:  OTLP binary protobuf bytes.
+	Format string `alloy:"format,attr,optional"`
+
+	// Encoding defines the encoding of the telemetry data.
+	// If specified, it overrides `Format` and applies an encoding extension.
+	Encoding string `alloy:"encoding,attr,optional"`
+
+	// Compression Codec used to export telemetry data
+	// Supported compression algorithms:`zstd`
+	Compression string `alloy:"compression,attr,optional"`
+
+	// FlushInterval is the duration between flushes.
+	// See time.ParseDuration for valid values.
+	FlushInterval time.Duration `alloy:"flush_interval,attr,optional"`
+
+	// GroupBy enables writing to separate files based on a resource attribute.
+	GroupBy *GroupBy `alloy:"group_by,block,optional"`
+
+	// DebugMetrics configures component internal metrics. Optional.
+	DebugMetrics otelcolCfg.DebugMetricsArguments `alloy:"debug_metrics,block,optional"`
+}
+
+// Rotation defines an option to rolling log files
+type Rotation struct {
+	// MaxMegabytes is the maximum size in megabytes of the file before it gets
+	// rotated. It defaults to 100 megabytes.
+	MaxMegabytes int `alloy:"max_megabytes,attr,optional"`
+
+	// MaxDays is the maximum number of days to retain old log files based on the
+	// timestamp encoded in their filename.  Note that a day is defined as 24
+	// hours and may not exactly correspond to calendar days due to daylight
+	// savings, leap seconds, etc. The default is not to remove old log files
+	// based on age.
+	MaxDays int `alloy:"max_days,attr,optional"`
+
+	// MaxBackups is the maximum number of old log files to retain. The default
+	// is to 100 files.
+	MaxBackups int `alloy:"max_backups,attr,optional"`
+
+	// LocalTime determines if the time used for formatting the timestamps in
+	// backup files is the computer's local time.  The default is to use UTC
+	// time.
+	LocalTime bool `alloy:"localtime,attr,optional"`
+}
+
+type GroupBy struct {
+	// Enables group_by. When group_by is enabled, rotation setting is ignored. Default is false.
+	Enabled bool `alloy:"enabled,attr,optional"`
+
+	// ResourceAttribute specifies the name of the resource attribute that
+	// contains the path segment of the file to write to. The final path will be
+	// the Path config value, with the * replaced with the value of this resource
+	// attribute. Default is "fileexporter.path_segment".
+	ResourceAttribute string `alloy:"resource_attribute,attr,optional"`
+
+	// MaxOpenFiles specifies the maximum number of open file descriptors for the output files.
+	// The default is 100.
+	MaxOpenFiles int `alloy:"max_open_files,attr,optional"`
+}
+
+var _ exporter.Arguments = Arguments{}
+
+// SetToDefault implements syntax.Defaulter.
+func (args *Arguments) SetToDefault() {
+	*args = Arguments{
+		Format:        "json",
+		FlushInterval: time.Second,
+	}
+	args.DebugMetrics.SetToDefault()
+}
+
+// SetToDefault implements syntax.Defaulter.
+func (r *Rotation) SetToDefault() {
+	*r = Rotation{
+		MaxMegabytes: 100,
+		MaxBackups:   100,
+	}
+}
+
+// SetToDefault implements syntax.Defaulter.
+func (g *GroupBy) SetToDefault() {
+	*g = GroupBy{
+		ResourceAttribute: "fileexporter.path_segment",
+		MaxOpenFiles:      100,
+	}
+}
+
+// Convert implements exporter.Arguments.
+func (args Arguments) Convert() (otelcomponent.Config, error) {
+	cfg := &fileexporter.Config{
+		Path:          args.Path,
+		Append:        args.Append,
+		FormatType:    args.Format,
+		Compression:   args.Compression,
+		FlushInterval: args.FlushInterval,
+	}
+
+	if args.Encoding != "" {
+		// For now, we'll skip the encoding feature as it requires more complex component ID parsing
+		// TODO: Implement proper encoding support
+		return nil, errors.New("encoding parameter is not yet supported")
+	}
+
+	if args.Rotation != nil {
+		cfg.Rotation = &fileexporter.Rotation{
+			MaxMegabytes: args.Rotation.MaxMegabytes,
+			MaxDays:      args.Rotation.MaxDays,
+			MaxBackups:   args.Rotation.MaxBackups,
+			LocalTime:    args.Rotation.LocalTime,
+		}
+	}
+
+	if args.GroupBy != nil {
+		cfg.GroupBy = &fileexporter.GroupBy{
+			Enabled:           args.GroupBy.Enabled,
+			ResourceAttribute: args.GroupBy.ResourceAttribute,
+			MaxOpenFiles:      args.GroupBy.MaxOpenFiles,
+		}
+	}
+
+	return cfg, nil
+}
+
+// Extensions implements exporter.Arguments.
+func (args Arguments) Extensions() map[otelcomponent.ID]otelcomponent.Component {
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Exporters implements exporter.Arguments.
+func (args Arguments) Exporters() map[pipeline.Signal]map[otelcomponent.ID]otelcomponent.Component {
+	return nil
+}
+
+// DebugMetricsConfig implements exporter.Arguments.
+func (args Arguments) DebugMetricsConfig() otelcolCfg.DebugMetricsArguments {
+	return args.DebugMetrics
+}
+
+// Validate implements syntax.Validator.
+func (args *Arguments) Validate() error {
+	// Convert to upstream config and let upstream validate
+	cfg, err := args.Convert()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// cast to fileexporter.Config
+	fileCfg, ok := cfg.(*fileexporter.Config)
+	if !ok {
+		return errors.New("failed to validate configuration: not a fileexporter config")
+	}
+
+	return fileCfg.Validate()
+}
diff --git a/internal/component/otelcol/exporter/file/file_test.go b/internal/component/otelcol/exporter/file/file_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fffcb1120ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/component/otelcol/exporter/file/file_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,236 @@
+package file
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/grafana/alloy/syntax"
+	"github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/exporter/fileexporter"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestArguments_SetToDefault(t *testing.T) {
+	var args Arguments
+	args.SetToDefault()
+
+	require.Equal(t, "json", args.Format)
+	require.Equal(t, time.Second, args.FlushInterval)
+	require.Nil(t, args.Rotation)
+	require.Nil(t, args.GroupBy)
+}
+
+func TestArguments_Validate(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name    string
+		args    Arguments
+		wantErr string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "valid config",
+			args: Arguments{Path: "/tmp/test.json", Format: "json", FlushInterval: time.Second},
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "empty path",
+			args:    Arguments{Path: "", Format: "json", FlushInterval: time.Second},
+			wantErr: "path must be non-empty",
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "append and compression",
+			args:    Arguments{Path: "/tmp/test.json", Format: "json", FlushInterval: time.Second, Append: true, Compression: "zstd"},
+			wantErr: "append and compression enabled at the same time is not supported",
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "append and rotation",
+			args:    Arguments{Path: "/tmp/test.json", Format: "json", FlushInterval: time.Second, Append: true, Rotation: &Rotation{MaxBackups: 5}},
+			wantErr: "append and rotation enabled at the same time is not supported",
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "invalid format",
+			args:    Arguments{Path: "/tmp/test.json", Format: "xml", FlushInterval: time.Second},
+			wantErr: "format type is not supported",
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "invalid compression",
+			args:    Arguments{Path: "/tmp/test.json", Format: "json", FlushInterval: time.Second, Compression: "gzip"},
+			wantErr: "compression is not supported",
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "negative flush interval",
+			args:    Arguments{Path: "/tmp/test.json", Format: "json", FlushInterval: -time.Second},
+			wantErr: "flush_interval must be larger than zero",
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "zero flush interval",
+			args:    Arguments{Path: "/tmp/test.json", Format: "json", FlushInterval: -1},
+			wantErr: "flush_interval must be larger than zero",
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "group_by without asterisk",
+			args:    Arguments{Path: "/tmp/test.json", Format: "json", FlushInterval: time.Second, GroupBy: &GroupBy{Enabled: true, ResourceAttribute: "svc.name"}},
+			wantErr: "path must contain exactly one * when group_by is enabled",
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "group_by path starts with asterisk",
+			args:    Arguments{Path: "*/tmp/test.json", Format: "json", FlushInterval: time.Second, GroupBy: &GroupBy{Enabled: true, ResourceAttribute: "svc.name"}},
+			wantErr: "path must not start with * when group_by is enabled",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			err := tt.args.Validate()
+			if tt.wantErr == "" {
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				if tt.name == "group_by defaults applied" {
+					require.Equal(t, "fileexporter.path_segment", tt.args.GroupBy.ResourceAttribute)
+					require.Equal(t, 100, tt.args.GroupBy.MaxOpenFiles)
+				}
+			} else {
+				require.Error(t, err)
+				require.Contains(t, err.Error(), tt.wantErr)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestArguments_Convert_EncodingUnsupported(t *testing.T) {
+	args := Arguments{Path: "/tmp/test.json", Format: "json", FlushInterval: time.Second, Encoding: "proto"}
+	_, err := args.Convert()
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	require.Contains(t, err.Error(), "encoding parameter is not yet supported")
+}
+
+func TestArguments_Convert(t *testing.T) {
+	args := Arguments{
+		Path:          "/tmp/*/test.json",
+		Format:        "json",
+		Append:        false,
+		Compression:   "zstd",
+		FlushInterval: 5 * time.Second,
+		Rotation: &Rotation{
+			MaxMegabytes: 50,
+			MaxDays:      7,
+			MaxBackups:   10,
+			LocalTime:    true,
+		},
+		GroupBy: &GroupBy{
+			Enabled:           true,
+			ResourceAttribute: "service.name",
+			MaxOpenFiles:      50,
+		},
+	}
+
+	cfg, err := args.Convert()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NotNil(t, cfg)
+
+	require.NoError(t, args.Validate())
+
+	fileCfg := cfg.(*fileexporter.Config)
+	require.Equal(t, "/tmp/*/test.json", fileCfg.Path)
+	require.Equal(t, "json", fileCfg.FormatType)
+	require.False(t, fileCfg.Append)
+	require.Equal(t, "zstd", fileCfg.Compression)
+	require.Equal(t, 5*time.Second, fileCfg.FlushInterval)
+
+	require.NotNil(t, fileCfg.Rotation)
+	require.Equal(t, 50, fileCfg.Rotation.MaxMegabytes)
+	require.Equal(t, 7, fileCfg.Rotation.MaxDays)
+	require.Equal(t, 10, fileCfg.Rotation.MaxBackups)
+	require.True(t, fileCfg.Rotation.LocalTime)
+
+	require.NotNil(t, fileCfg.GroupBy)
+	require.True(t, fileCfg.GroupBy.Enabled)
+	require.Equal(t, "service.name", fileCfg.GroupBy.ResourceAttribute)
+	require.Equal(t, 50, fileCfg.GroupBy.MaxOpenFiles)
+}
+
+func TestArguments_UnmarshalAlloy(t *testing.T) {
+	alloyCfg := `
+path = "/tmp/*/test.json"
+format = "json"
+append = false
+compression = "zstd"
+flush_interval = "5s"
+
+rotation {
+  max_megabytes = 50
+  max_days = 7
+  max_backups = 10
+  localtime = true
+}
+
+group_by {
+  enabled = true
+  resource_attribute = "service.name"
+  max_open_files = 50
+}
+`
+
+	var args Arguments
+	err := syntax.Unmarshal([]byte(alloyCfg), &args)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	require.NoError(t, args.Validate())
+
+	require.Equal(t, "/tmp/*/test.json", args.Path)
+	require.Equal(t, "json", args.Format)
+	require.False(t, args.Append)
+	require.Equal(t, "zstd", args.Compression)
+	require.Equal(t, 5*time.Second, args.FlushInterval)
+
+	require.NotNil(t, args.Rotation)
+	require.Equal(t, 50, args.Rotation.MaxMegabytes)
+	require.Equal(t, 7, args.Rotation.MaxDays)
+	require.Equal(t, 10, args.Rotation.MaxBackups)
+	require.True(t, args.Rotation.LocalTime)
+
+	require.NotNil(t, args.GroupBy)
+	require.True(t, args.GroupBy.Enabled)
+	require.Equal(t, "service.name", args.GroupBy.ResourceAttribute)
+	require.Equal(t, 50, args.GroupBy.MaxOpenFiles)
+}
+
+func TestArguments_UnmarshalAlloyWithGroupByDefaults(t *testing.T) {
+	alloyCfg := `
+path = "/tmp/*/test.json"
+format = "json"
+append = false
+compression = "zstd"
+flush_interval = "5s"
+
+rotation {
+  max_megabytes = 50
+  max_days = 7
+  max_backups = 10
+  localtime = true
+}
+
+group_by {
+  enabled = true
+}
+`
+
+	var args Arguments
+	err := syntax.Unmarshal([]byte(alloyCfg), &args)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	require.NoError(t, args.Validate())
+
+	require.Equal(t, "/tmp/*/test.json", args.Path)
+	require.Equal(t, "json", args.Format)
+	require.False(t, args.Append)
+	require.Equal(t, "zstd", args.Compression)
+	require.Equal(t, 5*time.Second, args.FlushInterval)
+
+	require.NotNil(t, args.Rotation)
+	require.Equal(t, 50, args.Rotation.MaxMegabytes)
+	require.Equal(t, 7, args.Rotation.MaxDays)
+	require.Equal(t, 10, args.Rotation.MaxBackups)
+	require.True(t, args.Rotation.LocalTime)
+
+	require.NotNil(t, args.GroupBy)
+	require.True(t, args.GroupBy.Enabled)
+	require.Equal(t, "fileexporter.path_segment", args.GroupBy.ResourceAttribute)
+	require.Equal(t, 100, args.GroupBy.MaxOpenFiles)
+}
diff --git a/internal/converter/internal/otelcolconvert/converter_fileexporter.go b/internal/converter/internal/otelcolconvert/converter_fileexporter.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..dd23a1b7b96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/converter/internal/otelcolconvert/converter_fileexporter.go
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+package otelcolconvert
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/grafana/alloy/internal/component/otelcol/exporter/file"
+	"github.com/grafana/alloy/internal/converter/diag"
+	"github.com/grafana/alloy/internal/converter/internal/common"
+	"github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/exporter/fileexporter"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/component"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/component/componentstatus"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	converters = append(converters, fileExporterConverter{})
+}
+
+type fileExporterConverter struct{}
+
+func (fileExporterConverter) Factory() component.Factory { return fileexporter.NewFactory() }
+
+func (fileExporterConverter) InputComponentName() string {
+	return "otelcol.exporter.file"
+}
+
+func (fileExporterConverter) ConvertAndAppend(state *State, id componentstatus.InstanceID, cfg component.Config) diag.Diagnostics {
+	var diags diag.Diagnostics
+
+	label := state.AlloyComponentLabel()
+
+	args := toFileExporter(diags, cfg.(*fileexporter.Config))
+	block := common.NewBlockWithOverrideFn([]string{"otelcol", "exporter", "file"}, label, args, common.GetAlloyTypesOverrideHook())
+
+	diags.Add(
+		diag.SeverityLevelInfo,
+		fmt.Sprintf("Converted %s into %s", StringifyInstanceID(id), StringifyBlock(block)),
+	)
+
+	state.Body().AppendBlock(block)
+	return diags
+}
+
+func toFileExporter(diags diag.Diagnostics, cfg *fileexporter.Config) *file.Arguments {
+	args := &file.Arguments{
+		Path:          cfg.Path,
+		Format:        cfg.FormatType,
+		Append:        cfg.Append,
+		Compression:   cfg.Compression,
+		FlushInterval: cfg.FlushInterval,
+		DebugMetrics:  common.DefaultValue[file.Arguments]().DebugMetrics,
+	}
+
+	// Convert rotation settings if present
+	if cfg.Rotation != nil {
+		args.Rotation = &file.Rotation{
+			MaxMegabytes: cfg.Rotation.MaxMegabytes,
+			MaxDays:      cfg.Rotation.MaxDays,
+			MaxBackups:   cfg.Rotation.MaxBackups,
+			LocalTime:    cfg.Rotation.LocalTime,
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Convert group_by settings if present
+	if cfg.GroupBy != nil {
+		args.GroupBy = &file.GroupBy{
+			Enabled:           cfg.GroupBy.Enabled,
+			ResourceAttribute: cfg.GroupBy.ResourceAttribute,
+			MaxOpenFiles:      cfg.GroupBy.MaxOpenFiles,
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Handle encoding if present (skip for now as it's not supported in our implementation)
+	if cfg.Encoding != nil {
+		// We don't support encoding yet, so we'll skip this
+		// In a future implementation, this would be converted to a string representation
+		diags.Add(
+			diag.SeverityLevelWarn,
+			"encoding parameter is not yet supported in the file exporter conversion and will be ignored",
+		)
+	}
+
+	return args
+}
diff --git a/internal/converter/internal/otelcolconvert/testdata/fileexporter.alloy b/internal/converter/internal/otelcolconvert/testdata/fileexporter.alloy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1c94ab65098
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/converter/internal/otelcolconvert/testdata/fileexporter.alloy
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+otelcol.receiver.filelog "default" {
+	include = ["/var/log/*.log"]
+	exclude = ["/var/log/excluded.log"]
+
+	ordering_criteria { }
+	fingerprint_size = "1000B"
+
+	multiline { }
+}
+
+otelcol.exporter.file "default" {
+	path        = "/var/log/otel-logs-*.log"
+	append      = true
+	compression = "zstd"
+
+	group_by {
+		enabled            = true
+		resource_attribute = "svc.name"
+	}
+}
diff --git a/internal/converter/internal/otelcolconvert/testdata/fileexporter.yaml b/internal/converter/internal/otelcolconvert/testdata/fileexporter.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..869fc932d6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/converter/internal/otelcolconvert/testdata/fileexporter.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+receivers:
+  filelog:
+    include:
+      - /var/log/*.log
+    exclude:
+      - /var/log/excluded.log
+
+exporters:
+  file:
+    path: /var/log/otel-logs-*.log
+    append: true
+    compression: zstd
+    group_by:
+      enabled: true
+      resource_attribute: svc.name
+
+service:
+  pipelines:
+    logs:
+      receivers: [filelog]
+      processors: []
+      exporters: [file]