diff --git a/src/ethereum/ethash.py b/src/ethereum/ethash.py
index 830eba02ea9..413a056c3ba 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/ethash.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/ethash.py
@@ -398,8 +398,8 @@ def hashimoto_light(
     dataset_size: Uint,
 ) -> Tuple[Bytes, Hash32]:
     """
-    Run the [`hashimoto`] algorithm by generating dataset item using the cache
-    instead of loading the full dataset into main memory.
+    Run the [`hashimoto`] algorithm by generating a dataset item using the
+    cache instead of loading the full dataset into main memory.
 
     #### Parameters
 
diff --git a/src/ethereum/exceptions.py b/src/ethereum/exceptions.py
index 578b55c5023..dafb73b64fc 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/exceptions.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/exceptions.py
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ class InvalidBlock(EthereumException):
 
 class StateWithEmptyAccount(EthereumException):
     """
-    Thrown when the state has empty account.
+    Thrown when the state has an empty account.
     """
 
 
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/blocks.py b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/blocks.py
index ba3c27e9e3f..f9670fadc98 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/blocks.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/blocks.py
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ class Header:
 
     number: Uint
     """
-    Block number, (height) in the chain.
+    Block number (height) in the chain.
     """
 
     gas_limit: Uint
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ class Block:
     header: Header
     """
     The block header containing metadata and cryptographic commitments. Refer
-    [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
+    to [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
 
     [headers]: ref:ethereum.forks.amsterdam.blocks.Header
     """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/bloom.py b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/bloom.py
index 8a12ec081dd..0e079df6b39 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/bloom.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/bloom.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-This modules defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
+This module defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
 general theory of bloom filters see e.g. `Wikipedia
 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_filter>`_. Bloom filters are used to allow
 for efficient searching of logs by address and/or topic, by rapidly
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/requests.py b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/requests.py
index 929e973e587..542c9264d37 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/requests.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/requests.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 """
-Requests were introduced in EIP-7685 as a a general purpose framework for
+Requests were introduced in EIP-7685 as a general purpose framework for
 storing contract-triggered requests. It extends the execution header and
 body with a single field each to store the request information.
 This inherently exposes the requests to the consensus layer, which can
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/state.py b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/state.py
index e997411f6da..6571aa05c61 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/state.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/state.py
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ def account_exists(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
 
 def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     """
-    Checks if an account has non zero nonce or non empty code.
+    Checks if an account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     Returns
     -------
     has_code_or_nonce : `bool`
-        True if the account has non zero nonce or non empty code,
+        True if the account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code,
         False otherwise.
 
     """
@@ -517,7 +517,7 @@ def set_account_balance(state: State, address: Address, amount: U256) -> None:
         Address of the account whose nonce needs to be incremented.
 
     amount:
-        The amount that needs to set in balance.
+        The amount that needs to be set in the balance.
 
     """
 
@@ -557,7 +557,7 @@ def set_code(state: State, address: Address, code: Bytes) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        Address of the account whose code needs to be update.
+        Address of the account whose code needs to be updated.
 
     code:
         The bytecode that needs to be set.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/trie.py b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/trie.py
index 09f67447dbe..77c41f7ff81 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/trie.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/trie.py
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ class BranchNode:
 def encode_internal_node(node: Optional[InternalNode]) -> Extended:
     """
     Encodes a Merkle Trie node into its RLP form. The RLP will then be
-    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less that 32 bytes
+    serialized into a `Bytes` object and hashed unless it is less than 32 bytes
     when serialized.
 
     This function also accepts `None`, representing the absence of a node,
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/__init__.py
index b2a8c5e2b9f..641695ea0e7 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/__init__.py
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class BlockOutput:
     receipts_trie : `ethereum.fork_types.Root`
         Trie root of all the receipts in the block.
     receipt_keys :
-        Key of all the receipts in the block.
+        Keys of all the receipts in the block.
     block_logs : `Bloom`
         Logs bloom of all the logs included in all the transactions of the
         block.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/eoa_delegation.py b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/eoa_delegation.py
index 29909b5fa56..bc96f4c3275 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/eoa_delegation.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/eoa_delegation.py
@@ -157,8 +157,6 @@ def set_delegation(message: Message) -> U256:
     ----------
     message :
         Transaction specific items.
-    env :
-        External items required for EVM execution.
 
     Returns
     -------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/gas.py b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/gas.py
index 360a4430e33..aa07e7cae70 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/gas.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/gas.py
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ def calculate_message_call_gas(
         account inside a message call.
     call_stipend :
         The amount of stipend provided to a message call to execute code while
-        transferring value(ETH).
+        transferring value (ETH).
 
     Returns
     -------
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ def init_code_cost(init_code_length: Uint) -> Uint:
 
 def calculate_excess_blob_gas(parent_header: Header) -> U64:
     """
-    Calculated the excess blob gas for the current block based
+    Calculates the excess blob gas for the current block based
     on the gas used in the parent block.
 
     Parameters
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
index de5d6ab43d5..b7b1a370ad4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def sub(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mul(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Multiply the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
+    Multiplies the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
     on the stack.
 
     Parameters
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ def signextend(evm: Evm) -> None:
         # Can't extend any further
         result = value
     else:
-        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead b'\x00'.
+        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead of b'\x00'.
         value_bytes = Bytes(value.to_be_bytes32())
         # Now among the obtained value bytes, consider only
         # N `least significant bytes`, where N is `byte_num + 1`.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/instructions/block.py b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/instructions/block.py
index 78783751dd5..e563a2e96e8 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/instructions/block.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/instructions/block.py
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ def coinbase(evm: Evm) -> None:
 def timestamp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Push the current block's timestamp onto the stack. Here the timestamp
-    being referred is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
+    being referred to is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
 
     Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
     executing transaction/call resides.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/instructions/environment.py b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/instructions/environment.py
index 83690434658..28c595ee514 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/instructions/environment.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/instructions/environment.py
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ def returndatasize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def returndatacopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copies data from the return data buffer code to memory.
+    Copies data from the return data buffer to memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/instructions/memory.py b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/instructions/memory.py
index 631d33a7fd6..6e111051ee3 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/instructions/memory.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/instructions/memory.py
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ def mstore8(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Load word from memory.
+    Loads a word from memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Push the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
+    Pushes the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mcopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copy the bytes in memory from one location to another.
+    Copies the bytes in memory from one location to another.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/instructions/stack.py b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/instructions/stack.py
index e381b52c370..0007a28acd4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/instructions/stack.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/instructions/stack.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Remove item from stack.
+    Removes an item from the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
     """
-    Pushes a N-byte immediate onto the stack. Push zero if num_bytes is zero.
+    Pushes an N-byte immediate onto the stack. Push zero if num_bytes is zero.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
 
 def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Duplicate the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
+    Duplicates the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
 
 def swap_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Swap the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
+    Swaps the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
     the top of the stack is position zero.
 
     If `item_number` is zero, this function does nothing (which should not be
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/instructions/system.py b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/instructions/system.py
index fea7a0c1b9d..44c36ae000f 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/instructions/system.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/instructions/system.py
@@ -193,8 +193,8 @@ def create2(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Creates a new account with associated code.
 
-    It's similar to CREATE opcode except that the address of new account
-    depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
+    It's similar to the CREATE opcode except that the address of the new
+    account depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py
index 6cb29a32fd9..c7a62cb49c0 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ def bls12_pairing(evm: Evm) -> None:
     Raises
     ------
     InvalidParameter
-        If the input length is invalid or if sub-group check fails.
+        If the input length is invalid or if the subgroup check fails.
 
     """
     data = evm.message.data
@@ -54,12 +54,12 @@ def bls12_pairing(evm: Evm) -> None:
         g1_slice = data[g1_start : g1_start + Uint(128)]
         g1_point = bytes_to_g1(bytes(g1_slice))
         if not is_inf(bls12_multiply(g1_point, curve_order)):
-            raise InvalidParameter("Sub-group check failed for G1 point.")
+            raise InvalidParameter("Subgroup check failed for G1 point.")
 
         g2_slice = data[g2_start : g2_start + Uint(256)]
         g2_point = bytes_to_g2(bytes(g2_slice))
         if not is_inf(bls12_multiply(g2_point, curve_order)):
-            raise InvalidParameter("Sub-group check failed for G2 point.")
+            raise InvalidParameter("Subgroup check failed for G2 point.")
 
         result *= pairing(g2_point, g1_point)
 
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
index d2eeaf75df1..d8f6602e556 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the ECRECOVER precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `ECRECOVER` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
index a80e2b02354..7486203c3e6 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Mapping of precompiled contracts their implementations.
+Mapping of precompiled contracts to their implementations.
 """
 
 from typing import Callable, Dict
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
index 5e7e895b91a..bf828ee8f6e 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 
 def modexp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and.
+    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and
     `modulus`. The return value is the same length as the modulus.
     """
     data = evm.message.data
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py
index 6f6e7ff4e9d..106dd548a61 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py
@@ -5,9 +5,10 @@
     :backlinks: none
     :local:
 
-Introduction.
+Introduction
 ------------
-Implementation of the P256VERIFY precompiled contract.
+
+Implementation of the `P256VERIFY` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
index 760af477364..ce4eed71294 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the POINT EVALUATION precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `POINT EVALUATION` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.bytes import Bytes, Bytes32, Bytes48
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/runtime.py b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/runtime.py
index 505b3488de8..0aa5ddd5e20 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/runtime.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/amsterdam/vm/runtime.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 def get_valid_jump_destinations(code: Bytes) -> Set[Uint]:
     """
-    Analyze the evm code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
+    Analyze the EVM code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
 
     Valid jump destinations are defined as follows:
         * The jump destination is less than the length of the code.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/blocks.py b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/blocks.py
index 23bc1c4bd66..497a331c0dd 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/blocks.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/blocks.py
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ class Header:
 
     number: Uint
     """
-    Block number, (height) in the chain.
+    Block number (height) in the chain.
     """
 
     gas_limit: Uint
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ class Block:
     header: Header
     """
     The block header containing metadata and cryptographic commitments. Refer
-    [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
+    to [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
 
     [headers]: ref:ethereum.forks.arrow_glacier.blocks.Header
     """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/bloom.py b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/bloom.py
index 8a12ec081dd..0e079df6b39 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/bloom.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/bloom.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-This modules defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
+This module defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
 general theory of bloom filters see e.g. `Wikipedia
 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_filter>`_. Bloom filters are used to allow
 for efficient searching of logs by address and/or topic, by rapidly
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/state.py b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/state.py
index 5fbcf920cd2..91a0b28a1eb 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/state.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/state.py
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ def account_exists(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
 
 def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     """
-    Checks if an account has non zero nonce or non empty code.
+    Checks if an account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     Returns
     -------
     has_code_or_nonce : `bool`
-        True if the account has non zero nonce or non empty code,
+        True if the account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code,
         False otherwise.
 
     """
@@ -500,7 +500,7 @@ def set_account_balance(state: State, address: Address, amount: U256) -> None:
         Address of the account whose nonce needs to be incremented.
 
     amount:
-        The amount that needs to set in balance.
+        The amount that needs to be set in the balance.
 
     """
 
@@ -520,7 +520,7 @@ def touch_account(state: State, address: Address) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        The address of the account that need to initialised.
+        The address of the account that needs to be initialized.
 
     """
     if not account_exists(state, address):
@@ -557,7 +557,7 @@ def set_code(state: State, address: Address, code: Bytes) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        Address of the account whose code needs to be update.
+        Address of the account whose code needs to be updated.
 
     code:
         The bytecode that needs to be set.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/trie.py b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/trie.py
index d81b24e6684..fce5af9482f 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/trie.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/trie.py
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ class BranchNode:
 def encode_internal_node(node: Optional[InternalNode]) -> Extended:
     """
     Encodes a Merkle Trie node into its RLP form. The RLP will then be
-    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less that 32 bytes
+    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less than 32 bytes
     when serialized.
 
     This function also accepts `None`, representing the absence of a node,
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/__init__.py
index 40ee422fb61..ebbb4448291 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/__init__.py
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ class BlockOutput:
     receipts_trie : `ethereum.fork_types.Root`
         Trie root of all the receipts in the block.
     receipt_keys :
-        Key of all the receipts in the block.
+        Keys of all the receipts in the block.
     block_logs : `Bloom`
         Logs bloom of all the logs included in all the transactions of the
         block.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/gas.py b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/gas.py
index b5c96dea850..4f2dde3b9d7 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/gas.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/gas.py
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ def calculate_message_call_gas(
         account inside a message call.
     call_stipend :
         The amount of stipend provided to a message call to execute code while
-        transferring value(ETH).
+        transferring value (ETH).
 
     Returns
     -------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
index de5d6ab43d5..b7b1a370ad4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def sub(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mul(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Multiply the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
+    Multiplies the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
     on the stack.
 
     Parameters
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ def signextend(evm: Evm) -> None:
         # Can't extend any further
         result = value
     else:
-        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead b'\x00'.
+        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead of b'\x00'.
         value_bytes = Bytes(value.to_be_bytes32())
         # Now among the obtained value bytes, consider only
         # N `least significant bytes`, where N is `byte_num + 1`.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/instructions/block.py b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/instructions/block.py
index ecbeac10f42..bbf01739ff2 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/instructions/block.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/instructions/block.py
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ def coinbase(evm: Evm) -> None:
 def timestamp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Push the current block's timestamp onto the stack. Here the timestamp
-    being referred is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
+    being referred to is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
 
     Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
     executing transaction/call resides.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/instructions/environment.py b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/instructions/environment.py
index 1abfaeafa9c..2a7b4346619 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/instructions/environment.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/instructions/environment.py
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ def returndatasize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def returndatacopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copies data from the return data buffer code to memory.
+    Copies data from the return data buffer to memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/instructions/memory.py b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/instructions/memory.py
index fdd95188438..3a242ba2f7a 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/instructions/memory.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/instructions/memory.py
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def mstore8(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Load word from memory.
+    Loads a word from memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Push the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
+    Pushes the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/instructions/stack.py b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/instructions/stack.py
index bdf232db6a8..0fc0d3fe4b5 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/instructions/stack.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/instructions/stack.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Remove item from stack.
+    Removes an item from the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
     """
-    Pushes a N-byte immediate onto the stack.
+    Pushes an N-byte immediate onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
 
 def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Duplicate the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
+    Duplicates the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
 
 def swap_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Swap the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
+    Swaps the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
     the top of the stack is position zero.
 
     If `item_number` is zero, this function does nothing (which should not be
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/instructions/system.py b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/instructions/system.py
index 2ef31f9595e..44ba77a073c 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/instructions/system.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/instructions/system.py
@@ -179,8 +179,8 @@ def create2(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Creates a new account with associated code.
 
-    It's similar to CREATE opcode except that the address of new account
-    depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
+    It's similar to the CREATE opcode except that the address of the new
+    account depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
index d2eeaf75df1..d8f6602e556 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the ECRECOVER precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `ECRECOVER` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
index 827c44cfac7..44013f70e89 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Mapping of precompiled contracts their implementations.
+Mapping of precompiled contracts to their implementations.
 """
 
 from typing import Callable, Dict
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
index 462341f69fd..755a396ddac 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def modexp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and.
+    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and
     `modulus`. The return value is the same length as the modulus.
     """
     data = evm.message.data
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/runtime.py b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/runtime.py
index 505b3488de8..0aa5ddd5e20 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/runtime.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/arrow_glacier/vm/runtime.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 def get_valid_jump_destinations(code: Bytes) -> Set[Uint]:
     """
-    Analyze the evm code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
+    Analyze the EVM code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
 
     Valid jump destinations are defined as follows:
         * The jump destination is less than the length of the code.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/blocks.py b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/blocks.py
index 8f460316dae..a52af69baed 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/blocks.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/blocks.py
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ class Header:
 
     number: Uint
     """
-    Block number, (height) in the chain.
+    Block number (height) in the chain.
     """
 
     gas_limit: Uint
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ class Block:
     header: Header
     """
     The block header containing metadata and cryptographic commitments. Refer
-    [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
+    to [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
 
     [headers]: ref:ethereum.forks.berlin.blocks.Header
     """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/bloom.py b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/bloom.py
index 8a12ec081dd..0e079df6b39 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/bloom.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/bloom.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-This modules defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
+This module defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
 general theory of bloom filters see e.g. `Wikipedia
 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_filter>`_. Bloom filters are used to allow
 for efficient searching of logs by address and/or topic, by rapidly
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/state.py b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/state.py
index 5fbcf920cd2..91a0b28a1eb 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/state.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/state.py
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ def account_exists(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
 
 def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     """
-    Checks if an account has non zero nonce or non empty code.
+    Checks if an account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     Returns
     -------
     has_code_or_nonce : `bool`
-        True if the account has non zero nonce or non empty code,
+        True if the account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code,
         False otherwise.
 
     """
@@ -500,7 +500,7 @@ def set_account_balance(state: State, address: Address, amount: U256) -> None:
         Address of the account whose nonce needs to be incremented.
 
     amount:
-        The amount that needs to set in balance.
+        The amount that needs to be set in the balance.
 
     """
 
@@ -520,7 +520,7 @@ def touch_account(state: State, address: Address) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        The address of the account that need to initialised.
+        The address of the account that needs to be initialized.
 
     """
     if not account_exists(state, address):
@@ -557,7 +557,7 @@ def set_code(state: State, address: Address, code: Bytes) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        Address of the account whose code needs to be update.
+        Address of the account whose code needs to be updated.
 
     code:
         The bytecode that needs to be set.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/trie.py b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/trie.py
index a1fc5a03d6d..01e4f062098 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/trie.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/trie.py
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ class BranchNode:
 def encode_internal_node(node: Optional[InternalNode]) -> Extended:
     """
     Encodes a Merkle Trie node into its RLP form. The RLP will then be
-    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less that 32 bytes
+    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less than 32 bytes
     when serialized.
 
     This function also accepts `None`, representing the absence of a node,
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/__init__.py
index b1973823aff..1c6469d033d 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/__init__.py
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ class BlockOutput:
     receipts_trie : `ethereum.fork_types.Root`
         Trie root of all the receipts in the block.
     receipt_keys :
-        Key of all the receipts in the block.
+        Keys of all the receipts in the block.
     block_logs : `Bloom`
         Logs bloom of all the logs included in all the transactions of the
         block.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/gas.py b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/gas.py
index dcb7dfb30b5..74a186d6c44 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/gas.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/gas.py
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ def calculate_message_call_gas(
         account inside a message call.
     call_stipend :
         The amount of stipend provided to a message call to execute code while
-        transferring value(ETH).
+        transferring value (ETH).
 
     Returns
     -------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
index de5d6ab43d5..b7b1a370ad4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def sub(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mul(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Multiply the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
+    Multiplies the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
     on the stack.
 
     Parameters
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ def signextend(evm: Evm) -> None:
         # Can't extend any further
         result = value
     else:
-        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead b'\x00'.
+        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead of b'\x00'.
         value_bytes = Bytes(value.to_be_bytes32())
         # Now among the obtained value bytes, consider only
         # N `least significant bytes`, where N is `byte_num + 1`.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/instructions/block.py b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/instructions/block.py
index ecbeac10f42..bbf01739ff2 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/instructions/block.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/instructions/block.py
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ def coinbase(evm: Evm) -> None:
 def timestamp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Push the current block's timestamp onto the stack. Here the timestamp
-    being referred is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
+    being referred to is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
 
     Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
     executing transaction/call resides.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/instructions/environment.py b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/instructions/environment.py
index 8ff0e0b2f01..7158c504e8c 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/instructions/environment.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/instructions/environment.py
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ def returndatasize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def returndatacopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copies data from the return data buffer code to memory.
+    Copies data from the return data buffer to memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/instructions/memory.py b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/instructions/memory.py
index fdd95188438..3a242ba2f7a 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/instructions/memory.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/instructions/memory.py
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def mstore8(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Load word from memory.
+    Loads a word from memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Push the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
+    Pushes the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/instructions/stack.py b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/instructions/stack.py
index bdf232db6a8..0fc0d3fe4b5 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/instructions/stack.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/instructions/stack.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Remove item from stack.
+    Removes an item from the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
     """
-    Pushes a N-byte immediate onto the stack.
+    Pushes an N-byte immediate onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
 
 def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Duplicate the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
+    Duplicates the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
 
 def swap_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Swap the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
+    Swaps the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
     the top of the stack is position zero.
 
     If `item_number` is zero, this function does nothing (which should not be
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/instructions/system.py b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/instructions/system.py
index 3b915e29ce2..afd813e3fab 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/instructions/system.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/instructions/system.py
@@ -180,8 +180,8 @@ def create2(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Creates a new account with associated code.
 
-    It's similar to CREATE opcode except that the address of new account
-    depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
+    It's similar to the CREATE opcode except that the address of the new
+    account depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
index d2eeaf75df1..d8f6602e556 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the ECRECOVER precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `ECRECOVER` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
index 827c44cfac7..44013f70e89 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Mapping of precompiled contracts their implementations.
+Mapping of precompiled contracts to their implementations.
 """
 
 from typing import Callable, Dict
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
index 462341f69fd..755a396ddac 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def modexp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and.
+    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and
     `modulus`. The return value is the same length as the modulus.
     """
     data = evm.message.data
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/runtime.py b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/runtime.py
index 505b3488de8..0aa5ddd5e20 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/runtime.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/berlin/vm/runtime.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 def get_valid_jump_destinations(code: Bytes) -> Set[Uint]:
     """
-    Analyze the evm code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
+    Analyze the EVM code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
 
     Valid jump destinations are defined as follows:
         * The jump destination is less than the length of the code.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/blocks.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/blocks.py
index ffa9c59a9f6..dcfe788d8a9 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/blocks.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/blocks.py
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ class Header:
 
     number: Uint
     """
-    Block number, (height) in the chain.
+    Block number (height) in the chain.
     """
 
     gas_limit: Uint
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ class Block:
     header: Header
     """
     The block header containing metadata and cryptographic commitments. Refer
-    [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
+    to [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
 
     [headers]: ref:ethereum.forks.bpo1.blocks.Header
     """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/bloom.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/bloom.py
index 8a12ec081dd..0e079df6b39 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/bloom.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/bloom.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-This modules defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
+This module defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
 general theory of bloom filters see e.g. `Wikipedia
 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_filter>`_. Bloom filters are used to allow
 for efficient searching of logs by address and/or topic, by rapidly
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/requests.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/requests.py
index 929e973e587..542c9264d37 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/requests.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/requests.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 """
-Requests were introduced in EIP-7685 as a a general purpose framework for
+Requests were introduced in EIP-7685 as a general purpose framework for
 storing contract-triggered requests. It extends the execution header and
 body with a single field each to store the request information.
 This inherently exposes the requests to the consensus layer, which can
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/state.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/state.py
index e997411f6da..6571aa05c61 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/state.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/state.py
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ def account_exists(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
 
 def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     """
-    Checks if an account has non zero nonce or non empty code.
+    Checks if an account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     Returns
     -------
     has_code_or_nonce : `bool`
-        True if the account has non zero nonce or non empty code,
+        True if the account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code,
         False otherwise.
 
     """
@@ -517,7 +517,7 @@ def set_account_balance(state: State, address: Address, amount: U256) -> None:
         Address of the account whose nonce needs to be incremented.
 
     amount:
-        The amount that needs to set in balance.
+        The amount that needs to be set in the balance.
 
     """
 
@@ -557,7 +557,7 @@ def set_code(state: State, address: Address, code: Bytes) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        Address of the account whose code needs to be update.
+        Address of the account whose code needs to be updated.
 
     code:
         The bytecode that needs to be set.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/trie.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/trie.py
index 11a2e035ab6..3e6b5cab255 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/trie.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/trie.py
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ class BranchNode:
 def encode_internal_node(node: Optional[InternalNode]) -> Extended:
     """
     Encodes a Merkle Trie node into its RLP form. The RLP will then be
-    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less that 32 bytes
+    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less than 32 bytes
     when serialized.
 
     This function also accepts `None`, representing the absence of a node,
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/__init__.py
index b2a8c5e2b9f..641695ea0e7 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/__init__.py
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class BlockOutput:
     receipts_trie : `ethereum.fork_types.Root`
         Trie root of all the receipts in the block.
     receipt_keys :
-        Key of all the receipts in the block.
+        Keys of all the receipts in the block.
     block_logs : `Bloom`
         Logs bloom of all the logs included in all the transactions of the
         block.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/eoa_delegation.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/eoa_delegation.py
index 29909b5fa56..bc96f4c3275 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/eoa_delegation.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/eoa_delegation.py
@@ -157,8 +157,6 @@ def set_delegation(message: Message) -> U256:
     ----------
     message :
         Transaction specific items.
-    env :
-        External items required for EVM execution.
 
     Returns
     -------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/gas.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/gas.py
index fc4c8618f50..2bf030e1901 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/gas.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/gas.py
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ def calculate_message_call_gas(
         account inside a message call.
     call_stipend :
         The amount of stipend provided to a message call to execute code while
-        transferring value(ETH).
+        transferring value (ETH).
 
     Returns
     -------
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ def init_code_cost(init_code_length: Uint) -> Uint:
 
 def calculate_excess_blob_gas(parent_header: Header) -> U64:
     """
-    Calculated the excess blob gas for the current block based
+    Calculates the excess blob gas for the current block based
     on the gas used in the parent block.
 
     Parameters
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
index de5d6ab43d5..b7b1a370ad4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def sub(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mul(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Multiply the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
+    Multiplies the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
     on the stack.
 
     Parameters
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ def signextend(evm: Evm) -> None:
         # Can't extend any further
         result = value
     else:
-        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead b'\x00'.
+        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead of b'\x00'.
         value_bytes = Bytes(value.to_be_bytes32())
         # Now among the obtained value bytes, consider only
         # N `least significant bytes`, where N is `byte_num + 1`.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/instructions/block.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/instructions/block.py
index c0520797e58..75810aacd39 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/instructions/block.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/instructions/block.py
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ def coinbase(evm: Evm) -> None:
 def timestamp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Push the current block's timestamp onto the stack. Here the timestamp
-    being referred is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
+    being referred to is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
 
     Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
     executing transaction/call resides.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/instructions/environment.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/instructions/environment.py
index 83690434658..28c595ee514 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/instructions/environment.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/instructions/environment.py
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ def returndatasize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def returndatacopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copies data from the return data buffer code to memory.
+    Copies data from the return data buffer to memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/instructions/memory.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/instructions/memory.py
index 631d33a7fd6..6e111051ee3 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/instructions/memory.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/instructions/memory.py
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ def mstore8(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Load word from memory.
+    Loads a word from memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Push the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
+    Pushes the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mcopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copy the bytes in memory from one location to another.
+    Copies the bytes in memory from one location to another.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/instructions/stack.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/instructions/stack.py
index e381b52c370..0007a28acd4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/instructions/stack.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/instructions/stack.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Remove item from stack.
+    Removes an item from the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
     """
-    Pushes a N-byte immediate onto the stack. Push zero if num_bytes is zero.
+    Pushes an N-byte immediate onto the stack. Push zero if num_bytes is zero.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
 
 def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Duplicate the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
+    Duplicates the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
 
 def swap_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Swap the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
+    Swaps the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
     the top of the stack is position zero.
 
     If `item_number` is zero, this function does nothing (which should not be
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/instructions/system.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/instructions/system.py
index fea7a0c1b9d..44c36ae000f 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/instructions/system.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/instructions/system.py
@@ -193,8 +193,8 @@ def create2(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Creates a new account with associated code.
 
-    It's similar to CREATE opcode except that the address of new account
-    depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
+    It's similar to the CREATE opcode except that the address of the new
+    account depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py
index 6cb29a32fd9..c7a62cb49c0 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ def bls12_pairing(evm: Evm) -> None:
     Raises
     ------
     InvalidParameter
-        If the input length is invalid or if sub-group check fails.
+        If the input length is invalid or if the subgroup check fails.
 
     """
     data = evm.message.data
@@ -54,12 +54,12 @@ def bls12_pairing(evm: Evm) -> None:
         g1_slice = data[g1_start : g1_start + Uint(128)]
         g1_point = bytes_to_g1(bytes(g1_slice))
         if not is_inf(bls12_multiply(g1_point, curve_order)):
-            raise InvalidParameter("Sub-group check failed for G1 point.")
+            raise InvalidParameter("Subgroup check failed for G1 point.")
 
         g2_slice = data[g2_start : g2_start + Uint(256)]
         g2_point = bytes_to_g2(bytes(g2_slice))
         if not is_inf(bls12_multiply(g2_point, curve_order)):
-            raise InvalidParameter("Sub-group check failed for G2 point.")
+            raise InvalidParameter("Subgroup check failed for G2 point.")
 
         result *= pairing(g2_point, g1_point)
 
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
index d2eeaf75df1..d8f6602e556 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the ECRECOVER precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `ECRECOVER` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
index a80e2b02354..7486203c3e6 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Mapping of precompiled contracts their implementations.
+Mapping of precompiled contracts to their implementations.
 """
 
 from typing import Callable, Dict
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
index 5e7e895b91a..bf828ee8f6e 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 
 def modexp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and.
+    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and
     `modulus`. The return value is the same length as the modulus.
     """
     data = evm.message.data
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py
index 6f6e7ff4e9d..106dd548a61 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py
@@ -5,9 +5,10 @@
     :backlinks: none
     :local:
 
-Introduction.
+Introduction
 ------------
-Implementation of the P256VERIFY precompiled contract.
+
+Implementation of the `P256VERIFY` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
index 760af477364..ce4eed71294 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the POINT EVALUATION precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `POINT EVALUATION` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.bytes import Bytes, Bytes32, Bytes48
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/runtime.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/runtime.py
index 505b3488de8..0aa5ddd5e20 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/runtime.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo1/vm/runtime.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 def get_valid_jump_destinations(code: Bytes) -> Set[Uint]:
     """
-    Analyze the evm code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
+    Analyze the EVM code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
 
     Valid jump destinations are defined as follows:
         * The jump destination is less than the length of the code.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/blocks.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/blocks.py
index 2cf92987397..eb40de4eaf1 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/blocks.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/blocks.py
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ class Header:
 
     number: Uint
     """
-    Block number, (height) in the chain.
+    Block number (height) in the chain.
     """
 
     gas_limit: Uint
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ class Block:
     header: Header
     """
     The block header containing metadata and cryptographic commitments. Refer
-    [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
+    to [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
 
     [headers]: ref:ethereum.forks.bpo2.blocks.Header
     """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/bloom.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/bloom.py
index 8a12ec081dd..0e079df6b39 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/bloom.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/bloom.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-This modules defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
+This module defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
 general theory of bloom filters see e.g. `Wikipedia
 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_filter>`_. Bloom filters are used to allow
 for efficient searching of logs by address and/or topic, by rapidly
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/requests.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/requests.py
index 929e973e587..542c9264d37 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/requests.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/requests.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 """
-Requests were introduced in EIP-7685 as a a general purpose framework for
+Requests were introduced in EIP-7685 as a general purpose framework for
 storing contract-triggered requests. It extends the execution header and
 body with a single field each to store the request information.
 This inherently exposes the requests to the consensus layer, which can
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/state.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/state.py
index e997411f6da..6571aa05c61 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/state.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/state.py
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ def account_exists(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
 
 def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     """
-    Checks if an account has non zero nonce or non empty code.
+    Checks if an account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     Returns
     -------
     has_code_or_nonce : `bool`
-        True if the account has non zero nonce or non empty code,
+        True if the account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code,
         False otherwise.
 
     """
@@ -517,7 +517,7 @@ def set_account_balance(state: State, address: Address, amount: U256) -> None:
         Address of the account whose nonce needs to be incremented.
 
     amount:
-        The amount that needs to set in balance.
+        The amount that needs to be set in the balance.
 
     """
 
@@ -557,7 +557,7 @@ def set_code(state: State, address: Address, code: Bytes) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        Address of the account whose code needs to be update.
+        Address of the account whose code needs to be updated.
 
     code:
         The bytecode that needs to be set.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/trie.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/trie.py
index ec585b0d053..314651ab9ec 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/trie.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/trie.py
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ class BranchNode:
 def encode_internal_node(node: Optional[InternalNode]) -> Extended:
     """
     Encodes a Merkle Trie node into its RLP form. The RLP will then be
-    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less that 32 bytes
+    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less than 32 bytes
     when serialized.
 
     This function also accepts `None`, representing the absence of a node,
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/__init__.py
index b2a8c5e2b9f..641695ea0e7 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/__init__.py
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class BlockOutput:
     receipts_trie : `ethereum.fork_types.Root`
         Trie root of all the receipts in the block.
     receipt_keys :
-        Key of all the receipts in the block.
+        Keys of all the receipts in the block.
     block_logs : `Bloom`
         Logs bloom of all the logs included in all the transactions of the
         block.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/eoa_delegation.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/eoa_delegation.py
index 29909b5fa56..bc96f4c3275 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/eoa_delegation.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/eoa_delegation.py
@@ -157,8 +157,6 @@ def set_delegation(message: Message) -> U256:
     ----------
     message :
         Transaction specific items.
-    env :
-        External items required for EVM execution.
 
     Returns
     -------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/gas.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/gas.py
index 360a4430e33..aa07e7cae70 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/gas.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/gas.py
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ def calculate_message_call_gas(
         account inside a message call.
     call_stipend :
         The amount of stipend provided to a message call to execute code while
-        transferring value(ETH).
+        transferring value (ETH).
 
     Returns
     -------
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ def init_code_cost(init_code_length: Uint) -> Uint:
 
 def calculate_excess_blob_gas(parent_header: Header) -> U64:
     """
-    Calculated the excess blob gas for the current block based
+    Calculates the excess blob gas for the current block based
     on the gas used in the parent block.
 
     Parameters
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
index de5d6ab43d5..b7b1a370ad4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def sub(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mul(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Multiply the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
+    Multiplies the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
     on the stack.
 
     Parameters
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ def signextend(evm: Evm) -> None:
         # Can't extend any further
         result = value
     else:
-        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead b'\x00'.
+        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead of b'\x00'.
         value_bytes = Bytes(value.to_be_bytes32())
         # Now among the obtained value bytes, consider only
         # N `least significant bytes`, where N is `byte_num + 1`.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/instructions/block.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/instructions/block.py
index e3d73657bf9..9923433c7b6 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/instructions/block.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/instructions/block.py
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ def coinbase(evm: Evm) -> None:
 def timestamp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Push the current block's timestamp onto the stack. Here the timestamp
-    being referred is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
+    being referred to is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
 
     Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
     executing transaction/call resides.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/instructions/environment.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/instructions/environment.py
index 83690434658..28c595ee514 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/instructions/environment.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/instructions/environment.py
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ def returndatasize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def returndatacopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copies data from the return data buffer code to memory.
+    Copies data from the return data buffer to memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/instructions/memory.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/instructions/memory.py
index 631d33a7fd6..6e111051ee3 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/instructions/memory.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/instructions/memory.py
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ def mstore8(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Load word from memory.
+    Loads a word from memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Push the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
+    Pushes the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mcopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copy the bytes in memory from one location to another.
+    Copies the bytes in memory from one location to another.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/instructions/stack.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/instructions/stack.py
index e381b52c370..0007a28acd4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/instructions/stack.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/instructions/stack.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Remove item from stack.
+    Removes an item from the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
     """
-    Pushes a N-byte immediate onto the stack. Push zero if num_bytes is zero.
+    Pushes an N-byte immediate onto the stack. Push zero if num_bytes is zero.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
 
 def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Duplicate the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
+    Duplicates the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
 
 def swap_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Swap the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
+    Swaps the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
     the top of the stack is position zero.
 
     If `item_number` is zero, this function does nothing (which should not be
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/instructions/system.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/instructions/system.py
index fea7a0c1b9d..44c36ae000f 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/instructions/system.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/instructions/system.py
@@ -193,8 +193,8 @@ def create2(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Creates a new account with associated code.
 
-    It's similar to CREATE opcode except that the address of new account
-    depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
+    It's similar to the CREATE opcode except that the address of the new
+    account depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py
index 6cb29a32fd9..c7a62cb49c0 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ def bls12_pairing(evm: Evm) -> None:
     Raises
     ------
     InvalidParameter
-        If the input length is invalid or if sub-group check fails.
+        If the input length is invalid or if the subgroup check fails.
 
     """
     data = evm.message.data
@@ -54,12 +54,12 @@ def bls12_pairing(evm: Evm) -> None:
         g1_slice = data[g1_start : g1_start + Uint(128)]
         g1_point = bytes_to_g1(bytes(g1_slice))
         if not is_inf(bls12_multiply(g1_point, curve_order)):
-            raise InvalidParameter("Sub-group check failed for G1 point.")
+            raise InvalidParameter("Subgroup check failed for G1 point.")
 
         g2_slice = data[g2_start : g2_start + Uint(256)]
         g2_point = bytes_to_g2(bytes(g2_slice))
         if not is_inf(bls12_multiply(g2_point, curve_order)):
-            raise InvalidParameter("Sub-group check failed for G2 point.")
+            raise InvalidParameter("Subgroup check failed for G2 point.")
 
         result *= pairing(g2_point, g1_point)
 
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
index d2eeaf75df1..d8f6602e556 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the ECRECOVER precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `ECRECOVER` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
index a80e2b02354..7486203c3e6 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Mapping of precompiled contracts their implementations.
+Mapping of precompiled contracts to their implementations.
 """
 
 from typing import Callable, Dict
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
index 5e7e895b91a..bf828ee8f6e 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 
 def modexp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and.
+    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and
     `modulus`. The return value is the same length as the modulus.
     """
     data = evm.message.data
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py
index 6f6e7ff4e9d..106dd548a61 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py
@@ -5,9 +5,10 @@
     :backlinks: none
     :local:
 
-Introduction.
+Introduction
 ------------
-Implementation of the P256VERIFY precompiled contract.
+
+Implementation of the `P256VERIFY` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
index 760af477364..ce4eed71294 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the POINT EVALUATION precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `POINT EVALUATION` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.bytes import Bytes, Bytes32, Bytes48
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/runtime.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/runtime.py
index 505b3488de8..0aa5ddd5e20 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/runtime.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo2/vm/runtime.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 def get_valid_jump_destinations(code: Bytes) -> Set[Uint]:
     """
-    Analyze the evm code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
+    Analyze the EVM code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
 
     Valid jump destinations are defined as follows:
         * The jump destination is less than the length of the code.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/blocks.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/blocks.py
index 5104960d8c4..cf2915f7ac8 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/blocks.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/blocks.py
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ class Header:
 
     number: Uint
     """
-    Block number, (height) in the chain.
+    Block number (height) in the chain.
     """
 
     gas_limit: Uint
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ class Block:
     header: Header
     """
     The block header containing metadata and cryptographic commitments. Refer
-    [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
+    to [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
 
     [headers]: ref:ethereum.forks.bpo3.blocks.Header
     """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/bloom.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/bloom.py
index 8a12ec081dd..0e079df6b39 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/bloom.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/bloom.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-This modules defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
+This module defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
 general theory of bloom filters see e.g. `Wikipedia
 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_filter>`_. Bloom filters are used to allow
 for efficient searching of logs by address and/or topic, by rapidly
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/requests.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/requests.py
index 929e973e587..542c9264d37 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/requests.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/requests.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 """
-Requests were introduced in EIP-7685 as a a general purpose framework for
+Requests were introduced in EIP-7685 as a general purpose framework for
 storing contract-triggered requests. It extends the execution header and
 body with a single field each to store the request information.
 This inherently exposes the requests to the consensus layer, which can
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/state.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/state.py
index e997411f6da..6571aa05c61 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/state.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/state.py
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ def account_exists(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
 
 def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     """
-    Checks if an account has non zero nonce or non empty code.
+    Checks if an account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     Returns
     -------
     has_code_or_nonce : `bool`
-        True if the account has non zero nonce or non empty code,
+        True if the account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code,
         False otherwise.
 
     """
@@ -517,7 +517,7 @@ def set_account_balance(state: State, address: Address, amount: U256) -> None:
         Address of the account whose nonce needs to be incremented.
 
     amount:
-        The amount that needs to set in balance.
+        The amount that needs to be set in the balance.
 
     """
 
@@ -557,7 +557,7 @@ def set_code(state: State, address: Address, code: Bytes) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        Address of the account whose code needs to be update.
+        Address of the account whose code needs to be updated.
 
     code:
         The bytecode that needs to be set.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/trie.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/trie.py
index 30cf636ca7f..60d669de9d4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/trie.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/trie.py
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ class BranchNode:
 def encode_internal_node(node: Optional[InternalNode]) -> Extended:
     """
     Encodes a Merkle Trie node into its RLP form. The RLP will then be
-    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less that 32 bytes
+    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less than 32 bytes
     when serialized.
 
     This function also accepts `None`, representing the absence of a node,
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/__init__.py
index b2a8c5e2b9f..641695ea0e7 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/__init__.py
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class BlockOutput:
     receipts_trie : `ethereum.fork_types.Root`
         Trie root of all the receipts in the block.
     receipt_keys :
-        Key of all the receipts in the block.
+        Keys of all the receipts in the block.
     block_logs : `Bloom`
         Logs bloom of all the logs included in all the transactions of the
         block.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/eoa_delegation.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/eoa_delegation.py
index 29909b5fa56..bc96f4c3275 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/eoa_delegation.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/eoa_delegation.py
@@ -157,8 +157,6 @@ def set_delegation(message: Message) -> U256:
     ----------
     message :
         Transaction specific items.
-    env :
-        External items required for EVM execution.
 
     Returns
     -------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/gas.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/gas.py
index 360a4430e33..aa07e7cae70 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/gas.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/gas.py
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ def calculate_message_call_gas(
         account inside a message call.
     call_stipend :
         The amount of stipend provided to a message call to execute code while
-        transferring value(ETH).
+        transferring value (ETH).
 
     Returns
     -------
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ def init_code_cost(init_code_length: Uint) -> Uint:
 
 def calculate_excess_blob_gas(parent_header: Header) -> U64:
     """
-    Calculated the excess blob gas for the current block based
+    Calculates the excess blob gas for the current block based
     on the gas used in the parent block.
 
     Parameters
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
index de5d6ab43d5..b7b1a370ad4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def sub(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mul(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Multiply the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
+    Multiplies the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
     on the stack.
 
     Parameters
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ def signextend(evm: Evm) -> None:
         # Can't extend any further
         result = value
     else:
-        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead b'\x00'.
+        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead of b'\x00'.
         value_bytes = Bytes(value.to_be_bytes32())
         # Now among the obtained value bytes, consider only
         # N `least significant bytes`, where N is `byte_num + 1`.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/instructions/block.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/instructions/block.py
index 8a90f826cf2..10fcbdbdb57 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/instructions/block.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/instructions/block.py
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ def coinbase(evm: Evm) -> None:
 def timestamp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Push the current block's timestamp onto the stack. Here the timestamp
-    being referred is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
+    being referred to is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
 
     Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
     executing transaction/call resides.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/instructions/environment.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/instructions/environment.py
index 83690434658..28c595ee514 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/instructions/environment.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/instructions/environment.py
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ def returndatasize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def returndatacopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copies data from the return data buffer code to memory.
+    Copies data from the return data buffer to memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/instructions/memory.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/instructions/memory.py
index 631d33a7fd6..6e111051ee3 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/instructions/memory.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/instructions/memory.py
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ def mstore8(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Load word from memory.
+    Loads a word from memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Push the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
+    Pushes the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mcopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copy the bytes in memory from one location to another.
+    Copies the bytes in memory from one location to another.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/instructions/stack.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/instructions/stack.py
index e381b52c370..0007a28acd4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/instructions/stack.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/instructions/stack.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Remove item from stack.
+    Removes an item from the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
     """
-    Pushes a N-byte immediate onto the stack. Push zero if num_bytes is zero.
+    Pushes an N-byte immediate onto the stack. Push zero if num_bytes is zero.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
 
 def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Duplicate the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
+    Duplicates the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
 
 def swap_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Swap the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
+    Swaps the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
     the top of the stack is position zero.
 
     If `item_number` is zero, this function does nothing (which should not be
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/instructions/system.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/instructions/system.py
index fea7a0c1b9d..44c36ae000f 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/instructions/system.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/instructions/system.py
@@ -193,8 +193,8 @@ def create2(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Creates a new account with associated code.
 
-    It's similar to CREATE opcode except that the address of new account
-    depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
+    It's similar to the CREATE opcode except that the address of the new
+    account depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py
index 6cb29a32fd9..c7a62cb49c0 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ def bls12_pairing(evm: Evm) -> None:
     Raises
     ------
     InvalidParameter
-        If the input length is invalid or if sub-group check fails.
+        If the input length is invalid or if the subgroup check fails.
 
     """
     data = evm.message.data
@@ -54,12 +54,12 @@ def bls12_pairing(evm: Evm) -> None:
         g1_slice = data[g1_start : g1_start + Uint(128)]
         g1_point = bytes_to_g1(bytes(g1_slice))
         if not is_inf(bls12_multiply(g1_point, curve_order)):
-            raise InvalidParameter("Sub-group check failed for G1 point.")
+            raise InvalidParameter("Subgroup check failed for G1 point.")
 
         g2_slice = data[g2_start : g2_start + Uint(256)]
         g2_point = bytes_to_g2(bytes(g2_slice))
         if not is_inf(bls12_multiply(g2_point, curve_order)):
-            raise InvalidParameter("Sub-group check failed for G2 point.")
+            raise InvalidParameter("Subgroup check failed for G2 point.")
 
         result *= pairing(g2_point, g1_point)
 
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
index d2eeaf75df1..d8f6602e556 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the ECRECOVER precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `ECRECOVER` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
index a80e2b02354..7486203c3e6 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Mapping of precompiled contracts their implementations.
+Mapping of precompiled contracts to their implementations.
 """
 
 from typing import Callable, Dict
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
index 5e7e895b91a..bf828ee8f6e 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 
 def modexp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and.
+    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and
     `modulus`. The return value is the same length as the modulus.
     """
     data = evm.message.data
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py
index 6f6e7ff4e9d..106dd548a61 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py
@@ -5,9 +5,10 @@
     :backlinks: none
     :local:
 
-Introduction.
+Introduction
 ------------
-Implementation of the P256VERIFY precompiled contract.
+
+Implementation of the `P256VERIFY` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
index 760af477364..ce4eed71294 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the POINT EVALUATION precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `POINT EVALUATION` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.bytes import Bytes, Bytes32, Bytes48
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/runtime.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/runtime.py
index 505b3488de8..0aa5ddd5e20 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/runtime.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo3/vm/runtime.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 def get_valid_jump_destinations(code: Bytes) -> Set[Uint]:
     """
-    Analyze the evm code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
+    Analyze the EVM code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
 
     Valid jump destinations are defined as follows:
         * The jump destination is less than the length of the code.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/blocks.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/blocks.py
index e63e283b003..735bda3f392 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/blocks.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/blocks.py
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ class Header:
 
     number: Uint
     """
-    Block number, (height) in the chain.
+    Block number (height) in the chain.
     """
 
     gas_limit: Uint
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ class Block:
     header: Header
     """
     The block header containing metadata and cryptographic commitments. Refer
-    [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
+    to [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
 
     [headers]: ref:ethereum.forks.bpo4.blocks.Header
     """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/bloom.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/bloom.py
index 8a12ec081dd..0e079df6b39 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/bloom.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/bloom.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-This modules defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
+This module defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
 general theory of bloom filters see e.g. `Wikipedia
 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_filter>`_. Bloom filters are used to allow
 for efficient searching of logs by address and/or topic, by rapidly
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/requests.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/requests.py
index 929e973e587..542c9264d37 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/requests.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/requests.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 """
-Requests were introduced in EIP-7685 as a a general purpose framework for
+Requests were introduced in EIP-7685 as a general purpose framework for
 storing contract-triggered requests. It extends the execution header and
 body with a single field each to store the request information.
 This inherently exposes the requests to the consensus layer, which can
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/state.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/state.py
index e997411f6da..6571aa05c61 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/state.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/state.py
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ def account_exists(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
 
 def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     """
-    Checks if an account has non zero nonce or non empty code.
+    Checks if an account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     Returns
     -------
     has_code_or_nonce : `bool`
-        True if the account has non zero nonce or non empty code,
+        True if the account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code,
         False otherwise.
 
     """
@@ -517,7 +517,7 @@ def set_account_balance(state: State, address: Address, amount: U256) -> None:
         Address of the account whose nonce needs to be incremented.
 
     amount:
-        The amount that needs to set in balance.
+        The amount that needs to be set in the balance.
 
     """
 
@@ -557,7 +557,7 @@ def set_code(state: State, address: Address, code: Bytes) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        Address of the account whose code needs to be update.
+        Address of the account whose code needs to be updated.
 
     code:
         The bytecode that needs to be set.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/trie.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/trie.py
index 59fc45a739b..e25acebe5c5 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/trie.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/trie.py
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ class BranchNode:
 def encode_internal_node(node: Optional[InternalNode]) -> Extended:
     """
     Encodes a Merkle Trie node into its RLP form. The RLP will then be
-    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less that 32 bytes
+    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less than 32 bytes
     when serialized.
 
     This function also accepts `None`, representing the absence of a node,
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/__init__.py
index b2a8c5e2b9f..641695ea0e7 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/__init__.py
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class BlockOutput:
     receipts_trie : `ethereum.fork_types.Root`
         Trie root of all the receipts in the block.
     receipt_keys :
-        Key of all the receipts in the block.
+        Keys of all the receipts in the block.
     block_logs : `Bloom`
         Logs bloom of all the logs included in all the transactions of the
         block.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/eoa_delegation.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/eoa_delegation.py
index 29909b5fa56..bc96f4c3275 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/eoa_delegation.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/eoa_delegation.py
@@ -157,8 +157,6 @@ def set_delegation(message: Message) -> U256:
     ----------
     message :
         Transaction specific items.
-    env :
-        External items required for EVM execution.
 
     Returns
     -------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/gas.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/gas.py
index 360a4430e33..aa07e7cae70 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/gas.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/gas.py
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ def calculate_message_call_gas(
         account inside a message call.
     call_stipend :
         The amount of stipend provided to a message call to execute code while
-        transferring value(ETH).
+        transferring value (ETH).
 
     Returns
     -------
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ def init_code_cost(init_code_length: Uint) -> Uint:
 
 def calculate_excess_blob_gas(parent_header: Header) -> U64:
     """
-    Calculated the excess blob gas for the current block based
+    Calculates the excess blob gas for the current block based
     on the gas used in the parent block.
 
     Parameters
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
index de5d6ab43d5..b7b1a370ad4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def sub(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mul(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Multiply the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
+    Multiplies the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
     on the stack.
 
     Parameters
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ def signextend(evm: Evm) -> None:
         # Can't extend any further
         result = value
     else:
-        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead b'\x00'.
+        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead of b'\x00'.
         value_bytes = Bytes(value.to_be_bytes32())
         # Now among the obtained value bytes, consider only
         # N `least significant bytes`, where N is `byte_num + 1`.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/instructions/block.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/instructions/block.py
index 221082f23e0..52145aa9f82 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/instructions/block.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/instructions/block.py
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ def coinbase(evm: Evm) -> None:
 def timestamp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Push the current block's timestamp onto the stack. Here the timestamp
-    being referred is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
+    being referred to is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
 
     Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
     executing transaction/call resides.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/instructions/environment.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/instructions/environment.py
index 83690434658..28c595ee514 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/instructions/environment.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/instructions/environment.py
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ def returndatasize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def returndatacopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copies data from the return data buffer code to memory.
+    Copies data from the return data buffer to memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/instructions/memory.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/instructions/memory.py
index 631d33a7fd6..6e111051ee3 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/instructions/memory.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/instructions/memory.py
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ def mstore8(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Load word from memory.
+    Loads a word from memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Push the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
+    Pushes the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mcopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copy the bytes in memory from one location to another.
+    Copies the bytes in memory from one location to another.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/instructions/stack.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/instructions/stack.py
index e381b52c370..0007a28acd4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/instructions/stack.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/instructions/stack.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Remove item from stack.
+    Removes an item from the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
     """
-    Pushes a N-byte immediate onto the stack. Push zero if num_bytes is zero.
+    Pushes an N-byte immediate onto the stack. Push zero if num_bytes is zero.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
 
 def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Duplicate the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
+    Duplicates the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
 
 def swap_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Swap the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
+    Swaps the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
     the top of the stack is position zero.
 
     If `item_number` is zero, this function does nothing (which should not be
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/instructions/system.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/instructions/system.py
index fea7a0c1b9d..44c36ae000f 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/instructions/system.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/instructions/system.py
@@ -193,8 +193,8 @@ def create2(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Creates a new account with associated code.
 
-    It's similar to CREATE opcode except that the address of new account
-    depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
+    It's similar to the CREATE opcode except that the address of the new
+    account depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py
index 6cb29a32fd9..c7a62cb49c0 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ def bls12_pairing(evm: Evm) -> None:
     Raises
     ------
     InvalidParameter
-        If the input length is invalid or if sub-group check fails.
+        If the input length is invalid or if the subgroup check fails.
 
     """
     data = evm.message.data
@@ -54,12 +54,12 @@ def bls12_pairing(evm: Evm) -> None:
         g1_slice = data[g1_start : g1_start + Uint(128)]
         g1_point = bytes_to_g1(bytes(g1_slice))
         if not is_inf(bls12_multiply(g1_point, curve_order)):
-            raise InvalidParameter("Sub-group check failed for G1 point.")
+            raise InvalidParameter("Subgroup check failed for G1 point.")
 
         g2_slice = data[g2_start : g2_start + Uint(256)]
         g2_point = bytes_to_g2(bytes(g2_slice))
         if not is_inf(bls12_multiply(g2_point, curve_order)):
-            raise InvalidParameter("Sub-group check failed for G2 point.")
+            raise InvalidParameter("Subgroup check failed for G2 point.")
 
         result *= pairing(g2_point, g1_point)
 
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
index d2eeaf75df1..d8f6602e556 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the ECRECOVER precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `ECRECOVER` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
index a80e2b02354..7486203c3e6 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Mapping of precompiled contracts their implementations.
+Mapping of precompiled contracts to their implementations.
 """
 
 from typing import Callable, Dict
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
index 5e7e895b91a..bf828ee8f6e 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 
 def modexp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and.
+    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and
     `modulus`. The return value is the same length as the modulus.
     """
     data = evm.message.data
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py
index 6f6e7ff4e9d..106dd548a61 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py
@@ -5,9 +5,10 @@
     :backlinks: none
     :local:
 
-Introduction.
+Introduction
 ------------
-Implementation of the P256VERIFY precompiled contract.
+
+Implementation of the `P256VERIFY` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
index 760af477364..ce4eed71294 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the POINT EVALUATION precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `POINT EVALUATION` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.bytes import Bytes, Bytes32, Bytes48
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/runtime.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/runtime.py
index 505b3488de8..0aa5ddd5e20 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/runtime.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo4/vm/runtime.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 def get_valid_jump_destinations(code: Bytes) -> Set[Uint]:
     """
-    Analyze the evm code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
+    Analyze the EVM code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
 
     Valid jump destinations are defined as follows:
         * The jump destination is less than the length of the code.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/__init__.py
index 19bb26e43ce..1ef794837da 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/__init__.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 """
-The fifth blob parameter only (BPO) fork, BPO3, includes only changes to the
+The fifth blob parameter only (BPO) fork, BPO5, includes only changes to the
 blob fee schedule.
 
 ### Changes
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/blocks.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/blocks.py
index 68c71355194..3bd791f1b88 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/blocks.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/blocks.py
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ class Header:
 
     number: Uint
     """
-    Block number, (height) in the chain.
+    Block number (height) in the chain.
     """
 
     gas_limit: Uint
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ class Block:
     header: Header
     """
     The block header containing metadata and cryptographic commitments. Refer
-    [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
+    to [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
 
     [headers]: ref:ethereum.forks.bpo5.blocks.Header
     """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/bloom.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/bloom.py
index 8a12ec081dd..0e079df6b39 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/bloom.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/bloom.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-This modules defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
+This module defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
 general theory of bloom filters see e.g. `Wikipedia
 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_filter>`_. Bloom filters are used to allow
 for efficient searching of logs by address and/or topic, by rapidly
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/requests.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/requests.py
index 929e973e587..542c9264d37 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/requests.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/requests.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 """
-Requests were introduced in EIP-7685 as a a general purpose framework for
+Requests were introduced in EIP-7685 as a general purpose framework for
 storing contract-triggered requests. It extends the execution header and
 body with a single field each to store the request information.
 This inherently exposes the requests to the consensus layer, which can
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/state.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/state.py
index e997411f6da..6571aa05c61 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/state.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/state.py
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ def account_exists(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
 
 def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     """
-    Checks if an account has non zero nonce or non empty code.
+    Checks if an account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     Returns
     -------
     has_code_or_nonce : `bool`
-        True if the account has non zero nonce or non empty code,
+        True if the account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code,
         False otherwise.
 
     """
@@ -517,7 +517,7 @@ def set_account_balance(state: State, address: Address, amount: U256) -> None:
         Address of the account whose nonce needs to be incremented.
 
     amount:
-        The amount that needs to set in balance.
+        The amount that needs to be set in the balance.
 
     """
 
@@ -557,7 +557,7 @@ def set_code(state: State, address: Address, code: Bytes) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        Address of the account whose code needs to be update.
+        Address of the account whose code needs to be updated.
 
     code:
         The bytecode that needs to be set.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/trie.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/trie.py
index 1f32f8db3ee..a024b3433b9 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/trie.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/trie.py
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ class BranchNode:
 def encode_internal_node(node: Optional[InternalNode]) -> Extended:
     """
     Encodes a Merkle Trie node into its RLP form. The RLP will then be
-    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less that 32 bytes
+    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less than 32 bytes
     when serialized.
 
     This function also accepts `None`, representing the absence of a node,
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/__init__.py
index b2a8c5e2b9f..641695ea0e7 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/__init__.py
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class BlockOutput:
     receipts_trie : `ethereum.fork_types.Root`
         Trie root of all the receipts in the block.
     receipt_keys :
-        Key of all the receipts in the block.
+        Keys of all the receipts in the block.
     block_logs : `Bloom`
         Logs bloom of all the logs included in all the transactions of the
         block.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/eoa_delegation.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/eoa_delegation.py
index 29909b5fa56..bc96f4c3275 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/eoa_delegation.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/eoa_delegation.py
@@ -157,8 +157,6 @@ def set_delegation(message: Message) -> U256:
     ----------
     message :
         Transaction specific items.
-    env :
-        External items required for EVM execution.
 
     Returns
     -------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/gas.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/gas.py
index 360a4430e33..aa07e7cae70 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/gas.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/gas.py
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ def calculate_message_call_gas(
         account inside a message call.
     call_stipend :
         The amount of stipend provided to a message call to execute code while
-        transferring value(ETH).
+        transferring value (ETH).
 
     Returns
     -------
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ def init_code_cost(init_code_length: Uint) -> Uint:
 
 def calculate_excess_blob_gas(parent_header: Header) -> U64:
     """
-    Calculated the excess blob gas for the current block based
+    Calculates the excess blob gas for the current block based
     on the gas used in the parent block.
 
     Parameters
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
index de5d6ab43d5..b7b1a370ad4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def sub(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mul(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Multiply the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
+    Multiplies the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
     on the stack.
 
     Parameters
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ def signextend(evm: Evm) -> None:
         # Can't extend any further
         result = value
     else:
-        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead b'\x00'.
+        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead of b'\x00'.
         value_bytes = Bytes(value.to_be_bytes32())
         # Now among the obtained value bytes, consider only
         # N `least significant bytes`, where N is `byte_num + 1`.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/instructions/block.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/instructions/block.py
index 2712e06ea33..84930244d4c 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/instructions/block.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/instructions/block.py
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ def coinbase(evm: Evm) -> None:
 def timestamp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Push the current block's timestamp onto the stack. Here the timestamp
-    being referred is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
+    being referred to is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
 
     Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
     executing transaction/call resides.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/instructions/environment.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/instructions/environment.py
index 83690434658..28c595ee514 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/instructions/environment.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/instructions/environment.py
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ def returndatasize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def returndatacopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copies data from the return data buffer code to memory.
+    Copies data from the return data buffer to memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/instructions/memory.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/instructions/memory.py
index 631d33a7fd6..6e111051ee3 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/instructions/memory.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/instructions/memory.py
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ def mstore8(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Load word from memory.
+    Loads a word from memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Push the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
+    Pushes the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mcopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copy the bytes in memory from one location to another.
+    Copies the bytes in memory from one location to another.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/instructions/stack.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/instructions/stack.py
index e381b52c370..0007a28acd4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/instructions/stack.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/instructions/stack.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Remove item from stack.
+    Removes an item from the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
     """
-    Pushes a N-byte immediate onto the stack. Push zero if num_bytes is zero.
+    Pushes an N-byte immediate onto the stack. Push zero if num_bytes is zero.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
 
 def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Duplicate the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
+    Duplicates the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
 
 def swap_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Swap the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
+    Swaps the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
     the top of the stack is position zero.
 
     If `item_number` is zero, this function does nothing (which should not be
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/instructions/system.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/instructions/system.py
index fea7a0c1b9d..44c36ae000f 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/instructions/system.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/instructions/system.py
@@ -193,8 +193,8 @@ def create2(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Creates a new account with associated code.
 
-    It's similar to CREATE opcode except that the address of new account
-    depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
+    It's similar to the CREATE opcode except that the address of the new
+    account depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py
index 6cb29a32fd9..c7a62cb49c0 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ def bls12_pairing(evm: Evm) -> None:
     Raises
     ------
     InvalidParameter
-        If the input length is invalid or if sub-group check fails.
+        If the input length is invalid or if the subgroup check fails.
 
     """
     data = evm.message.data
@@ -54,12 +54,12 @@ def bls12_pairing(evm: Evm) -> None:
         g1_slice = data[g1_start : g1_start + Uint(128)]
         g1_point = bytes_to_g1(bytes(g1_slice))
         if not is_inf(bls12_multiply(g1_point, curve_order)):
-            raise InvalidParameter("Sub-group check failed for G1 point.")
+            raise InvalidParameter("Subgroup check failed for G1 point.")
 
         g2_slice = data[g2_start : g2_start + Uint(256)]
         g2_point = bytes_to_g2(bytes(g2_slice))
         if not is_inf(bls12_multiply(g2_point, curve_order)):
-            raise InvalidParameter("Sub-group check failed for G2 point.")
+            raise InvalidParameter("Subgroup check failed for G2 point.")
 
         result *= pairing(g2_point, g1_point)
 
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
index d2eeaf75df1..d8f6602e556 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the ECRECOVER precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `ECRECOVER` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
index a80e2b02354..7486203c3e6 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Mapping of precompiled contracts their implementations.
+Mapping of precompiled contracts to their implementations.
 """
 
 from typing import Callable, Dict
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
index 5e7e895b91a..bf828ee8f6e 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 
 def modexp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and.
+    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and
     `modulus`. The return value is the same length as the modulus.
     """
     data = evm.message.data
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py
index 6f6e7ff4e9d..106dd548a61 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py
@@ -5,9 +5,10 @@
     :backlinks: none
     :local:
 
-Introduction.
+Introduction
 ------------
-Implementation of the P256VERIFY precompiled contract.
+
+Implementation of the `P256VERIFY` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
index 760af477364..ce4eed71294 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the POINT EVALUATION precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `POINT EVALUATION` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.bytes import Bytes, Bytes32, Bytes48
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/runtime.py b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/runtime.py
index 505b3488de8..0aa5ddd5e20 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/runtime.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/bpo5/vm/runtime.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 def get_valid_jump_destinations(code: Bytes) -> Set[Uint]:
     """
-    Analyze the evm code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
+    Analyze the EVM code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
 
     Valid jump destinations are defined as follows:
         * The jump destination is less than the length of the code.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/blocks.py b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/blocks.py
index a70fe41923a..2f027b04dc7 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/blocks.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/blocks.py
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ class Header:
 
     number: Uint
     """
-    Block number, (height) in the chain.
+    Block number (height) in the chain.
     """
 
     gas_limit: Uint
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ class Block:
     header: Header
     """
     The block header containing metadata and cryptographic commitments. Refer
-    [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
+    to [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
 
     [headers]: ref:ethereum.forks.byzantium.blocks.Header
     """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/bloom.py b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/bloom.py
index 8a12ec081dd..0e079df6b39 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/bloom.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/bloom.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-This modules defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
+This module defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
 general theory of bloom filters see e.g. `Wikipedia
 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_filter>`_. Bloom filters are used to allow
 for efficient searching of logs by address and/or topic, by rapidly
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/state.py b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/state.py
index 2e21b4f8140..a0dd7d77ab8 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/state.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/state.py
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ def account_exists(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
 
 def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     """
-    Checks if an account has non zero nonce or non empty code.
+    Checks if an account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     Returns
     -------
     has_code_or_nonce : `bool`
-        True if the account has non zero nonce or non empty code,
+        True if the account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code,
         False otherwise.
 
     """
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ def set_account_balance(state: State, address: Address, amount: U256) -> None:
         Address of the account whose nonce needs to be incremented.
 
     amount:
-        The amount that needs to set in balance.
+        The amount that needs to be set in the balance.
 
     """
 
@@ -493,7 +493,7 @@ def touch_account(state: State, address: Address) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        The address of the account that need to initialised.
+        The address of the account that needs to be initialized.
 
     """
     if not account_exists(state, address):
@@ -530,7 +530,7 @@ def set_code(state: State, address: Address, code: Bytes) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        Address of the account whose code needs to be update.
+        Address of the account whose code needs to be updated.
 
     code:
         The bytecode that needs to be set.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/trie.py b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/trie.py
index 555ec32d3cd..2858183a400 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/trie.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/trie.py
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ class BranchNode:
 def encode_internal_node(node: Optional[InternalNode]) -> Extended:
     """
     Encodes a Merkle Trie node into its RLP form. The RLP will then be
-    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less that 32 bytes
+    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less than 32 bytes
     when serialized.
 
     This function also accepts `None`, representing the absence of a node,
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/__init__.py
index 6cdd9c9bc74..068648ac368 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/__init__.py
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ class BlockOutput:
     receipts_trie : `ethereum.fork_types.Root`
         Trie root of all the receipts in the block.
     receipt_keys :
-        Key of all the receipts in the block.
+        Keys of all the receipts in the block.
     block_logs : `Bloom`
         Logs bloom of all the logs included in all the transactions of the
         block.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/gas.py b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/gas.py
index 69441283693..80d9b2cd767 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/gas.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/gas.py
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ def calculate_message_call_gas(
         account inside a message call.
     call_stipend :
         The amount of stipend provided to a message call to execute code while
-        transferring value(ETH).
+        transferring value (ETH).
 
     Returns
     -------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
index de5d6ab43d5..b7b1a370ad4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def sub(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mul(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Multiply the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
+    Multiplies the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
     on the stack.
 
     Parameters
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ def signextend(evm: Evm) -> None:
         # Can't extend any further
         result = value
     else:
-        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead b'\x00'.
+        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead of b'\x00'.
         value_bytes = Bytes(value.to_be_bytes32())
         # Now among the obtained value bytes, consider only
         # N `least significant bytes`, where N is `byte_num + 1`.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/instructions/block.py b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/instructions/block.py
index 8b50f1bc07f..0edcbf000d1 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/instructions/block.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/instructions/block.py
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ def coinbase(evm: Evm) -> None:
 def timestamp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Push the current block's timestamp onto the stack. Here the timestamp
-    being referred is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
+    being referred to is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
 
     Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
     executing transaction/call resides.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/instructions/environment.py b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/instructions/environment.py
index d98f13b0d84..f657e252991 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/instructions/environment.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/instructions/environment.py
@@ -403,7 +403,7 @@ def returndatasize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def returndatacopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copies data from the return data buffer code to memory.
+    Copies data from the return data buffer to memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/instructions/memory.py b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/instructions/memory.py
index fdd95188438..3a242ba2f7a 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/instructions/memory.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/instructions/memory.py
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def mstore8(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Load word from memory.
+    Loads a word from memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Push the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
+    Pushes the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/instructions/stack.py b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/instructions/stack.py
index bdf232db6a8..0fc0d3fe4b5 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/instructions/stack.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/instructions/stack.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Remove item from stack.
+    Removes an item from the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
     """
-    Pushes a N-byte immediate onto the stack.
+    Pushes an N-byte immediate onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
 
 def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Duplicate the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
+    Duplicates the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
 
 def swap_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Swap the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
+    Swaps the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
     the top of the stack is position zero.
 
     If `item_number` is zero, this function does nothing (which should not be
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
index d2eeaf75df1..d8f6602e556 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the ECRECOVER precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `ECRECOVER` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
index 13746350b51..d866782adc3 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Mapping of precompiled contracts their implementations.
+Mapping of precompiled contracts to their implementations.
 """
 
 from typing import Callable, Dict
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
index fd0501616c1..8ed5c851a72 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def modexp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and.
+    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and
     `modulus`. The return value is the same length as the modulus.
     """
     data = evm.message.data
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/runtime.py b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/runtime.py
index 505b3488de8..0aa5ddd5e20 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/runtime.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/byzantium/vm/runtime.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 def get_valid_jump_destinations(code: Bytes) -> Set[Uint]:
     """
-    Analyze the evm code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
+    Analyze the EVM code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
 
     Valid jump destinations are defined as follows:
         * The jump destination is less than the length of the code.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/blocks.py b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/blocks.py
index e2668062f63..eb413f52008 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/blocks.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/blocks.py
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ class Header:
 
     number: Uint
     """
-    Block number, (height) in the chain.
+    Block number (height) in the chain.
     """
 
     gas_limit: Uint
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ class Block:
     header: Header
     """
     The block header containing metadata and cryptographic commitments. Refer
-    [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
+    to [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
 
     [headers]: ref:ethereum.forks.cancun.blocks.Header
     """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/bloom.py b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/bloom.py
index 8a12ec081dd..0e079df6b39 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/bloom.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/bloom.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-This modules defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
+This module defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
 general theory of bloom filters see e.g. `Wikipedia
 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_filter>`_. Bloom filters are used to allow
 for efficient searching of logs by address and/or topic, by rapidly
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/state.py b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/state.py
index e997411f6da..6571aa05c61 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/state.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/state.py
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ def account_exists(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
 
 def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     """
-    Checks if an account has non zero nonce or non empty code.
+    Checks if an account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     Returns
     -------
     has_code_or_nonce : `bool`
-        True if the account has non zero nonce or non empty code,
+        True if the account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code,
         False otherwise.
 
     """
@@ -517,7 +517,7 @@ def set_account_balance(state: State, address: Address, amount: U256) -> None:
         Address of the account whose nonce needs to be incremented.
 
     amount:
-        The amount that needs to set in balance.
+        The amount that needs to be set in the balance.
 
     """
 
@@ -557,7 +557,7 @@ def set_code(state: State, address: Address, code: Bytes) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        Address of the account whose code needs to be update.
+        Address of the account whose code needs to be updated.
 
     code:
         The bytecode that needs to be set.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/trie.py b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/trie.py
index 2efc9c07cd3..c6bb4fe928e 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/trie.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/trie.py
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ class BranchNode:
 def encode_internal_node(node: Optional[InternalNode]) -> Extended:
     """
     Encodes a Merkle Trie node into its RLP form. The RLP will then be
-    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less that 32 bytes
+    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less than 32 bytes
     when serialized.
 
     This function also accepts `None`, representing the absence of a node,
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/__init__.py
index 0f03a02cb70..96803699ead 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/__init__.py
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class BlockOutput:
     receipts_trie : `ethereum.fork_types.Root`
         Trie root of all the receipts in the block.
     receipt_keys :
-        Key of all the receipts in the block.
+        Keys of all the receipts in the block.
     block_logs : `Bloom`
         Logs bloom of all the logs included in all the transactions of the
         block.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/gas.py b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/gas.py
index 241315a9945..e1ab03155e7 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/gas.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/gas.py
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ def calculate_message_call_gas(
         account inside a message call.
     call_stipend :
         The amount of stipend provided to a message call to execute code while
-        transferring value(ETH).
+        transferring value (ETH).
 
     Returns
     -------
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ def init_code_cost(init_code_length: Uint) -> Uint:
 
 def calculate_excess_blob_gas(parent_header: Header) -> U64:
     """
-    Calculated the excess blob gas for the current block based
+    Calculates the excess blob gas for the current block based
     on the gas used in the parent block.
 
     Parameters
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
index de5d6ab43d5..b7b1a370ad4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def sub(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mul(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Multiply the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
+    Multiplies the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
     on the stack.
 
     Parameters
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ def signextend(evm: Evm) -> None:
         # Can't extend any further
         result = value
     else:
-        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead b'\x00'.
+        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead of b'\x00'.
         value_bytes = Bytes(value.to_be_bytes32())
         # Now among the obtained value bytes, consider only
         # N `least significant bytes`, where N is `byte_num + 1`.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/instructions/block.py b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/instructions/block.py
index fac1e1c95f5..4f971a9dbf4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/instructions/block.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/instructions/block.py
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ def coinbase(evm: Evm) -> None:
 def timestamp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Push the current block's timestamp onto the stack. Here the timestamp
-    being referred is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
+    being referred to is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
 
     Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
     executing transaction/call resides.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/instructions/environment.py b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/instructions/environment.py
index 83690434658..28c595ee514 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/instructions/environment.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/instructions/environment.py
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ def returndatasize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def returndatacopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copies data from the return data buffer code to memory.
+    Copies data from the return data buffer to memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/instructions/memory.py b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/instructions/memory.py
index 631d33a7fd6..6e111051ee3 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/instructions/memory.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/instructions/memory.py
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ def mstore8(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Load word from memory.
+    Loads a word from memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Push the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
+    Pushes the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mcopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copy the bytes in memory from one location to another.
+    Copies the bytes in memory from one location to another.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/instructions/stack.py b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/instructions/stack.py
index e381b52c370..0007a28acd4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/instructions/stack.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/instructions/stack.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Remove item from stack.
+    Removes an item from the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
     """
-    Pushes a N-byte immediate onto the stack. Push zero if num_bytes is zero.
+    Pushes an N-byte immediate onto the stack. Push zero if num_bytes is zero.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
 
 def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Duplicate the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
+    Duplicates the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
 
 def swap_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Swap the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
+    Swaps the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
     the top of the stack is position zero.
 
     If `item_number` is zero, this function does nothing (which should not be
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/instructions/system.py b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/instructions/system.py
index 89b3b6cfdac..ca462164d29 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/instructions/system.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/instructions/system.py
@@ -191,8 +191,8 @@ def create2(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Creates a new account with associated code.
 
-    It's similar to CREATE opcode except that the address of new account
-    depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
+    It's similar to the CREATE opcode except that the address of the new
+    account depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
index d2eeaf75df1..d8f6602e556 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the ECRECOVER precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `ECRECOVER` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
index dc24767ab62..4acff465fb8 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Mapping of precompiled contracts their implementations.
+Mapping of precompiled contracts to their implementations.
 """
 
 from typing import Callable, Dict
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
index 462341f69fd..755a396ddac 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def modexp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and.
+    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and
     `modulus`. The return value is the same length as the modulus.
     """
     data = evm.message.data
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
index 760af477364..ce4eed71294 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the POINT EVALUATION precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `POINT EVALUATION` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.bytes import Bytes, Bytes32, Bytes48
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/runtime.py b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/runtime.py
index 505b3488de8..0aa5ddd5e20 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/runtime.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/cancun/vm/runtime.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 def get_valid_jump_destinations(code: Bytes) -> Set[Uint]:
     """
-    Analyze the evm code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
+    Analyze the EVM code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
 
     Valid jump destinations are defined as follows:
         * The jump destination is less than the length of the code.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/blocks.py b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/blocks.py
index 8d476d8451d..e53cf2c1c65 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/blocks.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/blocks.py
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ class Header:
 
     number: Uint
     """
-    Block number, (height) in the chain.
+    Block number (height) in the chain.
     """
 
     gas_limit: Uint
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ class Block:
     header: Header
     """
     The block header containing metadata and cryptographic commitments. Refer
-    [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
+    to [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
 
     [headers]: ref:ethereum.forks.constantinople.blocks.Header
     """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/bloom.py b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/bloom.py
index 8a12ec081dd..0e079df6b39 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/bloom.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/bloom.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-This modules defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
+This module defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
 general theory of bloom filters see e.g. `Wikipedia
 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_filter>`_. Bloom filters are used to allow
 for efficient searching of logs by address and/or topic, by rapidly
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/state.py b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/state.py
index 2e21b4f8140..a0dd7d77ab8 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/state.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/state.py
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ def account_exists(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
 
 def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     """
-    Checks if an account has non zero nonce or non empty code.
+    Checks if an account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     Returns
     -------
     has_code_or_nonce : `bool`
-        True if the account has non zero nonce or non empty code,
+        True if the account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code,
         False otherwise.
 
     """
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ def set_account_balance(state: State, address: Address, amount: U256) -> None:
         Address of the account whose nonce needs to be incremented.
 
     amount:
-        The amount that needs to set in balance.
+        The amount that needs to be set in the balance.
 
     """
 
@@ -493,7 +493,7 @@ def touch_account(state: State, address: Address) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        The address of the account that need to initialised.
+        The address of the account that needs to be initialized.
 
     """
     if not account_exists(state, address):
@@ -530,7 +530,7 @@ def set_code(state: State, address: Address, code: Bytes) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        Address of the account whose code needs to be update.
+        Address of the account whose code needs to be updated.
 
     code:
         The bytecode that needs to be set.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/trie.py b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/trie.py
index c730e055159..0ff06ea4ec7 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/trie.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/trie.py
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ class BranchNode:
 def encode_internal_node(node: Optional[InternalNode]) -> Extended:
     """
     Encodes a Merkle Trie node into its RLP form. The RLP will then be
-    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less that 32 bytes
+    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less than 32 bytes
     when serialized.
 
     This function also accepts `None`, representing the absence of a node,
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/__init__.py
index 6cdd9c9bc74..068648ac368 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/__init__.py
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ class BlockOutput:
     receipts_trie : `ethereum.fork_types.Root`
         Trie root of all the receipts in the block.
     receipt_keys :
-        Key of all the receipts in the block.
+        Keys of all the receipts in the block.
     block_logs : `Bloom`
         Logs bloom of all the logs included in all the transactions of the
         block.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/gas.py b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/gas.py
index 7ec51fd8b58..940e266b51b 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/gas.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/gas.py
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ def calculate_message_call_gas(
         account inside a message call.
     call_stipend :
         The amount of stipend provided to a message call to execute code while
-        transferring value(ETH).
+        transferring value (ETH).
 
     Returns
     -------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
index de5d6ab43d5..b7b1a370ad4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def sub(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mul(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Multiply the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
+    Multiplies the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
     on the stack.
 
     Parameters
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ def signextend(evm: Evm) -> None:
         # Can't extend any further
         result = value
     else:
-        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead b'\x00'.
+        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead of b'\x00'.
         value_bytes = Bytes(value.to_be_bytes32())
         # Now among the obtained value bytes, consider only
         # N `least significant bytes`, where N is `byte_num + 1`.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/instructions/block.py b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/instructions/block.py
index 8b50f1bc07f..0edcbf000d1 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/instructions/block.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/instructions/block.py
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ def coinbase(evm: Evm) -> None:
 def timestamp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Push the current block's timestamp onto the stack. Here the timestamp
-    being referred is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
+    being referred to is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
 
     Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
     executing transaction/call resides.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/instructions/environment.py b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/instructions/environment.py
index f5a0be72f48..8db76a38cc8 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/instructions/environment.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/instructions/environment.py
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ def returndatasize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def returndatacopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copies data from the return data buffer code to memory.
+    Copies data from the return data buffer to memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/instructions/memory.py b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/instructions/memory.py
index fdd95188438..3a242ba2f7a 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/instructions/memory.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/instructions/memory.py
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def mstore8(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Load word from memory.
+    Loads a word from memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Push the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
+    Pushes the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/instructions/stack.py b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/instructions/stack.py
index bdf232db6a8..0fc0d3fe4b5 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/instructions/stack.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/instructions/stack.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Remove item from stack.
+    Removes an item from the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
     """
-    Pushes a N-byte immediate onto the stack.
+    Pushes an N-byte immediate onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
 
 def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Duplicate the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
+    Duplicates the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
 
 def swap_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Swap the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
+    Swaps the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
     the top of the stack is position zero.
 
     If `item_number` is zero, this function does nothing (which should not be
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/instructions/system.py b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/instructions/system.py
index fadd9634172..af2527d31cc 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/instructions/system.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/instructions/system.py
@@ -179,8 +179,8 @@ def create2(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Creates a new account with associated code.
 
-    It's similar to CREATE opcode except that the address of new account
-    depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
+    It's similar to the CREATE opcode except that the address of the new
+    account depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
index d2eeaf75df1..d8f6602e556 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the ECRECOVER precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `ECRECOVER` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
index 13746350b51..d866782adc3 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Mapping of precompiled contracts their implementations.
+Mapping of precompiled contracts to their implementations.
 """
 
 from typing import Callable, Dict
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
index fd0501616c1..8ed5c851a72 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def modexp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and.
+    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and
     `modulus`. The return value is the same length as the modulus.
     """
     data = evm.message.data
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/runtime.py b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/runtime.py
index 505b3488de8..0aa5ddd5e20 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/runtime.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/constantinople/vm/runtime.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 def get_valid_jump_destinations(code: Bytes) -> Set[Uint]:
     """
-    Analyze the evm code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
+    Analyze the EVM code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
 
     Valid jump destinations are defined as follows:
         * The jump destination is less than the length of the code.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/__init__.py
index 7516eb2de4c..a194cdf3e67 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/__init__.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 
 | Network | Block       | Expected Date | Fork Hash    |
 | ------- | ----------- | ------------- | ------------ |
-| Mainnet | 1,920,000   | July 20, 1026 | `0x91d1f948` |
+| Mainnet | 1,920,000   | July 20, 2016 | `0x91d1f948` |
 
 ### Releases
 
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/blocks.py b/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/blocks.py
index 8a6db3ea076..f0de09559a1 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/blocks.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/blocks.py
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ class Header:
 
     number: Uint
     """
-    Block number, (height) in the chain.
+    Block number (height) in the chain.
     """
 
     gas_limit: Uint
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ class Block:
     header: Header
     """
     The block header containing metadata and cryptographic commitments. Refer
-    [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
+    to [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
 
     [headers]: ref:ethereum.forks.dao_fork.blocks.Header
     """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/bloom.py b/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/bloom.py
index 8a12ec081dd..0e079df6b39 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/bloom.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/bloom.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-This modules defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
+This module defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
 general theory of bloom filters see e.g. `Wikipedia
 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_filter>`_. Bloom filters are used to allow
 for efficient searching of logs by address and/or topic, by rapidly
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/state.py b/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/state.py
index 8fb03a07fe9..3b6255055d7 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/state.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/state.py
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ def account_exists(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
 
 def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     """
-    Checks if an account has non zero nonce or non empty code.
+    Checks if an account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     Returns
     -------
     has_code_or_nonce : `bool`
-        True if the account has non zero nonce or non empty code,
+        True if the account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code,
         False otherwise.
 
     """
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ def set_account_balance(state: State, address: Address, amount: U256) -> None:
         Address of the account whose nonce needs to be incremented.
 
     amount:
-        The amount that needs to set in balance.
+        The amount that needs to be set in the balance.
 
     """
 
@@ -444,7 +444,7 @@ def touch_account(state: State, address: Address) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        The address of the account that need to initialised.
+        The address of the account that needs to be initialized.
 
     """
     if not account_exists(state, address):
@@ -481,7 +481,7 @@ def set_code(state: State, address: Address, code: Bytes) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        Address of the account whose code needs to be update.
+        Address of the account whose code needs to be updated.
 
     code:
         The bytecode that needs to be set.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/trie.py b/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/trie.py
index 3ce23788534..679922ff44d 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/trie.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/trie.py
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ class BranchNode:
 def encode_internal_node(node: Optional[InternalNode]) -> Extended:
     """
     Encodes a Merkle Trie node into its RLP form. The RLP will then be
-    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less that 32 bytes
+    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less than 32 bytes
     when serialized.
 
     This function also accepts `None`, representing the absence of a node,
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/__init__.py
index 21585c758c5..e4739cebdef 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/__init__.py
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ class BlockOutput:
     receipts_trie : `ethereum.fork_types.Root`
         Trie root of all the receipts in the block.
     receipt_keys :
-        Key of all the receipts in the block.
+        Keys of all the receipts in the block.
     block_logs : `Bloom`
         Logs bloom of all the logs included in all the transactions of the
         block.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py b/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
index de5d6ab43d5..b7b1a370ad4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def sub(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mul(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Multiply the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
+    Multiplies the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
     on the stack.
 
     Parameters
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ def signextend(evm: Evm) -> None:
         # Can't extend any further
         result = value
     else:
-        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead b'\x00'.
+        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead of b'\x00'.
         value_bytes = Bytes(value.to_be_bytes32())
         # Now among the obtained value bytes, consider only
         # N `least significant bytes`, where N is `byte_num + 1`.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/instructions/block.py b/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/instructions/block.py
index 8b50f1bc07f..0edcbf000d1 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/instructions/block.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/instructions/block.py
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ def coinbase(evm: Evm) -> None:
 def timestamp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Push the current block's timestamp onto the stack. Here the timestamp
-    being referred is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
+    being referred to is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
 
     Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
     executing transaction/call resides.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/instructions/memory.py b/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/instructions/memory.py
index fdd95188438..3a242ba2f7a 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/instructions/memory.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/instructions/memory.py
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def mstore8(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Load word from memory.
+    Loads a word from memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Push the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
+    Pushes the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/instructions/stack.py b/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/instructions/stack.py
index bdf232db6a8..0fc0d3fe4b5 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/instructions/stack.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/instructions/stack.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Remove item from stack.
+    Removes an item from the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
     """
-    Pushes a N-byte immediate onto the stack.
+    Pushes an N-byte immediate onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
 
 def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Duplicate the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
+    Duplicates the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
 
 def swap_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Swap the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
+    Swaps the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
     the top of the stack is position zero.
 
     If `item_number` is zero, this function does nothing (which should not be
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py b/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
index d2eeaf75df1..d8f6602e556 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the ECRECOVER precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `ECRECOVER` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py b/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
index 33412f4c283..1d44a6f2e37 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Mapping of precompiled contracts their implementations.
+Mapping of precompiled contracts to their implementations.
 """
 
 from typing import Callable, Dict
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/runtime.py b/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/runtime.py
index 505b3488de8..0aa5ddd5e20 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/runtime.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/dao_fork/vm/runtime.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 def get_valid_jump_destinations(code: Bytes) -> Set[Uint]:
     """
-    Analyze the evm code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
+    Analyze the EVM code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
 
     Valid jump destinations are defined as follows:
         * The jump destination is less than the length of the code.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/blocks.py b/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/blocks.py
index 57adc6dae6e..b9fe4f377f5 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/blocks.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/blocks.py
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ class Header:
 
     number: Uint
     """
-    Block number, (height) in the chain.
+    Block number (height) in the chain.
     """
 
     gas_limit: Uint
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ class Block:
     header: Header
     """
     The block header containing metadata and cryptographic commitments. Refer
-    [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
+    to [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
 
     [headers]: ref:ethereum.forks.frontier.blocks.Header
     """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/bloom.py b/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/bloom.py
index 8a12ec081dd..0e079df6b39 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/bloom.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/bloom.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-This modules defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
+This module defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
 general theory of bloom filters see e.g. `Wikipedia
 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_filter>`_. Bloom filters are used to allow
 for efficient searching of logs by address and/or topic, by rapidly
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/state.py b/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/state.py
index 8fb03a07fe9..3b6255055d7 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/state.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/state.py
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ def account_exists(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
 
 def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     """
-    Checks if an account has non zero nonce or non empty code.
+    Checks if an account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     Returns
     -------
     has_code_or_nonce : `bool`
-        True if the account has non zero nonce or non empty code,
+        True if the account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code,
         False otherwise.
 
     """
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ def set_account_balance(state: State, address: Address, amount: U256) -> None:
         Address of the account whose nonce needs to be incremented.
 
     amount:
-        The amount that needs to set in balance.
+        The amount that needs to be set in the balance.
 
     """
 
@@ -444,7 +444,7 @@ def touch_account(state: State, address: Address) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        The address of the account that need to initialised.
+        The address of the account that needs to be initialized.
 
     """
     if not account_exists(state, address):
@@ -481,7 +481,7 @@ def set_code(state: State, address: Address, code: Bytes) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        Address of the account whose code needs to be update.
+        Address of the account whose code needs to be updated.
 
     code:
         The bytecode that needs to be set.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/trie.py b/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/trie.py
index b89039fa90e..55cb19a570d 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/trie.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/trie.py
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ class BranchNode:
 def encode_internal_node(node: Optional[InternalNode]) -> Extended:
     """
     Encodes a Merkle Trie node into its RLP form. The RLP will then be
-    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less that 32 bytes
+    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less than 32 bytes
     when serialized.
 
     This function also accepts `None`, representing the absence of a node,
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/__init__.py
index 69edaa837ec..f7db64a8260 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/__init__.py
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ class BlockOutput:
     receipts_trie : `ethereum.fork_types.Root`
         Trie root of all the receipts in the block.
     receipt_keys :
-        Key of all the receipts in the block.
+        Keys of all the receipts in the block.
     block_logs : `Bloom`
         Logs bloom of all the logs included in all the transactions of the
         block.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py b/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
index de5d6ab43d5..b7b1a370ad4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def sub(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mul(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Multiply the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
+    Multiplies the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
     on the stack.
 
     Parameters
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ def signextend(evm: Evm) -> None:
         # Can't extend any further
         result = value
     else:
-        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead b'\x00'.
+        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead of b'\x00'.
         value_bytes = Bytes(value.to_be_bytes32())
         # Now among the obtained value bytes, consider only
         # N `least significant bytes`, where N is `byte_num + 1`.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/instructions/block.py b/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/instructions/block.py
index 8b50f1bc07f..0edcbf000d1 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/instructions/block.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/instructions/block.py
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ def coinbase(evm: Evm) -> None:
 def timestamp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Push the current block's timestamp onto the stack. Here the timestamp
-    being referred is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
+    being referred to is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
 
     Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
     executing transaction/call resides.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/instructions/memory.py b/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/instructions/memory.py
index fdd95188438..3a242ba2f7a 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/instructions/memory.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/instructions/memory.py
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def mstore8(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Load word from memory.
+    Loads a word from memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Push the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
+    Pushes the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/instructions/stack.py b/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/instructions/stack.py
index bdf232db6a8..0fc0d3fe4b5 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/instructions/stack.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/instructions/stack.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Remove item from stack.
+    Removes an item from the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
     """
-    Pushes a N-byte immediate onto the stack.
+    Pushes an N-byte immediate onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
 
 def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Duplicate the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
+    Duplicates the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
 
 def swap_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Swap the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
+    Swaps the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
     the top of the stack is position zero.
 
     If `item_number` is zero, this function does nothing (which should not be
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py b/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
index d2eeaf75df1..d8f6602e556 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the ECRECOVER precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `ECRECOVER` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py b/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
index 33412f4c283..1d44a6f2e37 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Mapping of precompiled contracts their implementations.
+Mapping of precompiled contracts to their implementations.
 """
 
 from typing import Callable, Dict
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/runtime.py b/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/runtime.py
index 505b3488de8..0aa5ddd5e20 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/runtime.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/frontier/vm/runtime.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 def get_valid_jump_destinations(code: Bytes) -> Set[Uint]:
     """
-    Analyze the evm code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
+    Analyze the EVM code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
 
     Valid jump destinations are defined as follows:
         * The jump destination is less than the length of the code.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/blocks.py b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/blocks.py
index 2c00953f9f1..82303c764c5 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/blocks.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/blocks.py
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ class Header:
 
     number: Uint
     """
-    Block number, (height) in the chain.
+    Block number (height) in the chain.
     """
 
     gas_limit: Uint
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ class Block:
     header: Header
     """
     The block header containing metadata and cryptographic commitments. Refer
-    [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
+    to [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
 
     [headers]: ref:ethereum.forks.gray_glacier.blocks.Header
     """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/bloom.py b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/bloom.py
index 8a12ec081dd..0e079df6b39 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/bloom.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/bloom.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-This modules defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
+This module defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
 general theory of bloom filters see e.g. `Wikipedia
 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_filter>`_. Bloom filters are used to allow
 for efficient searching of logs by address and/or topic, by rapidly
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/state.py b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/state.py
index 5fbcf920cd2..91a0b28a1eb 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/state.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/state.py
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ def account_exists(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
 
 def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     """
-    Checks if an account has non zero nonce or non empty code.
+    Checks if an account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     Returns
     -------
     has_code_or_nonce : `bool`
-        True if the account has non zero nonce or non empty code,
+        True if the account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code,
         False otherwise.
 
     """
@@ -500,7 +500,7 @@ def set_account_balance(state: State, address: Address, amount: U256) -> None:
         Address of the account whose nonce needs to be incremented.
 
     amount:
-        The amount that needs to set in balance.
+        The amount that needs to be set in the balance.
 
     """
 
@@ -520,7 +520,7 @@ def touch_account(state: State, address: Address) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        The address of the account that need to initialised.
+        The address of the account that needs to be initialized.
 
     """
     if not account_exists(state, address):
@@ -557,7 +557,7 @@ def set_code(state: State, address: Address, code: Bytes) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        Address of the account whose code needs to be update.
+        Address of the account whose code needs to be updated.
 
     code:
         The bytecode that needs to be set.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/trie.py b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/trie.py
index 4b6297e0864..21044c1a077 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/trie.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/trie.py
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ class BranchNode:
 def encode_internal_node(node: Optional[InternalNode]) -> Extended:
     """
     Encodes a Merkle Trie node into its RLP form. The RLP will then be
-    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less that 32 bytes
+    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less than 32 bytes
     when serialized.
 
     This function also accepts `None`, representing the absence of a node,
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/__init__.py
index 40ee422fb61..ebbb4448291 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/__init__.py
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ class BlockOutput:
     receipts_trie : `ethereum.fork_types.Root`
         Trie root of all the receipts in the block.
     receipt_keys :
-        Key of all the receipts in the block.
+        Keys of all the receipts in the block.
     block_logs : `Bloom`
         Logs bloom of all the logs included in all the transactions of the
         block.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/gas.py b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/gas.py
index b5c96dea850..4f2dde3b9d7 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/gas.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/gas.py
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ def calculate_message_call_gas(
         account inside a message call.
     call_stipend :
         The amount of stipend provided to a message call to execute code while
-        transferring value(ETH).
+        transferring value (ETH).
 
     Returns
     -------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
index de5d6ab43d5..b7b1a370ad4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def sub(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mul(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Multiply the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
+    Multiplies the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
     on the stack.
 
     Parameters
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ def signextend(evm: Evm) -> None:
         # Can't extend any further
         result = value
     else:
-        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead b'\x00'.
+        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead of b'\x00'.
         value_bytes = Bytes(value.to_be_bytes32())
         # Now among the obtained value bytes, consider only
         # N `least significant bytes`, where N is `byte_num + 1`.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/instructions/block.py b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/instructions/block.py
index ecbeac10f42..bbf01739ff2 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/instructions/block.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/instructions/block.py
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ def coinbase(evm: Evm) -> None:
 def timestamp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Push the current block's timestamp onto the stack. Here the timestamp
-    being referred is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
+    being referred to is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
 
     Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
     executing transaction/call resides.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/instructions/environment.py b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/instructions/environment.py
index 1abfaeafa9c..2a7b4346619 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/instructions/environment.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/instructions/environment.py
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ def returndatasize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def returndatacopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copies data from the return data buffer code to memory.
+    Copies data from the return data buffer to memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/instructions/memory.py b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/instructions/memory.py
index fdd95188438..3a242ba2f7a 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/instructions/memory.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/instructions/memory.py
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def mstore8(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Load word from memory.
+    Loads a word from memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Push the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
+    Pushes the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/instructions/stack.py b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/instructions/stack.py
index bdf232db6a8..0fc0d3fe4b5 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/instructions/stack.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/instructions/stack.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Remove item from stack.
+    Removes an item from the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
     """
-    Pushes a N-byte immediate onto the stack.
+    Pushes an N-byte immediate onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
 
 def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Duplicate the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
+    Duplicates the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
 
 def swap_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Swap the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
+    Swaps the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
     the top of the stack is position zero.
 
     If `item_number` is zero, this function does nothing (which should not be
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/instructions/system.py b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/instructions/system.py
index 2ef31f9595e..44ba77a073c 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/instructions/system.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/instructions/system.py
@@ -179,8 +179,8 @@ def create2(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Creates a new account with associated code.
 
-    It's similar to CREATE opcode except that the address of new account
-    depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
+    It's similar to the CREATE opcode except that the address of the new
+    account depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
index d2eeaf75df1..d8f6602e556 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the ECRECOVER precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `ECRECOVER` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
index 827c44cfac7..44013f70e89 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Mapping of precompiled contracts their implementations.
+Mapping of precompiled contracts to their implementations.
 """
 
 from typing import Callable, Dict
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
index 462341f69fd..755a396ddac 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def modexp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and.
+    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and
     `modulus`. The return value is the same length as the modulus.
     """
     data = evm.message.data
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/runtime.py b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/runtime.py
index 505b3488de8..0aa5ddd5e20 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/runtime.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/gray_glacier/vm/runtime.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 def get_valid_jump_destinations(code: Bytes) -> Set[Uint]:
     """
-    Analyze the evm code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
+    Analyze the EVM code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
 
     Valid jump destinations are defined as follows:
         * The jump destination is less than the length of the code.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/blocks.py b/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/blocks.py
index fd671bf00f8..2b71f1d74ce 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/blocks.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/blocks.py
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ class Header:
 
     number: Uint
     """
-    Block number, (height) in the chain.
+    Block number (height) in the chain.
     """
 
     gas_limit: Uint
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ class Block:
     header: Header
     """
     The block header containing metadata and cryptographic commitments. Refer
-    [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
+    to [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
 
     [headers]: ref:ethereum.forks.homestead.blocks.Header
     """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/bloom.py b/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/bloom.py
index 8a12ec081dd..0e079df6b39 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/bloom.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/bloom.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-This modules defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
+This module defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
 general theory of bloom filters see e.g. `Wikipedia
 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_filter>`_. Bloom filters are used to allow
 for efficient searching of logs by address and/or topic, by rapidly
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/state.py b/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/state.py
index 8fb03a07fe9..3b6255055d7 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/state.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/state.py
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ def account_exists(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
 
 def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     """
-    Checks if an account has non zero nonce or non empty code.
+    Checks if an account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     Returns
     -------
     has_code_or_nonce : `bool`
-        True if the account has non zero nonce or non empty code,
+        True if the account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code,
         False otherwise.
 
     """
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ def set_account_balance(state: State, address: Address, amount: U256) -> None:
         Address of the account whose nonce needs to be incremented.
 
     amount:
-        The amount that needs to set in balance.
+        The amount that needs to be set in the balance.
 
     """
 
@@ -444,7 +444,7 @@ def touch_account(state: State, address: Address) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        The address of the account that need to initialised.
+        The address of the account that needs to be initialized.
 
     """
     if not account_exists(state, address):
@@ -481,7 +481,7 @@ def set_code(state: State, address: Address, code: Bytes) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        Address of the account whose code needs to be update.
+        Address of the account whose code needs to be updated.
 
     code:
         The bytecode that needs to be set.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/trie.py b/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/trie.py
index 1a597718982..331802a660b 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/trie.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/trie.py
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ class BranchNode:
 def encode_internal_node(node: Optional[InternalNode]) -> Extended:
     """
     Encodes a Merkle Trie node into its RLP form. The RLP will then be
-    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less that 32 bytes
+    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less than 32 bytes
     when serialized.
 
     This function also accepts `None`, representing the absence of a node,
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/__init__.py
index 21585c758c5..e4739cebdef 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/__init__.py
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ class BlockOutput:
     receipts_trie : `ethereum.fork_types.Root`
         Trie root of all the receipts in the block.
     receipt_keys :
-        Key of all the receipts in the block.
+        Keys of all the receipts in the block.
     block_logs : `Bloom`
         Logs bloom of all the logs included in all the transactions of the
         block.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py b/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
index de5d6ab43d5..b7b1a370ad4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def sub(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mul(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Multiply the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
+    Multiplies the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
     on the stack.
 
     Parameters
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ def signextend(evm: Evm) -> None:
         # Can't extend any further
         result = value
     else:
-        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead b'\x00'.
+        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead of b'\x00'.
         value_bytes = Bytes(value.to_be_bytes32())
         # Now among the obtained value bytes, consider only
         # N `least significant bytes`, where N is `byte_num + 1`.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/instructions/block.py b/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/instructions/block.py
index 8b50f1bc07f..0edcbf000d1 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/instructions/block.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/instructions/block.py
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ def coinbase(evm: Evm) -> None:
 def timestamp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Push the current block's timestamp onto the stack. Here the timestamp
-    being referred is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
+    being referred to is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
 
     Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
     executing transaction/call resides.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/instructions/memory.py b/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/instructions/memory.py
index fdd95188438..3a242ba2f7a 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/instructions/memory.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/instructions/memory.py
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def mstore8(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Load word from memory.
+    Loads a word from memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Push the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
+    Pushes the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/instructions/stack.py b/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/instructions/stack.py
index bdf232db6a8..0fc0d3fe4b5 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/instructions/stack.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/instructions/stack.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Remove item from stack.
+    Removes an item from the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
     """
-    Pushes a N-byte immediate onto the stack.
+    Pushes an N-byte immediate onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
 
 def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Duplicate the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
+    Duplicates the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
 
 def swap_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Swap the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
+    Swaps the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
     the top of the stack is position zero.
 
     If `item_number` is zero, this function does nothing (which should not be
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py b/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
index d2eeaf75df1..d8f6602e556 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the ECRECOVER precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `ECRECOVER` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py b/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
index 33412f4c283..1d44a6f2e37 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Mapping of precompiled contracts their implementations.
+Mapping of precompiled contracts to their implementations.
 """
 
 from typing import Callable, Dict
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/runtime.py b/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/runtime.py
index 505b3488de8..0aa5ddd5e20 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/runtime.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/homestead/vm/runtime.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 def get_valid_jump_destinations(code: Bytes) -> Set[Uint]:
     """
-    Analyze the evm code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
+    Analyze the EVM code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
 
     Valid jump destinations are defined as follows:
         * The jump destination is less than the length of the code.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/blocks.py b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/blocks.py
index 06dc59ab24e..e3f124bcd58 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/blocks.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/blocks.py
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ class Header:
 
     number: Uint
     """
-    Block number, (height) in the chain.
+    Block number (height) in the chain.
     """
 
     gas_limit: Uint
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ class Block:
     header: Header
     """
     The block header containing metadata and cryptographic commitments. Refer
-    [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
+    to [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
 
     [headers]: ref:ethereum.forks.istanbul.blocks.Header
     """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/bloom.py b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/bloom.py
index 8a12ec081dd..0e079df6b39 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/bloom.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/bloom.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-This modules defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
+This module defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
 general theory of bloom filters see e.g. `Wikipedia
 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_filter>`_. Bloom filters are used to allow
 for efficient searching of logs by address and/or topic, by rapidly
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/state.py b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/state.py
index 5fbcf920cd2..91a0b28a1eb 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/state.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/state.py
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ def account_exists(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
 
 def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     """
-    Checks if an account has non zero nonce or non empty code.
+    Checks if an account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     Returns
     -------
     has_code_or_nonce : `bool`
-        True if the account has non zero nonce or non empty code,
+        True if the account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code,
         False otherwise.
 
     """
@@ -500,7 +500,7 @@ def set_account_balance(state: State, address: Address, amount: U256) -> None:
         Address of the account whose nonce needs to be incremented.
 
     amount:
-        The amount that needs to set in balance.
+        The amount that needs to be set in the balance.
 
     """
 
@@ -520,7 +520,7 @@ def touch_account(state: State, address: Address) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        The address of the account that need to initialised.
+        The address of the account that needs to be initialized.
 
     """
     if not account_exists(state, address):
@@ -557,7 +557,7 @@ def set_code(state: State, address: Address, code: Bytes) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        Address of the account whose code needs to be update.
+        Address of the account whose code needs to be updated.
 
     code:
         The bytecode that needs to be set.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/trie.py b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/trie.py
index 74c118fda32..a040432bd70 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/trie.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/trie.py
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ class BranchNode:
 def encode_internal_node(node: Optional[InternalNode]) -> Extended:
     """
     Encodes a Merkle Trie node into its RLP form. The RLP will then be
-    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less that 32 bytes
+    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less than 32 bytes
     when serialized.
 
     This function also accepts `None`, representing the absence of a node,
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/__init__.py
index 6cdd9c9bc74..068648ac368 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/__init__.py
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ class BlockOutput:
     receipts_trie : `ethereum.fork_types.Root`
         Trie root of all the receipts in the block.
     receipt_keys :
-        Key of all the receipts in the block.
+        Keys of all the receipts in the block.
     block_logs : `Bloom`
         Logs bloom of all the logs included in all the transactions of the
         block.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/gas.py b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/gas.py
index 93cacf71abc..af180fa654c 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/gas.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/gas.py
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ def calculate_message_call_gas(
         account inside a message call.
     call_stipend :
         The amount of stipend provided to a message call to execute code while
-        transferring value(ETH).
+        transferring value (ETH).
 
     Returns
     -------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
index de5d6ab43d5..b7b1a370ad4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def sub(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mul(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Multiply the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
+    Multiplies the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
     on the stack.
 
     Parameters
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ def signextend(evm: Evm) -> None:
         # Can't extend any further
         result = value
     else:
-        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead b'\x00'.
+        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead of b'\x00'.
         value_bytes = Bytes(value.to_be_bytes32())
         # Now among the obtained value bytes, consider only
         # N `least significant bytes`, where N is `byte_num + 1`.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/instructions/block.py b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/instructions/block.py
index ecbeac10f42..bbf01739ff2 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/instructions/block.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/instructions/block.py
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ def coinbase(evm: Evm) -> None:
 def timestamp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Push the current block's timestamp onto the stack. Here the timestamp
-    being referred is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
+    being referred to is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
 
     Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
     executing transaction/call resides.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/instructions/environment.py b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/instructions/environment.py
index a854355eb4f..f7766715412 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/instructions/environment.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/instructions/environment.py
@@ -407,7 +407,7 @@ def returndatasize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def returndatacopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copies data from the return data buffer code to memory.
+    Copies data from the return data buffer to memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/instructions/memory.py b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/instructions/memory.py
index fdd95188438..3a242ba2f7a 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/instructions/memory.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/instructions/memory.py
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def mstore8(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Load word from memory.
+    Loads a word from memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Push the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
+    Pushes the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/instructions/stack.py b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/instructions/stack.py
index bdf232db6a8..0fc0d3fe4b5 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/instructions/stack.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/instructions/stack.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Remove item from stack.
+    Removes an item from the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
     """
-    Pushes a N-byte immediate onto the stack.
+    Pushes an N-byte immediate onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
 
 def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Duplicate the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
+    Duplicates the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
 
 def swap_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Swap the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
+    Swaps the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
     the top of the stack is position zero.
 
     If `item_number` is zero, this function does nothing (which should not be
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/instructions/system.py b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/instructions/system.py
index fadd9634172..af2527d31cc 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/instructions/system.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/instructions/system.py
@@ -179,8 +179,8 @@ def create2(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Creates a new account with associated code.
 
-    It's similar to CREATE opcode except that the address of new account
-    depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
+    It's similar to the CREATE opcode except that the address of the new
+    account depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
index d2eeaf75df1..d8f6602e556 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the ECRECOVER precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `ECRECOVER` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
index 827c44cfac7..44013f70e89 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Mapping of precompiled contracts their implementations.
+Mapping of precompiled contracts to their implementations.
 """
 
 from typing import Callable, Dict
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
index fd0501616c1..8ed5c851a72 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def modexp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and.
+    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and
     `modulus`. The return value is the same length as the modulus.
     """
     data = evm.message.data
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/runtime.py b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/runtime.py
index 505b3488de8..0aa5ddd5e20 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/runtime.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/istanbul/vm/runtime.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 def get_valid_jump_destinations(code: Bytes) -> Set[Uint]:
     """
-    Analyze the evm code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
+    Analyze the EVM code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
 
     Valid jump destinations are defined as follows:
         * The jump destination is less than the length of the code.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/london/blocks.py b/src/ethereum/forks/london/blocks.py
index 3cae46582dc..20971a661c0 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/london/blocks.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/london/blocks.py
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ class Header:
 
     number: Uint
     """
-    Block number, (height) in the chain.
+    Block number (height) in the chain.
     """
 
     gas_limit: Uint
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ class Block:
     header: Header
     """
     The block header containing metadata and cryptographic commitments. Refer
-    [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
+    to [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
 
     [headers]: ref:ethereum.forks.london.blocks.Header
     """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/london/bloom.py b/src/ethereum/forks/london/bloom.py
index 8a12ec081dd..0e079df6b39 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/london/bloom.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/london/bloom.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-This modules defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
+This module defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
 general theory of bloom filters see e.g. `Wikipedia
 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_filter>`_. Bloom filters are used to allow
 for efficient searching of logs by address and/or topic, by rapidly
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/london/state.py b/src/ethereum/forks/london/state.py
index 5fbcf920cd2..91a0b28a1eb 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/london/state.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/london/state.py
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ def account_exists(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
 
 def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     """
-    Checks if an account has non zero nonce or non empty code.
+    Checks if an account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     Returns
     -------
     has_code_or_nonce : `bool`
-        True if the account has non zero nonce or non empty code,
+        True if the account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code,
         False otherwise.
 
     """
@@ -500,7 +500,7 @@ def set_account_balance(state: State, address: Address, amount: U256) -> None:
         Address of the account whose nonce needs to be incremented.
 
     amount:
-        The amount that needs to set in balance.
+        The amount that needs to be set in the balance.
 
     """
 
@@ -520,7 +520,7 @@ def touch_account(state: State, address: Address) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        The address of the account that need to initialised.
+        The address of the account that needs to be initialized.
 
     """
     if not account_exists(state, address):
@@ -557,7 +557,7 @@ def set_code(state: State, address: Address, code: Bytes) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        Address of the account whose code needs to be update.
+        Address of the account whose code needs to be updated.
 
     code:
         The bytecode that needs to be set.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/london/trie.py b/src/ethereum/forks/london/trie.py
index 4e0452c7408..0deeb2d3c9e 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/london/trie.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/london/trie.py
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ class BranchNode:
 def encode_internal_node(node: Optional[InternalNode]) -> Extended:
     """
     Encodes a Merkle Trie node into its RLP form. The RLP will then be
-    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less that 32 bytes
+    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less than 32 bytes
     when serialized.
 
     This function also accepts `None`, representing the absence of a node,
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/__init__.py
index 40ee422fb61..ebbb4448291 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/__init__.py
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ class BlockOutput:
     receipts_trie : `ethereum.fork_types.Root`
         Trie root of all the receipts in the block.
     receipt_keys :
-        Key of all the receipts in the block.
+        Keys of all the receipts in the block.
     block_logs : `Bloom`
         Logs bloom of all the logs included in all the transactions of the
         block.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/gas.py b/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/gas.py
index b5c96dea850..4f2dde3b9d7 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/gas.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/gas.py
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ def calculate_message_call_gas(
         account inside a message call.
     call_stipend :
         The amount of stipend provided to a message call to execute code while
-        transferring value(ETH).
+        transferring value (ETH).
 
     Returns
     -------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py b/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
index de5d6ab43d5..b7b1a370ad4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def sub(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mul(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Multiply the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
+    Multiplies the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
     on the stack.
 
     Parameters
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ def signextend(evm: Evm) -> None:
         # Can't extend any further
         result = value
     else:
-        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead b'\x00'.
+        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead of b'\x00'.
         value_bytes = Bytes(value.to_be_bytes32())
         # Now among the obtained value bytes, consider only
         # N `least significant bytes`, where N is `byte_num + 1`.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/instructions/block.py b/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/instructions/block.py
index ecbeac10f42..bbf01739ff2 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/instructions/block.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/instructions/block.py
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ def coinbase(evm: Evm) -> None:
 def timestamp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Push the current block's timestamp onto the stack. Here the timestamp
-    being referred is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
+    being referred to is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
 
     Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
     executing transaction/call resides.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/instructions/environment.py b/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/instructions/environment.py
index 1abfaeafa9c..2a7b4346619 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/instructions/environment.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/instructions/environment.py
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ def returndatasize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def returndatacopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copies data from the return data buffer code to memory.
+    Copies data from the return data buffer to memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/instructions/memory.py b/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/instructions/memory.py
index fdd95188438..3a242ba2f7a 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/instructions/memory.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/instructions/memory.py
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def mstore8(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Load word from memory.
+    Loads a word from memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Push the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
+    Pushes the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/instructions/stack.py b/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/instructions/stack.py
index bdf232db6a8..0fc0d3fe4b5 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/instructions/stack.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/instructions/stack.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Remove item from stack.
+    Removes an item from the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
     """
-    Pushes a N-byte immediate onto the stack.
+    Pushes an N-byte immediate onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
 
 def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Duplicate the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
+    Duplicates the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
 
 def swap_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Swap the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
+    Swaps the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
     the top of the stack is position zero.
 
     If `item_number` is zero, this function does nothing (which should not be
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/instructions/system.py b/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/instructions/system.py
index 2ef31f9595e..44ba77a073c 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/instructions/system.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/instructions/system.py
@@ -179,8 +179,8 @@ def create2(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Creates a new account with associated code.
 
-    It's similar to CREATE opcode except that the address of new account
-    depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
+    It's similar to the CREATE opcode except that the address of the new
+    account depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py b/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
index d2eeaf75df1..d8f6602e556 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the ECRECOVER precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `ECRECOVER` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py b/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
index 827c44cfac7..44013f70e89 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Mapping of precompiled contracts their implementations.
+Mapping of precompiled contracts to their implementations.
 """
 
 from typing import Callable, Dict
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py b/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
index 462341f69fd..755a396ddac 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def modexp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and.
+    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and
     `modulus`. The return value is the same length as the modulus.
     """
     data = evm.message.data
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/runtime.py b/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/runtime.py
index 505b3488de8..0aa5ddd5e20 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/runtime.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/london/vm/runtime.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 def get_valid_jump_destinations(code: Bytes) -> Set[Uint]:
     """
-    Analyze the evm code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
+    Analyze the EVM code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
 
     Valid jump destinations are defined as follows:
         * The jump destination is less than the length of the code.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/blocks.py b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/blocks.py
index 3f17dc8fd73..05dd03d1c05 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/blocks.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/blocks.py
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ class Header:
 
     number: Uint
     """
-    Block number, (height) in the chain.
+    Block number (height) in the chain.
     """
 
     gas_limit: Uint
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ class Block:
     header: Header
     """
     The block header containing metadata and cryptographic commitments. Refer
-    [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
+    to [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
 
     [headers]: ref:ethereum.forks.muir_glacier.blocks.Header
     """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/bloom.py b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/bloom.py
index 8a12ec081dd..0e079df6b39 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/bloom.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/bloom.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-This modules defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
+This module defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
 general theory of bloom filters see e.g. `Wikipedia
 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_filter>`_. Bloom filters are used to allow
 for efficient searching of logs by address and/or topic, by rapidly
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/state.py b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/state.py
index 5fbcf920cd2..91a0b28a1eb 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/state.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/state.py
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ def account_exists(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
 
 def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     """
-    Checks if an account has non zero nonce or non empty code.
+    Checks if an account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     Returns
     -------
     has_code_or_nonce : `bool`
-        True if the account has non zero nonce or non empty code,
+        True if the account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code,
         False otherwise.
 
     """
@@ -500,7 +500,7 @@ def set_account_balance(state: State, address: Address, amount: U256) -> None:
         Address of the account whose nonce needs to be incremented.
 
     amount:
-        The amount that needs to set in balance.
+        The amount that needs to be set in the balance.
 
     """
 
@@ -520,7 +520,7 @@ def touch_account(state: State, address: Address) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        The address of the account that need to initialised.
+        The address of the account that needs to be initialized.
 
     """
     if not account_exists(state, address):
@@ -557,7 +557,7 @@ def set_code(state: State, address: Address, code: Bytes) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        Address of the account whose code needs to be update.
+        Address of the account whose code needs to be updated.
 
     code:
         The bytecode that needs to be set.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/trie.py b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/trie.py
index 4b02439003c..70e0ba33c2a 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/trie.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/trie.py
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ class BranchNode:
 def encode_internal_node(node: Optional[InternalNode]) -> Extended:
     """
     Encodes a Merkle Trie node into its RLP form. The RLP will then be
-    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less that 32 bytes
+    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less than 32 bytes
     when serialized.
 
     This function also accepts `None`, representing the absence of a node,
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/__init__.py
index 6cdd9c9bc74..068648ac368 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/__init__.py
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ class BlockOutput:
     receipts_trie : `ethereum.fork_types.Root`
         Trie root of all the receipts in the block.
     receipt_keys :
-        Key of all the receipts in the block.
+        Keys of all the receipts in the block.
     block_logs : `Bloom`
         Logs bloom of all the logs included in all the transactions of the
         block.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/gas.py b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/gas.py
index 93cacf71abc..af180fa654c 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/gas.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/gas.py
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ def calculate_message_call_gas(
         account inside a message call.
     call_stipend :
         The amount of stipend provided to a message call to execute code while
-        transferring value(ETH).
+        transferring value (ETH).
 
     Returns
     -------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
index de5d6ab43d5..b7b1a370ad4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def sub(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mul(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Multiply the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
+    Multiplies the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
     on the stack.
 
     Parameters
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ def signextend(evm: Evm) -> None:
         # Can't extend any further
         result = value
     else:
-        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead b'\x00'.
+        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead of b'\x00'.
         value_bytes = Bytes(value.to_be_bytes32())
         # Now among the obtained value bytes, consider only
         # N `least significant bytes`, where N is `byte_num + 1`.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/instructions/block.py b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/instructions/block.py
index ecbeac10f42..bbf01739ff2 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/instructions/block.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/instructions/block.py
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ def coinbase(evm: Evm) -> None:
 def timestamp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Push the current block's timestamp onto the stack. Here the timestamp
-    being referred is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
+    being referred to is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
 
     Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
     executing transaction/call resides.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/instructions/environment.py b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/instructions/environment.py
index a854355eb4f..f7766715412 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/instructions/environment.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/instructions/environment.py
@@ -407,7 +407,7 @@ def returndatasize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def returndatacopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copies data from the return data buffer code to memory.
+    Copies data from the return data buffer to memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/instructions/memory.py b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/instructions/memory.py
index fdd95188438..3a242ba2f7a 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/instructions/memory.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/instructions/memory.py
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def mstore8(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Load word from memory.
+    Loads a word from memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Push the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
+    Pushes the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/instructions/stack.py b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/instructions/stack.py
index bdf232db6a8..0fc0d3fe4b5 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/instructions/stack.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/instructions/stack.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Remove item from stack.
+    Removes an item from the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
     """
-    Pushes a N-byte immediate onto the stack.
+    Pushes an N-byte immediate onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
 
 def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Duplicate the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
+    Duplicates the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
 
 def swap_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Swap the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
+    Swaps the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
     the top of the stack is position zero.
 
     If `item_number` is zero, this function does nothing (which should not be
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/instructions/system.py b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/instructions/system.py
index fadd9634172..af2527d31cc 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/instructions/system.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/instructions/system.py
@@ -179,8 +179,8 @@ def create2(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Creates a new account with associated code.
 
-    It's similar to CREATE opcode except that the address of new account
-    depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
+    It's similar to the CREATE opcode except that the address of the new
+    account depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
index d2eeaf75df1..d8f6602e556 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the ECRECOVER precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `ECRECOVER` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
index 827c44cfac7..44013f70e89 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Mapping of precompiled contracts their implementations.
+Mapping of precompiled contracts to their implementations.
 """
 
 from typing import Callable, Dict
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
index fd0501616c1..8ed5c851a72 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def modexp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and.
+    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and
     `modulus`. The return value is the same length as the modulus.
     """
     data = evm.message.data
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/runtime.py b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/runtime.py
index 505b3488de8..0aa5ddd5e20 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/runtime.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/muir_glacier/vm/runtime.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 def get_valid_jump_destinations(code: Bytes) -> Set[Uint]:
     """
-    Analyze the evm code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
+    Analyze the EVM code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
 
     Valid jump destinations are defined as follows:
         * The jump destination is less than the length of the code.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/blocks.py b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/blocks.py
index fbbeeff15e2..857570d58cf 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/blocks.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/blocks.py
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ class Header:
 
     number: Uint
     """
-    Block number, (height) in the chain.
+    Block number (height) in the chain.
     """
 
     gas_limit: Uint
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ class Block:
     header: Header
     """
     The block header containing metadata and cryptographic commitments. Refer
-    [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
+    to [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
 
     [headers]: ref:ethereum.forks.osaka.blocks.Header
     """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/bloom.py b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/bloom.py
index 8a12ec081dd..0e079df6b39 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/bloom.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/bloom.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-This modules defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
+This module defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
 general theory of bloom filters see e.g. `Wikipedia
 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_filter>`_. Bloom filters are used to allow
 for efficient searching of logs by address and/or topic, by rapidly
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/requests.py b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/requests.py
index 929e973e587..542c9264d37 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/requests.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/requests.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 """
-Requests were introduced in EIP-7685 as a a general purpose framework for
+Requests were introduced in EIP-7685 as a general purpose framework for
 storing contract-triggered requests. It extends the execution header and
 body with a single field each to store the request information.
 This inherently exposes the requests to the consensus layer, which can
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/state.py b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/state.py
index e997411f6da..6571aa05c61 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/state.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/state.py
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ def account_exists(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
 
 def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     """
-    Checks if an account has non zero nonce or non empty code.
+    Checks if an account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     Returns
     -------
     has_code_or_nonce : `bool`
-        True if the account has non zero nonce or non empty code,
+        True if the account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code,
         False otherwise.
 
     """
@@ -517,7 +517,7 @@ def set_account_balance(state: State, address: Address, amount: U256) -> None:
         Address of the account whose nonce needs to be incremented.
 
     amount:
-        The amount that needs to set in balance.
+        The amount that needs to be set in the balance.
 
     """
 
@@ -557,7 +557,7 @@ def set_code(state: State, address: Address, code: Bytes) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        Address of the account whose code needs to be update.
+        Address of the account whose code needs to be updated.
 
     code:
         The bytecode that needs to be set.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/trie.py b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/trie.py
index bde4318a648..fea8e0ece48 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/trie.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/trie.py
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ class BranchNode:
 def encode_internal_node(node: Optional[InternalNode]) -> Extended:
     """
     Encodes a Merkle Trie node into its RLP form. The RLP will then be
-    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less that 32 bytes
+    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less than 32 bytes
     when serialized.
 
     This function also accepts `None`, representing the absence of a node,
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/__init__.py
index b2a8c5e2b9f..641695ea0e7 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/__init__.py
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class BlockOutput:
     receipts_trie : `ethereum.fork_types.Root`
         Trie root of all the receipts in the block.
     receipt_keys :
-        Key of all the receipts in the block.
+        Keys of all the receipts in the block.
     block_logs : `Bloom`
         Logs bloom of all the logs included in all the transactions of the
         block.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/eoa_delegation.py b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/eoa_delegation.py
index 29909b5fa56..bc96f4c3275 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/eoa_delegation.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/eoa_delegation.py
@@ -157,8 +157,6 @@ def set_delegation(message: Message) -> U256:
     ----------
     message :
         Transaction specific items.
-    env :
-        External items required for EVM execution.
 
     Returns
     -------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/gas.py b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/gas.py
index 62118f4c6ac..042abe0a531 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/gas.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/gas.py
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ def calculate_message_call_gas(
         account inside a message call.
     call_stipend :
         The amount of stipend provided to a message call to execute code while
-        transferring value(ETH).
+        transferring value (ETH).
 
     Returns
     -------
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ def init_code_cost(init_code_length: Uint) -> Uint:
 
 def calculate_excess_blob_gas(parent_header: Header) -> U64:
     """
-    Calculated the excess blob gas for the current block based
+    Calculates the excess blob gas for the current block based
     on the gas used in the parent block.
 
     Parameters
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
index de5d6ab43d5..b7b1a370ad4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def sub(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mul(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Multiply the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
+    Multiplies the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
     on the stack.
 
     Parameters
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ def signextend(evm: Evm) -> None:
         # Can't extend any further
         result = value
     else:
-        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead b'\x00'.
+        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead of b'\x00'.
         value_bytes = Bytes(value.to_be_bytes32())
         # Now among the obtained value bytes, consider only
         # N `least significant bytes`, where N is `byte_num + 1`.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/instructions/block.py b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/instructions/block.py
index e33f26aea42..43be9e58e23 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/instructions/block.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/instructions/block.py
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ def coinbase(evm: Evm) -> None:
 def timestamp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Push the current block's timestamp onto the stack. Here the timestamp
-    being referred is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
+    being referred to is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
 
     Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
     executing transaction/call resides.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/instructions/environment.py b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/instructions/environment.py
index 83690434658..28c595ee514 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/instructions/environment.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/instructions/environment.py
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ def returndatasize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def returndatacopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copies data from the return data buffer code to memory.
+    Copies data from the return data buffer to memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/instructions/memory.py b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/instructions/memory.py
index 631d33a7fd6..6e111051ee3 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/instructions/memory.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/instructions/memory.py
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ def mstore8(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Load word from memory.
+    Loads a word from memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Push the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
+    Pushes the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mcopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copy the bytes in memory from one location to another.
+    Copies the bytes in memory from one location to another.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/instructions/stack.py b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/instructions/stack.py
index e381b52c370..0007a28acd4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/instructions/stack.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/instructions/stack.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Remove item from stack.
+    Removes an item from the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
     """
-    Pushes a N-byte immediate onto the stack. Push zero if num_bytes is zero.
+    Pushes an N-byte immediate onto the stack. Push zero if num_bytes is zero.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
 
 def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Duplicate the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
+    Duplicates the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
 
 def swap_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Swap the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
+    Swaps the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
     the top of the stack is position zero.
 
     If `item_number` is zero, this function does nothing (which should not be
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/instructions/system.py b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/instructions/system.py
index fea7a0c1b9d..44c36ae000f 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/instructions/system.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/instructions/system.py
@@ -193,8 +193,8 @@ def create2(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Creates a new account with associated code.
 
-    It's similar to CREATE opcode except that the address of new account
-    depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
+    It's similar to the CREATE opcode except that the address of the new
+    account depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py
index 6cb29a32fd9..c7a62cb49c0 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ def bls12_pairing(evm: Evm) -> None:
     Raises
     ------
     InvalidParameter
-        If the input length is invalid or if sub-group check fails.
+        If the input length is invalid or if the subgroup check fails.
 
     """
     data = evm.message.data
@@ -54,12 +54,12 @@ def bls12_pairing(evm: Evm) -> None:
         g1_slice = data[g1_start : g1_start + Uint(128)]
         g1_point = bytes_to_g1(bytes(g1_slice))
         if not is_inf(bls12_multiply(g1_point, curve_order)):
-            raise InvalidParameter("Sub-group check failed for G1 point.")
+            raise InvalidParameter("Subgroup check failed for G1 point.")
 
         g2_slice = data[g2_start : g2_start + Uint(256)]
         g2_point = bytes_to_g2(bytes(g2_slice))
         if not is_inf(bls12_multiply(g2_point, curve_order)):
-            raise InvalidParameter("Sub-group check failed for G2 point.")
+            raise InvalidParameter("Subgroup check failed for G2 point.")
 
         result *= pairing(g2_point, g1_point)
 
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
index d2eeaf75df1..d8f6602e556 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the ECRECOVER precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `ECRECOVER` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
index a80e2b02354..7486203c3e6 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Mapping of precompiled contracts their implementations.
+Mapping of precompiled contracts to their implementations.
 """
 
 from typing import Callable, Dict
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
index 5e7e895b91a..bf828ee8f6e 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 
 def modexp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and.
+    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and
     `modulus`. The return value is the same length as the modulus.
     """
     data = evm.message.data
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py
index 6f6e7ff4e9d..106dd548a61 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/precompiled_contracts/p256verify.py
@@ -5,9 +5,10 @@
     :backlinks: none
     :local:
 
-Introduction.
+Introduction
 ------------
-Implementation of the P256VERIFY precompiled contract.
+
+Implementation of the `P256VERIFY` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
index 760af477364..ce4eed71294 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the POINT EVALUATION precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `POINT EVALUATION` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.bytes import Bytes, Bytes32, Bytes48
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/runtime.py b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/runtime.py
index 505b3488de8..0aa5ddd5e20 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/runtime.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/osaka/vm/runtime.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 def get_valid_jump_destinations(code: Bytes) -> Set[Uint]:
     """
-    Analyze the evm code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
+    Analyze the EVM code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
 
     Valid jump destinations are defined as follows:
         * The jump destination is less than the length of the code.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/blocks.py b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/blocks.py
index 4ad446c9460..af1f4e47779 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/blocks.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/blocks.py
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ class Header:
 
     number: Uint
     """
-    Block number, (height) in the chain.
+    Block number (height) in the chain.
     """
 
     gas_limit: Uint
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ class Block:
     header: Header
     """
     The block header containing metadata and cryptographic commitments. Refer
-    [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
+    to [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
 
     [headers]: ref:ethereum.forks.paris.blocks.Header
     """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/bloom.py b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/bloom.py
index 8a12ec081dd..0e079df6b39 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/bloom.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/bloom.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-This modules defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
+This module defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
 general theory of bloom filters see e.g. `Wikipedia
 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_filter>`_. Bloom filters are used to allow
 for efficient searching of logs by address and/or topic, by rapidly
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/state.py b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/state.py
index ec753edd33f..8db1566f568 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/state.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/state.py
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ def account_exists(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
 
 def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     """
-    Checks if an account has non zero nonce or non empty code.
+    Checks if an account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     Returns
     -------
     has_code_or_nonce : `bool`
-        True if the account has non zero nonce or non empty code,
+        True if the account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code,
         False otherwise.
 
     """
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ def set_account_balance(state: State, address: Address, amount: U256) -> None:
         Address of the account whose nonce needs to be incremented.
 
     amount:
-        The amount that needs to set in balance.
+        The amount that needs to be set in the balance.
 
     """
 
@@ -524,7 +524,7 @@ def set_code(state: State, address: Address, code: Bytes) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        Address of the account whose code needs to be update.
+        Address of the account whose code needs to be updated.
 
     code:
         The bytecode that needs to be set.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/trie.py b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/trie.py
index 0217f832049..38db711ff49 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/trie.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/trie.py
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ class BranchNode:
 def encode_internal_node(node: Optional[InternalNode]) -> Extended:
     """
     Encodes a Merkle Trie node into its RLP form. The RLP will then be
-    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less that 32 bytes
+    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less than 32 bytes
     when serialized.
 
     This function also accepts `None`, representing the absence of a node,
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/__init__.py
index 1bac4ee2130..22f11d48225 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/__init__.py
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ class BlockOutput:
     receipts_trie : `ethereum.fork_types.Root`
         Trie root of all the receipts in the block.
     receipt_keys :
-        Key of all the receipts in the block.
+        Keys of all the receipts in the block.
     block_logs : `Bloom`
         Logs bloom of all the logs included in all the transactions of the
         block.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/gas.py b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/gas.py
index b5c96dea850..4f2dde3b9d7 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/gas.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/gas.py
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ def calculate_message_call_gas(
         account inside a message call.
     call_stipend :
         The amount of stipend provided to a message call to execute code while
-        transferring value(ETH).
+        transferring value (ETH).
 
     Returns
     -------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
index de5d6ab43d5..b7b1a370ad4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def sub(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mul(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Multiply the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
+    Multiplies the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
     on the stack.
 
     Parameters
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ def signextend(evm: Evm) -> None:
         # Can't extend any further
         result = value
     else:
-        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead b'\x00'.
+        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead of b'\x00'.
         value_bytes = Bytes(value.to_be_bytes32())
         # Now among the obtained value bytes, consider only
         # N `least significant bytes`, where N is `byte_num + 1`.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/instructions/block.py b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/instructions/block.py
index 098a23386ae..3aa1fb2f6b6 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/instructions/block.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/instructions/block.py
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ def coinbase(evm: Evm) -> None:
 def timestamp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Push the current block's timestamp onto the stack. Here the timestamp
-    being referred is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
+    being referred to is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
 
     Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
     executing transaction/call resides.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/instructions/environment.py b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/instructions/environment.py
index 1abfaeafa9c..2a7b4346619 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/instructions/environment.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/instructions/environment.py
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ def returndatasize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def returndatacopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copies data from the return data buffer code to memory.
+    Copies data from the return data buffer to memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/instructions/memory.py b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/instructions/memory.py
index fdd95188438..3a242ba2f7a 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/instructions/memory.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/instructions/memory.py
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def mstore8(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Load word from memory.
+    Loads a word from memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Push the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
+    Pushes the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/instructions/stack.py b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/instructions/stack.py
index bdf232db6a8..0fc0d3fe4b5 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/instructions/stack.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/instructions/stack.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Remove item from stack.
+    Removes an item from the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
     """
-    Pushes a N-byte immediate onto the stack.
+    Pushes an N-byte immediate onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
 
 def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Duplicate the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
+    Duplicates the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
 
 def swap_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Swap the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
+    Swaps the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
     the top of the stack is position zero.
 
     If `item_number` is zero, this function does nothing (which should not be
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/instructions/system.py b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/instructions/system.py
index a1d4ba48e1a..f2af30a7ee3 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/instructions/system.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/instructions/system.py
@@ -178,8 +178,8 @@ def create2(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Creates a new account with associated code.
 
-    It's similar to CREATE opcode except that the address of new account
-    depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
+    It's similar to the CREATE opcode except that the address of the new
+    account depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
index d2eeaf75df1..d8f6602e556 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the ECRECOVER precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `ECRECOVER` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
index 827c44cfac7..44013f70e89 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Mapping of precompiled contracts their implementations.
+Mapping of precompiled contracts to their implementations.
 """
 
 from typing import Callable, Dict
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
index 462341f69fd..755a396ddac 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def modexp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and.
+    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and
     `modulus`. The return value is the same length as the modulus.
     """
     data = evm.message.data
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/runtime.py b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/runtime.py
index 505b3488de8..0aa5ddd5e20 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/runtime.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/paris/vm/runtime.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 def get_valid_jump_destinations(code: Bytes) -> Set[Uint]:
     """
-    Analyze the evm code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
+    Analyze the EVM code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
 
     Valid jump destinations are defined as follows:
         * The jump destination is less than the length of the code.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/blocks.py b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/blocks.py
index 54cec5306b0..33d7bedfefc 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/blocks.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/blocks.py
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ class Header:
 
     number: Uint
     """
-    Block number, (height) in the chain.
+    Block number (height) in the chain.
     """
 
     gas_limit: Uint
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ class Block:
     header: Header
     """
     The block header containing metadata and cryptographic commitments. Refer
-    [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
+    to [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
 
     [headers]: ref:ethereum.forks.prague.blocks.Header
     """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/bloom.py b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/bloom.py
index 8a12ec081dd..0e079df6b39 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/bloom.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/bloom.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-This modules defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
+This module defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
 general theory of bloom filters see e.g. `Wikipedia
 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_filter>`_. Bloom filters are used to allow
 for efficient searching of logs by address and/or topic, by rapidly
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/state.py b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/state.py
index e997411f6da..6571aa05c61 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/state.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/state.py
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ def account_exists(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
 
 def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     """
-    Checks if an account has non zero nonce or non empty code.
+    Checks if an account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     Returns
     -------
     has_code_or_nonce : `bool`
-        True if the account has non zero nonce or non empty code,
+        True if the account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code,
         False otherwise.
 
     """
@@ -517,7 +517,7 @@ def set_account_balance(state: State, address: Address, amount: U256) -> None:
         Address of the account whose nonce needs to be incremented.
 
     amount:
-        The amount that needs to set in balance.
+        The amount that needs to be set in the balance.
 
     """
 
@@ -557,7 +557,7 @@ def set_code(state: State, address: Address, code: Bytes) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        Address of the account whose code needs to be update.
+        Address of the account whose code needs to be updated.
 
     code:
         The bytecode that needs to be set.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/trie.py b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/trie.py
index e3265a72730..ac266a60f91 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/trie.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/trie.py
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ class BranchNode:
 def encode_internal_node(node: Optional[InternalNode]) -> Extended:
     """
     Encodes a Merkle Trie node into its RLP form. The RLP will then be
-    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less that 32 bytes
+    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less than 32 bytes
     when serialized.
 
     This function also accepts `None`, representing the absence of a node,
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/__init__.py
index b2a8c5e2b9f..641695ea0e7 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/__init__.py
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class BlockOutput:
     receipts_trie : `ethereum.fork_types.Root`
         Trie root of all the receipts in the block.
     receipt_keys :
-        Key of all the receipts in the block.
+        Keys of all the receipts in the block.
     block_logs : `Bloom`
         Logs bloom of all the logs included in all the transactions of the
         block.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/eoa_delegation.py b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/eoa_delegation.py
index 29909b5fa56..bc96f4c3275 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/eoa_delegation.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/eoa_delegation.py
@@ -157,8 +157,6 @@ def set_delegation(message: Message) -> U256:
     ----------
     message :
         Transaction specific items.
-    env :
-        External items required for EVM execution.
 
     Returns
     -------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/gas.py b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/gas.py
index 8bb3c042cb7..e7133340562 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/gas.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/gas.py
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ def calculate_message_call_gas(
         account inside a message call.
     call_stipend :
         The amount of stipend provided to a message call to execute code while
-        transferring value(ETH).
+        transferring value (ETH).
 
     Returns
     -------
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ def init_code_cost(init_code_length: Uint) -> Uint:
 
 def calculate_excess_blob_gas(parent_header: Header) -> U64:
     """
-    Calculated the excess blob gas for the current block based
+    Calculates the excess blob gas for the current block based
     on the gas used in the parent block.
 
     Parameters
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
index de5d6ab43d5..b7b1a370ad4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def sub(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mul(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Multiply the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
+    Multiplies the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
     on the stack.
 
     Parameters
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ def signextend(evm: Evm) -> None:
         # Can't extend any further
         result = value
     else:
-        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead b'\x00'.
+        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead of b'\x00'.
         value_bytes = Bytes(value.to_be_bytes32())
         # Now among the obtained value bytes, consider only
         # N `least significant bytes`, where N is `byte_num + 1`.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/instructions/block.py b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/instructions/block.py
index ddaa221bfcd..b3bfb500a09 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/instructions/block.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/instructions/block.py
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ def coinbase(evm: Evm) -> None:
 def timestamp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Push the current block's timestamp onto the stack. Here the timestamp
-    being referred is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
+    being referred to is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
 
     Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
     executing transaction/call resides.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/instructions/environment.py b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/instructions/environment.py
index 83690434658..28c595ee514 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/instructions/environment.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/instructions/environment.py
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ def returndatasize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def returndatacopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copies data from the return data buffer code to memory.
+    Copies data from the return data buffer to memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/instructions/memory.py b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/instructions/memory.py
index 631d33a7fd6..6e111051ee3 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/instructions/memory.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/instructions/memory.py
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ def mstore8(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Load word from memory.
+    Loads a word from memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Push the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
+    Pushes the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mcopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copy the bytes in memory from one location to another.
+    Copies the bytes in memory from one location to another.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/instructions/stack.py b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/instructions/stack.py
index e381b52c370..0007a28acd4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/instructions/stack.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/instructions/stack.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Remove item from stack.
+    Removes an item from the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
     """
-    Pushes a N-byte immediate onto the stack. Push zero if num_bytes is zero.
+    Pushes an N-byte immediate onto the stack. Push zero if num_bytes is zero.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
 
 def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Duplicate the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
+    Duplicates the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
 
 def swap_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Swap the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
+    Swaps the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
     the top of the stack is position zero.
 
     If `item_number` is zero, this function does nothing (which should not be
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/instructions/system.py b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/instructions/system.py
index fea7a0c1b9d..44c36ae000f 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/instructions/system.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/instructions/system.py
@@ -193,8 +193,8 @@ def create2(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Creates a new account with associated code.
 
-    It's similar to CREATE opcode except that the address of new account
-    depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
+    It's similar to the CREATE opcode except that the address of the new
+    account depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py
index 6cb29a32fd9..c7a62cb49c0 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/precompiled_contracts/bls12_381/bls12_381_pairing.py
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ def bls12_pairing(evm: Evm) -> None:
     Raises
     ------
     InvalidParameter
-        If the input length is invalid or if sub-group check fails.
+        If the input length is invalid or if the subgroup check fails.
 
     """
     data = evm.message.data
@@ -54,12 +54,12 @@ def bls12_pairing(evm: Evm) -> None:
         g1_slice = data[g1_start : g1_start + Uint(128)]
         g1_point = bytes_to_g1(bytes(g1_slice))
         if not is_inf(bls12_multiply(g1_point, curve_order)):
-            raise InvalidParameter("Sub-group check failed for G1 point.")
+            raise InvalidParameter("Subgroup check failed for G1 point.")
 
         g2_slice = data[g2_start : g2_start + Uint(256)]
         g2_point = bytes_to_g2(bytes(g2_slice))
         if not is_inf(bls12_multiply(g2_point, curve_order)):
-            raise InvalidParameter("Sub-group check failed for G2 point.")
+            raise InvalidParameter("Subgroup check failed for G2 point.")
 
         result *= pairing(g2_point, g1_point)
 
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
index d2eeaf75df1..d8f6602e556 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the ECRECOVER precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `ECRECOVER` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
index 91ae92faa56..818665d0a41 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Mapping of precompiled contracts their implementations.
+Mapping of precompiled contracts to their implementations.
 """
 
 from typing import Callable, Dict
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
index 462341f69fd..755a396ddac 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def modexp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and.
+    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and
     `modulus`. The return value is the same length as the modulus.
     """
     data = evm.message.data
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
index 760af477364..ce4eed71294 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/precompiled_contracts/point_evaluation.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the POINT EVALUATION precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `POINT EVALUATION` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.bytes import Bytes, Bytes32, Bytes48
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/runtime.py b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/runtime.py
index 505b3488de8..0aa5ddd5e20 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/runtime.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/prague/vm/runtime.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 def get_valid_jump_destinations(code: Bytes) -> Set[Uint]:
     """
-    Analyze the evm code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
+    Analyze the EVM code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
 
     Valid jump destinations are defined as follows:
         * The jump destination is less than the length of the code.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/blocks.py b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/blocks.py
index 74ecc48336c..aed53e2a4b3 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/blocks.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/blocks.py
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ class Header:
 
     number: Uint
     """
-    Block number, (height) in the chain.
+    Block number (height) in the chain.
     """
 
     gas_limit: Uint
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ class Block:
     header: Header
     """
     The block header containing metadata and cryptographic commitments. Refer
-    [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
+    to [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
 
     [headers]: ref:ethereum.forks.shanghai.blocks.Header
     """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/bloom.py b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/bloom.py
index 8a12ec081dd..0e079df6b39 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/bloom.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/bloom.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-This modules defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
+This module defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
 general theory of bloom filters see e.g. `Wikipedia
 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_filter>`_. Bloom filters are used to allow
 for efficient searching of logs by address and/or topic, by rapidly
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/state.py b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/state.py
index ec753edd33f..8db1566f568 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/state.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/state.py
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ def account_exists(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
 
 def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     """
-    Checks if an account has non zero nonce or non empty code.
+    Checks if an account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     Returns
     -------
     has_code_or_nonce : `bool`
-        True if the account has non zero nonce or non empty code,
+        True if the account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code,
         False otherwise.
 
     """
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ def set_account_balance(state: State, address: Address, amount: U256) -> None:
         Address of the account whose nonce needs to be incremented.
 
     amount:
-        The amount that needs to set in balance.
+        The amount that needs to be set in the balance.
 
     """
 
@@ -524,7 +524,7 @@ def set_code(state: State, address: Address, code: Bytes) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        Address of the account whose code needs to be update.
+        Address of the account whose code needs to be updated.
 
     code:
         The bytecode that needs to be set.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/trie.py b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/trie.py
index ef363d889bb..9d4c25986ce 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/trie.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/trie.py
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ class BranchNode:
 def encode_internal_node(node: Optional[InternalNode]) -> Extended:
     """
     Encodes a Merkle Trie node into its RLP form. The RLP will then be
-    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less that 32 bytes
+    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less than 32 bytes
     when serialized.
 
     This function also accepts `None`, representing the absence of a node,
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/__init__.py
index ddff78c5372..e754cd3aa1b 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/__init__.py
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ class BlockOutput:
     receipts_trie : `ethereum.fork_types.Root`
         Trie root of all the receipts in the block.
     receipt_keys :
-        Key of all the receipts in the block.
+        Keys of all the receipts in the block.
     block_logs : `Bloom`
         Logs bloom of all the logs included in all the transactions of the
         block.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/gas.py b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/gas.py
index c3681112de0..e345cad4fd8 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/gas.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/gas.py
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ def calculate_message_call_gas(
         account inside a message call.
     call_stipend :
         The amount of stipend provided to a message call to execute code while
-        transferring value(ETH).
+        transferring value (ETH).
 
     Returns
     -------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
index de5d6ab43d5..b7b1a370ad4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def sub(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mul(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Multiply the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
+    Multiplies the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
     on the stack.
 
     Parameters
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ def signextend(evm: Evm) -> None:
         # Can't extend any further
         result = value
     else:
-        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead b'\x00'.
+        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead of b'\x00'.
         value_bytes = Bytes(value.to_be_bytes32())
         # Now among the obtained value bytes, consider only
         # N `least significant bytes`, where N is `byte_num + 1`.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/instructions/block.py b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/instructions/block.py
index d9d8357b339..de2569869bd 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/instructions/block.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/instructions/block.py
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ def coinbase(evm: Evm) -> None:
 def timestamp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Push the current block's timestamp onto the stack. Here the timestamp
-    being referred is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
+    being referred to is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
 
     Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
     executing transaction/call resides.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/instructions/environment.py b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/instructions/environment.py
index 1abfaeafa9c..2a7b4346619 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/instructions/environment.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/instructions/environment.py
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ def returndatasize(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def returndatacopy(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Copies data from the return data buffer code to memory.
+    Copies data from the return data buffer to memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/instructions/memory.py b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/instructions/memory.py
index fdd95188438..3a242ba2f7a 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/instructions/memory.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/instructions/memory.py
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def mstore8(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Load word from memory.
+    Loads a word from memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Push the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
+    Pushes the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/instructions/stack.py b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/instructions/stack.py
index e381b52c370..0007a28acd4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/instructions/stack.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/instructions/stack.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Remove item from stack.
+    Removes an item from the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
     """
-    Pushes a N-byte immediate onto the stack. Push zero if num_bytes is zero.
+    Pushes an N-byte immediate onto the stack. Push zero if num_bytes is zero.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
 
 def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Duplicate the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
+    Duplicates the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
 
 def swap_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Swap the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
+    Swaps the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
     the top of the stack is position zero.
 
     If `item_number` is zero, this function does nothing (which should not be
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/instructions/system.py b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/instructions/system.py
index 2b6382ad2b6..0a1e3244b23 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/instructions/system.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/instructions/system.py
@@ -190,8 +190,8 @@ def create2(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Creates a new account with associated code.
 
-    It's similar to CREATE opcode except that the address of new account
-    depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
+    It's similar to the CREATE opcode except that the address of the new
+    account depends on the init_code instead of the nonce of sender.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
index d2eeaf75df1..d8f6602e556 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the ECRECOVER precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `ECRECOVER` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
index 827c44cfac7..44013f70e89 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Mapping of precompiled contracts their implementations.
+Mapping of precompiled contracts to their implementations.
 """
 
 from typing import Callable, Dict
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
index 462341f69fd..755a396ddac 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/precompiled_contracts/modexp.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def modexp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and.
+    Calculates `(base**exp) % modulus` for arbitrary sized `base`, `exp` and
     `modulus`. The return value is the same length as the modulus.
     """
     data = evm.message.data
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/runtime.py b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/runtime.py
index 505b3488de8..0aa5ddd5e20 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/runtime.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/shanghai/vm/runtime.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 def get_valid_jump_destinations(code: Bytes) -> Set[Uint]:
     """
-    Analyze the evm code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
+    Analyze the EVM code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
 
     Valid jump destinations are defined as follows:
         * The jump destination is less than the length of the code.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/blocks.py b/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/blocks.py
index b0b15081d8e..507546a8f9b 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/blocks.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/blocks.py
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ class Header:
 
     number: Uint
     """
-    Block number, (height) in the chain.
+    Block number (height) in the chain.
     """
 
     gas_limit: Uint
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ class Block:
     header: Header
     """
     The block header containing metadata and cryptographic commitments. Refer
-    [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
+    to [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
 
     [headers]: ref:ethereum.forks.spurious_dragon.blocks.Header
     """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/bloom.py b/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/bloom.py
index 8a12ec081dd..0e079df6b39 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/bloom.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/bloom.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-This modules defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
+This module defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
 general theory of bloom filters see e.g. `Wikipedia
 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_filter>`_. Bloom filters are used to allow
 for efficient searching of logs by address and/or topic, by rapidly
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/state.py b/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/state.py
index 2e21b4f8140..a0dd7d77ab8 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/state.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/state.py
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ def account_exists(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
 
 def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     """
-    Checks if an account has non zero nonce or non empty code.
+    Checks if an account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     Returns
     -------
     has_code_or_nonce : `bool`
-        True if the account has non zero nonce or non empty code,
+        True if the account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code,
         False otherwise.
 
     """
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ def set_account_balance(state: State, address: Address, amount: U256) -> None:
         Address of the account whose nonce needs to be incremented.
 
     amount:
-        The amount that needs to set in balance.
+        The amount that needs to be set in the balance.
 
     """
 
@@ -493,7 +493,7 @@ def touch_account(state: State, address: Address) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        The address of the account that need to initialised.
+        The address of the account that needs to be initialized.
 
     """
     if not account_exists(state, address):
@@ -530,7 +530,7 @@ def set_code(state: State, address: Address, code: Bytes) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        Address of the account whose code needs to be update.
+        Address of the account whose code needs to be updated.
 
     code:
         The bytecode that needs to be set.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/trie.py b/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/trie.py
index d603f5ee411..fce2ff05bfd 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/trie.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/trie.py
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ class BranchNode:
 def encode_internal_node(node: Optional[InternalNode]) -> Extended:
     """
     Encodes a Merkle Trie node into its RLP form. The RLP will then be
-    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less that 32 bytes
+    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less than 32 bytes
     when serialized.
 
     This function also accepts `None`, representing the absence of a node,
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/__init__.py
index 1e3c0b3767d..2ab52236b67 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/__init__.py
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ class BlockOutput:
     receipts_trie : `ethereum.fork_types.Root`
         Trie root of all the receipts in the block.
     receipt_keys :
-        Key of all the receipts in the block.
+        Keys of all the receipts in the block.
     block_logs : `Bloom`
         Logs bloom of all the logs included in all the transactions of the
         block.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/gas.py b/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/gas.py
index af0da82f6e1..9bc7122f91b 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/gas.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/gas.py
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ def calculate_message_call_gas(
         account inside a message call.
     call_stipend :
         The amount of stipend provided to a message call to execute code while
-        transferring value(ETH).
+        transferring value (ETH).
 
     Returns
     -------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py b/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
index de5d6ab43d5..b7b1a370ad4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def sub(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mul(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Multiply the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
+    Multiplies the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
     on the stack.
 
     Parameters
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ def signextend(evm: Evm) -> None:
         # Can't extend any further
         result = value
     else:
-        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead b'\x00'.
+        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead of b'\x00'.
         value_bytes = Bytes(value.to_be_bytes32())
         # Now among the obtained value bytes, consider only
         # N `least significant bytes`, where N is `byte_num + 1`.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/instructions/block.py b/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/instructions/block.py
index 8b50f1bc07f..0edcbf000d1 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/instructions/block.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/instructions/block.py
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ def coinbase(evm: Evm) -> None:
 def timestamp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Push the current block's timestamp onto the stack. Here the timestamp
-    being referred is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
+    being referred to is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
 
     Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
     executing transaction/call resides.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/instructions/memory.py b/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/instructions/memory.py
index fdd95188438..3a242ba2f7a 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/instructions/memory.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/instructions/memory.py
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def mstore8(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Load word from memory.
+    Loads a word from memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Push the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
+    Pushes the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/instructions/stack.py b/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/instructions/stack.py
index bdf232db6a8..0fc0d3fe4b5 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/instructions/stack.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/instructions/stack.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Remove item from stack.
+    Removes an item from the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
     """
-    Pushes a N-byte immediate onto the stack.
+    Pushes an N-byte immediate onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
 
 def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Duplicate the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
+    Duplicates the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
 
 def swap_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Swap the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
+    Swaps the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
     the top of the stack is position zero.
 
     If `item_number` is zero, this function does nothing (which should not be
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py b/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
index d2eeaf75df1..d8f6602e556 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the ECRECOVER precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `ECRECOVER` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py b/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
index 33412f4c283..1d44a6f2e37 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Mapping of precompiled contracts their implementations.
+Mapping of precompiled contracts to their implementations.
 """
 
 from typing import Callable, Dict
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/runtime.py b/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/runtime.py
index 505b3488de8..0aa5ddd5e20 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/runtime.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/spurious_dragon/vm/runtime.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 def get_valid_jump_destinations(code: Bytes) -> Set[Uint]:
     """
-    Analyze the evm code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
+    Analyze the EVM code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
 
     Valid jump destinations are defined as follows:
         * The jump destination is less than the length of the code.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/blocks.py b/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/blocks.py
index 310d2bfe3d1..664418b9f72 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/blocks.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/blocks.py
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ class Header:
 
     number: Uint
     """
-    Block number, (height) in the chain.
+    Block number (height) in the chain.
     """
 
     gas_limit: Uint
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ class Block:
     header: Header
     """
     The block header containing metadata and cryptographic commitments. Refer
-    [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
+    to [headers] for more details on the fields included in the header.
 
     [headers]: ref:ethereum.forks.tangerine_whistle.blocks.Header
     """
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/bloom.py b/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/bloom.py
index 8a12ec081dd..0e079df6b39 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/bloom.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/bloom.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-This modules defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
+This module defines functions for calculating bloom filters of logs. For the
 general theory of bloom filters see e.g. `Wikipedia
 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_filter>`_. Bloom filters are used to allow
 for efficient searching of logs by address and/or topic, by rapidly
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/state.py b/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/state.py
index 8fb03a07fe9..3b6255055d7 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/state.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/state.py
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ def account_exists(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
 
 def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     """
-    Checks if an account has non zero nonce or non empty code.
+    Checks if an account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ def account_has_code_or_nonce(state: State, address: Address) -> bool:
     Returns
     -------
     has_code_or_nonce : `bool`
-        True if the account has non zero nonce or non empty code,
+        True if the account has non-zero nonce or non-empty code,
         False otherwise.
 
     """
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ def set_account_balance(state: State, address: Address, amount: U256) -> None:
         Address of the account whose nonce needs to be incremented.
 
     amount:
-        The amount that needs to set in balance.
+        The amount that needs to be set in the balance.
 
     """
 
@@ -444,7 +444,7 @@ def touch_account(state: State, address: Address) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        The address of the account that need to initialised.
+        The address of the account that needs to be initialized.
 
     """
     if not account_exists(state, address):
@@ -481,7 +481,7 @@ def set_code(state: State, address: Address, code: Bytes) -> None:
         The current state.
 
     address:
-        Address of the account whose code needs to be update.
+        Address of the account whose code needs to be updated.
 
     code:
         The bytecode that needs to be set.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/trie.py b/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/trie.py
index 77d2c169835..a7580519410 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/trie.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/trie.py
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ class BranchNode:
 def encode_internal_node(node: Optional[InternalNode]) -> Extended:
     """
     Encodes a Merkle Trie node into its RLP form. The RLP will then be
-    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less that 32 bytes
+    serialized into a `Bytes` and hashed unless it is less than 32 bytes
     when serialized.
 
     This function also accepts `None`, representing the absence of a node,
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/__init__.py b/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/__init__.py
index 21585c758c5..e4739cebdef 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/__init__.py
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ class BlockOutput:
     receipts_trie : `ethereum.fork_types.Root`
         Trie root of all the receipts in the block.
     receipt_keys :
-        Key of all the receipts in the block.
+        Keys of all the receipts in the block.
     block_logs : `Bloom`
         Logs bloom of all the logs included in all the transactions of the
         block.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/gas.py b/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/gas.py
index b930942995b..0187f55d95b 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/gas.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/gas.py
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ def calculate_message_call_gas(
         account inside a message call.
     call_stipend :
         The amount of stipend provided to a message call to execute code while
-        transferring value(ETH).
+        transferring value (ETH).
 
     Returns
     -------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py b/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
index de5d6ab43d5..b7b1a370ad4 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/instructions/arithmetic.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def sub(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mul(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Multiply the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
+    Multiplies the top two elements of the stack, and pushes the result back
     on the stack.
 
     Parameters
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ def signextend(evm: Evm) -> None:
         # Can't extend any further
         result = value
     else:
-        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead b'\x00'.
+        # U256(0).to_be_bytes() gives b'' instead of b'\x00'.
         value_bytes = Bytes(value.to_be_bytes32())
         # Now among the obtained value bytes, consider only
         # N `least significant bytes`, where N is `byte_num + 1`.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/instructions/block.py b/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/instructions/block.py
index 8b50f1bc07f..0edcbf000d1 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/instructions/block.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/instructions/block.py
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ def coinbase(evm: Evm) -> None:
 def timestamp(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
     Push the current block's timestamp onto the stack. Here the timestamp
-    being referred is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
+    being referred to is actually the unix timestamp in seconds.
 
     Here the current block refers to the block in which the currently
     executing transaction/call resides.
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/instructions/memory.py b/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/instructions/memory.py
index fdd95188438..3a242ba2f7a 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/instructions/memory.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/instructions/memory.py
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def mstore8(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Load word from memory.
+    Loads a word from memory.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ def mload(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def msize(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Push the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
+    Pushes the size of active memory in bytes onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/instructions/stack.py b/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/instructions/stack.py
index bdf232db6a8..0fc0d3fe4b5 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/instructions/stack.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/instructions/stack.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
     """
-    Remove item from stack.
+    Removes an item from the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def pop(evm: Evm) -> None:
 
 def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
     """
-    Pushes a N-byte immediate onto the stack.
+    Pushes an N-byte immediate onto the stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ def push_n(evm: Evm, num_bytes: int) -> None:
 
 def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Duplicate the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
+    Duplicates the Nth stack item (from top of the stack) to the top of stack.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ def dup_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
 
 def swap_n(evm: Evm, item_number: int) -> None:
     """
-    Swap the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
+    Swaps the top and the `item_number` element of the stack, where
     the top of the stack is position zero.
 
     If `item_number` is zero, this function does nothing (which should not be
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py b/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
index d2eeaf75df1..d8f6602e556 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/precompiled_contracts/ecrecover.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Implementation of the ECRECOVER precompiled contract.
+Implementation of the `ECRECOVER` precompiled contract.
 """
 
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U256
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py b/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
index 33412f4c283..1d44a6f2e37 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/precompiled_contracts/mapping.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Mapping of precompiled contracts their implementations.
+Mapping of precompiled contracts to their implementations.
 """
 
 from typing import Callable, Dict
diff --git a/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/runtime.py b/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/runtime.py
index 505b3488de8..0aa5ddd5e20 100644
--- a/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/runtime.py
+++ b/src/ethereum/forks/tangerine_whistle/vm/runtime.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 def get_valid_jump_destinations(code: Bytes) -> Set[Uint]:
     """
-    Analyze the evm code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
+    Analyze the EVM code to obtain the set of valid jump destinations.
 
     Valid jump destinations are defined as follows:
         * The jump destination is less than the length of the code.
diff --git a/src/ethereum_spec_tools/docc.py b/src/ethereum_spec_tools/docc.py
index f99ef60777e..cc1623174aa 100644
--- a/src/ethereum_spec_tools/docc.py
+++ b/src/ethereum_spec_tools/docc.py
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ class FixIndexTransform(Transform):
     identifiers specific to the diff.
 
     Without fixing these identifiers, every Python class would be defined
-    multiples times (the actual definition and then again in each diff),
+    multiple times (the actual definition and then again in each diff),
     cluttering up tables of contents.
     """
 
diff --git a/src/ethereum_spec_tools/evm_tools/daemon.py b/src/ethereum_spec_tools/evm_tools/daemon.py
index 67ba3ede969..39268f04df2 100644
--- a/src/ethereum_spec_tools/evm_tools/daemon.py
+++ b/src/ethereum_spec_tools/evm_tools/daemon.py
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ def daemon_arguments(subparsers: argparse._SubParsersAction) -> None:
     parser.add_argument("--uds", help="Unix domain socket path")
     parser.add_argument(
         "--timeout",
-        help="Timeout to shutdown daemon if there are not requests"
+        help="Timeout to shutdown daemon if there are no requests"
         " (0 for no timeout)",
         type=int,
     )
diff --git a/src/ethereum_spec_tools/evm_tools/t8n/t8n_types.py b/src/ethereum_spec_tools/evm_tools/t8n/t8n_types.py
index c60c266965d..74b3ea2df6d 100644
--- a/src/ethereum_spec_tools/evm_tools/t8n/t8n_types.py
+++ b/src/ethereum_spec_tools/evm_tools/t8n/t8n_types.py
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ def __init__(self, t8n: "T8N", stdin: Optional[Dict] = None):
             with open(t8n.options.input_alloc, "r") as f:
                 data = json.load(f)
 
-        # The json_to_state functions expects the values to hex
+        # The json_to_state function expects the values to be hex
         # strings, so we convert them here.
         for address, account in data.items():
             for key, value in account.items():
diff --git a/src/ethereum_spec_tools/lint/__init__.py b/src/ethereum_spec_tools/lint/__init__.py
index edd8565f745..f3cc4ae45da 100644
--- a/src/ethereum_spec_tools/lint/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum_spec_tools/lint/__init__.py
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 
 def compare_ast(old: ast.AST, new: ast.AST) -> bool:
     """
-    Check if two nodes are the equal.
+    Checks if two nodes are equal.
     """
     if type(old) is not type(new):
         return False
diff --git a/src/ethereum_spec_tools/new_fork/builder.py b/src/ethereum_spec_tools/new_fork/builder.py
index cb625d214e8..05f875a923d 100644
--- a/src/ethereum_spec_tools/new_fork/builder.py
+++ b/src/ethereum_spec_tools/new_fork/builder.py
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ def _create_working_directory(self) -> TemporaryDirectory:
         """
         Create a temporary working directory so we don't end up in the state
         where this process ~~barfs~~ abnormally terminates and we leave a
-        half-modified fork directory laying around.
+        half-modified fork directory lying around.
         """
         output = self.new_fork_path.parent
         output.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)