diff --git a/op-service/txmgr/queue_test.go b/op-service/txmgr/queue_test.go
index 00219b913ad82..27dce154bcc81 100644
--- a/op-service/txmgr/queue_test.go
+++ b/op-service/txmgr/queue_test.go
@@ -63,6 +63,10 @@ func TestQueue_Send(t *testing.T) {
 		calls  []queueCall // calls to the queue
 		txs    []testTx    // txs to generate from the factory (and potentially error in send)
 		nonces []uint64    // expected sent tx nonces after all calls are made
+		// With Holocene, it is important that transactions are included on chain in the same order as they are sent.
+		// The txmgr.Queue.Send() method should ensure nonces are determined _synchronously_ even if transactions
+		// are otherwise launched asynchronously.
+		confirmedIds []uint // expected tx Ids after all calls are made
 	}{
 		{
 			name: "success",
@@ -75,7 +79,8 @@ func TestQueue_Send(t *testing.T) {
 				{},
 				{},
 			},
-			nonces: []uint64{0, 1},
+			nonces:       []uint64{0, 1},
+			confirmedIds: []uint{0, 1},
 		},
 		{
 			name: "no limit",
@@ -88,7 +93,8 @@ func TestQueue_Send(t *testing.T) {
 				{},
 				{},
 			},
-			nonces: []uint64{0, 1},
+			nonces:       []uint64{0, 1},
+			confirmedIds: []uint{0, 1},
 		},
 		{
 			name: "single threaded",
@@ -101,7 +107,8 @@ func TestQueue_Send(t *testing.T) {
 			txs: []testTx{
 				{},
 			},
-			nonces: []uint64{0},
+			nonces:       []uint64{0},
+			confirmedIds: []uint{0},
 		},
 		{
 			name: "single threaded blocking",
@@ -117,7 +124,8 @@ func TestQueue_Send(t *testing.T) {
 				{},
 				{},
 			},
-			nonces: []uint64{0, 1, 2},
+			nonces:       []uint64{0, 1, 2},
+			confirmedIds: []uint{0, 2, 3},
 		},
 		{
 			name: "dual threaded blocking",
@@ -137,7 +145,8 @@ func TestQueue_Send(t *testing.T) {
 				{},
 				{},
 			},
-			nonces: []uint64{0, 1, 2, 3, 4},
+			nonces:       []uint64{0, 1, 2, 3, 4},
+			confirmedIds: []uint{0, 1, 3, 4, 5},
 		},
 		{
 			name: "subsequent txs fail after tx failure",
@@ -152,7 +161,8 @@ func TestQueue_Send(t *testing.T) {
 				{sendErr: true},
 				{},
 			},
-			nonces: []uint64{0, 1},
+			nonces:       []uint64{0, 1},
+			confirmedIds: []uint{0},
 		},
 	}
 	for _, test := range testCases {
@@ -176,9 +186,11 @@ func TestQueue_Send(t *testing.T) {
 
 			// track the nonces, and return any expected errors from tx sending
 			var (
-				nonces  []uint64
-				nonceMu sync.Mutex
+				nonces       []uint64
+				nonceForTxId map[uint]uint64 // maps from txid to nonce
+				nonceMu      sync.Mutex
 			)
+			nonceForTxId = make(map[uint]uint64)
 			sendTx := func(ctx context.Context, tx *types.Transaction) error {
 				index := int(tx.Data()[0])
 				nonceMu.Lock()
@@ -191,8 +203,12 @@ func TestQueue_Send(t *testing.T) {
 				if testTx != nil && testTx.sendErr {
 					return core.ErrNonceTooLow
 				}
+
 				txHash := tx.Hash()
+				nonceMu.Lock()
 				backend.mine(&txHash, tx.GasFeeCap(), nil)
+				nonceForTxId[uint(index)] = tx.Nonce()
+				nonceMu.Unlock()
 				return nil
 			}
 			backend.setTxSender(sendTx)
@@ -209,15 +225,28 @@ func TestQueue_Send(t *testing.T) {
 					TxData: []byte{byte(i)},
 					To:     &common.Address{},
 				}
+				if i == 0 {
+					// Make the first tx much larger to expose
+					// any race conditions in the queue
+					candidate.TxData = make([]byte, 100_000)
+				}
 				receiptChs[i] = make(chan TxReceipt[int], 1)
 				queued := c.call(i, candidate, receiptChs[i], queue)
 				require.Equal(t, c.queued, queued, msg)
 			}
 			// wait for the queue to drain (all txs complete or failed)
 			_ = queue.Wait()
-			// check that the nonces match
+
+			// NOTE the backend in this test does not order transactions based on the nonce
+			// So what we want to check is that the txs match expectations when they are ordered
+			// in the same way as the nonces.
 			slices.Sort(nonces)
 			require.Equal(t, test.nonces, nonces, "expected nonces do not match")
+			for i, id := range test.confirmedIds {
+				require.Equal(t, nonces[i], nonceForTxId[id],
+					"nonce for tx id %d was %d instead of %d", id, nonceForTxId[id], nonces[i])
+			}
+
 			// check receipts
 			for i, c := range test.calls {
 				if !c.queued {