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README.html
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="application/xhtml+xml; charset=UTF-8" />
<meta name="generator" content="AsciiDoc 8.6.9" />
<title>pre_prepare</title>
<style type="text/css">
/* Shared CSS for AsciiDoc xhtml11 and html5 backends */
/* Default font. */
body {
font-family: Georgia,serif;
}
/* Title font. */
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6,
div.title, caption.title,
thead, p.table.header,
#toctitle,
#author, #revnumber, #revdate, #revremark,
#footer {
font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;
}
body {
margin: 1em 5% 1em 5%;
}
a {
color: blue;
text-decoration: underline;
}
a:visited {
color: fuchsia;
}
em {
font-style: italic;
color: navy;
}
strong {
font-weight: bold;
color: #083194;
}
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
color: #527bbd;
margin-top: 1.2em;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
line-height: 1.3;
}
h1, h2, h3 {
border-bottom: 2px solid silver;
}
h2 {
padding-top: 0.5em;
}
h3 {
float: left;
}
h3 + * {
clear: left;
}
h5 {
font-size: 1.0em;
}
div.sectionbody {
margin-left: 0;
}
hr {
border: 1px solid silver;
}
p {
margin-top: 0.5em;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
}
ul, ol, li > p {
margin-top: 0;
}
ul > li { color: #aaa; }
ul > li > * { color: black; }
.monospaced, code, pre {
font-family: "Courier New", Courier, monospace;
font-size: inherit;
color: navy;
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
pre {
white-space: pre-wrap;
}
#author {
color: #527bbd;
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 1.1em;
}
#email {
}
#revnumber, #revdate, #revremark {
}
#footer {
font-size: small;
border-top: 2px solid silver;
padding-top: 0.5em;
margin-top: 4.0em;
}
#footer-text {
float: left;
padding-bottom: 0.5em;
}
#footer-badges {
float: right;
padding-bottom: 0.5em;
}
#preamble {
margin-top: 1.5em;
margin-bottom: 1.5em;
}
div.imageblock, div.exampleblock, div.verseblock,
div.quoteblock, div.literalblock, div.listingblock, div.sidebarblock,
div.admonitionblock {
margin-top: 1.0em;
margin-bottom: 1.5em;
}
div.admonitionblock {
margin-top: 2.0em;
margin-bottom: 2.0em;
margin-right: 10%;
color: #606060;
}
div.content { /* Block element content. */
padding: 0;
}
/* Block element titles. */
div.title, caption.title {
color: #527bbd;
font-weight: bold;
text-align: left;
margin-top: 1.0em;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
}
div.title + * {
margin-top: 0;
}
td div.title:first-child {
margin-top: 0.0em;
}
div.content div.title:first-child {
margin-top: 0.0em;
}
div.content + div.title {
margin-top: 0.0em;
}
div.sidebarblock > div.content {
background: #ffffee;
border: 1px solid #dddddd;
border-left: 4px solid #f0f0f0;
padding: 0.5em;
}
div.listingblock > div.content {
border: 1px solid #dddddd;
border-left: 5px solid #f0f0f0;
background: #f8f8f8;
padding: 0.5em;
}
div.quoteblock, div.verseblock {
padding-left: 1.0em;
margin-left: 1.0em;
margin-right: 10%;
border-left: 5px solid #f0f0f0;
color: #888;
}
div.quoteblock > div.attribution {
padding-top: 0.5em;
text-align: right;
}
div.verseblock > pre.content {
font-family: inherit;
font-size: inherit;
}
div.verseblock > div.attribution {
padding-top: 0.75em;
text-align: left;
}
/* DEPRECATED: Pre version 8.2.7 verse style literal block. */
div.verseblock + div.attribution {
text-align: left;
}
div.admonitionblock .icon {
vertical-align: top;
font-size: 1.1em;
font-weight: bold;
text-decoration: underline;
color: #527bbd;
padding-right: 0.5em;
}
div.admonitionblock td.content {
padding-left: 0.5em;
border-left: 3px solid #dddddd;
}
div.exampleblock > div.content {
border-left: 3px solid #dddddd;
padding-left: 0.5em;
}
div.imageblock div.content { padding-left: 0; }
span.image img { border-style: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; }
a.image:visited { color: white; }
dl {
margin-top: 0.8em;
margin-bottom: 0.8em;
}
dt {
margin-top: 0.5em;
margin-bottom: 0;
font-style: normal;
color: navy;
}
dd > *:first-child {
margin-top: 0.1em;
}
ul, ol {
list-style-position: outside;
}
ol.arabic {
list-style-type: decimal;
}
ol.loweralpha {
list-style-type: lower-alpha;
}
ol.upperalpha {
list-style-type: upper-alpha;
}
ol.lowerroman {
list-style-type: lower-roman;
}
ol.upperroman {
list-style-type: upper-roman;
}
div.compact ul, div.compact ol,
div.compact p, div.compact p,
div.compact div, div.compact div {
margin-top: 0.1em;
margin-bottom: 0.1em;
}
tfoot {
font-weight: bold;
}
td > div.verse {
white-space: pre;
}
div.hdlist {
margin-top: 0.8em;
margin-bottom: 0.8em;
}
div.hdlist tr {
padding-bottom: 15px;
}
dt.hdlist1.strong, td.hdlist1.strong {
font-weight: bold;
}
td.hdlist1 {
vertical-align: top;
font-style: normal;
padding-right: 0.8em;
color: navy;
}
td.hdlist2 {
vertical-align: top;
}
div.hdlist.compact tr {
margin: 0;
padding-bottom: 0;
}
.comment {
background: yellow;
}
.footnote, .footnoteref {
font-size: 0.8em;
}
span.footnote, span.footnoteref {
vertical-align: super;
}
#footnotes {
margin: 20px 0 20px 0;
padding: 7px 0 0 0;
}
#footnotes div.footnote {
margin: 0 0 5px 0;
}
#footnotes hr {
border: none;
border-top: 1px solid silver;
height: 1px;
text-align: left;
margin-left: 0;
width: 20%;
min-width: 100px;
}
div.colist td {
padding-right: 0.5em;
padding-bottom: 0.3em;
vertical-align: top;
}
div.colist td img {
margin-top: 0.3em;
}
@media print {
#footer-badges { display: none; }
}
#toc {
margin-bottom: 2.5em;
}
#toctitle {
color: #527bbd;
font-size: 1.1em;
font-weight: bold;
margin-top: 1.0em;
margin-bottom: 0.1em;
}
div.toclevel0, div.toclevel1, div.toclevel2, div.toclevel3, div.toclevel4 {
margin-top: 0;
margin-bottom: 0;
}
div.toclevel2 {
margin-left: 2em;
font-size: 0.9em;
}
div.toclevel3 {
margin-left: 4em;
font-size: 0.9em;
}
div.toclevel4 {
margin-left: 6em;
font-size: 0.9em;
}
span.aqua { color: aqua; }
span.black { color: black; }
span.blue { color: blue; }
span.fuchsia { color: fuchsia; }
span.gray { color: gray; }
span.green { color: green; }
span.lime { color: lime; }
span.maroon { color: maroon; }
span.navy { color: navy; }
span.olive { color: olive; }
span.purple { color: purple; }
span.red { color: red; }
span.silver { color: silver; }
span.teal { color: teal; }
span.white { color: white; }
span.yellow { color: yellow; }
span.aqua-background { background: aqua; }
span.black-background { background: black; }
span.blue-background { background: blue; }
span.fuchsia-background { background: fuchsia; }
span.gray-background { background: gray; }
span.green-background { background: green; }
span.lime-background { background: lime; }
span.maroon-background { background: maroon; }
span.navy-background { background: navy; }
span.olive-background { background: olive; }
span.purple-background { background: purple; }
span.red-background { background: red; }
span.silver-background { background: silver; }
span.teal-background { background: teal; }
span.white-background { background: white; }
span.yellow-background { background: yellow; }
span.big { font-size: 2em; }
span.small { font-size: 0.6em; }
span.underline { text-decoration: underline; }
span.overline { text-decoration: overline; }
span.line-through { text-decoration: line-through; }
div.unbreakable { page-break-inside: avoid; }
/*
* xhtml11 specific
*
* */
div.tableblock {
margin-top: 1.0em;
margin-bottom: 1.5em;
}
div.tableblock > table {
border: 3px solid #527bbd;
}
thead, p.table.header {
font-weight: bold;
color: #527bbd;
}
p.table {
margin-top: 0;
}
/* Because the table frame attribute is overriden by CSS in most browsers. */
div.tableblock > table[frame="void"] {
border-style: none;
}
div.tableblock > table[frame="hsides"] {
border-left-style: none;
border-right-style: none;
}
div.tableblock > table[frame="vsides"] {
border-top-style: none;
border-bottom-style: none;
}
/*
* html5 specific
*
* */
table.tableblock {
margin-top: 1.0em;
margin-bottom: 1.5em;
}
thead, p.tableblock.header {
font-weight: bold;
color: #527bbd;
}
p.tableblock {
margin-top: 0;
}
table.tableblock {
border-width: 3px;
border-spacing: 0px;
border-style: solid;
border-color: #527bbd;
border-collapse: collapse;
}
th.tableblock, td.tableblock {
border-width: 1px;
padding: 4px;
border-style: solid;
border-color: #527bbd;
}
table.tableblock.frame-topbot {
border-left-style: hidden;
border-right-style: hidden;
}
table.tableblock.frame-sides {
border-top-style: hidden;
border-bottom-style: hidden;
}
table.tableblock.frame-none {
border-style: hidden;
}
th.tableblock.halign-left, td.tableblock.halign-left {
text-align: left;
}
th.tableblock.halign-center, td.tableblock.halign-center {
text-align: center;
}
th.tableblock.halign-right, td.tableblock.halign-right {
text-align: right;
}
th.tableblock.valign-top, td.tableblock.valign-top {
vertical-align: top;
}
th.tableblock.valign-middle, td.tableblock.valign-middle {
vertical-align: middle;
}
th.tableblock.valign-bottom, td.tableblock.valign-bottom {
vertical-align: bottom;
}
/*
* manpage specific
*
* */
body.manpage h1 {
padding-top: 0.5em;
padding-bottom: 0.5em;
border-top: 2px solid silver;
border-bottom: 2px solid silver;
}
body.manpage h2 {
border-style: none;
}
body.manpage div.sectionbody {
margin-left: 3em;
}
@media print {
body.manpage div#toc { display: none; }
}
</style>
<script type="text/javascript">
/*<+'])');
// Function that scans the DOM tree for header elements (the DOM2
// nodeIterator API would be a better technique but not supported by all
// browsers).
var iterate = function (el) {
for (var i = el.firstChild; i != null; i = i.nextSibling) {
if (i.nodeType == 1 /* Node.ELEMENT_NODE */) {
var mo = re.exec(i.tagName);
if (mo && (i.getAttribute("class") || i.getAttribute("className")) != "float") {
result[result.length] = new TocEntry(i, getText(i), mo[1]-1);
}
iterate(i);
}
}
}
iterate(el);
return result;
}
var toc = document.getElementById("toc");
if (!toc) {
return;
}
// Delete existing TOC entries in case we're reloading the TOC.
var tocEntriesToRemove = [];
var i;
for (i = 0; i < toc.childNodes.length; i++) {
var entry = toc.childNodes[i];
if (entry.nodeName.toLowerCase() == 'div'
&& entry.getAttribute("class")
&& entry.getAttribute("class").match(/^toclevel/))
tocEntriesToRemove.push(entry);
}
for (i = 0; i < tocEntriesToRemove.length; i++) {
toc.removeChild(tocEntriesToRemove[i]);
}
// Rebuild TOC entries.
var entries = tocEntries(document.getElementById("content"), toclevels);
for (var i = 0; i < entries.length; ++i) {
var entry = entries[i];
if (entry.element.id == "")
entry.element.id = "_toc_" + i;
var a = document.createElement("a");
a.href = "#" + entry.element.id;
a.appendChild(document.createTextNode(entry.text));
var div = document.createElement("div");
div.appendChild(a);
div.className = "toclevel" + entry.toclevel;
toc.appendChild(div);
}
if (entries.length == 0)
toc.parentNode.removeChild(toc);
},
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Footnotes generator
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/* Based on footnote generation code from:
* http://www.brandspankingnew.net/archive/2005/07/format_footnote.html
*/
footnotes: function () {
// Delete existing footnote entries in case we're reloading the footnodes.
var i;
var noteholder = document.getElementById("footnotes");
if (!noteholder) {
return;
}
var entriesToRemove = [];
for (i = 0; i < noteholder.childNodes.length; i++) {
var entry = noteholder.childNodes[i];
if (entry.nodeName.toLowerCase() == 'div' && entry.getAttribute("class") == "footnote")
entriesToRemove.push(entry);
}
for (i = 0; i < entriesToRemove.length; i++) {
noteholder.removeChild(entriesToRemove[i]);
}
// Rebuild footnote entries.
var cont = document.getElementById("content");
var spans = cont.getElementsByTagName("span");
var refs = {};
var n = 0;
for (i=0; i<spans.length; i++) {
if (spans[i].className == "footnote") {
n++;
var note = spans[i].getAttribute("data-note");
if (!note) {
// Use [\s\S] in place of . so multi-line matches work.
// Because JavaScript has no s (dotall) regex flag.
note = spans[i].innerHTML.match(/\s*\[([\s\S]*)]\s*/)[1];
spans[i].innerHTML =
"[<a id='_footnoteref_" + n + "' href='#_footnote_" + n +
"' title='View footnote' class='footnote'>" + n + "</a>]";
spans[i].setAttribute("data-note", note);
}
noteholder.innerHTML +=
"<div class='footnote' id='_footnote_" + n + "'>" +
"<a href='#_footnoteref_" + n + "' title='Return to text'>" +
n + "</a>. " + note + "</div>";
var id =spans[i].getAttribute("id");
if (id != null) refs["#"+id] = n;
}
}
if (n == 0)
noteholder.parentNode.removeChild(noteholder);
else {
// Process footnoterefs.
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<h1>pre_prepare</h1>
<div id="toc">
<div id="toctitle">Table of Contents</div>
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<div id="content">
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_ideas">Ideas</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <code>pre_prepare</code> module aims to prepare all your statements as soon as
possible and in a way that allows client queries not to bother at all and
just call <code>EXECUTE</code>.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_setup">Setup</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_compile_and_install">compile and install</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The module is using the PG_XS build infrastructure, so just:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>make
make install
psql -f `pg_config --sharedir`/contrib/pre_prepare.sql -U user dbname</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Depending on the way you got PostgreSQL installed in the first place, you
may need to use sudo for the <code>make install</code> step.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_postgresql_conf">postgresql.conf</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Add a custom class then the following settings:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>preprepare.relation = 'preprepare.statements'</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <code>pre_prepare.relation</code> is the name of the table where you’ll put all the
statements you want to module to prepare. The following SQL query against
the given relation must return the names and SQL statements to be prepared.</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>SELECT name, statement FROM <pre_prepare.relation>;</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The statements won’t be edited, so must be the all PREPARE stuff.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>When running PostgreSQL 9.1 or earlier, an additional setting is required:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>custom_variable_classes = 'preprepare' # only for 9.1 and earlier</code></pre>
</div></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_pgbouncer">pgbouncer</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>When using pgbouncer, which is a good idea, consider setting up
<code>connect_query</code> to prepare all the statements at server connection time.</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>[databases]
foo = port=5432 connect_query='SELECT prepare_all();'</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Of course, if using <code>pre_prepare</code>, you’ll want to avoid using <code>DISCARD ALL</code>
as your <code>reset_query</code>…</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_local_preload_libraries">local_preload_libraries</h3>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_if_you_have_code_8_3_code">If you have <code>8.3</code></h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>It’s unfortunately not possible to call <code>SPI_connect()</code> from the module
initialization routine (<code>_PG_init()</code>) when called via
<code>local_preload_libraries</code>, it’s too much early. So fully transparent
preparing of user given statement is not possible with the <code>pre_prepare</code>
module, you still have to explicitely call <code>SELECT prepare_all()</code>.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_if_running_8_4_or_later">If running 8.4 or later</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>To call <code>SPI_connect()</code> in fact what’s needed is an opened transaction and a
current active Snapshot. Both are possible to acquire from within a
dynamically loaded module, so <code>preprepare</code> is supporting the case.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Update your <code>postgresql.conf</code> to have the following:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>custom_variable_classes = 'preprepare' # only for 9.1 and earlier
preprepare.at_init = on
preprepare.relation = 'preprepare.statements'</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Then <code>reload</code> PostgreSQL and enjoy: any new connection will have already
prepared your statements by the time you’re able to send queries, so you can
forget about <code>PREPARE</code> and directly <code>EXECUTE</code>. No need for extra software.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Please note that if your statements contain any error, PostgreSQL will
handle it as a <code>FATAL</code> error and this will effectively prevent you from
connecting to your server. You’ll have to turn preprepare.at_init <code>off</code>
again then <code>reload</code>, or remove <code>pre_prepare</code> from <code>local_preload_libraries</code>
then <code>restart</code>.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_usage">Usage</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>First create a table where to store your statements, e.g.:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>create table pre_prepare.statements(name text primary key, statement text);</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The statement stored is the complete statement including the <code>PREPARE name AS</code>
part.</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>insert into pre_prepare.statements values ('test', 'prepare test as select 1');</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_prepare_all">prepare_all()</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Then connect to PostgreSQL (via <code>pgbouncer</code> if not using
<code>local_preload_libraries</code>) and run the <code>EXECUTE</code> command matching with your
<code>PREPARE</code> statements, they all are already prepared.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If not using <code>pgbouncer</code> nor <code>preprepare.at_init = on</code>, you’ll have to call
the function yourself to have your statements prepared:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>SELECT prepare_all();</code></pre>
</div></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_prepare_all_em_schema_table_em">prepare_all(<em>schema.table</em>)</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If you’re not in a position to always prepare the same set of queries, you
can use the second form of <code>prepare_all</code> calling, which accepts a specific
statements table:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>SELECT prepare_all('public.expensive_planning');</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This can be automated in a special <code>pgbouncer</code> fake <code>database</code> where the
<code>connect_query</code> will prepare specific queries when you know you need them in
some occasion, but they’re way to expensive to always prepare ahead of time.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_discard">discard()</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The module also offers a <code>discard()</code> function which does the same as
<code>DISCARD ALL</code> except that it won’t call <code>DEALLOCATE ALL</code>.</p></div>
</div>
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Last updated
2016-09-24 19:21:12 CEST
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