diff --git a/.github/workflows/test-suite.yml b/.github/workflows/test-suite.yml
index fac946039..14567a26e 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/test-suite.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test-suite.yml
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ jobs:
 
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        python-version: ["3.8", "3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13"]
+        python-version: ["3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13"]
 
     steps:
       - uses: "actions/checkout@v4"
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 0712fe5da..51acf7355 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ dynamic = ["version"]
 description = "The little ASGI library that shines."
 readme = "README.md"
 license = "BSD-3-Clause"
-requires-python = ">=3.8"
+requires-python = ">=3.9"
 authors = [{ name = "Tom Christie", email = "tom@tomchristie.com" }]
 classifiers = [
     "Development Status :: 3 - Alpha",
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ classifiers = [
     "License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License",
     "Operating System :: OS Independent",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3",
-    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
@@ -70,7 +69,7 @@ combine-as-imports = true
 [tool.mypy]
 strict = true
 ignore_missing_imports = true
-python_version = "3.8"
+python_version = "3.9"
 
 [[tool.mypy.overrides]]
 module = "starlette.testclient.*"
diff --git a/requirements.txt b/requirements.txt
index fc147263d..83c34fc9c 100644
--- a/requirements.txt
+++ b/requirements.txt
@@ -14,11 +14,10 @@ pytest==8.3.4
 trio==0.27.0
 
 # Documentation
-black==24.10.0; python_version >= "3.9"
+black==24.10.0
 mkdocs==1.6.1
 mkdocs-material==9.5.47
-mkdocstrings-python<1.12.0; python_version < "3.9"
-mkdocstrings-python==1.12.2; python_version >= "3.9"
+mkdocstrings-python==1.12.2
 
 # Packaging
 build==1.2.2.post1
diff --git a/starlette/_compat.py b/starlette/_compat.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 718bc9020..000000000
--- a/starlette/_compat.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-import hashlib
-
-# Compat wrapper to always include the `usedforsecurity=...` parameter,
-# which is only added from Python 3.9 onwards.
-# We use this flag to indicate that we use `md5` hashes only for non-security
-# cases (our ETag checksums).
-# If we don't indicate that we're using MD5 for non-security related reasons,
-# then attempting to use this function will raise an error when used
-# environments which enable a strict "FIPs mode".
-#
-# See issue: https://github.com/encode/starlette/issues/1365
-try:
-    # check if the Python version supports the parameter
-    # using usedforsecurity=False to avoid an exception on FIPS systems
-    # that reject usedforsecurity=True
-    hashlib.md5(b"data", usedforsecurity=False)  # type: ignore[call-arg]
-
-    def md5_hexdigest(data: bytes, *, usedforsecurity: bool = True) -> str:  # pragma: no cover
-        return hashlib.md5(  # type: ignore[call-arg]
-            data, usedforsecurity=usedforsecurity
-        ).hexdigest()
-
-except TypeError:  # pragma: no cover
-
-    def md5_hexdigest(data: bytes, *, usedforsecurity: bool = True) -> str:
-        return hashlib.md5(data).hexdigest()
diff --git a/starlette/_exception_handler.py b/starlette/_exception_handler.py
index baf6e2f50..72bc89d91 100644
--- a/starlette/_exception_handler.py
+++ b/starlette/_exception_handler.py
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@
 from starlette.types import ASGIApp, ExceptionHandler, Message, Receive, Scope, Send
 from starlette.websockets import WebSocket
 
-ExceptionHandlers = typing.Dict[typing.Any, ExceptionHandler]
-StatusHandlers = typing.Dict[int, ExceptionHandler]
+ExceptionHandlers = dict[typing.Any, ExceptionHandler]
+StatusHandlers = dict[int, ExceptionHandler]
 
 
 def _lookup_exception_handler(exc_handlers: ExceptionHandlers, exc: Exception) -> ExceptionHandler | None:
diff --git a/starlette/middleware/__init__.py b/starlette/middleware/__init__.py
index 5164e49e0..b99538a27 100644
--- a/starlette/middleware/__init__.py
+++ b/starlette/middleware/__init__.py
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import sys
-from typing import Any, Iterator, Protocol
+from collections.abc import Iterator
+from typing import Any, Protocol
 
 if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):  # pragma: no cover
     from typing import ParamSpec
diff --git a/starlette/responses.py b/starlette/responses.py
index c711dfa39..31874f655 100644
--- a/starlette/responses.py
+++ b/starlette/responses.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import hashlib
 import http.cookies
 import json
 import os
@@ -17,7 +18,6 @@
 import anyio
 import anyio.to_thread
 
-from starlette._compat import md5_hexdigest
 from starlette.background import BackgroundTask
 from starlette.concurrency import iterate_in_threadpool
 from starlette.datastructures import URL, Headers, MutableHeaders
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ def set_stat_headers(self, stat_result: os.stat_result) -> None:
         content_length = str(stat_result.st_size)
         last_modified = formatdate(stat_result.st_mtime, usegmt=True)
         etag_base = str(stat_result.st_mtime) + "-" + str(stat_result.st_size)
-        etag = f'"{md5_hexdigest(etag_base.encode(), usedforsecurity=False)}"'
+        etag = f'"{hashlib.md5(etag_base.encode(), usedforsecurity=False).hexdigest()}"'
 
         self.headers.setdefault("content-length", content_length)
         self.headers.setdefault("last-modified", last_modified)
diff --git a/tests/middleware/test_base.py b/tests/middleware/test_base.py
index 449624e2f..7232cfd18 100644
--- a/tests/middleware/test_base.py
+++ b/tests/middleware/test_base.py
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import contextvars
+from collections.abc import AsyncGenerator, AsyncIterator, Generator
 from contextlib import AsyncExitStack
-from typing import Any, AsyncGenerator, AsyncIterator, Generator
+from typing import Any
 
 import anyio
 import pytest
diff --git a/tests/middleware/test_wsgi.py b/tests/middleware/test_wsgi.py
index e4ac66ab4..3511c89c9 100644
--- a/tests/middleware/test_wsgi.py
+++ b/tests/middleware/test_wsgi.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import sys
-from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Iterable
+from collections.abc import Iterable
+from typing import Any, Callable
 
 import pytest
 
@@ -9,7 +10,7 @@
 
 WSGIResponse = Iterable[bytes]
 StartResponse = Callable[..., Any]
-Environment = Dict[str, Any]
+Environment = dict[str, Any]
 
 
 def hello_world(
diff --git a/tests/test_applications.py b/tests/test_applications.py
index db2a6050b..310eef6b4 100644
--- a/tests/test_applications.py
+++ b/tests/test_applications.py
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import os
+from collections.abc import AsyncGenerator, AsyncIterator, Generator
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import AsyncGenerator, AsyncIterator, Callable, Generator
+from typing import Callable
 
 import anyio.from_thread
 import pytest
diff --git a/tests/test_authentication.py b/tests/test_authentication.py
index 40886cd23..ddd2ad805 100644
--- a/tests/test_authentication.py
+++ b/tests/test_authentication.py
@@ -2,19 +2,14 @@
 
 import base64
 import binascii
-from typing import Any, Awaitable, Callable
+from collections.abc import Awaitable
+from typing import Any, Callable
 from urllib.parse import urlencode
 
 import pytest
 
 from starlette.applications import Starlette
-from starlette.authentication import (
-    AuthCredentials,
-    AuthenticationBackend,
-    AuthenticationError,
-    SimpleUser,
-    requires,
-)
+from starlette.authentication import AuthCredentials, AuthenticationBackend, AuthenticationError, SimpleUser, requires
 from starlette.endpoints import HTTPEndpoint
 from starlette.middleware import Middleware
 from starlette.middleware.authentication import AuthenticationMiddleware
diff --git a/tests/test_concurrency.py b/tests/test_concurrency.py
index 380eb9ef2..d620984c1 100644
--- a/tests/test_concurrency.py
+++ b/tests/test_concurrency.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
+from collections.abc import Iterator
 from contextvars import ContextVar
-from typing import Iterator
 
 import anyio
 import pytest
diff --git a/tests/test_convertors.py b/tests/test_convertors.py
index 0fabe101b..d8430c672 100644
--- a/tests/test_convertors.py
+++ b/tests/test_convertors.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
+from collections.abc import Iterator
 from datetime import datetime
-from typing import Iterator
 from uuid import UUID
 
 import pytest
diff --git a/tests/test_endpoints.py b/tests/test_endpoints.py
index 42776a5b3..76163873c 100644
--- a/tests/test_endpoints.py
+++ b/tests/test_endpoints.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from typing import Iterator
+from collections.abc import Iterator
 
 import pytest
 
diff --git a/tests/test_exceptions.py b/tests/test_exceptions.py
index ffc8883b3..ff2913254 100644
--- a/tests/test_exceptions.py
+++ b/tests/test_exceptions.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import warnings
-from typing import Generator
+from collections.abc import Generator
 
 import pytest
 
diff --git a/tests/test_formparsers.py b/tests/test_formparsers.py
index f781a9ecb..70beebc3f 100644
--- a/tests/test_formparsers.py
+++ b/tests/test_formparsers.py
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 from tests.types import TestClientFactory
 
 
-class ForceMultipartDict(typing.Dict[typing.Any, typing.Any]):
+class ForceMultipartDict(dict[typing.Any, typing.Any]):
     def __bool__(self) -> bool:
         return True
 
diff --git a/tests/test_requests.py b/tests/test_requests.py
index 665dceb87..7e2c608dc 100644
--- a/tests/test_requests.py
+++ b/tests/test_requests.py
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import sys
-from typing import Any, Iterator
+from collections.abc import Iterator
+from typing import Any
 
 import anyio
 import pytest
diff --git a/tests/test_responses.py b/tests/test_responses.py
index 28f2feb2d..d5ed83499 100644
--- a/tests/test_responses.py
+++ b/tests/test_responses.py
@@ -2,9 +2,10 @@
 
 import datetime as dt
 import time
+from collections.abc import AsyncGenerator, AsyncIterator, Iterator
 from http.cookies import SimpleCookie
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any, AsyncGenerator, AsyncIterator, Iterator
+from typing import Any
 
 import anyio
 import pytest
diff --git a/tests/test_testclient.py b/tests/test_testclient.py
index 279b81d91..58ab6f6f2 100644
--- a/tests/test_testclient.py
+++ b/tests/test_testclient.py
@@ -3,8 +3,9 @@
 import itertools
 import sys
 from asyncio import Task, current_task as asyncio_current_task
+from collections.abc import AsyncGenerator
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
-from typing import Any, AsyncGenerator
+from typing import Any
 
 import anyio
 import anyio.lowlevel
diff --git a/tests/test_websockets.py b/tests/test_websockets.py
index 8ecf6304c..e76d8f29b 100644
--- a/tests/test_websockets.py
+++ b/tests/test_websockets.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import sys
-from typing import Any, MutableMapping
+from collections.abc import MutableMapping
+from typing import Any
 
 import anyio
 import pytest