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VMProtectAnalyzer.cpp
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#include "pch.h"
#include "VMProtectAnalyzer.hpp"
#include "x86_instruction.hpp"
#include "AbstractStream.hpp"
#include "CFG.hpp"
#include "tritonhelper.hpp"
// helper?
void print_basic_blocks(const std::shared_ptr<BasicBlock> &first_basic_block)
{
std::set<unsigned long long> visit_for_print;
std::shared_ptr<BasicBlock> basic_block = first_basic_block;
for (auto it = basic_block->instructions.begin(); it != basic_block->instructions.end();)
{
const auto& instruction = *it;
if (++it != basic_block->instructions.end())
{
// loop until it reaches end
instruction->print();
continue;
}
// dont print unconditional jmp, they are annoying
if (instruction->get_category() != XED_CATEGORY_UNCOND_BR
|| instruction->get_branch_displacement_width() == 0)
{
instruction->print();
}
visit_for_print.insert(basic_block->leader);
if (basic_block->next_basic_block && visit_for_print.count(basic_block->next_basic_block->leader) <= 0)
{
// print next
basic_block = basic_block->next_basic_block;
}
else if (basic_block->target_basic_block && visit_for_print.count(basic_block->target_basic_block->leader) <= 0)
{
// it ends with jmp?
basic_block = basic_block->target_basic_block;
}
else
{
// perhaps finishes?
break;
}
it = basic_block->instructions.begin();
}
}
// VMProtectAnalyzer
VMProtectAnalyzer::VMProtectAnalyzer(triton::arch::architecture_e arch)
{
triton_api = std::make_shared<triton::API>();
triton_api->setArchitecture(arch);
triton_api->setMode(triton::modes::ALIGNED_MEMORY, true);
//triton_api->setAstRepresentationMode(triton::ast::representations::PYTHON_REPRESENTATION);
this->m_scratch_size = 0;
this->m_temp = 0;
}
VMProtectAnalyzer::~VMProtectAnalyzer()
{
}
bool VMProtectAnalyzer::is_x64() const
{
const triton::arch::architecture_e architecture = this->triton_api->getArchitecture();
switch (architecture)
{
case triton::arch::ARCH_X86:
return false;
case triton::arch::ARCH_X86_64:
return true;
default:
throw std::runtime_error("invalid architecture");
}
}
triton::uint64 VMProtectAnalyzer::get_bp() const
{
switch (triton_api->getArchitecture())
{
case triton::arch::ARCH_X86:
return triton_api->getConcreteRegisterValue(triton_api->registers.x86_ebp).convert_to<triton::uint64>();
case triton::arch::ARCH_X86_64:
return triton_api->getConcreteRegisterValue(triton_api->registers.x86_rbp).convert_to<triton::uint64>();
default:
throw std::runtime_error("invalid architecture");
}
}
triton::uint64 VMProtectAnalyzer::get_sp() const
{
switch (triton_api->getArchitecture())
{
case triton::arch::ARCH_X86:
return triton_api->getConcreteRegisterValue(triton_api->registers.x86_esp).convert_to<triton::uint64>();
case triton::arch::ARCH_X86_64:
return triton_api->getConcreteRegisterValue(triton_api->registers.x86_rsp).convert_to<triton::uint64>();
default:
throw std::runtime_error("invalid architecture");
}
}
triton::uint64 VMProtectAnalyzer::get_ip() const
{
switch (triton_api->getArchitecture())
{
case triton::arch::ARCH_X86:
return triton_api->getConcreteRegisterValue(triton_api->registers.x86_eip).convert_to<triton::uint64>();
case triton::arch::ARCH_X86_64:
return triton_api->getConcreteRegisterValue(triton_api->registers.x86_rip).convert_to<triton::uint64>();
default:
throw std::runtime_error("invalid architecture");
}
}
void VMProtectAnalyzer::symbolize_registers()
{
// symbolize all registers;
if (this->is_x64())
{
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_eax = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(triton_api->registers.x86_rax);
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_ebx = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(triton_api->registers.x86_rbx);
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_ecx = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(triton_api->registers.x86_rcx);
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_edx = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(triton_api->registers.x86_rdx);
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_esi = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(triton_api->registers.x86_rsi);
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_edi = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(triton_api->registers.x86_rdi);
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_ebp = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(triton_api->registers.x86_rbp);
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_esp = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(triton_api->registers.x86_rsp);
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_r8 = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(triton_api->registers.x86_r8);
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_r9 = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(triton_api->registers.x86_r9);
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_r10 = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(triton_api->registers.x86_r10);
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_r11 = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(triton_api->registers.x86_r11);
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_r12 = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(triton_api->registers.x86_r12);
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_r13 = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(triton_api->registers.x86_r13);
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_r14 = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(triton_api->registers.x86_r14);
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_r15 = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(triton_api->registers.x86_r15);
symvar_eax->setAlias("rax");
symvar_ebx->setAlias("rbx");
symvar_ecx->setAlias("rcx");
symvar_edx->setAlias("rdx");
symvar_esi->setAlias("rsi");
symvar_edi->setAlias("rdi");
symvar_ebp->setAlias("rbp");
symvar_esp->setAlias("rsp");
symvar_r8->setAlias("r8");
symvar_r9->setAlias("r9");
symvar_r10->setAlias("r10");
symvar_r11->setAlias("r11");
symvar_r12->setAlias("r12");
symvar_r13->setAlias("r13");
symvar_r14->setAlias("r14");
symvar_r15->setAlias("r15");
}
else
{
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_eax = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(triton_api->registers.x86_eax);
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_ebx = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(triton_api->registers.x86_ebx);
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_ecx = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(triton_api->registers.x86_ecx);
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_edx = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(triton_api->registers.x86_edx);
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_esi = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(triton_api->registers.x86_esi);
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_edi = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(triton_api->registers.x86_edi);
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_ebp = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(triton_api->registers.x86_ebp);
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_esp = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(triton_api->registers.x86_esp);
symvar_eax->setAlias("eax");
symvar_ebx->setAlias("ebx");
symvar_ecx->setAlias("ecx");
symvar_edx->setAlias("edx");
symvar_esi->setAlias("esi");
symvar_edi->setAlias("edi");
symvar_ebp->setAlias("ebp");
symvar_esp->setAlias("esp");
}
}
const triton::arch::Register& VMProtectAnalyzer::get_source_register(const triton::arch::Instruction &triton_instruction) const
{
if (triton_instruction.getType() == triton::arch::x86::ID_INS_POP)
{
// idk...
return triton_api->registers.x86_eflags;
}
if (triton_instruction.getType() != triton::arch::x86::ID_INS_MOV)
{
std::stringstream ss;
ss << "memory has written by undefined opcode\n"
<< "\t" << triton_instruction << "\"\n"
<< "\tFile: " << __FILE__ << ", L: " << __LINE__;
throw std::runtime_error(ss.str());
}
// mov MEM,REG
const std::vector<triton::arch::OperandWrapper> &operands = triton_instruction.operands;
if (operands.size() != 2
|| operands[0].getType() != triton::arch::OP_MEM
|| operands[1].getType() != triton::arch::OP_REG)
{
std::stringstream ss;
ss << "memory has written by unknown instruction\n"
<< "\t" << triton_instruction << "\"\n"
<< "\tFile: " << __FILE__ << ", L: " << __LINE__;
throw std::runtime_error(ss.str());
}
return operands[1].getConstRegister();
}
const triton::arch::Register& VMProtectAnalyzer::get_dest_register(const triton::arch::Instruction &triton_instruction) const
{
const triton::uint32 instruction_type = triton_instruction.getType();
if (instruction_type != triton::arch::x86::ID_INS_MOV
&& instruction_type != triton::arch::x86::ID_INS_MOVZX)
{
std::stringstream ss;
ss << "memory has read by undefined opcode\n"
<< "\t" << triton_instruction << "\"\n"
<< "\tFile: " << __FILE__ << ", L: " << __LINE__;
throw std::runtime_error(ss.str());
}
// [mov|movzx] REG,MEM
const std::vector<triton::arch::OperandWrapper> &operands = triton_instruction.operands;
if (operands.size() != 2
|| operands[0].getType() != triton::arch::OP_REG
|| operands[1].getType() != triton::arch::OP_MEM)
{
std::stringstream ss;
ss << "memory has read by unknown instruction\n"
<< "\t" << triton_instruction << "\"\n"
<< "\tFile: " << __FILE__ << ", L: " << __LINE__;
throw std::runtime_error(ss.str());
}
return operands[0].getConstRegister();
}
bool VMProtectAnalyzer::is_bytecode_address(const triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode &lea_ast, VMPHandlerContext *context)
{
// return true if lea_ast is constructed by bytecode
const std::set<triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode> symvars = collect_symvars(lea_ast);
if (symvars.empty())
return false;
for (auto it = symvars.begin(); it != symvars.end(); ++it)
{
const triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode &node = *it;
const triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable &symvar = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<triton::ast::VariableNode>(node)->getSymbolicVariable();
if (symvar->getId() != context->symvar_bytecode->getId())
return false;
}
return true;
}
bool VMProtectAnalyzer::is_stack_address(const triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode &lea_ast, VMPHandlerContext *context)
{
// return true if lea_ast is constructed by stack
const std::set<triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode> symvars = collect_symvars(lea_ast);
if (symvars.empty())
return false;
for (auto it = symvars.begin(); it != symvars.end(); ++it)
{
const triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode &node = *it;
const triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable &symvar = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<triton::ast::VariableNode>(node)->getSymbolicVariable();
if (symvar != context->symvar_stack)
return false;
}
return true;
}
bool VMProtectAnalyzer::is_scratch_area_address(const triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode &lea_ast, VMPHandlerContext *context)
{
// size is hardcoded for now (can see in any push handler perhaps)
const triton::uint64 runtime_address = lea_ast->evaluate().convert_to<triton::uint64>();
return context->x86_sp <= runtime_address && runtime_address < (context->x86_sp + context->scratch_area_size);
}
bool VMProtectAnalyzer::is_fetch_arguments(const triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode &lea_ast, VMPHandlerContext *context)
{
if (lea_ast->getType() != triton::ast::VARIABLE_NODE)
return false;
const triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable &symvar =
std::dynamic_pointer_cast<triton::ast::VariableNode>(lea_ast)->getSymbolicVariable();
return context->arguments.find(symvar->getId()) != context->arguments.end();
}
bool VMProtectAnalyzer::is_push(VMPHandlerContext *context)
{
// 1 destination (stack)
// stack_offset < 0
char buf[256];
if (context->destinations.size() != 1)
return false;
triton::sint64 stack_offset = this->get_bp() - context->stack; // needs to be signed
if (stack_offset >= 0)
return false;
// <runtime_address, <dest, source>>
std::pair<triton::uint64,
std::pair<triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode, triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode>> _pair = *context->destinations.begin();
const triton::uint64 runtime_address = _pair.first;
const triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode& dest = _pair.second.first;
const triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode& source = _pair.second.second;
if (!this->is_stack_address(dest, context))
return false;
// [stack] = source
if (source->isSymbolized())
{
const triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode simplified = triton_api->processSimplification(source, true);
const triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar = get_symbolic_var(simplified);
if (symvar)
{
if (context->vmvars.find(symvar->getId()) != context->vmvars.end())
{
// push VM_VAR
std::cout << "push VM_VAR handler detected" << std::endl;
// disgusting impl
const std::size_t _pos = symvar->getAlias().find("VM_VAR_");
if (_pos != std::string::npos)
{
unsigned long long scratch_offset = std::stoi(symvar->getAlias().substr(_pos + strlen("VM_VAR_")));
if (stack_offset == (-8))
sprintf_s(buf, 256, "push qword ptr Scratch:[0x%llX]", scratch_offset);
else if (stack_offset == (-4))
sprintf_s(buf, 256, "push dword ptr Scratch:[0x%llX]", scratch_offset);
output_strings.push_back(buf);
return true;
}
}
else if (symvar->getId() == context->symvar_stack->getId())
{
// push stack(ebp)
std::cout << "push SP handler detected" << std::endl;
output_strings.push_back("push SP");
return true;
}
}
}
else
{
// push immediate
const triton::uint64 immediate = source->evaluate().convert_to<triton::uint64>();
if (stack_offset == (-8))
{
std::cout << "push Qword(" << immediate << ") handler detected" << std::endl;
sprintf_s(buf, 256, "push Qword(0x%llX)", immediate);
output_strings.push_back(buf);
}
else if (stack_offset == (-4))
{
std::cout << "push Dword(" << immediate << ") handler detected" << std::endl;
sprintf_s(buf, 256, "push Dword(0x%llX)", immediate);
output_strings.push_back(buf);
}
else if (stack_offset == (-2))
{
std::cout << "push Word(" << immediate << ") handler detected" << std::endl;
sprintf_s(buf, 256, "push Word(0x%llX)", immediate);
output_strings.push_back(buf);
}
else
{
throw std::runtime_error("invalid stack offset");
}
return true;
}
return false;
}
bool VMProtectAnalyzer::is_pop(VMPHandlerContext *context)
{
char buf[256];
const triton::sint64 stack_offset = this->get_bp() - context->stack; // needs to be signed
if (stack_offset != 2 && stack_offset != 4 && stack_offset != 8)
return false;
// 1 arg, 1 dest(stack), stack_offset>0
if (context->arguments.size() != 1 || context->destinations.size() != 1)
return false;
const auto _pair = *context->destinations.begin();
const triton::uint64 runtime_address = _pair.first;
const triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode& dest = _pair.second.first;
const triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode& source = _pair.second.second;
if (!this->is_scratch_area_address(dest, context))
return false;
const triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode simplified = triton_api->processSimplification(source, true);
if (simplified->getType() == triton::ast::VARIABLE_NODE)
{
const triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar =
std::dynamic_pointer_cast<triton::ast::VariableNode>(simplified)->getSymbolicVariable();
if (symvar->getAlias() == "arg0")
{
if (stack_offset == 8)
{
std::cout << "pop qword [VM_VAR] handler detected" << std::endl;
sprintf_s(buf, 256, "pop qword ptr Scratch:[0x%llX]", runtime_address - context->x86_sp);
output_strings.push_back(buf);
}
else if (stack_offset == 4)
{
std::cout << "pop dword ptr [VM_VAR] handler detected" << std::endl;
sprintf_s(buf, 256, "pop dword ptr Scratch:[0x%llX]", runtime_address - context->x86_sp);
output_strings.push_back(buf);
}
else if (stack_offset == 2)
{
std::cout << "pop word ptr [VM_VAR] handler detected" << std::endl;
sprintf_s(buf, 256, "pop word ptr Scratch:[0x%llX]", runtime_address - context->x86_sp);
output_strings.push_back(buf);
}
else
{
throw std::runtime_error("invalid stack offset");
}
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
void VMProtectAnalyzer::load(AbstractStream& stream,
unsigned long long module_base, unsigned long long vmp0_address, unsigned long long vmp0_size)
{
// concretize vmp section memory
unsigned long long vmp_section_address = (module_base + vmp0_address);
unsigned long long vmp_section_size = vmp0_size;
void *vmp0 = malloc(vmp_section_size);
stream.seek(vmp_section_address);
if (stream.read(vmp0, vmp_section_size) != vmp_section_size)
throw std::runtime_error("stream.read failed");
triton_api->setConcreteMemoryAreaValue(vmp_section_address, (const triton::uint8 *)vmp0, vmp_section_size);
free(vmp0);
}
void VMProtectAnalyzer::analyze_vm_enter(AbstractStream& stream, unsigned long long address)
{
// reset symbolic
triton_api->concretizeAllMemory();
//triton_api->concretizeAllRegister();
this->symbolize_registers();
// set esp
const triton::arch::Register sp_register = this->is_x64() ? triton_api->registers.x86_rsp : triton_api->registers.x86_esp;
triton_api->setConcreteRegisterValue(sp_register, 0x1000);
const triton::uint64 previous_sp = this->get_sp();
bool check_flags = true;
std::shared_ptr<BasicBlock> basic_block = make_cfg(stream, address);
for (auto it = basic_block->instructions.begin(); it != basic_block->instructions.end();)
{
const std::shared_ptr<x86_instruction> instruction = *it;
const std::vector<xed_uint8_t> bytes = instruction->get_bytes();
// fix ip
if (this->is_x64())
triton_api->setConcreteRegisterValue(triton_api->registers.x86_rip, instruction->get_addr());
else
triton_api->setConcreteRegisterValue(triton_api->registers.x86_eip, instruction->get_addr());
// do stuff with triton
triton::arch::Instruction triton_instruction;
triton_instruction.setOpcode(&bytes[0], (triton::uint32)bytes.size());
triton_instruction.setAddress(instruction->get_addr());
triton_api->processing(triton_instruction);
// check flags
if (check_flags)
{
// symbolize eflags if pushfd
if (triton_instruction.getType() == triton::arch::x86::ID_INS_PUSHFD)
{
const auto stores = triton_instruction.getStoreAccess();
if (stores.size() != 1)
throw std::runtime_error("bluh");
triton_api->symbolizeMemory(stores.begin()->first)->setAlias("eflags");
}
else if (triton_instruction.getType() == triton::arch::x86::ID_INS_PUSHFQ)
{
const auto stores = triton_instruction.getStoreAccess();
if (stores.size() != 1)
throw std::runtime_error("bluh");
triton_api->symbolizeMemory(stores.begin()->first)->setAlias("rflags");
}
// written_register
for (const auto &pair : triton_instruction.getWrittenRegisters())
{
const triton::arch::Register &written_register = pair.first;
if (written_register.getId() == triton::arch::ID_REG_X86_EFLAGS)
{
check_flags = false;
break;
}
}
}
if (++it != basic_block->instructions.end())
{
// loop until it reaches end
std::cout << triton_instruction << std::endl;
continue;
}
if (instruction->get_category() != XED_CATEGORY_UNCOND_BR || instruction->get_branch_displacement_width() == 0)
{
std::cout << triton_instruction << std::endl;
}
if (basic_block->next_basic_block && basic_block->target_basic_block)
{
// it ends with conditional branch
if (triton_instruction.isConditionTaken())
{
basic_block = basic_block->target_basic_block;
}
else
{
basic_block = basic_block->next_basic_block;
}
}
else if (basic_block->target_basic_block)
{
// it ends with jmp?
basic_block = basic_block->target_basic_block;
}
else if (basic_block->next_basic_block)
{
// just follow :)
basic_block = basic_block->next_basic_block;
}
else
{
// perhaps finishes?
break;
}
it = basic_block->instructions.begin();
}
const triton::uint64 bp = this->get_bp();
const triton::uint64 sp = this->get_sp();
const triton::uint64 scratch_size = bp - sp;
const triton::uint64 scratch_length = scratch_size / triton_api->getGprSize();
const triton::uint64 var_length = (previous_sp - bp) / triton_api->getGprSize();
for (triton::uint64 i = 0; i < var_length; i++)
{
triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode mem_ast = triton_api->getMemoryAst(
triton::arch::MemoryAccess(previous_sp - (i * triton_api->getGprSize()) - triton_api->getGprSize(), triton_api->getGprSize()));
triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode simplified = triton_api->processSimplification(mem_ast, true);
if (simplified->getType() == triton::ast::BV_NODE)
{
triton::uint64 val = simplified->evaluate().convert_to<triton::uint64>();
char buf[1024];
if (this->is_x64())
sprintf_s(buf, 1024, "push Qword(0x%llX)", val);
else
sprintf_s(buf, 1024, "push Dword(0x%llX)", val);
output_strings.push_back(buf);
}
else if (simplified->getType() == triton::ast::VARIABLE_NODE)
{
char buf[1024];
sprintf_s(buf, 1024, "push %s",
std::dynamic_pointer_cast<triton::ast::VariableNode>(simplified)->getSymbolicVariable()->getAlias().c_str());
output_strings.push_back(buf);
}
else
{
throw std::runtime_error("vm enter error");
}
}
printf("scratch_size: 0x%016llX, scratch_length: %lld\n", scratch_size, scratch_length);
this->m_scratch_size = scratch_size;
}
void VMProtectAnalyzer::analyze_vm_handler(AbstractStream& stream, unsigned long long handler_address)
{
// reset
triton_api->concretizeAllMemory();
triton_api->concretizeAllRegister();
// allocate scratch area
const triton::arch::Register rb_register = this->is_x64() ? triton_api->registers.x86_rbp : triton_api->registers.x86_ebp;
const triton::arch::Register sp_register = this->is_x64() ? triton_api->registers.x86_rsp : triton_api->registers.x86_esp;
const triton::arch::Register si_register = this->is_x64() ? triton_api->registers.x86_rsi : triton_api->registers.x86_esi;
constexpr unsigned long c_stack_base = 0x1000;
triton_api->setConcreteRegisterValue(rb_register, c_stack_base);
triton_api->setConcreteRegisterValue(sp_register, c_stack_base - this->m_scratch_size);
unsigned int arg0 = c_stack_base;
triton_api->setConcreteMemoryAreaValue(c_stack_base, (const triton::uint8*)&arg0, 4);
// ebp = VM's "stack" pointer
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_stack = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(rb_register);
// esi = pointer to VM bytecode
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_bytecode = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(si_register);
// x86 stack pointer
triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar_x86_sp = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(sp_register);
symvar_stack->setAlias("stack");
symvar_bytecode->setAlias("bytecode");
symvar_x86_sp->setAlias("sp");
// yo...
VMPHandlerContext context;
context.scratch_area_size = this->is_x64() ? 0x140 : 0x60;
context.address = handler_address;
context.stack = triton_api->getConcreteRegisterValue(rb_register).convert_to<triton::uint64>();
context.bytecode = triton_api->getConcreteRegisterValue(si_register).convert_to<triton::uint64>();
context.x86_sp = triton_api->getConcreteRegisterValue(sp_register).convert_to<triton::uint64>();
context.symvar_stack = symvar_stack;
context.symvar_bytecode = symvar_bytecode;
context.symvar_x86_sp = symvar_x86_sp;
std::shared_ptr<BasicBlock> basic_block;
auto handler_it = this->m_handlers.find(handler_address);
if (handler_it == this->m_handlers.end())
{
basic_block = make_cfg(stream, handler_address);
this->m_handlers.insert(std::make_pair(handler_address, basic_block));
}
else
{
basic_block = handler_it->second;
}
for (auto it = basic_block->instructions.begin(); it != basic_block->instructions.end();)
{
const std::shared_ptr<x86_instruction> xed_instruction = *it;
const std::vector<xed_uint8_t> bytes = xed_instruction->get_bytes();
// do stuff with triton
triton::arch::Instruction triton_instruction;
triton_instruction.setOpcode(&bytes[0], (triton::uint32)bytes.size());
triton_instruction.setAddress(xed_instruction->get_addr());
triton_api->processing(triton_instruction);
if (++it != basic_block->instructions.end())
{
// check store
this->storeAccess(triton_instruction, &context);
// check load
this->loadAccess(triton_instruction, &context);
// loop until it reaches end
std::cout << "\t" << triton_instruction << std::endl;
continue;
}
if (xed_instruction->get_category() != XED_CATEGORY_UNCOND_BR
|| xed_instruction->get_branch_displacement_width() == 0)
{
std::cout << "\t" << triton_instruction << std::endl;
}
if (basic_block->next_basic_block && basic_block->target_basic_block)
{
// it ends with conditional branch
if (triton_instruction.isConditionTaken())
{
basic_block = basic_block->target_basic_block;
}
else
{
basic_block = basic_block->next_basic_block;
}
}
else if (basic_block->target_basic_block)
{
// it ends with jmp?
basic_block = basic_block->target_basic_block;
}
else if (basic_block->next_basic_block)
{
// just follow :)
basic_block = basic_block->next_basic_block;
}
else
{
// perhaps finishes?
break;
}
it = basic_block->instructions.begin();
}
this->categorize_handler(&context);
}
void VMProtectAnalyzer::analyze_vm_exit(unsigned long long handler_address)
{
// not the best impl but faspofkapwskefo
std::stack<x86_register> modified_registers;
const triton::arch::Register rb_register = this->is_x64() ? triton_api->registers.x86_rbp : triton_api->registers.x86_ebp;
const triton::uint64 previous_stack = triton_api->getConcreteRegisterValue(rb_register).convert_to<triton::uint64>();
std::shared_ptr<BasicBlock> basic_block = this->m_handlers[handler_address];
for (auto it = basic_block->instructions.begin(); it != basic_block->instructions.end();)
{
const auto instruction = *it;
const std::vector<xed_uint8_t> bytes = instruction->get_bytes();
// do stuff with triton
triton::arch::Instruction triton_instruction;
triton_instruction.setOpcode(&bytes[0], (triton::uint32)bytes.size());
triton_instruction.setAddress(instruction->get_addr());
triton_api->processing(triton_instruction);
std::vector<x86_register> written_registers = instruction->get_written_registers();
for (const auto& reg : written_registers)
{
if (this->is_x64())
{
if ((reg == XED_REG_RFLAGS || reg.get_gpr_class() == XED_REG_CLASS_GPR64) && reg != XED_REG_RSP)
{
modified_registers.push(reg);
}
}
else
{
if ((reg == XED_REG_EFLAGS || reg.get_gpr_class() == XED_REG_CLASS_GPR32) && reg != XED_REG_ESP)
{
modified_registers.push(reg);
}
}
}
if (++it != basic_block->instructions.end())
{
// loop until it reaches end
std::cout << triton_instruction << std::endl;
continue;
}
if (!instruction->is_branch())
{
std::cout << triton_instruction << std::endl;
}
if (basic_block->next_basic_block && basic_block->target_basic_block)
{
// it ends with conditional branch
if (triton_instruction.isConditionTaken())
{
basic_block = basic_block->target_basic_block;
}
else
{
basic_block = basic_block->next_basic_block;
}
}
else if (basic_block->target_basic_block)
{
// it ends with jmp?
basic_block = basic_block->target_basic_block;
}
else if (basic_block->next_basic_block)
{
// just follow :)
basic_block = basic_block->next_basic_block;
}
else
{
// perhaps finishes?
break;
}
it = basic_block->instructions.begin();
}
std::set<x86_register> _set;
std::stack<x86_register> _final;
while (!modified_registers.empty())
{
x86_register r = modified_registers.top();
modified_registers.pop();
if (_set.count(r) == 0)
{
_set.insert(r);
_final.push(r);
}
}
while (!_final.empty())
{
x86_register r = _final.top();
_final.pop();
std::string s = "pop " + std::string(r.get_name());
this->output_strings.push_back(s);
}
this->output_strings.push_back("ret");
}
void VMProtectAnalyzer::loadAccess(triton::arch::Instruction &triton_instruction, VMPHandlerContext *context)
{
const auto& loadAccess = triton_instruction.getLoadAccess();
for (const std::pair<triton::arch::MemoryAccess, triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode>& pair : loadAccess)
{
const triton::arch::MemoryAccess &mem = pair.first;
const triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode &mem_ast = pair.second;
const triton::uint64 address = mem.getAddress();
triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode lea_ast = mem.getLeaAst();
if (!lea_ast)
{
// most likely can be ignored
continue;
}
lea_ast = triton_api->processSimplification(lea_ast, true);
if (!lea_ast->isSymbolized())
{
// most likely can be ignored
continue;
}
const triton::arch::Register& dest_register = this->get_dest_register(triton_instruction);
if (this->is_bytecode_address(lea_ast, context))
{
switch (mem.getSize())
{
case 1:
case 2:
case 4:
case 8:
{
// valid mem size
break;
}
default:
{
std::stringstream ss;
ss << "invalid mem size";
throw std::runtime_error(ss.str());
}
}
// bytecode can be considered const value
if (0)
{
std::string alias = "bytecode-" + std::to_string(mem.getSize());
const triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(dest_register);
symvar->setAlias(alias);
context->bytecodes.insert(std::make_pair(symvar->getId(), symvar));
}
printf("%s=bytecode(%d)\n", dest_register.getName().c_str(), mem.getSize());
}
else if (this->is_scratch_area_address(lea_ast, context))
{
unsigned long long offset = lea_ast->evaluate().convert_to<unsigned long long>() - context->x86_sp;
char var_name[64];
sprintf_s(var_name, 64, "VM_VAR_%lld", offset);
const triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(dest_register);
symvar->setAlias(var_name);
context->vmvars.insert(std::make_pair(symvar->getId(), symvar));
std::cout << dest_register.getName() << "= [x86_sp + 0x" << std::hex << offset << "]" << std::endl;
}
else if (this->is_stack_address(lea_ast, context))
{
const triton::uint64 arg_offset = address - context->stack;
if (arg_offset == 0)
{
printf("%s=arg0(%dbytes)\n", dest_register.getName().c_str(), mem.getSize());
const triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(dest_register);
symvar->setAlias("arg0");
context->arguments.insert(std::make_pair(symvar->getId(), symvar));
}
else if (arg_offset == 2)
{
printf("%s=arg1(%dbytes)\n", dest_register.getName().c_str(), mem.getSize());
const triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(dest_register);
symvar->setAlias("arg1");
context->arguments.insert(std::make_pair(symvar->getId(), symvar));
}
else if (arg_offset == 4)
{
printf("%s=arg1(%dbytes)\n", dest_register.getName().c_str(), mem.getSize());
const triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(dest_register);
symvar->setAlias("arg1");
context->arguments.insert(std::make_pair(symvar->getId(), symvar));
}
else if (arg_offset == 8)
{
printf("%s=arg2(%dbytes)\n", dest_register.getName().c_str(), mem.getSize());
const triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(dest_register);
symvar->setAlias("arg2");
context->arguments.insert(std::make_pair(symvar->getId(), symvar));
}
else
{
throw std::runtime_error("invalid arg offset");
}
}
else if (this->is_fetch_arguments(lea_ast, context))
{
const triton::arch::Register &segment_register = mem.getConstSegmentRegister();
if (segment_register.getId() == triton::arch::ID_REG_INVALID)
{
// DS?
}
std::string alias = "fetch_" + segment_register.getName() + ":"
+ std::dynamic_pointer_cast<triton::ast::VariableNode>(lea_ast)->getSymbolicVariable()->getAlias();
const triton::arch::Register& dest_register = this->get_dest_register(triton_instruction);
const triton::engines::symbolic::SharedSymbolicVariable symvar = triton_api->symbolizeRegister(dest_register);
symvar->setAlias(alias);
context->fetched.insert(std::make_pair(symvar->getId(), symvar));
printf("fetched to %s\n", dest_register.getName().c_str());
}
else
{
std::cout << triton_instruction << std::endl;
std::cout << lea_ast << std::endl;
//throw std::runtime_error("unknown memory read has found.");
}
}
}
void VMProtectAnalyzer::storeAccess(triton::arch::Instruction &triton_instruction, VMPHandlerContext *context)
{
const auto& storeAccess = triton_instruction.getStoreAccess();
for (const std::pair<triton::arch::MemoryAccess, triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode>& pair : storeAccess)
{
const triton::arch::MemoryAccess &mem = pair.first;
const triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode &mem_ast = pair.second;
const triton::uint64 address = mem.getAddress();
triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode lea_ast = mem.getLeaAst();
if (!lea_ast)
{
// most likely can be ignored
continue;
}
lea_ast = triton_api->processSimplification(lea_ast, true);
if (!lea_ast->isSymbolized())
{
// most likely can be ignored
continue;
}
if (this->is_scratch_area_address(lea_ast, context))
{
// mov MEM, REG
const triton::arch::Register& source_register = this->get_source_register(triton_instruction);
const triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode register_ast = triton_api->processSimplification(triton_api->getRegisterAst(source_register), true);
context->insert_scratch(lea_ast, register_ast);
const triton::uint64 scratch_offset = lea_ast->evaluate().convert_to<triton::uint64>() - context->x86_sp;
std::cout << "[x86_sp + 0x" << std::hex << scratch_offset << "] = " << register_ast << std::endl;
}
else if (this->is_stack_address(lea_ast, context))
{
// stores to stack
const triton::arch::Register& source_register = this->get_source_register(triton_instruction);
const triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode register_ast = triton_api->processSimplification(triton_api->getRegisterAst(source_register), true);
context->insert_scratch(lea_ast, register_ast);
std::cout << "[" << lea_ast << "]=" << register_ast << std::endl;
}
else if (this->is_fetch_arguments(lea_ast, context))
{
// mov MEM, REG
const triton::arch::Register& source_register = this->get_source_register(triton_instruction);
const triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode register_ast = triton_api->processSimplification(triton_api->getRegisterAst(source_register), true);
context->insert_scratch(lea_ast, register_ast);
std::cout << "[" << lea_ast << "]=" << register_ast << std::endl;
}
else
{
std::cout << lea_ast << std::endl;
}
}
}
void VMProtectAnalyzer::categorize_handler(VMPHandlerContext *context)
{
const triton::arch::Register rb_register = this->is_x64() ? triton_api->registers.x86_rbp : triton_api->registers.x86_ebp;
const triton::arch::Register sp_register = this->is_x64() ? triton_api->registers.x86_rsp : triton_api->registers.x86_esp;
const triton::arch::Register si_register = this->is_x64() ? triton_api->registers.x86_rsi : triton_api->registers.x86_esi;
const triton::uint64 bytecode = triton_api->getConcreteRegisterValue(si_register).convert_to<triton::uint64>();
const triton::uint64 sp = this->get_sp();