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Diff for: README.TXT

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This is the REAME.TXT file that accompanies the Metamath site download,
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extracted from one of the downloaded files metamathsite.tar.bz2,
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metamathsite.tar.gz, or metamathsite.zip.
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This package contains the minimal sources and other files needed to
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rebuild the Metamath site from scratch. It is not usable until you run
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the bash script "install.sh" (see below). You will need around 650MB of
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free disk space.
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How to build the Metamath site
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------------------------------
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To use the script install.sh to build the Metamath site, you will need
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a Unix or Unix-like system (such as Cygwin for Windows) that includes
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a bash shell.
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A. The simple way to do it
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--------------------------
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To build the Metamath web site from a bash shell, type
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./install.sh
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in the metamathsite (i.e. this) directory. During the installation, a
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lot of status messages will flash by on the screen. When done, the last
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line on the screen should read:
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The installation completed successfully. The home page is index.html.
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B. A more cautious way to do it
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--------------------------------
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To build the Metamath web site from a bash shell, type
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sh -x ./install.sh >install.log 2>&1
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You can monitor the progress in another bash shell window with "tail -f
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install.log". The last line in install.log should read:
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The installation completed successfully. The home page is index.html.
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After the installation is completed, check the install.log file for
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problems:
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egrep -i \
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"warning|error|no such|cannot|permission|denied|invalid|too long|can't" \
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install.log | egrep -v \
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"No errors|Font Warn|label token|ignored|may have changed"
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If all went OK there should be no output.
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Notes
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-----
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1. The script install.sh is the actual script used to rebuild this site
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periodically. In the hopefully unlikely event there is a problem,
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please report it to Norm Megill - this is important to help maintain the
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quality of the Metamath site! There are also some additional notes in
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the comments at the beginning of the install.sh file.
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2. To conserve about 70MB of disk space on a personal local copy (not a
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mirror site!), after the installation you can remove the redundant
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download files:
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rm downloads/m?[a-ik-z]*z* downloads/ql* downloads/s*
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=======================================================================
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Copyright
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---------
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See the file copyright.html in this directory for copyright and
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licensing information that applies to the content of this package. The
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file is also at http://us.metamath.org/copyright.html on the web.
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Norm Megill nm(at)alum(dot)mit(dot)edu 10-Dec-2006

Diff for: __README.TXT

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This is the REAME.TXT file that accompanies the Metamath site download,-e
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extracted from one of the downloaded files metamathsite.tar.bz2,-e
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metamathsite.tar.gz, or metamathsite.zip.-e
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-e
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This package contains the minimal sources and other files needed to-e
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rebuild the Metamath site from scratch. It is not usable until you run-e
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the bash script "install.sh" (see below). You will need around 650MB of-e
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free disk space.-e
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-e
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-e
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-e
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How to build the Metamath site-e
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-------------------------------e
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-e
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To use the script install.sh to build the Metamath site, you will need-e
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a Unix or Unix-like system (such as Cygwin for Windows) that includes-e
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a bash shell.-e
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-e
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-e
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-e
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A. The simple way to do it-e
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---------------------------e
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-e
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To build the Metamath web site from a bash shell, type-e
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-e
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./install.sh-e
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-e
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in the metamathsite (i.e. this) directory. During the installation, a-e
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lot of status messages will flash by on the screen. When done, the last-e
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line on the screen should read:-e
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-e
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The installation completed successfully. The home page is index.html.-e
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-e
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-e
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-e
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B. A more cautious way to do it-e
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---------------------------------e
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-e
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To build the Metamath web site from a bash shell, type-e
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-e
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sh -x ./install.sh >install.log 2>&1-e
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-e
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You can monitor the progress in another bash shell window with "tail -f-e
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install.log". The last line in install.log should read:-e
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-e
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The installation completed successfully. The home page is index.html.-e
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-e
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After the installation is completed, check the install.log file for-e
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problems:-e
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-e
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egrep -i \-e
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"warning|error|no such|cannot|permission|denied|invalid|too long|can't" \-e
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install.log | egrep -v \-e
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"No errors|Font Warn|label token|ignored|may have changed"-e
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-e
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If all went OK there should be no output.-e
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-e
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-e
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-e
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Notes-e
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------e
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-e
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1. The script install.sh is the actual script used to rebuild this site-e
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periodically. In the hopefully unlikely event there is a problem,-e
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please report it to Norm Megill - this is important to help maintain the-e
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quality of the Metamath site! There are also some additional notes in-e
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the comments at the beginning of the install.sh file.-e
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-e
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2. To conserve about 70MB of disk space on a personal local copy (not a-e
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mirror site!), after the installation you can remove the redundant-e
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download files:-e
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-e
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rm downloads/m?[a-ik-z]*z* downloads/ql* downloads/s*-e
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-e
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-e
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=======================================================================-e
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-e
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Copyright-e
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----------e
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-e
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See the file copyright.html in this directory for copyright and-e
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licensing information that applies to the content of this package. The-e
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file is also at http://us.metamath.org/copyright.html on the web.-e
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-e
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-e
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Norm Megill nm(at)alum(dot)mit(dot)edu 10-Dec-2006-e

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Diff for: abian-themostfixed.html

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<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
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<html>
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<head>
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<BASE HREF="http://www.math.ucdavis.edu/~suh/abian/abian-themostfixed.html">
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
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<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Mozilla/4.77 [en] (WinNT; U) [Netscape]">
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<title> A MOST FUNDAMENTAL FIXED POINT THEOREM </title>
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</head>
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<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
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<I><FONT COLOR=green>(Note: This is a copy of a page from
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Alexander Abian's web site circa 1999. - N. Megill 11-Jun-2009)</FONT></I>
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&nbsp;
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<center>
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<h2>
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A MOST FUNDAMENTAL FIXED POINT THEOREM&nbsp;<br>
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<br>
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<b>Alexander Abian</b></h2></center>
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<p><br><DOUBLE>&nbsp; The following a most Fundamental Fixed Point Theorem
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is proved in&nbsp;&nbsp; ZF&nbsp;&nbsp; set theory
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<p><b>without the Axiom of Choice.</b>&nbsp; It is "<b> a most fundamental</b>"
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in the sense that it gives a
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<p>necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a fixed point
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of a mapping of a set&nbsp;&nbsp; S
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<p>into itself where absolutely no algebraic or analytic or order theoretic
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or any other special
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<p>structures are imposed on&nbsp;&nbsp; S.
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<p>&nbsp; <b>THEOREM</b> (<b>Abian</b>). Let&nbsp;&nbsp; f&nbsp;&nbsp;
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be a mapping from a set S into itself. Then&nbsp;&nbsp; f&nbsp;&nbsp; has
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a fixed point if
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<p>and only if:
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<br>&nbsp; There exists an element&nbsp;&nbsp; a&nbsp;&nbsp; of&nbsp;&nbsp;
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P&nbsp;&nbsp; such that&nbsp;&nbsp; f<sup>k</sup>(a)&nbsp;&nbsp; is an
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element of&nbsp;&nbsp; P&nbsp;&nbsp; for every ordinal&nbsp;&nbsp; k,&nbsp;&nbsp;
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and
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<br>for every ordinal&nbsp;&nbsp; v
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<p>(1)&nbsp;&nbsp; if&nbsp;&nbsp; f<sup>v</sup>(a)&nbsp;&nbsp; is not a
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fixed point of&nbsp;&nbsp; f&nbsp;&nbsp; then&nbsp; the&nbsp;&nbsp; f<sup>u</sup>(a)
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's are all distinct for every ordinal&nbsp; u&nbsp; &lt; v.
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<p>&nbsp; <b>PROOF.</b>&nbsp; First we show that (1) implies that&nbsp;&nbsp;
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f&nbsp;&nbsp; has a fixed point.&nbsp; Assume on the contrary that&nbsp;&nbsp;
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f
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<p>&nbsp; has no fixed point and let&nbsp;&nbsp; p&nbsp;&nbsp; and&nbsp;&nbsp;
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q&nbsp;&nbsp; be any two distinct ordinal numbers.&nbsp; Clearly, there
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always
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<p>exists an ordinal&nbsp;&nbsp; v&nbsp;&nbsp; such that&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
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p &lt; v&nbsp;&nbsp; and&nbsp;&nbsp; q &lt; v.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; But then
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since by our assumption&nbsp;&nbsp; f<sup>v</sup>(a)
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<p>cannot be a fixed point of&nbsp;&nbsp; f&nbsp;&nbsp; hence (1) implies
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that&nbsp;&nbsp; f<sup>p</sup>(a)&nbsp;&nbsp; and&nbsp;&nbsp; f<sup>q</sup>(a)&nbsp;&nbsp;
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are two distinct elements
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<p>of&nbsp;&nbsp; S.&nbsp; Thus, our assumption implies that for every
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two distinct ordinals&nbsp;&nbsp; p&nbsp;&nbsp; and&nbsp;&nbsp; q&nbsp;&nbsp;
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there
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<p>correspond two distinct elements&nbsp;&nbsp; f<sup>p</sup>(a)&nbsp;&nbsp;
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and&nbsp;&nbsp; f<sup>q</sup>(a)&nbsp;&nbsp; of the set&nbsp;&nbsp; S.&nbsp;
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Consequently, every ordinal can
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<p>be assigned in a one-to-one way to every element of a subset of&nbsp;&nbsp;
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S.&nbsp; But then the Axiom Scheme
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<p>of Replacement of&nbsp;&nbsp; ZF&nbsp;&nbsp; would imply that the set
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of all ordinals exists, which is a contradiction.
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<p>Thus, our assumption is false and&nbsp;&nbsp; f&nbsp;&nbsp; has a fixed
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point.
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<p>&nbsp; Next, assume that&nbsp;&nbsp; f&nbsp;&nbsp; has a fixed point&nbsp;&nbsp;
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a.&nbsp; Then&nbsp; (1 ) is obviously satisfied by setting
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<p>a = f(a) = f<sup>k</sup>(a)&nbsp;&nbsp; for every ordinal&nbsp;&nbsp;
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k.
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<p>&nbsp; Thus,&nbsp; the Theorem is proved.
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<p>&nbsp; <b>REMARK.</b>&nbsp; Note that&nbsp;&nbsp; f<sup>k</sup>(a)&nbsp;&nbsp;
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in the above does not necessarily indicate the k-th or any other
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<p>iterates of&nbsp;&nbsp; f.&nbsp; Thus, it is not even required that&nbsp;
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f(f<sup>k</sup>(a))&nbsp;&nbsp; be equal to&nbsp;&nbsp; f<sup>k+1</sup>(a).&nbsp;&nbsp;
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Obviously, by
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<p>"&nbsp; f<sup>k</sup>(a)&nbsp; is a fixed point of&nbsp;&nbsp; f&nbsp;
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"&nbsp;&nbsp; is meant that&nbsp;&nbsp; f(f<sup>k</sup>(a))&nbsp;&nbsp;
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=&nbsp;&nbsp; f<sup>k</sup>(a),&nbsp; and as mentioned above,
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<p>without necessitating that&nbsp;&nbsp; f(f<sup>k</sup>(a))&nbsp;&nbsp;
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be equal to&nbsp;&nbsp; f<sup>k+1</sup>(a).
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<p>&nbsp; The fundamental significance of the Theorem lies in the fact
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that a great many fixed point
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<p>theorems can be reduced to the special cases of the Theorem, in as much
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as, no special structures
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<p>are required by the set&nbsp;&nbsp; S&nbsp;&nbsp; to have, and, no iterative
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rules are imposed on&nbsp;&nbsp; f.
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<p><b><a href="http://www.math.iastate.edu/abian/">Alexander Abian</a></b>
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<br>Dept .of Math. Iowa state Univ.
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<br>Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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<br><b>e-mail:</b> <a href="mailto:[email protected]"><b>abian</b>@iastate.edu</a>
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<br>&nbsp;
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</body>
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</html>

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