chore(eks): nodegroup add missing AL2023 AMI type (#32418)

### Issue # (if applicable)

Closes #32378 

### Reason for this change

<!--What is the bug or use case behind this change?-->
- Missing AL2023 AMI type

### Description of changes

<!--What code changes did you make? Have you made any important design
decisions?-->
- Add missing AL2023 AMI type

### Description of how you validated changes

<!--Have you added any unit tests and/or integration tests?-->
Integration test

### Checklist
- [x] My code adheres to the [CONTRIBUTING
GUIDE](https://github.com/aws/aws-cdk/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md) and
[DESIGN
GUIDELINES](https://github.com/aws/aws-cdk/blob/main/docs/DESIGN_GUIDELINES.md)

----

*By submitting this pull request, I confirm that my contribution is made
under the terms of the Apache-2.0 license*

---------

Co-authored-by: Jimmy Gaussen <[email protected]>

Author: phuhung273