diff --git a/changelog.d/fixes/15494-combo-target-timeout-lockout.md b/changelog.d/fixes/15494-combo-target-timeout-lockout.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..92cbead5cc9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/fixes/15494-combo-target-timeout-lockout.md
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+- **fix(combo):** a local per-target timeout records a model lockout without tripping the provider breaker ([#15494](https://github.com/diegosouzapw/OmniRoute/pull/15494) — thanks @HouMinXi)
diff --git a/open-sse/services/combo/comboPredicates.ts b/open-sse/services/combo/comboPredicates.ts
index b7bec951f36d..5d855cec8f10 100644
--- a/open-sse/services/combo/comboPredicates.ts
+++ b/open-sse/services/combo/comboPredicates.ts
@@ -323,6 +323,29 @@ export function isRequestScopedUpstreamFailure(error?: {
   );
 }
 
+export function isComboTargetTimeoutFailure(error?: {
+  code?: string | null;
+  type?: string | null;
+}): boolean {
+  const code = typeof error?.code === "string" ? error.code.toLowerCase() : "";
+  const type = typeof error?.type === "string" ? error.type.toLowerCase() : "";
+  return code === "combo_target_timeout" || type === "combo_target_timeout";
+}
+
+/**
+ * Model lockout is per model, not per provider. A local target timeout must
+ * lock that model so the next request does not spend another gate wait on it.
+ * Other request-scoped failures (context length, local queue) stay unlocked.
+ * The provider breaker still uses the request-scoped flag and does not see this.
+ */
+export function shouldRecordModelLockoutForComboFailure(
+  requestScopedFailure: boolean,
+  error?: { code?: string | null; type?: string | null }
+): boolean {
+  if (!requestScopedFailure) return true;
+  return isComboTargetTimeoutFailure(error);
+}
+
 /** Request-scoped classification that also has access to the HTTP body. */
 export function isComboRequestScopedFailure(
   response: Response,
diff --git a/open-sse/services/combo/executeTargetAttempt.ts b/open-sse/services/combo/executeTargetAttempt.ts
index 91e73052280b..b752f5faf064 100644
--- a/open-sse/services/combo/executeTargetAttempt.ts
+++ b/open-sse/services/combo/executeTargetAttempt.ts
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ import {
   shouldSkipForPredictedTtft,
   shouldRecordProviderBreakerFailure,
   isComboRequestScopedFailure as isScopedFailure,
+  shouldRecordModelLockoutForComboFailure,
   isStreamReadinessFailureErrorBody,
   isStreamEarlyEofErrorBody,
   isLocalKeyPolicyBreachErrorBody,
@@ -1077,7 +1078,7 @@ export async function executeTargetAttempt(opts: {
         provider &&
         rawModel &&
         retry === 0 &&
-        !scopedFailure &&
+        shouldRecordModelLockoutForComboFailure(scopedFailure, structuredError) &&
         !isConnectionScopedClaudeQuota
       ) {
         const mlSettings = resolveModelLockoutSettings(deps.settings);
@@ -1167,7 +1168,12 @@ export async function executeTargetAttempt(opts: {
     if (i > 0) state.fallbackCount++;
     // Wire combo failures into the resilience dashboard (model-level lockout)
     // alongside the provider-level cooldown below — they govern different scopes.
-    if (provider && rawModel && !scopedFailure && !isConnectionScopedClaudeQuota) {
+    if (
+      provider &&
+      rawModel &&
+      shouldRecordModelLockoutForComboFailure(scopedFailure, structuredError) &&
+      !isConnectionScopedClaudeQuota
+    ) {
       const mlSettings = resolveModelLockoutSettings(deps.settings);
       if (mlSettings.enabled && mlSettings.errorCodes.includes(result.status)) {
         recordModelLockoutFailure(
diff --git a/tests/unit/combo/combo-target-timeout-standards.test.ts b/tests/unit/combo/combo-target-timeout-standards.test.ts
index 52c832251994..95ae07a0e7d0 100644
--- a/tests/unit/combo/combo-target-timeout-standards.test.ts
+++ b/tests/unit/combo/combo-target-timeout-standards.test.ts
@@ -20,8 +20,11 @@ process.env.DATA_DIR = TEST_DATA_DIR;
 process.env.API_KEY_SECRET = process.env.API_KEY_SECRET || "combo-target-timeout-std-secret";
 
 const { handleComboChat } = await import("../../../open-sse/services/combo.ts");
-const { isComboRequestScopedFailure, shouldRecordProviderBreakerFailure } =
-  await import("../../../open-sse/services/combo/comboPredicates.ts");
+const {
+  isComboRequestScopedFailure,
+  shouldRecordProviderBreakerFailure,
+  shouldRecordModelLockoutForComboFailure,
+} = await import("../../../open-sse/services/combo/comboPredicates.ts");
 const { applyComboTargetExhaustion } =
   await import("../../../open-sse/services/combo/targetExhaustion.ts");
 const { getProviderBreakerState } = await import("../../../open-sse/services/accountFallback.ts");
@@ -97,6 +100,33 @@ test.beforeEach(() => {
 
 // ── Decision seam: breaker + request-scoped classification ──────────────────
 
+test("decision seam: typed combo_target_timeout still records a model lockout", () => {
+  const scoped = isComboRequestScopedFailure(
+    new Response("timed out", { status: 504 }),
+    "Model openai/slow timed out",
+    { code: "combo_target_timeout", type: "combo_target_timeout" }
+  );
+  assert.equal(scoped, true, "timeout stays request-scoped for the provider breaker");
+  assert.equal(
+    shouldRecordModelLockoutForComboFailure(scoped, {
+      code: "combo_target_timeout",
+      type: "combo_target_timeout",
+    }),
+    true,
+    "a locally timed-out model must be locked so the next request does not wait on it again"
+  );
+});
+
+test("decision seam: other request-scoped failures still skip model lockout", () => {
+  assert.equal(
+    shouldRecordModelLockoutForComboFailure(true, {
+      code: "context_length_exceeded",
+      type: "invalid_request_error",
+    }),
+    false
+  );
+});
+
 test("decision seam: typed combo_target_timeout 504 is request-scoped and does not record breaker failure", () => {
   const decision = decideProviderBreakerRecord({
     status: 504,