diff --git a/.changeset/fix-no-vue-duplicate-keys-to-refs.md b/.changeset/fix-no-vue-duplicate-keys-to-refs.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..4cf1a194c275
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/fix-no-vue-duplicate-keys-to-refs.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+"@biomejs/biome": patch
+---
+
+Fixed [#9068](https://github.com/biomejs/biome/issues/9068): The `noVueDuplicateKeys` rule now correctly handles `toRefs(props)` patterns and no longer produces false positives when destructuring props, particularly in `<script setup>` blocks.
diff --git a/crates/biome_js_analyze/src/frameworks/vue/vue_call.rs b/crates/biome_js_analyze/src/frameworks/vue/vue_call.rs
index b3685d3480fd..7a85f3efc3be 100644
--- a/crates/biome_js_analyze/src/frameworks/vue/vue_call.rs
+++ b/crates/biome_js_analyze/src/frameworks/vue/vue_call.rs
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ pub fn is_vue_compiler_macro_call(
     model.binding(&reference).is_none()
 }
 
+/// Checks if the given expression is a reference to a Vue API function (e.g., from `vue` package or `Vue` global).
 pub fn is_vue_api_reference(
     expression: &AnyJsExpression,
     model: &SemanticModel,
@@ -47,6 +48,26 @@ pub fn is_vue_api_reference(
     )
 }
 
+/// Checks if the given call expression is a call to `toRefs` from the Vue package.
+///
+/// `toRefs` is used to convert a reactive object to a plain object where each property
+/// is a ref pointing to the corresponding property of the original object. This is commonly
+/// used with `defineProps` to destructure props while maintaining reactivity.
+///
+/// This function handles both imported `toRefs` and auto-imported `toRefs` in Vue `<script setup>`.
+///
+/// Example: `const { foo, bar } = toRefs(props)`
+pub fn is_to_refs_call(call: &JsCallExpression, model: &SemanticModel) -> bool {
+    let Some(callee) = call.callee().ok() else {
+        return false;
+    };
+    let Some(expression) = callee.inner_expression() else {
+        return false;
+    };
+
+    is_vue_api_reference(&expression, model, "toRefs")
+}
+
 const VUE_PACKAGE_NAMES: &[&str] = &["vue"];
 const VUE_GLOBAL_NAME: Option<&str> = Some("Vue");
 
diff --git a/crates/biome_js_analyze/src/frameworks/vue/vue_component.rs b/crates/biome_js_analyze/src/frameworks/vue/vue_component.rs
index e347f15ac567..62993f90c2a4 100644
--- a/crates/biome_js_analyze/src/frameworks/vue/vue_component.rs
+++ b/crates/biome_js_analyze/src/frameworks/vue/vue_component.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-use crate::frameworks::vue::vue_call::{is_vue_api_reference, is_vue_compiler_macro_call};
+use crate::frameworks::vue::vue_call::{
+    is_to_refs_call, is_vue_api_reference, is_vue_compiler_macro_call,
+};
 use crate::services::semantic::Semantic;
 use biome_js_semantic::SemanticModel;
 use biome_js_syntax::{
@@ -743,6 +745,10 @@ declare_node_union! {
 }
 
 impl AnyVueSetupDeclaration {
+    /// Checks if this setup declaration is assigned directly from `defineProps`.
+    ///
+    /// This handles cases like `const { foo } = defineProps<{ foo: string }>()` where
+    /// the destructured property comes from the props definition.
     pub fn is_assigned_to_props(&self, model: &SemanticModel) -> bool {
         if let Self::JsIdentifierBinding(binding) = self
             && let Some(declarator) = binding
@@ -760,6 +766,65 @@ impl AnyVueSetupDeclaration {
         }
         false
     }
+
+    /// Checks if this setup declaration is assigned from `toRefs(props)`.
+    ///
+    /// This handles cases like `const { foo } = toRefs(props)` where the destructured
+    /// property comes from converting props to refs. These should not be flagged as
+    /// duplicates of the props themselves.
+    ///
+    /// Only returns true if the argument to `toRefs` is either:
+    /// - A direct `defineProps()` call
+    /// - An identifier whose binding resolves to a variable initialized from `defineProps`
+    pub fn is_assigned_to_to_refs(&self, model: &SemanticModel) -> bool {
+        if let Self::JsIdentifierBinding(binding) = self
+            && let Some(declarator) = binding
+                .syntax()
+                .ancestors()
+                .find_map(|syntax| JsVariableDeclarator::try_cast(syntax).ok())
+            && let Some(initializer) = declarator.initializer()
+            && let Some(expression) = initializer
+                .expression()
+                .ok()
+                .and_then(|expression| expression.inner_expression())
+            && let AnyJsExpression::JsCallExpression(call) = expression
+            && is_to_refs_call(&call, model)
+        {
+            // Check that the first argument to `toRefs` is the props source
+            if let Some(Ok(first_arg)) = call
+                .arguments()
+                .ok()
+                .and_then(|args| args.args().iter().next())
+                && let Some(arg_expr) = first_arg.as_any_js_expression()
+                && let Some(arg_expr) = arg_expr.inner_expression()
+            {
+                // Case 1: Direct defineProps() call: `toRefs(defineProps(...))`
+                if let AnyJsExpression::JsCallExpression(arg_call) = &arg_expr
+                    && is_vue_compiler_macro_call(arg_call, model, "defineProps")
+                {
+                    return true;
+                }
+
+                // Case 2: Identifier bound to defineProps: `const props = defineProps(...); toRefs(props)`
+                if let Some(ident_ref) = arg_expr.as_js_reference_identifier()
+                    && let Some(binding) = model.binding(&ident_ref)
+                    && let Some(declarator) = binding
+                        .syntax()
+                        .ancestors()
+                        .find_map(|syntax| JsVariableDeclarator::try_cast(syntax).ok())
+                    && let Some(decl_initializer) = declarator.initializer()
+                    && let Some(decl_expr) = decl_initializer
+                        .expression()
+                        .ok()
+                        .and_then(|expr| expr.inner_expression())
+                    && let AnyJsExpression::JsCallExpression(decl_call) = decl_expr
+                {
+                    return is_vue_compiler_macro_call(&decl_call, model, "defineProps");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        false
+    }
 }
 
 impl VueDeclarationName for AnyVueSetupDeclaration {
diff --git a/crates/biome_js_analyze/src/lint/correctness/no_vue_duplicate_keys.rs b/crates/biome_js_analyze/src/lint/correctness/no_vue_duplicate_keys.rs
index cf7847aa5629..903e1207672b 100644
--- a/crates/biome_js_analyze/src/lint/correctness/no_vue_duplicate_keys.rs
+++ b/crates/biome_js_analyze/src/lint/correctness/no_vue_duplicate_keys.rs
@@ -142,7 +142,8 @@ impl Rule for NoVueDuplicateKeys {
             if let Some(name) = declaration.declaration_name() {
                 // Handle cases like `const { foo } = defineProps(...);`.
                 if let VueDeclaration::Setup(ref setup_decl) = declaration
-                    && setup_decl.is_assigned_to_props(model)
+                    && (setup_decl.is_assigned_to_props(model)
+                        || setup_decl.is_assigned_to_to_refs(model))
                 {
                     continue;
                 }
diff --git a/crates/biome_js_analyze/tests/specs/correctness/noVueDuplicateKeys/invalid-script-setup-to-refs-no-assign.vue b/crates/biome_js_analyze/tests/specs/correctness/noVueDuplicateKeys/invalid-script-setup-to-refs-no-assign.vue
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..6fab207393e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/biome_js_analyze/tests/specs/correctness/noVueDuplicateKeys/invalid-script-setup-to-refs-no-assign.vue
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<!-- should emit diagnostics -->
+
+<script setup>
+import { toRefs, reactive } from 'vue';
+defineProps<{ toast: string; number?: number }>();
+const obj = reactive({ toast: 'toast' });
+const { toast } = toRefs(obj)
+</script>
+
+<template>
+	<!-- Which `toast` this refers to is ambiguous, because defineProps makes the props available in the template area -->
+	{{ toast }}
+</template>
diff --git a/crates/biome_js_analyze/tests/specs/correctness/noVueDuplicateKeys/invalid-script-setup-to-refs-no-assign.vue.snap b/crates/biome_js_analyze/tests/specs/correctness/noVueDuplicateKeys/invalid-script-setup-to-refs-no-assign.vue.snap
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9f23f6adfee8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/biome_js_analyze/tests/specs/correctness/noVueDuplicateKeys/invalid-script-setup-to-refs-no-assign.vue.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+---
+source: crates/biome_js_analyze/tests/spec_tests.rs
+expression: invalid-script-setup-to-refs-no-assign.vue
+---
+# Input
+```ts
+import { toRefs, reactive } from 'vue';
+defineProps<{ toast: string; number?: number }>();
+const obj = reactive({ toast: 'toast' });
+const { toast } = toRefs(obj)
+
+```
+
+# Diagnostics
+```
+invalid-script-setup-to-refs-no-assign.vue:2:15 lint/correctness/noVueDuplicateKeys ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
+
+  × Duplicate key toast found in Vue component.
+  
+    1 │ import { toRefs, reactive } from 'vue';
+  > 2 │ defineProps<{ toast: string; number?: number }>();
+      │               ^^^^^
+    3 │ const obj = reactive({ toast: 'toast' });
+    4 │ const { toast } = toRefs(obj)
+  
+  i Key toast is also defined here.
+  
+    2 │ defineProps<{ toast: string; number?: number }>();
+    3 │ const obj = reactive({ toast: 'toast' });
+  > 4 │ const { toast } = toRefs(obj)
+      │         ^^^^^
+    5 │ 
+  
+  i Keys defined in different Vue component options (props, data, methods, computed) can conflict when accessed in the template. Rename the key to avoid conflicts.
+  
+
+```
diff --git a/crates/biome_js_analyze/tests/specs/correctness/noVueDuplicateKeys/valid-script-setup-to-refs-interface.vue b/crates/biome_js_analyze/tests/specs/correctness/noVueDuplicateKeys/valid-script-setup-to-refs-interface.vue
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..16c166776db7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/biome_js_analyze/tests/specs/correctness/noVueDuplicateKeys/valid-script-setup-to-refs-interface.vue
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<!-- should not emit diagnostics -->
+
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import { toRefs } from 'vue';
+interface Props {
+    videoUrl: string;
+    thumbnail?: string;
+}
+const props = defineProps<Props>()
+const { videoUrl, thumbnail } = toRefs(props)
+</script>
diff --git a/crates/biome_js_analyze/tests/specs/correctness/noVueDuplicateKeys/valid-script-setup-to-refs-interface.vue.snap b/crates/biome_js_analyze/tests/specs/correctness/noVueDuplicateKeys/valid-script-setup-to-refs-interface.vue.snap
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3ad3fdf743fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/biome_js_analyze/tests/specs/correctness/noVueDuplicateKeys/valid-script-setup-to-refs-interface.vue.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+---
+source: crates/biome_js_analyze/tests/spec_tests.rs
+expression: valid-script-setup-to-refs-interface.vue
+---
+# Input
+```ts
+import { toRefs } from 'vue';
+interface Props {
+    videoUrl: string;
+    thumbnail?: string;
+}
+const props = defineProps<Props>()
+const { videoUrl, thumbnail } = toRefs(props)
+
+```
diff --git a/crates/biome_js_analyze/tests/specs/correctness/noVueDuplicateKeys/valid-script-setup-to-refs.vue b/crates/biome_js_analyze/tests/specs/correctness/noVueDuplicateKeys/valid-script-setup-to-refs.vue
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f9d4c0280b0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/biome_js_analyze/tests/specs/correctness/noVueDuplicateKeys/valid-script-setup-to-refs.vue
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<!-- should not emit diagnostics -->
+
+<script setup>
+import { toRefs } from 'vue';
+const props = defineProps<{ toast: string; number?: number }>()
+const { toast } = toRefs(props)
+</script>
diff --git a/crates/biome_js_analyze/tests/specs/correctness/noVueDuplicateKeys/valid-script-setup-to-refs.vue.snap b/crates/biome_js_analyze/tests/specs/correctness/noVueDuplicateKeys/valid-script-setup-to-refs.vue.snap
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..896233c691bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/biome_js_analyze/tests/specs/correctness/noVueDuplicateKeys/valid-script-setup-to-refs.vue.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+---
+source: crates/biome_js_analyze/tests/spec_tests.rs
+expression: valid-script-setup-to-refs.vue
+---
+# Input
+```ts
+import { toRefs } from 'vue';
+const props = defineProps<{ toast: string; number?: number }>()
+const { toast } = toRefs(props)
+
+```