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standards_list.theory.txt
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standards_list.theory.txt
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STANDARDS_LIST
/=+===============================+=\
/ : : \
)==: GENERAL :==(
\ :_______________________________: /
\=+===============================+=/
WSC (World Standards Cooperation):
- ISO + IEC + ITU
ISO (International Organization for Standardization):
- about everything, but ISO/IEC JTC1 for IT: MPEG, UCS charset, pascal, basic, SQL, C, C++, BNF, PNG, C#, CommonLogic
- some standard from other bodies get standardized by ISO, e.g. OpenDocument, HTML, JavaScript
- UN agency, elected by countries
- protected by copyright, except ISO/IEC
ANSI (American National Standards Institute):
- for everything, including: Fortran, ASCII, Cobol, C
- US standards adminstration
/=+===============================+=\
/ : : \
)==: INTERNET :==(
\ :_______________________________: /
\=+===============================+=/
W3C (World Wide Web Consortium):
- for internet, except protocols: HTML, CSS, DOM, Web APIs, SVG, XML, SOAP
- maturity level:
- Editor draft: individual submission
- Working draft: where most of changes are done
- Candidate recommendation: implementations are done
- Proposed recommendation: only look for small errata
- w3c recommendation: no more changes
- paid membership requiring approval, global
WHATWG (Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group):
- W3C fork, due to HTML5 vs XHTML war
- work on HTM, DOM, Web APIs, URLs, web charset
- browser vendors, invitation-only
IETF/IRTF (Internet Engineering/Research Task Force):
- for internet protocols/formats, except data layer
- IRTF is long-term research, where IETF does RFCs
- IAB is parent committee, itself part of the Internet society
- through paid mailing list
- delivers RFCs, with types:
- Unknown
- Historic: old RFCs
- Best current practice: not actual code
- Experimental: individual submissions
- Informational: will not become standard
- Standards Track: standard, with levels:
- Internet Draft
- Request for Comments: where most of changes done
- Draft Standard: implementations are done
- Proposed Standard: only look for small errata
- Internet Standard: no more changes
ICANN/IANA (Internet Corporation For Assigned Names and Numbers / Internet Assigned Numbers Authority):
- for DNS (including TLDs and root name servers), IP address space, protocol-related constants/names
- ICANN is the organization itself, IANA the register
- US administration agency, although trying to internationalize
/=+===============================+=\
/ : : \
)==: ELECTRONIC/IT :==(
\ :_______________________________: /
\=+===============================+=/
IEC (International Electronical Commission):
- formats and protocols for electronic/electrical
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers):
- formats and protocols for electronic/electrical/IT/medical/transportation/aerospace
- includes IT data layer protocols, formats and programming languages
- electronic/electrical association organizing also conferences, journals
- paid membership for people with right educational/work background
Ecma International (originally from European Computer Manufacturers Association):
- for JavaScript, JSON, Dart, C#, CLI, Eiffel, BASIC, CD-ROM, floppy disk, Universal 3D, Office Open XML, FAT filesystem, many charsets, CRC
- originally european computer companies association
NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology):
- for technology standard including: crypto-related (DES, AES)
- technology standards US administration
- controversies of NSA involvement in crypto standards
FIPS (Federal Information Processing Standard):
- US government IT standards, often coming from other organizations like IEEE, ANSI or ISO
- e.g. crypto (DES, AES)
/=+===============================+=\
/ : : \
)==: TELECOMMUNICATIONS :==(
\ :_______________________________: /
\=+===============================+=/
ITU (International Telecommunication Union):
- for media formats (JPEG, MPEG), protocols (Fax), VoIP, PKI, SS7, DSL
- association for telecommunications
- UN agency, elected by countries
OMA (Open Mobile Alliance):
- for phone telecommunication, mostly protocols: WAP, MMS
- software/mobile/phone companies members
/=+===============================+=\
/ : : \
)==: NOT ELECTRONIC :==(
\ :_______________________________: /
\=+===============================+=/
NISO (National Information Standards Organization):
- for publishing/books
- US-based with companies members
/=+===============================+=\
/ : : \
)==: SPECIFIC TECHNOLOGIES :==(
\ :_______________________________: /
\=+===============================+=/
Open group:
- for UNIX/POSIX
- software companies members
OASIS (Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards):
- for XML-related technologies: SGML, AMQP, OpenDocument, SAML, XDI
- IT companies members
- some controversies about potential non-patent-free standards
Unicode consortium:
- for Unicode
- IT companies members