diff --git a/index.js b/index.js
index 425da1d715..04805bc78a 100644
--- a/index.js
+++ b/index.js
@@ -12,8 +12,11 @@
  */
 const newrelic = require('newrelic')
 newrelic.instrumentConglomerate('aws-sdk', require('./lib/instrumentation'))
-newrelic.instrumentMessages('@aws-sdk/client-sns', require('./lib/v3-sns'))
 newrelic.instrument({
   moduleName: '@aws-sdk/smithy-client',
   onResolved: require('./lib/smithy-client')
 })
+newrelic.instrumentMessages({
+  moduleName: '@aws-sdk/client-sns',
+  onResolved: require('./lib/v3-sns')
+})
diff --git a/lib/v3-sns.js b/lib/v3-sns.js
index 128058e873..bedd4ea3b1 100644
--- a/lib/v3-sns.js
+++ b/lib/v3-sns.js
@@ -5,32 +5,100 @@
 
 'use strict'
 
-function wrapClientSend(shim, original, name, args) {
-  const { constructor, input } = args[0]
-  const type = constructor.name
-  if (type === 'PublishCommand') {
-    return {
-      callback: shim.LAST,
-      destinationName: getDestinationName(input),
-      destinationType: shim.TOPIC,
-      opaque: true
-    }
+module.exports = function instrument(shim, name, resolvedName) {
+  const fileNameIndex = resolvedName.indexOf('/index')
+  const relativeFolder = resolvedName.substr(0, fileNameIndex)
+
+  // The path changes depending on the version... so we don't want to hard-code the relative
+  // path from the module root.
+  const snsClientExport = shim.require(`${relativeFolder}/SNSClient`)
+
+  if (!shim.isFunction(snsClientExport.SNSClient)) {
+    shim.logger.debug('Could not find SNSClient, not instrumenting.')
+    return
   }
 
-  // eslint-disable-next-line consistent-return
-  return
+  shim.setLibrary(shim.SNS)
+  shim.wrapReturn(
+    snsClientExport,
+    'SNSClient',
+    function wrappedReturn(shim, original, fnName, instance) {
+      postClientConstructor.call(instance, shim)
+    }
+  )
 }
 
-function getDestinationName({ TopicArn, TargetArn }) {
-  return TopicArn || TargetArn || 'PhoneNumber' // We don't want the value of PhoneNumber
+/**
+ * Calls the instances middlewareStack.use to register
+ * a plugin that adds a middleware to record the time it teakes to publish a message
+ * see: https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/developer/middleware-stack-modular-aws-sdk-js/
+ *
+ * @param {Shim} shim
+ */
+function postClientConstructor(shim) {
+  this.middlewareStack.use(getPlugin(shim))
 }
 
-module.exports = function instrument(shim, AWS) {
-  if (!shim.isFunction(AWS.SNS)) {
-    shim.logger.debug('Could not find SNS, not instrumenting.')
-    return
+/**
+ * Returns the plugin object that adds middleware
+ *
+ * @param {Shim} shim
+ * @returns {object}
+ */
+function getPlugin(shim) {
+  return {
+    applyToStack: (clientStack) => {
+      clientStack.add(snsMiddleware.bind(null, shim), {
+        name: 'NewRelicSnsMiddleware',
+        step: 'initialize',
+        priority: 'high'
+      })
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Middleware hook that records the middleware chain
+ * when command is `PublishCommand`
+ *
+ * @param {Shim} shim
+ * @param {function} next middleware function
+ * @param {Object} context
+ * @returns {function}
+ */
+function snsMiddleware(shim, next, context) {
+  if (context.commandName === 'PublishCommand') {
+    return shim.recordProduce(next, getSnsSpec)
   }
 
-  shim.setLibrary(shim.SNS)
-  shim.recordProduce(AWS.SNSClient.prototype, 'send', wrapClientSend)
+  return next
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns the spec for PublishCommand
+ *
+ * @param {Shim} shim
+ * @param {original} original original middleware function
+ * @param {Array} args to the middleware function
+ * @returns {Object}
+ */
+function getSnsSpec(shim, original, name, args) {
+  const [command] = args
+  return {
+    promise: true,
+    callback: shim.LAST,
+    destinationName: getDestinationName(command.input),
+    destinationType: shim.TOPIC,
+    opaque: true
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Helper to set the appropriate destinationName based on
+ * the command input
+ *
+ * @param {Object}
+ */
+function getDestinationName({ TopicArn, TargetArn }) {
+  return TopicArn || TargetArn || 'PhoneNumber' // We don't want the value of PhoneNumber
 }
diff --git a/nr-hooks.js b/nr-hooks.js
index e6d6753574..8ae672d851 100644
--- a/nr-hooks.js
+++ b/nr-hooks.js
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ module.exports = [
   {
     type: 'message',
     moduleName: '@aws-sdk/client-sns',
-    onRequire: require('./lib/v3-sns')
+    onResolved: require('./lib/v3-sns')
   },
   {
     type: 'generic',
diff --git a/tests/versioned/aws-sdk-v3/sns.tap.js b/tests/versioned/aws-sdk-v3/sns.tap.js
index 3b2157738b..812f3d150e 100644
--- a/tests/versioned/aws-sdk-v3/sns.tap.js
+++ b/tests/versioned/aws-sdk-v3/sns.tap.js
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ tap.test('SNS', (t) => {
     helper.registerInstrumentation({
       moduleName: '@aws-sdk/client-sns',
       type: 'message',
-      onRequire: require('../../../lib/v3-sns')
+      onResolved: require('../../../lib/v3-sns')
     })
     const lib = require('@aws-sdk/client-sns')
     const SNSClient = lib.SNSClient
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ tap.test('SNS', (t) => {
   })
 
   t.afterEach(() => {
-    server.close()
+    server.destroy()
     server = null
     // this may be brute force but i could not figure out
     // which files within the modules were cached preventing the instrumenting
@@ -62,6 +62,22 @@ tap.test('SNS', (t) => {
     helper && helper.unload()
   })
 
+  t.test('publish with callback', (t) => {
+    helper.runInTransaction((tx) => {
+      const params = { Message: 'Hello!' }
+
+      const cmd = new PublishCommand(params)
+      sns.send(cmd, (err) => {
+        t.error(err)
+        tx.end()
+
+        const destName = 'PhoneNumber'
+        const args = [t, tx, destName]
+        setImmediate(finish, ...args)
+      })
+    })
+  })
+
   t.test('publish with default destination(PhoneNumber)', (t) => {
     helper.runInTransaction(async (tx) => {
       const params = { Message: 'Hello!' }
diff --git a/tests/versioned/aws-server-stubs/response-server/index.js b/tests/versioned/aws-server-stubs/response-server/index.js
index 418dd0ef1b..784bdf874f 100644
--- a/tests/versioned/aws-server-stubs/response-server/index.js
+++ b/tests/versioned/aws-server-stubs/response-server/index.js
@@ -29,6 +29,22 @@ function createResponseServer() {
     res.end()
   })
 
+  // server.destroy: close, but faster!
+  // tracks and manually closes any open sockets
+  const sockets = new Set()
+  server.on('connection', (socket) => {
+    sockets.add(socket)
+    socket.once('close', () => {
+      sockets.delete(socket)
+    })
+  })
+  server.destroy = function () {
+    sockets.forEach((socket) => {
+      socket.destroy()
+    })
+    server.close()
+  }
+
   return server
 }