diff --git a/src/platform/packages/shared/kbn-lens-embeddable-utils/config_builder/schema/charts/xy.ts b/src/platform/packages/shared/kbn-lens-embeddable-utils/config_builder/schema/charts/xy.ts
index 772179dee7359..c037907eaed72 100644
--- a/src/platform/packages/shared/kbn-lens-embeddable-utils/config_builder/schema/charts/xy.ts
+++ b/src/platform/packages/shared/kbn-lens-embeddable-utils/config_builder/schema/charts/xy.ts
@@ -410,7 +410,14 @@ const xyDataLayerSchemaESQL = schema.object(
     ...layerSettingsSchema,
     ...datasetEsqlTableSchema,
     ...xyDataLayerSharedSchema,
-    breakdown_by: schema.maybe(esqlColumnSchema),
+    breakdown_by: schema.maybe(
+      esqlColumnSchema.extends(
+        {
+          color: schema.maybe(colorMappingSchema),
+        },
+        { meta: { description: 'ES|QL column for breakdown with optional color mapping' } }
+      )
+    ),
     y: schema.arrayOf(
       esqlColumnSchema.extends(
         {
diff --git a/src/platform/packages/shared/kbn-lens-embeddable-utils/config_builder/tests/xy/esqlXY.mock.ts b/src/platform/packages/shared/kbn-lens-embeddable-utils/config_builder/tests/xy/esqlXY.mock.ts
index 6dd5fd93dd649..ae269dd10839e 100644
--- a/src/platform/packages/shared/kbn-lens-embeddable-utils/config_builder/tests/xy/esqlXY.mock.ts
+++ b/src/platform/packages/shared/kbn-lens-embeddable-utils/config_builder/tests/xy/esqlXY.mock.ts
@@ -7,8 +7,11 @@
  * License v3.0 only", or the "Server Side Public License, v 1".
  */
 
+import type { XYDataLayerConfig } from '@kbn/lens-common';
 import type { LensAttributes } from '../../types';
 
+const LAYER_ID = 'c2eacea8-91d4-4372-a82d-8760979ff893';
+
 export const esqlChart: LensAttributes = {
   title: 'Bar vertical stacked',
   references: [],
@@ -129,3 +132,69 @@ export const esqlChart: LensAttributes = {
   visualizationType: 'lnsXY',
   version: 2,
 };
+
+/**
+ * Derives from esqlChart, adding a breakdown column (category) with colorMapping assignments
+ */
+export const esqlChartWithBreakdownColorMapping: LensAttributes = {
+  ...esqlChart,
+  title: 'ES|QL bar with breakdown color mapping',
+  state: {
+    ...esqlChart.state,
+    datasourceStates: {
+      textBased: {
+        layers: {
+          [LAYER_ID]: {
+            ...esqlChart.state.datasourceStates.textBased!.layers[LAYER_ID],
+            query: {
+              esql: 'FROM kibana_sample_data_ecommerce \n| EVAL buckets = DATE_TRUNC(12 hours, order_date)  | STATS count = COUNT(*) BY buckets, category',
+            },
+            columns: [
+              ...esqlChart.state.datasourceStates.textBased!.layers[LAYER_ID].columns,
+              {
+                columnId: 'category',
+                fieldName: 'category',
+                label: 'category',
+                customLabel: false,
+                meta: {
+                  type: 'string',
+                  esType: 'keyword',
+                },
+              },
+            ],
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    },
+    query: {
+      esql: 'FROM kibana_sample_data_ecommerce \n| EVAL buckets = DATE_TRUNC(12 hours, order_date)  | STATS count = COUNT(*) BY buckets, category',
+    },
+    visualization: {
+      ...(esqlChart.state.visualization as Record<string, unknown>),
+      layers: [
+        {
+          ...(esqlChart.state.visualization as { layers: XYDataLayerConfig[] }).layers[0],
+          splitAccessors: ['category'],
+          colorMapping: {
+            assignments: [
+              {
+                rules: [{ type: 'raw', value: 'Clothing' }],
+                color: { type: 'colorCode', colorCode: '#ff0000' },
+                touched: false,
+              },
+            ],
+            specialAssignments: [
+              {
+                rules: [{ type: 'other' }],
+                color: { type: 'loop' },
+                touched: false,
+              },
+            ],
+            paletteId: 'default',
+            colorMode: { type: 'categorical' },
+          },
+        },
+      ],
+    },
+  },
+};
diff --git a/src/platform/packages/shared/kbn-lens-embeddable-utils/config_builder/tests/xy/xy.test.ts b/src/platform/packages/shared/kbn-lens-embeddable-utils/config_builder/tests/xy/xy.test.ts
index 5ad284177d06c..b0fc27fc386a3 100644
--- a/src/platform/packages/shared/kbn-lens-embeddable-utils/config_builder/tests/xy/xy.test.ts
+++ b/src/platform/packages/shared/kbn-lens-embeddable-utils/config_builder/tests/xy/xy.test.ts
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import {
 } from './basicXY.mock';
 import { dualReferenceLineXY, referenceLineXY } from './referenceLines.mock';
 import { annotationXY } from './annotations.mock';
-import { esqlChart } from './esqlXY.mock';
+import { esqlChart, esqlChartWithBreakdownColorMapping } from './esqlXY.mock';
 
 function setSeriesType(attributes: LensAttributes, seriesType: 'bar' | 'line' | 'area') {
   return {
@@ -110,6 +110,12 @@ describe('XY', () => {
           validateConverter(setSeriesType(esqlChart, type), xyStateSchema);
         });
       }
+
+      for (const type of ['bar', 'line', 'area'] as const) {
+        it(`should work for an ES|QL ${type} chart with breakdown and color mapping`, () => {
+          validateConverter(setSeriesType(esqlChartWithBreakdownColorMapping, type), xyStateSchema);
+        });
+      }
     });
   });
   describe('API => Lens State SO format', () => {
@@ -173,6 +179,46 @@ describe('XY', () => {
       );
     });
 
+    it.each(anyType)(
+      'should work for ES|QL mode for %s chart with breakdown and categorical color mapping',
+      (type) => {
+        validateAPIConverter(
+          {
+            type: 'xy',
+            title: `${type} Chart with Color Mapping`,
+            layers: [
+              {
+                dataset: {
+                  type: 'esql',
+                  query:
+                    'FROM kibana_sample_data | STATS count = count() BY category, buckets = BUCKET(3 hours, order_date)',
+                },
+                type,
+                ignore_global_filters: false,
+                sampling: 1,
+                x: { operation: 'value', column: 'buckets' },
+                y: [{ operation: 'value', column: 'count' }],
+                breakdown_by: {
+                  operation: 'value',
+                  column: 'category',
+                  color: {
+                    mode: 'categorical',
+                    palette: 'default',
+                    mapping: [
+                      {
+                        values: ['Clothing'],
+                        color: { type: 'colorCode', value: '#ff0000' },
+                      },
+                    ],
+                  },
+                },
+              },
+            ],
+          },
+          xyStateSchema
+        );
+      }
+    );
     it.each(anyType.map((type) => anyType.map((anotherType) => [type, anotherType])).flat(1))(
       'should handle multiple metric in multiple layers %s + %s with reference lines and annotations with mixed datasets',
       (type1, type2) => {
diff --git a/src/platform/packages/shared/kbn-lens-embeddable-utils/config_builder/transforms/charts/xy/api_layers.ts b/src/platform/packages/shared/kbn-lens-embeddable-utils/config_builder/transforms/charts/xy/api_layers.ts
index 4085fc76cf1c0..f1fb6459489bd 100644
--- a/src/platform/packages/shared/kbn-lens-embeddable-utils/config_builder/transforms/charts/xy/api_layers.ts
+++ b/src/platform/packages/shared/kbn-lens-embeddable-utils/config_builder/transforms/charts/xy/api_layers.ts
@@ -150,7 +150,12 @@ function convertDataLayerToAPI(
     y: y || [],
     ...(breakdown_by
       ? {
-          breakdown_by,
+          breakdown_by: {
+            ...breakdown_by,
+            ...(visualization.colorMapping
+              ? { color: fromColorMappingLensStateToAPI(visualization.colorMapping) }
+              : {}),
+          },
         }
       : {}),
   };