Original comment by @gingerwizard:
Query as follows:
SELECT respondent_id, applicant_income_000s/loan_amount_000s AS income_to_earnings_ratio FROM mortgages WHERE income_to_earnings_ratio > 1 ORDER BY income_to_earnings_ratio
The WHERE clauses here uses an alias. The query complains the income_to_earnings_ratio cannot be found i.e.
Found 1 problem(s)
line 1:101: Unknown column [income_to_earnings_ratio]
This is inconsistent with our ability to use aliases in GROUP BY and ORDER BY. Repeating the expression in the WHERE works.