diff --git a/internal/dispatch/gcf/gcp.go b/internal/dispatch/gcf/gcp.go
index fb3394e75a..4cdca1d7f8 100644
--- a/internal/dispatch/gcf/gcp.go
+++ b/internal/dispatch/gcf/gcp.go
@@ -204,7 +204,8 @@ func (c *LiveGCFClient) getPollDelay() func(time.Duration) <-chan time.Time {
 	return time.After
 }
 
-// CreateServiceAccount creates a new service account.
+// CreateServiceAccount creates a new service account. Retries on HTTP 429
+// (quota exhaustion) with exponential backoff via doWIFRequestWithRetry.
 func (c *LiveGCFClient) CreateServiceAccount(ctx context.Context, projectID, saName, displayName string) error {
 	reqURL := fmt.Sprintf("https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/projects/%s/serviceAccounts",
 		url.PathEscape(projectID))
@@ -222,7 +223,7 @@ func (c *LiveGCFClient) CreateServiceAccount(ctx context.Context, projectID, saN
 	}
 	payload := string(payloadBytes)
 
-	resp, err := c.Client.DoRequest(ctx, http.MethodPost, reqURL, payload)
+	resp, err := c.doWIFRequestWithRetry(ctx, http.MethodPost, reqURL, payload)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("creating service account: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -259,7 +260,8 @@ func (c *LiveGCFClient) DeleteServiceAccount(ctx context.Context, projectID, saE
 	return nil
 }
 
-// CreateWIFPool creates a new WIF pool.
+// CreateWIFPool creates a new WIF pool. Retries on HTTP 429 (quota
+// exhaustion) with exponential backoff via doWIFRequestWithRetry.
 func (c *LiveGCFClient) CreateWIFPool(ctx context.Context, projectNumber, poolID, displayName string) error {
 	reqURL := fmt.Sprintf("https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/projects/%s/locations/global/workloadIdentityPools?workloadIdentityPoolId=%s",
 		url.PathEscape(projectNumber), url.QueryEscape(poolID))
@@ -269,7 +271,7 @@ func (c *LiveGCFClient) CreateWIFPool(ctx context.Context, projectNumber, poolID
 	}
 	payload := string(payloadBytes)
 
-	resp, err := c.Client.DoRequest(ctx, http.MethodPost, reqURL, payload)
+	resp, err := c.doWIFRequestWithRetry(ctx, http.MethodPost, reqURL, payload)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("creating WIF pool: %w", err)
 	}
diff --git a/internal/dispatch/gcf/gcp_test.go b/internal/dispatch/gcf/gcp_test.go
index acc927bd6d..7511dce9a8 100644
--- a/internal/dispatch/gcf/gcp_test.go
+++ b/internal/dispatch/gcf/gcp_test.go
@@ -2965,6 +2965,56 @@ func TestLiveGCFClient_DeleteWIFPool(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+// --- IAM quota retry (429) for CreateWIFPool and CreateServiceAccount ---
+
+func TestLiveGCFClient_CreateWIFPool_RetriesOn429(t *testing.T) {
+	origDelay := iamRetryDelay
+	iamRetryDelay = func(_ int) time.Duration { return time.Millisecond }
+	t.Cleanup(func() { iamRetryDelay = origDelay })
+
+	t.Run("succeeds after transient 429", func(t *testing.T) {
+		callCount := 0
+		srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+			callCount++
+			if callCount == 1 {
+				w.WriteHeader(http.StatusTooManyRequests)
+				return
+			}
+			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+			fmt.Fprintln(w, `{"name":"operations/pool-op","done":true}`)
+		}))
+		defer srv.Close()
+
+		err := newTestClient(srv).CreateWIFPool(context.Background(), "123", "pool", "Pool")
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, 2, callCount)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestLiveGCFClient_CreateServiceAccount_RetriesOn429(t *testing.T) {
+	origDelay := iamRetryDelay
+	iamRetryDelay = func(_ int) time.Duration { return time.Millisecond }
+	t.Cleanup(func() { iamRetryDelay = origDelay })
+
+	t.Run("succeeds after transient 429", func(t *testing.T) {
+		callCount := 0
+		srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+			callCount++
+			if callCount == 1 {
+				w.WriteHeader(http.StatusTooManyRequests)
+				return
+			}
+			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+			fmt.Fprintln(w, `{"email":"sa@proj.iam.gserviceaccount.com"}`)
+		}))
+		defer srv.Close()
+
+		err := newTestClient(srv).CreateServiceAccount(context.Background(), "proj", "sa", "SA")
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, 2, callCount)
+	})
+}
+
 // --- encodeBase64 ---
 
 func TestEncodeBase64(t *testing.T) {