diff --git a/shell/platform/android/io/flutter/embedding/android/FlutterFragment.java b/shell/platform/android/io/flutter/embedding/android/FlutterFragment.java
index 376142b9c7e55..e26d13e80f74a 100644
--- a/shell/platform/android/io/flutter/embedding/android/FlutterFragment.java
+++ b/shell/platform/android/io/flutter/embedding/android/FlutterFragment.java
@@ -1056,6 +1056,14 @@ public void onAttach(@NonNull Context context) {
     delegate.onAttach(context);
     if (getArguments().getBoolean(ARG_SHOULD_AUTOMATICALLY_HANDLE_ON_BACK_PRESSED, false)) {
       requireActivity().getOnBackPressedDispatcher().addCallback(this, onBackPressedCallback);
+      // When Android handles a back gesture, it pops an Activity or goes back
+      // to the home screen. When Flutter handles a back gesture, it pops a
+      // route inside of the Flutter part of the app. By default, Android
+      // handles back gestures, so this callback is disabled. If, for example,
+      // the Flutter app has routes for which it wants to handle the back
+      // gesture, then it will enable this callback using
+      // setFrameworkHandlesBack.
+      onBackPressedCallback.setEnabled(false);
     }
     context.registerComponentCallbacks(this);
   }
@@ -1663,9 +1671,14 @@ public boolean popSystemNavigator() {
         // Unless we disable the callback, the dispatcher call will trigger it. This will then
         // trigger the fragment's onBackPressed() implementation, which will call through to the
         // dart side and likely call back through to this method, creating an infinite call loop.
-        onBackPressedCallback.setEnabled(false);
+        boolean enabledAtStart = onBackPressedCallback.isEnabled();
+        if (enabledAtStart) {
+          onBackPressedCallback.setEnabled(false);
+        }
         activity.getOnBackPressedDispatcher().onBackPressed();
-        onBackPressedCallback.setEnabled(true);
+        if (enabledAtStart) {
+          onBackPressedCallback.setEnabled(true);
+        }
         return true;
       }
     }
@@ -1673,6 +1686,14 @@ public boolean popSystemNavigator() {
     return false;
   }
 
+  @Override
+  public void setFrameworkHandlesBack(boolean frameworkHandlesBack) {
+    if (!getArguments().getBoolean(ARG_SHOULD_AUTOMATICALLY_HANDLE_ON_BACK_PRESSED, false)) {
+      return;
+    }
+    onBackPressedCallback.setEnabled(frameworkHandlesBack);
+  }
+
   @VisibleForTesting
   @NonNull
   boolean shouldDelayFirstAndroidViewDraw() {
diff --git a/shell/platform/android/io/flutter/embedding/android/FlutterFragmentActivity.java b/shell/platform/android/io/flutter/embedding/android/FlutterFragmentActivity.java
index 65fb752f20816..fda8a7c21da97 100644
--- a/shell/platform/android/io/flutter/embedding/android/FlutterFragmentActivity.java
+++ b/shell/platform/android/io/flutter/embedding/android/FlutterFragmentActivity.java
@@ -518,6 +518,7 @@ protected FlutterFragment createFlutterFragment() {
             ? TransparencyMode.opaque
             : TransparencyMode.transparent;
     final boolean shouldDelayFirstAndroidViewDraw = renderMode == RenderMode.surface;
+    final boolean shouldAutomaticallyHandleOnBackPressed = true;
 
     if (getCachedEngineId() != null) {
       Log.v(
@@ -542,6 +543,7 @@ protected FlutterFragment createFlutterFragment() {
           .shouldAttachEngineToActivity(shouldAttachEngineToActivity())
           .destroyEngineWithFragment(shouldDestroyEngineWithHost())
           .shouldDelayFirstAndroidViewDraw(shouldDelayFirstAndroidViewDraw)
+          .shouldAutomaticallyHandleOnBackPressed(shouldAutomaticallyHandleOnBackPressed)
           .build();
     } else {
       Log.v(
@@ -577,6 +579,7 @@ protected FlutterFragment createFlutterFragment() {
             .transparencyMode(transparencyMode)
             .shouldAttachEngineToActivity(shouldAttachEngineToActivity())
             .shouldDelayFirstAndroidViewDraw(shouldDelayFirstAndroidViewDraw)
+            .shouldAutomaticallyHandleOnBackPressed(shouldAutomaticallyHandleOnBackPressed)
             .build();
       }
 
@@ -592,6 +595,7 @@ protected FlutterFragment createFlutterFragment() {
           .transparencyMode(transparencyMode)
           .shouldAttachEngineToActivity(shouldAttachEngineToActivity())
           .shouldDelayFirstAndroidViewDraw(shouldDelayFirstAndroidViewDraw)
+          .shouldAutomaticallyHandleOnBackPressed(shouldAutomaticallyHandleOnBackPressed)
           .build();
     }
   }
@@ -616,12 +620,6 @@ protected void onNewIntent(@NonNull Intent intent) {
     super.onNewIntent(intent);
   }
 
-  @Override
-  @SuppressWarnings("MissingSuperCall")
-  public void onBackPressed() {
-    flutterFragment.onBackPressed();
-  }
-
   @Override
   public void onRequestPermissionsResult(
       int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
diff --git a/shell/platform/android/test/io/flutter/embedding/android/FlutterFragmentTest.java b/shell/platform/android/test/io/flutter/embedding/android/FlutterFragmentTest.java
index 6cfc9e1c6009f..24d7c6ea32a5c 100644
--- a/shell/platform/android/test/io/flutter/embedding/android/FlutterFragmentTest.java
+++ b/shell/platform/android/test/io/flutter/embedding/android/FlutterFragmentTest.java
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ private FragmentActivity getMockFragmentActivity() {
   }
 
   @Test
-  public void itDelegatesOnBackPressedAutomaticallyWhenEnabled() {
+  public void itDelegatesOnBackPressedWithSetFrameworkHandlesBack() {
     // We need to mock FlutterJNI to avoid triggering native code.
     FlutterJNI flutterJNI = mock(FlutterJNI.class);
     when(flutterJNI.isAttached()).thenReturn(true);
@@ -301,6 +301,8 @@ public void itDelegatesOnBackPressedAutomaticallyWhenEnabled() {
 
     FlutterFragment fragment =
         FlutterFragment.withCachedEngine("my_cached_engine")
+            // This enables the use of onBackPressedCallback, which is what
+            // sends backs to the framework if setFrameworkHandlesBack is true.
             .shouldAutomaticallyHandleOnBackPressed(true)
             .build();
     FragmentActivity activity = getMockFragmentActivity();
@@ -318,8 +320,15 @@ public void itDelegatesOnBackPressedAutomaticallyWhenEnabled() {
     TestDelegateFactory delegateFactory = new TestDelegateFactory(mockDelegate);
     fragment.setDelegateFactory(delegateFactory);
 
+    // Calling onBackPressed now will still be handled by Android (the default),
+    // until setFrameworkHandlesBack is set to true.
     activity.getOnBackPressedDispatcher().onBackPressed();
+    verify(mockDelegate, times(0)).onBackPressed();
 
+    // Setting setFrameworkHandlesBack to true means the delegate will receive
+    // the back and Android won't handle it.
+    fragment.setFrameworkHandlesBack(true);
+    activity.getOnBackPressedDispatcher().onBackPressed();
     verify(mockDelegate, times(1)).onBackPressed();
   }
 
@@ -361,10 +370,20 @@ public void handleOnBackPressed() {
     TestDelegateFactory delegateFactory = new TestDelegateFactory(mockDelegate);
     fragment.setDelegateFactory(delegateFactory);
 
+    assertTrue(callback.isEnabled());
+
     assertTrue(fragment.popSystemNavigator());
 
     verify(mockDelegate, never()).onBackPressed();
     assertTrue(onBackPressedCalled.get());
+    assertTrue(callback.isEnabled());
+
+    callback.setEnabled(false);
+    assertFalse(callback.isEnabled());
+    assertTrue(fragment.popSystemNavigator());
+
+    verify(mockDelegate, never()).onBackPressed();
+    assertFalse(callback.isEnabled());
   }
 
   @Test