diff --git a/.editorconfig b/.editorconfig
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d653d1c4b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.editorconfig
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+[*.py]
+max_line_length = 79
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 2f74c4be6c..218fdafc40 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ transform = [
     "docc.python.transform",
     "docc.verbatim.transform",
     "docc.mistletoe.transform",
+    "docc.mistletoe.reference",
     "ethereum_spec_tools.docc.fix-indexes",
     "ethereum_spec_tools.docc.minimize-diffs",
     "docc.references.index",
diff --git a/setup.cfg b/setup.cfg
index 04d0109fca..609820a8c0 100644
--- a/setup.cfg
+++ b/setup.cfg
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ lint =
     flake8-spellcheck==0.28.0
 
 doc =
-    docc>=0.1.0,<0.2.0
+    docc>=0.2.0,<0.3.0
     fladrif>=0.2.0,<0.3.0
 
 optimized =
diff --git a/src/ethereum/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/__init__.py
index 7cfd43d838..f7eeebb47c 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/__init__.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 """
-Ethereum Specification
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+### Introduction
+
 Seeing as internet connections have been vastly expanding across the
 world, spreading information has become as cheap as ever. Bitcoin, for
 example, has demonstrated the possibility of creating a decentralized,
diff --git a/src/ethereum/arrow_glacier/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/arrow_glacier/__init__.py
index b073990630..c2508b1d44 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/arrow_glacier/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/arrow_glacier/__init__.py
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 """
-Ethereum Arrow Glacier Hardfork
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-The Twelfth Ethereum hardfork.
+The Arrow Glacier fork delays the difficulty bomb. There are no other changes
+in this fork.
 """
 
 from ethereum.fork_criteria import ByBlockNumber
diff --git a/src/ethereum/arrow_glacier/utils/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/arrow_glacier/utils/__init__.py
index 460b8bbb5d..224a4d269b 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/arrow_glacier/utils/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/arrow_glacier/utils/__init__.py
@@ -1,13 +1,3 @@
 """
-Hardfork Utility Functions
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-.. contents:: Table of Contents
-    :backlinks: none
-    :local:
-
-Introduction
-------------
-
-Utility functions used in this arrow_glacier version of specification.
+Utility functions unique to this particular fork.
 """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/berlin/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/berlin/__init__.py
index 2e8c0bd747..aede445333 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/berlin/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/berlin/__init__.py
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 """
-Ethereum Berlin Hardfork
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-The Tenth Ethereum hardfork.
+The Berlin fork adjusts the gas costs of the `ModExp` precompile and several
+state access EVM instructions, introduces typed transaction envelopes along
+with the first new transaction type—optional access lists.
 """
 
 from ethereum.fork_criteria import ByBlockNumber
diff --git a/src/ethereum/berlin/utils/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/berlin/utils/__init__.py
index 6c8323cf54..224a4d269b 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/berlin/utils/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/berlin/utils/__init__.py
@@ -1,13 +1,3 @@
 """
-Hardfork Utility Functions
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-.. contents:: Table of Contents
-    :backlinks: none
-    :local:
-
-Introduction
-------------
-
-Utility functions used in this berlin version of specification.
+Utility functions unique to this particular fork.
 """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/byzantium/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/byzantium/__init__.py
index ca105eb4e8..c989263c80 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/byzantium/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/byzantium/__init__.py
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 """
-Ethereum Byzantium Hardfork
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-The sixth Ethereum hardfork.
+The Byzantium fork reduces the mining rewards, delays the difficulty bomb,
+lets contracts make non-state-changing calls to other contracts, and adds
+cryptographic primitives for layer 2 scaling.
 """
 
 from ethereum.fork_criteria import ByBlockNumber
diff --git a/src/ethereum/byzantium/utils/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/byzantium/utils/__init__.py
index 472ef6c5de..224a4d269b 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/byzantium/utils/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/byzantium/utils/__init__.py
@@ -1,13 +1,3 @@
 """
-Hardfork Utility Functions
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-.. contents:: Table of Contents
-    :backlinks: none
-    :local:
-
-Introduction
-------------
-
-Utility functions used in this byzantium version of specification.
+Utility functions unique to this particular fork.
 """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/constantinople/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/constantinople/__init__.py
index 460ee1f78d..97610486ed 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/constantinople/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/constantinople/__init__.py
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 """
-Ethereum Constantinople Hardfork
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-The Seventh Ethereum hardfork.
+The Constantinople fork reduces mining rewards, delays the difficulty bomb,
+and introduces new EVM instructions for logical shifts, counterfactual
+contract deployment, and computing bytecode hashes.
 """
 
 from ethereum.fork_criteria import ByBlockNumber
diff --git a/src/ethereum/constantinople/utils/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/constantinople/utils/__init__.py
index ba6f9044df..224a4d269b 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/constantinople/utils/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/constantinople/utils/__init__.py
@@ -1,13 +1,3 @@
 """
-Hardfork Utility Functions
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-.. contents:: Table of Contents
-    :backlinks: none
-    :local:
-
-Introduction
-------------
-
-Utility functions used in this constantinople version of specification.
+Utility functions unique to this particular fork.
 """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/crypto/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/crypto/__init__.py
index 317d50571a..e676f81b3f 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/crypto/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/crypto/__init__.py
@@ -1,13 +1,3 @@
 """
-Cryptographic Functions
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-.. contents:: Table of Contents
-    :backlinks: none
-    :local:
-
-Introduction
-------------
-
-Cryptographic primatives used in Ethereum.
+Cryptographic primitives used in Ethereum.
 """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/dao_fork/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/dao_fork/__init__.py
index b40f133907..c05bdd1d10 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/dao_fork/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/dao_fork/__init__.py
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 """
-Ethereum Dao Hardfork
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-The third Ethereum hardfork.
+The DAO Fork is a response to a smart contract exploit known as the 2016 DAO
+Attack where a vulnerable contract was drained of its ether. This fork recovers
+the stolen funds into a new contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum.fork_criteria import ByBlockNumber
diff --git a/src/ethereum/dao_fork/utils/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/dao_fork/utils/__init__.py
index 94a87d541c..224a4d269b 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/dao_fork/utils/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/dao_fork/utils/__init__.py
@@ -1,13 +1,3 @@
 """
-Hardfork Utility Functions
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-.. contents:: Table of Contents
-    :backlinks: none
-    :local:
-
-Introduction
-------------
-
-Utility functions used in this Dao Fork version of specification.
+Utility functions unique to this particular fork.
 """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/ethash.py b/src/ethereum/ethash.py
index 10d6156d0d..454d75db60 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/ethash.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/ethash.py
@@ -1,15 +1,29 @@
 """
-Ethash Functions
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-.. contents:: Table of Contents
-    :backlinks: none
-    :local:
-
-Introduction
-------------
-
-Ethash algorithm related functionalities.
+Ethash is a proof-of-work algorithm designed to be [ASIC] resistant through
+[memory hardness][mem-hard].
+
+To achieve memory hardness, computing Ethash requires access to subsets of a
+large structure. The particular subsets chosen are based on the nonce and block
+header, while the set itself is changed every [`epoch`].
+
+At a high level, the Ethash algorithm is as follows:
+
+1. Create a **seed** value, generated with [`generate_seed`] and based on the
+   preceding block numbers.
+1. From the seed, compute a pseudorandom **cache** with [`generate_cache`].
+1. From the cache, generate a **dataset** with [`generate_dataset`]. The
+   dataset grows over time based on [`DATASET_EPOCH_GROWTH_SIZE`].
+1. Miners hash slices of the dataset together, which is where the memory
+   hardness is introduced. Verification of the proof-of-work only requires the
+   cache to be able to recompute a much smaller subset of the full dataset.
+
+[`DATASET_EPOCH_GROWTH_SIZE`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.DATASET_EPOCH_GROWTH_SIZE
+[`generate_dataset`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.generate_dataset
+[`generate_cache`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.generate_cache
+[`generate_seed`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.generate_seed
+[`epoch`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.epoch
+[ASIC]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application-specific_integrated_circuit
+[mem-hard]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory-hard_function
 """
 
 from typing import Callable, Tuple, Union
@@ -24,31 +38,95 @@
 )
 
 EPOCH_SIZE = 30000
+"""
+Number of blocks before a dataset needs to be regenerated (known as an
+"epoch".) See [`epoch`].
+
+[`epoch`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.epoch
+"""
+
 INITIAL_CACHE_SIZE = 2**24
+"""
+Size of the cache (in bytes) during the first epoch. Each subsequent epoch's
+cache roughly grows by [`CACHE_EPOCH_GROWTH_SIZE`] bytes. See [`cache_size`].
+
+[`CACHE_EPOCH_GROWTH_SIZE`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.CACHE_EPOCH_GROWTH_SIZE
+[`cache_size`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.cache_size
+"""
+
 CACHE_EPOCH_GROWTH_SIZE = 2**17
+"""
+After the first epoch, the cache size grows by roughly this amount. See
+[`cache_size`].
+
+[`cache_size`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.cache_size
+"""
+
 INITIAL_DATASET_SIZE = 2**30
+"""
+Size of the dataset (in bytes) during the first epoch. Each subsequent epoch's
+dataset roughly grows by [`DATASET_EPOCH_GROWTH_SIZE`] bytes. See
+[`dataset_size`].
+
+[`DATASET_EPOCH_GROWTH_SIZE`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.DATASET_EPOCH_GROWTH_SIZE
+[`dataset_size`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.dataset_size
+"""
+
 DATASET_EPOCH_GROWTH_SIZE = 2**23
+"""
+After the first epoch, the dataset size grows by roughly this amount. See
+[`dataset_size`].
+
+[`dataset_size`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.dataset_size
+"""
+
 HASH_BYTES = 64
+"""
+Length of a hash, in bytes.
+"""
+
 MIX_BYTES = 128
+"""
+Width of mix, in bytes. See [`generate_dataset_item`].
+
+[`generate_dataset_item`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.generate_dataset_item
+"""
+
 CACHE_ROUNDS = 3
+"""
+Number of times to repeat the [`keccak512`] step while generating the hash. See
+[`generate_cache`].
+
+[`keccak512`]: ref:ethereum.crypto.hash.keccak512
+[`generate_cache`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.generate_cache
+"""
+
 DATASET_PARENTS = 256
+"""
+Number of parents of each dataset element. See [`generate_dataset_item`].
+
+[`generate_dataset_item`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.generate_dataset_item
+"""
+
 HASHIMOTO_ACCESSES = 64
+"""
+Number of accesses in the [`hashimoto`] loop.
+
+[`hashimoto`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.hashimoto
+"""
 
 
 def epoch(block_number: Uint) -> Uint:
     """
     Obtain the epoch number to which the block identified by `block_number`
-    belongs.
+    belongs. The first epoch is numbered zero.
 
-    Parameters
-    ----------
-    block_number :
-        The number of the block of interest.
+    An Ethash epoch is a fixed number of blocks ([`EPOCH_SIZE`]) long, during
+    which the dataset remains constant. At the end of each epoch, the dataset
+    is generated anew. See [`generate_dataset`].
 
-    Returns
-    -------
-    epoch_number : `Uint`
-        The epoch number to which the passed in block belongs.
+    [`EPOCH_SIZE`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.EPOCH_SIZE
+    [`generate_dataset`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.generate_dataset
     """
     return block_number // EPOCH_SIZE
 
@@ -58,15 +136,18 @@ def cache_size(block_number: Uint) -> Uint:
     Obtain the cache size (in bytes) of the epoch to which `block_number`
     belongs.
 
-    Parameters
-    ----------
-    block_number :
-        The number of the block of interest.
+    See [`INITIAL_CACHE_SIZE`] and [`CACHE_EPOCH_GROWTH_SIZE`] for the initial
+    size and linear growth rate, respectively. The cache is generated in
+    [`generate_cache`].
+
+    The actual cache size is smaller than simply multiplying
+    `CACHE_EPOCH_GROWTH_SIZE` by the epoch number to minimize the risk of
+    unintended cyclic behavior. It is defined as the highest prime number below
+    what linear growth would calculate.
 
-    Returns
-    -------
-    cache_size_bytes : `Uint`
-        The cache size in bytes for the passed in block.
+    [`INITIAL_CACHE_SIZE`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.INITIAL_CACHE_SIZE
+    [`CACHE_EPOCH_GROWTH_SIZE`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.CACHE_EPOCH_GROWTH_SIZE
+    [`generate_cache`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.generate_cache
     """
     size = INITIAL_CACHE_SIZE + (CACHE_EPOCH_GROWTH_SIZE * epoch(block_number))
     size -= HASH_BYTES
@@ -81,15 +162,20 @@ def dataset_size(block_number: Uint) -> Uint:
     Obtain the dataset size (in bytes) of the epoch to which `block_number`
     belongs.
 
-    Parameters
-    ----------
-    block_number :
-        The number of the block of interest.
+    See [`INITIAL_DATASET_SIZE`] and [`DATASET_EPOCH_GROWTH_SIZE`][ds] for the
+    initial size and linear growth rate, respectively. The complete dataset is
+    generated in [`generate_dataset`], while the slices used in verification
+    are generated in [`generate_dataset_item`].
+
+    The actual dataset size is smaller than simply multiplying
+    `DATASET_EPOCH_GROWTH_SIZE` by the epoch number to minimize the risk of
+    unintended cyclic behavior. It is defined as the highest prime number below
+    what linear growth would calculate.
 
-    Returns
-    -------
-    dataset_size_bytes : `Uint`
-        The dataset size in bytes for the passed in block.
+    [`INITIAL_DATASET_SIZE`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.INITIAL_DATASET_SIZE
+    [ds]: ref:ethereum.ethash.DATASET_EPOCH_GROWTH_SIZE
+    [`generate_dataset`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.generate_dataset
+    [`generate_dataset_item`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.generate_dataset_item
     """
     size = INITIAL_DATASET_SIZE + (
         DATASET_EPOCH_GROWTH_SIZE * epoch(block_number)
@@ -104,17 +190,9 @@ def dataset_size(block_number: Uint) -> Uint:
 def generate_seed(block_number: Uint) -> Hash32:
     """
     Obtain the cache generation seed for the block identified by
-    `block_number`.
+    `block_number`. See [`generate_cache`].
 
-    Parameters
-    ----------
-    block_number :
-        The number of the block of interest.
-
-    Returns
-    -------
-    seed : `Hash32`
-        The cache generation seed for the passed in block.
+    [`generate_cache`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.generate_cache
     """
     epoch_number = epoch(block_number)
 
@@ -128,18 +206,16 @@ def generate_seed(block_number: Uint) -> Hash32:
 
 def generate_cache(block_number: Uint) -> Tuple[Tuple[U32, ...], ...]:
     """
-    Generate the cache for the block identified by `block_number`. This cache
-    would later be used to generate the full dataset.
-
-    Parameters
-    ----------
-    block_number :
-        The number of the block of interest.
-
-    Returns
-    -------
-    cache : `Tuple[Tuple[U32, ...], ...]`
-        The cache generated for the passed in block.
+    Generate the cache for the block identified by `block_number`. See
+    [`generate_dataset`] for how the cache is used.
+
+    The cache is generated in two steps: filling the array with a chain of
+    [`keccak512`] hashes, then running two rounds of Sergio Demian Lerner's
+    [RandMemoHash] on those bytes.
+
+    [`keccak512`]: ref:ethereum.crypto.hash.keccak512
+    [`generate_dataset`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.generate_dataset
+    [RandMemoHash]: http://www.hashcash.org/papers/memohash.pdf
     """
     seed = generate_seed(block_number)
     cache_size_bytes = cache_size(block_number)
@@ -147,11 +223,9 @@ def generate_cache(block_number: Uint) -> Tuple[Tuple[U32, ...], ...]:
     cache_size_words = cache_size_bytes // HASH_BYTES
     cache = [keccak512(seed)]
 
-    previous_cache_item = cache[0]
-    for _ in range(1, cache_size_words):
-        cache_item = keccak512(previous_cache_item)
+    for index in range(1, cache_size_words):
+        cache_item = keccak512(cache[index - 1])
         cache.append(cache_item)
-        previous_cache_item = cache_item
 
     for _ in range(CACHE_ROUNDS):
         for index in range(cache_size_words):
@@ -175,26 +249,21 @@ def generate_cache(block_number: Uint) -> Tuple[Tuple[U32, ...], ...]:
 
 def fnv(a: Union[Uint, U32], b: Union[Uint, U32]) -> U32:
     """
-    FNV algorithm is inspired by the FNV hash, which in some cases is used
-    as a non-associative substitute for XOR.
+    A non-associative substitute for XOR, inspired by the [FNV] hash by Fowler,
+    Noll, and Vo. See [`fnv_hash`], [`generate_dataset_item`], and
+    [`hashimoto`].
 
     Note that here we multiply the prime with the full 32-bit input, in
-    contrast with the FNV-1 spec which multiplies the prime with
-    one byte (octet) in turn.
-
-    Parameters
-    ----------
-    a:
-        The first data point.
-    b :
-        The second data point.
-
-    Returns
-    -------
-    modified_mix_integers : `U32`
-        The result of performing fnv on the passed in data points.
+    contrast with the [FNV-1] spec which multiplies the prime with one byte
+    (octet) in turn.
+
+    [`hashimoto`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.hashimoto
+    [`generate_dataset_item`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.generate_dataset_item
+    [`fnv_hash`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.fnv_hash
+    [FNV]: https://w.wiki/XKZ
+    [FNV-1]: http://www.isthe.com/chongo/tech/comp/fnv/#FNV-1
     """
-    # This is a faster way of doing [number % (2 ** 32)]
+    # This is a faster way of doing `number % (2 ** 32)`.
     result = ((Uint(a) * 0x01000193) ^ Uint(b)) & U32_MAX_VALUE
     return U32(result)
 
@@ -203,20 +272,12 @@ def fnv_hash(
     mix_integers: Tuple[U32, ...], data: Tuple[U32, ...]
 ) -> Tuple[U32, ...]:
     """
-    FNV Hash mixes in data into mix using the ethash fnv method.
-
-    Parameters
-    ----------
-    mix_integers:
-        Mix data in the form of a sequence of U32.
-    data :
-        The data (sequence of U32) to be hashed into the mix.
-
-    Returns
-    -------
-    modified_mix_integers : `Tuple[U32, ...]`
-        The result of performing the fnv hash on the mix and the passed in
-        data.
+    Combines `data` into `mix_integers` using [`fnv`]. See [`hashimoto`] and
+    [`generate_dataset_item`].
+
+    [`hashimoto`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.hashimoto
+    [`generate_dataset_item`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.generate_dataset_item
+    [`fnv`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.fnv
     """
     return tuple(
         fnv(mix_integers[i], data[i]) for i in range(len(mix_integers))
@@ -227,22 +288,16 @@ def generate_dataset_item(
     cache: Tuple[Tuple[U32, ...], ...], index: Uint
 ) -> Hash64:
     """
-    Generate a particular dataset item 0-indexed by `index` using `cache`.
-    Each dataset item is a byte stream of 64 bytes or a stream of 16 uint32
-    numbers.
-
-    Parameters
-    ----------
-    cache:
-        The cache from which a subset of items will be used to generate the
-        dataset item.
-    index :
-        The index of the dataset item to generate.
-
-    Returns
-    -------
-    dataset_item : `Hash64`
-        The generated dataset item for passed index.
+    Generate a particular dataset item 0-indexed by `index` by hashing
+    pseudorandomly-selected entries from `cache` together. See [`fnv`] and
+    [`fnv_hash`] for the digest function, [`generate_cache`] for generating
+    `cache`, and [`generate_dataset`] for the full dataset generation
+    algorithm.
+
+    [`fnv`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.fnv
+    [`fnv_hash`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.fnv_hash
+    [`generate_dataset`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.generate_dataset
+    [`generate_cache`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.generate_cache
     """
     mix = keccak512(
         (
@@ -267,18 +322,8 @@ def generate_dataset(block_number: Uint) -> Tuple[Hash64, ...]:
     """
     Generate the full dataset for the block identified by `block_number`.
 
-    This function is present only for demonstration purposes, as it will take
-    a long time to execute.
-
-    Parameters
-    ----------
-    block_number :
-        The number of the block of interest.
-
-    Returns
-    -------
-    dataset : `Tuple[Hash64, ...]`
-        The dataset generated for the passed in block.
+    This function is present only for demonstration purposes. It is not used
+    while validating blocks.
     """
     dataset_size_bytes: Uint = dataset_size(block_number)
     cache: Tuple[Tuple[U32, ...], ...] = generate_cache(block_number)
@@ -300,25 +345,22 @@ def hashimoto(
     Obtain the mix digest and the final value for a header, by aggregating
     data from the full dataset.
 
-    Parameters
-    ----------
-    header_hash :
-        The PoW valid rlp hash of a header.
-    nonce :
-        The propogated nonce for the given block.
-    dataset_size :
-        Dataset size for the epoch to which the current block belongs to.
-    fetch_dataset_item :
-        The function which will be used to obtain a specific dataset item
-        from an index.
-
-    Returns
-    -------
-    mix_digest : `bytes`
-        The mix digest generated from the header hash and propogated nonce.
-    result : `Hash32`
-        The final result obtained which will be checked for leading zeros (in
-        byte representation) in correspondance with the block difficulty.
+    #### Parameters
+
+    - `header_hash` is a valid [RLP hash] of a block header.
+    - `nonce` is the propagated nonce for the given block.
+    - `dataset_size` is the size of the dataset. See [`dataset_size`].
+    - `fetch_dataset_item` is a function that retrieves a specific dataset item
+      based on its index.
+
+    #### Returns
+
+    - The mix digest generated from the header hash and propagated nonce.
+    - The final result obtained which will be checked for leading zeros (in
+      byte representation) in correspondence with the block difficulty.
+
+    [RLP hash]: ref:ethereum.rlp.rlp_hash
+    [`dataset_size`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.dataset_size
     """
     nonce_le = bytes(reversed(nonce))
     seed_hash = keccak512(header_hash + nonce_le)
@@ -356,44 +398,29 @@ def hashimoto_light(
     dataset_size: Uint,
 ) -> Tuple[bytes, Hash32]:
     """
-    Run the hashimoto algorithm by generating dataset item using the cache
+    Run the [`hashimoto`] algorithm by generating dataset item using the cache
     instead of loading the full dataset into main memory.
 
-    Parameters
-    ----------
-    header_hash :
-        The PoW valid rlp hash of a header.
-    nonce :
-        The propogated nonce for the given block.
-    cache:
-        The generated cache for the epoch to which the current block belongs
-        to.
-    dataset_size :
-        Dataset size for the epoch to which the current block belongs to.
-
-    Returns
-    -------
-    mix_digest : `bytes`
-        The mix digest generated from the header hash and propogated nonce.
-    result : `Hash32`
-        The final result obtained which will be checked for leading zeros (in
-        byte representation) in correspondance with the block difficulty.
+    #### Parameters
+
+    - `header_hash` is a valid [RLP hash] of a block header.
+    - `nonce` is the propagated nonce for the given block.
+    - `cache` is the cache generated by [`generate_cache`].
+    - `dataset_size` is the size of the dataset. See [`dataset_size`].
+
+    #### Returns
+
+    - The mix digest generated from the header hash and propagated nonce.
+    - The final result obtained which will be checked for leading zeros (in
+      byte representation) in correspondence with the block difficulty.
+
+    [RLP hash]: ref:ethereum.rlp.rlp_hash
+    [`dataset_size`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.dataset_size
+    [`generate_cache`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.generate_cache
+    [`hashimoto`]: ref:ethereum.ethash.hashimoto
     """
 
     def fetch_dataset_item(index: Uint) -> Tuple[U32, ...]:
-        """
-        Generate dataset item (as tuple of U32 numbers) from cache.
-
-        Parameters
-        ----------
-        index :
-            The index of the dataset item to generate.
-
-        Returns
-        -------
-        dataset_item : `Tuple[U32, ...]`
-            The generated dataset item for passed index.
-        """
         item: Hash64 = generate_dataset_item(cache, index)
         return le_bytes_to_uint32_sequence(item)
 
diff --git a/src/ethereum/frontier/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/frontier/__init__.py
index 12d502babf..3a7fed59eb 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/frontier/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/frontier/__init__.py
@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
 """
-Ethereum Frontier Hardfork
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-The first Ethereum hardfork.
+Frontier is the first production-ready iteration of the Ethereum protocol.
 """
 
 from ethereum.fork_criteria import ByBlockNumber
diff --git a/src/ethereum/frontier/utils/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/frontier/utils/__init__.py
index ca47178201..224a4d269b 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/frontier/utils/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/frontier/utils/__init__.py
@@ -1,13 +1,3 @@
 """
-Hardfork Utility Functions
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-.. contents:: Table of Contents
-    :backlinks: none
-    :local:
-
-Introduction
-------------
-
-Utility functions used in this frontier version of specification.
+Utility functions unique to this particular fork.
 """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/gray_glacier/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/gray_glacier/__init__.py
index 072c7ab9db..6bade27f32 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/gray_glacier/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/gray_glacier/__init__.py
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 """
-Ethereum Gray Glacier Hardfork
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-The Thirteenth Ethereum hardfork.
+The Gray Glacier fork delays the difficulty bomb. There are no other changes
+in this fork.
 """
 
 from ethereum.fork_criteria import ByBlockNumber
diff --git a/src/ethereum/gray_glacier/utils/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/gray_glacier/utils/__init__.py
index 2327892b80..224a4d269b 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/gray_glacier/utils/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/gray_glacier/utils/__init__.py
@@ -1,13 +1,3 @@
 """
-Hardfork Utility Functions
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-.. contents:: Table of Contents
-    :backlinks: none
-    :local:
-
-Introduction
-------------
-
-Utility functions used in this gray_glacier version of specification.
+Utility functions unique to this particular fork.
 """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/homestead/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/homestead/__init__.py
index db6dae24bd..8fa64173b0 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/homestead/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/homestead/__init__.py
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 """
-Ethereum Homestead Hardfork
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-The second Ethereum hardfork.
+The Homestead fork increases the gas cost of creating contracts, restricts the
+range of valid ECDSA signatures for transactions (but not precompiles), tweaks
+the behavior of contract creation with insufficient gas, delays the
+difficulty bomb, and adds an improved delegate call EVM instruction.
 """
 
 from ethereum.fork_criteria import ByBlockNumber
diff --git a/src/ethereum/homestead/utils/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/homestead/utils/__init__.py
index fbac7607e7..224a4d269b 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/homestead/utils/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/homestead/utils/__init__.py
@@ -1,13 +1,3 @@
 """
-Hardfork Utility Functions
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-.. contents:: Table of Contents
-    :backlinks: none
-    :local:
-
-Introduction
-------------
-
-Utility functions used in this homestead version of specification.
+Utility functions unique to this particular fork.
 """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/istanbul/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/istanbul/__init__.py
index b9c574119a..b681c62a7a 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/istanbul/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/istanbul/__init__.py
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 """
-Ethereum Istanbul Hardfork
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-The Eighth Ethereum hardfork.
+The Istanbul fork makes changes to the gas costs of EVM instructions and data,
+adds a cryptographic primitive, and introduces an instruction to fetch the
+current chain identifier.
 """
 
 from ethereum.fork_criteria import ByBlockNumber
diff --git a/src/ethereum/istanbul/utils/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/istanbul/utils/__init__.py
index d406d543a1..224a4d269b 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/istanbul/utils/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/istanbul/utils/__init__.py
@@ -1,13 +1,3 @@
 """
-Hardfork Utility Functions
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-.. contents:: Table of Contents
-    :backlinks: none
-    :local:
-
-Introduction
-------------
-
-Utility functions used in this istanbul version of specification.
+Utility functions unique to this particular fork.
 """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/london/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/london/__init__.py
index 83042aeef3..9c63e1112b 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/london/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/london/__init__.py
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 """
-Ethereum London Hardfork
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-The Eleventh Ethereum hardfork.
+The London fork overhauls the transaction fee market, changes gas refunds,
+reserves a contract prefix for future use, and delays the difficulty bomb.
 """
 
 from ethereum.fork_criteria import ByBlockNumber
diff --git a/src/ethereum/london/utils/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/london/utils/__init__.py
index c992f3f130..224a4d269b 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/london/utils/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/london/utils/__init__.py
@@ -1,13 +1,3 @@
 """
-Hardfork Utility Functions
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-.. contents:: Table of Contents
-    :backlinks: none
-    :local:
-
-Introduction
-------------
-
-Utility functions used in this london version of specification.
+Utility functions unique to this particular fork.
 """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/muir_glacier/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/muir_glacier/__init__.py
index f4e15c41cc..5dab5b3ab9 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/muir_glacier/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/muir_glacier/__init__.py
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 """
-Ethereum Muir Glacier Hardfork
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-The Ninth Ethereum hardfork.
+The Muir Glacier fork delays the difficulty bomb. There are no other changes
+in this fork.
 """
 from ethereum.fork_criteria import ByBlockNumber
 
diff --git a/src/ethereum/muir_glacier/utils/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/muir_glacier/utils/__init__.py
index 796d16fb68..224a4d269b 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/muir_glacier/utils/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/muir_glacier/utils/__init__.py
@@ -1,13 +1,3 @@
 """
-Hardfork Utility Functions
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-.. contents:: Table of Contents
-    :backlinks: none
-    :local:
-
-Introduction
-------------
-
-Utility functions used in this muir_glacier version of specification.
+Utility functions unique to this particular fork.
 """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/paris/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/paris/__init__.py
index 2717efce5f..37f14d7923 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/paris/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/paris/__init__.py
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 """
-Ethereum Paris Hardfork
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+The Paris fork transitions Ethereum from a proof-of-work consensus model to a
+proof-of-stake one. This fork is often referred to as "The Merge" because it
+marks the integration of the [consensus layer] with the execution layer
+(defined in this project.)
 
-The Fourteenth Ethereum hardfork.
+[consensus layer]: https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs
 """
 
 from ethereum.fork_criteria import ByBlockNumber
diff --git a/src/ethereum/paris/utils/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/paris/utils/__init__.py
index f64befb3eb..224a4d269b 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/paris/utils/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/paris/utils/__init__.py
@@ -1,13 +1,3 @@
 """
-Hardfork Utility Functions
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-.. contents:: Table of Contents
-    :backlinks: none
-    :local:
-
-Introduction
-------------
-
-Utility functions used in this paris version of specification.
+Utility functions unique to this particular fork.
 """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/shanghai/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/shanghai/__init__.py
index e7b44b575b..b13a98bb29 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/shanghai/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/shanghai/__init__.py
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 """
-Ethereum Shanghai Hardfork
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-The Fourteenth Ethereum hardfork.
+The Shanghai fork brings staking withdrawals to the execution layer, adds a
+push-zero EVM instruction, limits the maximum size of initialization
+bytecode, and deprecates the self-destruct EVM instruction.
 """
 
 from ethereum.fork_criteria import ByTimestamp
diff --git a/src/ethereum/shanghai/utils/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/shanghai/utils/__init__.py
index b368798746..224a4d269b 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/shanghai/utils/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/shanghai/utils/__init__.py
@@ -1,13 +1,3 @@
 """
-Hardfork Utility Functions
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-.. contents:: Table of Contents
-    :backlinks: none
-    :local:
-
-Introduction
-------------
-
-Utility functions used in this shanghai version of specification.
+Utility functions unique to this particular fork.
 """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/spurious_dragon/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/spurious_dragon/__init__.py
index 964103ac22..2835fe52ef 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/spurious_dragon/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/spurious_dragon/__init__.py
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 """
-Ethereum Spurious Dragon Hardfork
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-The fifth Ethereum hardfork.
+The Spurious Dragon fork is the second of two forks responding to a
+denial-of-service attack on the Ethereum network. It tunes the prices of EVM
+instructions, adds protection against replaying transaction on different
+chains, limits the maximum size of contract code, and enables the removal of
+empty accounts.
 """
 
 from ethereum.fork_criteria import ByBlockNumber
diff --git a/src/ethereum/spurious_dragon/utils/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/spurious_dragon/utils/__init__.py
index 1a1ec3e39b..224a4d269b 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/spurious_dragon/utils/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/spurious_dragon/utils/__init__.py
@@ -1,13 +1,3 @@
 """
-Hardfork Utility Functions
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-.. contents:: Table of Contents
-    :backlinks: none
-    :local:
-
-Introduction
-------------
-
-Utility functions used in this spurious dragon version of specification.
+Utility functions unique to this particular fork.
 """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/tangerine_whistle/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/tangerine_whistle/__init__.py
index a4ac4a1f76..a8e1c4574e 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/tangerine_whistle/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/tangerine_whistle/__init__.py
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 """
-Ethereum Tangerine Whistle Hardfork
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-The fourth Ethereum hardfork.
+The Tangerine Whistle fork is the first of two forks responding to a
+denial-of-service attack on the Ethereum network. It tunes the price of various
+EVM instructions, and reduces the state size by removing a number of empty
+accounts.
 """
 
 from ethereum.fork_criteria import ByBlockNumber
diff --git a/src/ethereum/tangerine_whistle/utils/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/tangerine_whistle/utils/__init__.py
index d70f2c885e..224a4d269b 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/tangerine_whistle/utils/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/tangerine_whistle/utils/__init__.py
@@ -1,13 +1,3 @@
 """
-Hardfork Utility Functions
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-.. contents:: Table of Contents
-    :backlinks: none
-    :local:
-
-Introduction
-------------
-
-Utility functions used in this tangerine whistle version of specification.
+Utility functions unique to this particular fork.
 """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/utils/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/utils/__init__.py
index c5aca36680..0996b4c3b4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/utils/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/utils/__init__.py
@@ -1,13 +1,3 @@
 """
-Utility Functions
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-.. contents:: Table of Contents
-    :backlinks: none
-    :local:
-
-Introduction
-------------
-
 Utility functions used in this specification.
 """