diff --git a/package-lock.json b/package-lock.json
index 3406181b..f130cf16 100644
--- a/package-lock.json
+++ b/package-lock.json
@@ -3576,7 +3576,7 @@
 			}
 		},
 		"packages/diff-mcp": {
-			"version": "0.0.3",
+			"version": "0.0.4",
 			"license": "MIT",
 			"dependencies": {
 				"@dmsnell/diff-match-patch": "^1.1.0",
diff --git a/packages/jsondiffpatch/package.json b/packages/jsondiffpatch/package.json
index 90576dda..d203bc4f 100644
--- a/packages/jsondiffpatch/package.json
+++ b/packages/jsondiffpatch/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
 	"name": "jsondiffpatch",
-	"version": "0.7.3",
+	"version": "0.7.4",
 	"author": "Benjamin Eidelman <beneidel@gmail.com>",
 	"description": "JSON diff & patch (object and array diff, text diff, multiple output formats)",
 	"contributors": ["Benjamin Eidelman <beneidel@gmail.com>"],
diff --git a/packages/jsondiffpatch/src/formatters/jsonpatch-apply.ts b/packages/jsondiffpatch/src/formatters/jsonpatch-apply.ts
index 69fbf6fd..62b73f92 100644
--- a/packages/jsondiffpatch/src/formatters/jsonpatch-apply.ts
+++ b/packages/jsondiffpatch/src/formatters/jsonpatch-apply.ts
@@ -174,8 +174,8 @@ const add = (obj: unknown, path: string, value: unknown) => {
 	const last = parts.pop() as string;
 	const parent = get(obj, parts);
 	if (Array.isArray(parent)) {
-		const index = Number.parseInt(last, 10);
-		if (index < 0 || index > parent.length) {
+		const index = last === "-" ? parent.length : Number.parseInt(last, 10);
+		if (Number.isNaN(index) || index < 0 || index > parent.length) {
 			throw new Error(
 				`cannot set /${parts.concat([last]).join("/")} in ${JSON.stringify(
 					obj,
@@ -186,6 +186,11 @@ const add = (obj: unknown, path: string, value: unknown) => {
 		parent.splice(index, 0, clone(value));
 		return;
 	}
+	if (last === "-") {
+		throw new Error(
+			"JSONPatch 'add' with '-' requires array target",
+		);
+	}
 	if (typeof parent !== "object" || parent === null) {
 		throw new Error(
 			`cannot set /${parts.concat([last]).join("/")} in ${JSON.stringify(obj)}`,
@@ -202,6 +207,9 @@ const remove = (obj: unknown, path: string) => {
 	// see https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6902#section-4.2
 	const parts = parsePathFromRFC6902(path);
 	const last = parts.pop() as string;
+	if (last === "-") {
+		throw new Error("JSONPatch 'remove' path cannot end with '-'");
+	}
 	const parent = get(obj, parts);
 	if (Array.isArray(parent)) {
 		const index = Number.parseInt(last, 10);
@@ -236,8 +244,8 @@ const unadd = (obj: unknown, path: string, previousValue: unknown) => {
 	const last = parts.pop() as string;
 	const parent = get(obj, parts);
 	if (Array.isArray(parent)) {
-		const index = Number.parseInt(last, 10);
-		if (index < 0 || index > parent.length - 1) {
+		const index = last === "-" ? parent.length - 1 : Number.parseInt(last, 10);
+		if (Number.isNaN(index) || index < 0 || index > parent.length - 1) {
 			throw new Error(
 				`cannot un-add (rollback) /${parts
 					.concat([last])
@@ -265,6 +273,9 @@ const replace = (obj: unknown, path: string, value: unknown) => {
 	// see https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6902#section-4.3
 	const parts = parsePathFromRFC6902(path);
 	const last = parts.pop() as string;
+	if (last === "-") {
+		throw new Error("JSONPatch 'replace' path cannot end with '-'");
+	}
 	const parent = get(obj, parts);
 	if (Array.isArray(parent)) {
 		const index = Number.parseInt(last, 10);
@@ -296,6 +307,11 @@ const replace = (obj: unknown, path: string, value: unknown) => {
 
 const move = (obj: unknown, path: string, from: string) => {
 	// see https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6902#section-4.4
+	// '-' is only valid for add
+	const pathLast = parsePathFromRFC6902(path).slice(-1)[0];
+	if (pathLast === "-") {
+		throw new Error("JSONPatch 'move' path cannot end with '-'");
+	}
 	const value = remove(obj, from);
 	try {
 		add(obj, path, value);
@@ -308,12 +324,21 @@ const move = (obj: unknown, path: string, from: string) => {
 
 const copy = (obj: unknown, path: string, from: string) => {
 	// see https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6902#section-4.5
+	// '-' is only valid for add
+	const pathLast = parsePathFromRFC6902(path).slice(-1)[0];
+	if (pathLast === "-") {
+		throw new Error("JSONPatch 'copy' path cannot end with '-'");
+	}
 	const value = get(obj, from);
 	return add(obj, path, clone(value));
 };
 
 const test = (obj: unknown, path: string, value: unknown): void => {
 	// see https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6902#section-4.5
+	const last = parsePathFromRFC6902(path).slice(-1)[0];
+	if (last === "-") {
+		throw new Error("JSONPatch 'test' path cannot end with '-'");
+	}
 	const actualValue = get(obj, path);
 	if (JSON.stringify(value) !== JSON.stringify(actualValue)) {
 		throw new Error(
diff --git a/packages/jsondiffpatch/test/formatters/jsonpatch.spec.ts b/packages/jsondiffpatch/test/formatters/jsonpatch.spec.ts
index ae744dd7..67a36199 100644
--- a/packages/jsondiffpatch/test/formatters/jsonpatch.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/jsondiffpatch/test/formatters/jsonpatch.spec.ts
@@ -365,4 +365,27 @@ describe("jsonpatch", () => {
 			replaceOp("/tree~1item", 2),
 		]);
 	});
+
+	// RFC 6902 '-' index support (only for add)
+	describe("RFC6902 '-' index support", () => {
+		it("should append to end of array when using add with '-'", () => {
+			const before = { list: [1, 2, 3] };
+			const ops: jsonpatchFormatter.Op[] = [
+				{ op: "add", path: "/list/-", value: 4 },
+			];
+			const target = jsondiffpatch.clone(before);
+			formatter.patch(target, ops);
+			expect(target).toEqual({ list: [1, 2, 3, 4] });
+		});
+
+		it("should throw when using '-' in remove", () => {
+			const before = { list: [1, 2, 3] };
+			const ops: jsonpatchFormatter.Op[] = [
+				{ op: "remove", path: "/list/-" },
+			];
+			expect(() => formatter.patch(jsondiffpatch.clone(before), ops)).toThrow(
+				/JSONPatch 'remove' path cannot end with '-'/,
+			);
+		});
+	});
 });