diff --git a/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/aeroelastic_kibana.js b/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/aeroelastic_kibana.js
index 9e00538ab37d8..6436e2402d417 100644
--- a/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/aeroelastic_kibana.js
+++ b/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/aeroelastic_kibana.js
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the Elastic License.
  */
 
+import { i18n } from '@kbn/i18n';
 import aero from './aeroelastic';
 
 const stores = new Map();
@@ -35,7 +36,14 @@ export const aeroelastic = {
 
   getStore(page) {
     const store = stores.get(page);
-    if (!store) throw new Error('An aeroelastic store should exist for page ' + page);
+    if (!store) {
+      throw new Error(
+        i18n.translate('xpack.canvas.aeroelasticKibana.storeDoesNotExistForPageErrorMessage', {
+          defaultMessage: 'An aeroelastic store should exist for page {page}',
+          values: { page },
+        })
+      );
+    }
 
     return store.getCurrentState();
   },
diff --git a/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/arg_helpers.js b/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/arg_helpers.js
index e53e26b62dd15..06a2f30b70049 100644
--- a/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/arg_helpers.js
+++ b/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/arg_helpers.js
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
  */
 
 import { includes } from 'lodash';
+import { i18n } from '@kbn/i18n';
 import { getType } from '../../common/lib/get_type';
 
 /*
@@ -17,7 +18,13 @@ import { getType } from '../../common/lib/get_type';
 // TODO: With the removal of objectified literals in the AST I don't think we need this anymore.
 
 const allowedTypes = ['string', 'number', 'boolean'];
-const badType = () => new Error(`Arg setting helpers only support ${allowedTypes.join(',')}`);
+const badType = () =>
+  new Error(
+    i18n.translate('xpack.canvas.argHelpers.allowedTypesErrorMessage', {
+      defaultMessage: 'Arg setting helpers only support {allowedTypes}',
+      values: { allowedTypes: allowedTypes.join(',') },
+    })
+  );
 
 const isAllowed = type => includes(allowedTypes, type);
 
diff --git a/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/element.js b/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/element.js
index f2ebe9af8702b..077105f04b00f 100644
--- a/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/element.js
+++ b/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/element.js
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the Elastic License.
  */
 
+import { i18n } from '@kbn/i18n';
 import defaultHeader from './default_header.png';
 
 export function Element(config) {
@@ -19,7 +20,13 @@ export function Element(config) {
   // A sentence or few about what this element does
   this.help = config.help;
 
-  if (!config.expression) throw new Error('Element types must have a default expression');
+  if (!config.expression) {
+    throw new Error(
+      i18n.translate('xpack.canvas.element.elementTypesDefaultExpressionErrorMessage', {
+        defaultMessage: 'Element types must have a default expression',
+      })
+    );
+  }
   this.expression = config.expression;
   this.filter = config.filter;
   this.width = config.width || 500;
diff --git a/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/es_service.js b/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/es_service.js
index 879bf69624819..e4d2b2c9db541 100644
--- a/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/es_service.js
+++ b/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/es_service.js
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
  */
 
 import chrome from 'ui/chrome';
+import { i18n } from '@kbn/i18n';
 import { API_ROUTE } from '../../common/lib/constants';
 import { fetch } from '../../common/lib/fetch';
 import { notify } from './notify';
@@ -21,7 +22,12 @@ export const getFields = (index = '_all') => {
         .sort()
     )
     .catch(err =>
-      notify.error(err, { title: `Couldn't fetch Elasticsearch fields for '${index}'` })
+      notify.error(err, {
+        title: i18n.translate('xpack.canvas.esService.fetchElasticsearchFieldsErrorMessageTitle', {
+          defaultMessage: "Couldn't fetch Elasticsearch fields for '{index}'",
+          values: { index },
+        }),
+      })
     );
 };
 
@@ -29,5 +35,11 @@ export const getIndices = () => {
   return fetch
     .get(`${apiPath}/es_indices`)
     .then(({ data: indices }) => indices)
-    .catch(err => notify.error(err, { title: `Couldn't fetch Elasticsearch indices` }));
+    .catch(err =>
+      notify.error(err, {
+        title: i18n.translate('xpack.canvas.esService.fetchElasticsearchIndicesErrorMessageTitle', {
+          defaultMessage: "Couldn't fetch Elasticsearch indices",
+        }),
+      })
+    );
 };
diff --git a/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/find_expression_type.js b/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/find_expression_type.js
index c70a1ec719fe8..c2d3a009bdde1 100644
--- a/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/find_expression_type.js
+++ b/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/find_expression_type.js
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the Elastic License.
  */
 
+import { i18n } from '@kbn/i18n';
 import { datasourceRegistry } from '../expression_types/datasource';
 import { transformRegistry } from '../expression_types/transform';
 import { modelRegistry } from '../expression_types/model';
@@ -36,6 +37,16 @@ export function findExpressionType(name, type) {
     }
   }, []);
 
-  if (matches.length > 1) throw new Error(`Found multiple expressions with name "${name}"`);
+  if (matches.length > 1) {
+    throw new Error(
+      i18n.translate(
+        'xpack.canvas.findExpressionType.multipleExpressionWithTheSameNameErrorMessage',
+        {
+          defaultMessage: 'Found multiple expressions with name "{name}"',
+          values: { name },
+        }
+      )
+    );
+  }
   return matches[0] || null;
 }
diff --git a/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/history_provider.js b/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/history_provider.js
index 9b7f907ceeedf..49e58e896957d 100644
--- a/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/history_provider.js
+++ b/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/history_provider.js
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 
 import chrome from 'ui/chrome';
 import lzString from 'lz-string';
+import { i18n } from '@kbn/i18n';
 import { createBrowserHistory, createMemoryHistory, parsePath, createPath } from 'history';
 import { get } from 'lodash';
 import { APP_ROUTE } from '../../common/lib/constants';
@@ -52,7 +53,12 @@ function wrapHistoryInstance(history) {
         const stateJSON = JSON.stringify(state);
         return lzString.compress(stateJSON);
       } catch (e) {
-        throw new Error('Could not encode state: ', e.message);
+        throw new Error(
+          i18n.translate('xpack.canvas.historyProvider.encodeStateErrorMessage', {
+            defaultMessage: 'Could not encode state: {errorMessage}',
+            values: { errorMessage: e.message },
+          })
+        );
       }
     },
 
diff --git a/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/legend_options.js b/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/legend_options.js
index 0b72f164c6dc3..c732199a94295 100644
--- a/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/legend_options.js
+++ b/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/legend_options.js
@@ -4,25 +4,37 @@
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the Elastic License.
  */
 
+import { i18n } from '@kbn/i18n';
+
 export const legendOptions = [
   {
-    name: 'Hidden',
+    name: i18n.translate('xpack.canvas.legendOptions.hiddenNameText', {
+      defaultMessage: 'Hidden',
+    }),
     value: false,
   },
   {
-    name: 'Top Left',
+    name: i18n.translate('xpack.canvas.legendOptions.topLeftNameText', {
+      defaultMessage: 'Top Left',
+    }),
     value: 'nw',
   },
   {
-    name: 'Top Right',
+    name: i18n.translate('xpack.canvas.legendOptions.topRightNameText', {
+      defaultMessage: 'Top Right',
+    }),
     value: 'ne',
   },
   {
-    name: 'Bottom Left',
+    name: i18n.translate('xpack.canvas.legendOptions.bottomLeftNameText', {
+      defaultMessage: 'Bottom Left',
+    }),
     value: 'sw',
   },
   {
-    name: 'Bottom Right',
+    name: i18n.translate('xpack.canvas.legendOptions.bottomRightNameText', {
+      defaultMessage: 'Bottom Right',
+    }),
     value: 'se',
   },
 ];
diff --git a/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/parse_single_function_chain.js b/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/parse_single_function_chain.js
index f8eec880af624..0fbfb04efba9b 100644
--- a/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/parse_single_function_chain.js
+++ b/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/parse_single_function_chain.js
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
  */
 
 import { get, mapValues, map } from 'lodash';
+import { i18n } from '@kbn/i18n';
 import { fromExpression } from '../../common/lib/ast';
 
 export function parseSingleFunctionChain(filterString) {
@@ -13,7 +14,16 @@ export function parseSingleFunctionChain(filterString) {
   // Check if the current column is what we expect it to be. If the user changes column this will be called again,
   // but we don't want to run setFilter() unless we have to because it will cause a data refresh
   const name = get(ast, 'chain[0].function');
-  if (!name) throw new Error('Could not find function name in chain');
+  if (!name) {
+    throw new Error(
+      i18n.translate(
+        'xpack.canvas.parseSingleFunctionChain.functionNameInChainNotFindErrorMessage',
+        {
+          defaultMessage: 'Could not find function name in chain',
+        }
+      )
+    );
+  }
 
   const args = mapValues(get(ast, 'chain[0].arguments'), val => {
     // TODO Check for literals only
diff --git a/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/router_provider.js b/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/router_provider.js
index eac87fd51a2a7..33a143cb47e3d 100644
--- a/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/router_provider.js
+++ b/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/router_provider.js
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
  */
 
 import createRouter from '@scant/router';
+import { i18n } from '@kbn/i18n';
 import { getWindow } from './get_window';
 import { historyProvider } from './history_provider';
 
@@ -51,8 +52,16 @@ export function routerProvider(routes) {
       updateLocation(name, params, state, true);
     },
     onPathChange(fn) {
-      if (componentListener != null)
-        throw new Error('Only one route component listener is allowed');
+      if (componentListener != null) {
+        throw new Error(
+          i18n.translate(
+            'xpack.canvas.routerProvider.multipleRouteComponentListenersErrorMessage',
+            {
+              defaultMessage: 'Only one route component listener is allowed',
+            }
+          )
+        );
+      }
 
       const execOnMatch = location => {
         const { pathname } = location;
diff --git a/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/run_interpreter.js b/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/run_interpreter.js
index cc0d9a7544786..6b9f1465f5961 100644
--- a/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/run_interpreter.js
+++ b/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/run_interpreter.js
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the Elastic License.
  */
 
+import { i18n } from '@kbn/i18n';
 import { fromExpression } from '../../common/lib/ast';
 import { getType } from '../../common/lib/get_type';
 import { interpretAst } from './interpreter';
@@ -30,7 +31,12 @@ export function runInterpreter(ast, context = null, options = {}) {
         });
       }
 
-      return new Error(`Ack! I don't know how to render a '${getType(renderable)}'`);
+      return new Error(
+        i18n.translate('xpack.canvas.runInterpreter.unknownTypeForRenderErrorMessage', {
+          defaultMessage: "Unknown type '{getType}' for render",
+          values: { getType: getType(renderable) },
+        })
+      );
     })
     .catch(err => {
       notify.error(err);
diff --git a/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/window_error_handler.js b/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/window_error_handler.js
index b0b1c14a336d6..c2ef70670d0ee 100644
--- a/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/window_error_handler.js
+++ b/x-pack/plugins/canvas/public/lib/window_error_handler.js
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the Elastic License.
  */
 
+import { i18n } from '@kbn/i18n';
 import * as knownErrors from '../../common/lib/errors';
 
 const oldHandler = window.onerror;
@@ -21,10 +22,21 @@ function showError(err) {
   };
   notice.appendChild(close);
 
-  notice.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', '<h3>Uncaught error swallowed in dev mode</h3>');
+  const uncaughtErrorMessage = i18n.translate(
+    'xpack.canvas.windowErrorHandler.uncaughtErrorIgnoredInDevModeMessage',
+    {
+      defaultMessage: 'Uncaught error ignored in dev mode',
+    }
+  );
+
+  // eslint-disable-next-line no-unsanitized/method
+  notice.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', `<h3>${uncaughtErrorMessage}</h3>`);
 
   const message = document.createElement('p');
-  message.textContent = `Error: ${err.message}`;
+  message.textContent = i18n.translate('xpack.canvas.windowErrorHandler.errorMessage', {
+    defaultMessage: 'Error: {errorMessage}',
+    values: { errorMessage: err.message },
+  });
   notice.appendChild(message);
 
   if (err.stack) {
@@ -37,7 +49,15 @@ function showError(err) {
     notice.appendChild(stack);
   }
 
-  notice.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', `<p>Check console for more information</p>`);
+  const checkConsoleMessage = i18n.translate(
+    'xpack.canvas.windowErrorHandler.checkConsoleMessage',
+    {
+      defaultMessage: 'Check console for more information',
+    }
+  );
+
+  // eslint-disable-next-line no-unsanitized/method
+  notice.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', `<p>${checkConsoleMessage}</p>`);
   body.appendChild(notice);
 }