diff --git a/crates/uv-cli/src/lib.rs b/crates/uv-cli/src/lib.rs
index 9809a3d9c3a77..ae59f289c15bb 100644
--- a/crates/uv-cli/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/uv-cli/src/lib.rs
@@ -1432,7 +1432,7 @@ pub struct PipCompileArgs {
     /// Include optional dependencies from the specified extra name; may be provided more than once.
     ///
     /// Only applies to `pyproject.toml`, `setup.py`, and `setup.cfg` sources.
-    #[arg(long, value_delimiter = ',', conflicts_with = "all_extras", value_parser = extra_name_with_clap_error)]
+    #[arg(short = 'E', long, value_delimiter = ',', conflicts_with = "all_extras", value_parser = extra_name_with_clap_error)]
     pub extra: Option<Vec<ExtraName>>,
 
     /// Include all optional dependencies.
@@ -1789,7 +1789,7 @@ pub struct PipSyncArgs {
     /// Include optional dependencies from the specified extra name; may be provided more than once.
     ///
     /// Only applies to `pylock.toml`, `pyproject.toml`, `setup.py`, and `setup.cfg` sources.
-    #[arg(long, value_delimiter = ',', conflicts_with = "all_extras", value_parser = extra_name_with_clap_error)]
+    #[arg(short = 'E', long, value_delimiter = ',', conflicts_with = "all_extras", value_parser = extra_name_with_clap_error)]
     pub extra: Option<Vec<ExtraName>>,
 
     /// Include all optional dependencies.
@@ -2158,7 +2158,7 @@ pub struct PipInstallArgs {
     /// Include optional dependencies from the specified extra name; may be provided more than once.
     ///
     /// Only applies to `pylock.toml`, `pyproject.toml`, `setup.py`, and `setup.cfg` sources.
-    #[arg(long, value_delimiter = ',', conflicts_with = "all_extras", value_parser = extra_name_with_clap_error)]
+    #[arg(short = 'E', long, value_delimiter = ',', conflicts_with = "all_extras", value_parser = extra_name_with_clap_error)]
     pub extra: Option<Vec<ExtraName>>,
 
     /// Include all optional dependencies.
@@ -3467,6 +3467,7 @@ pub struct RunArgs {
     ///
     /// This option is only available when running in a project.
     #[arg(
+        short = 'E',
         long,
         conflicts_with = "all_extras",
         conflicts_with = "only_group",
@@ -3795,6 +3796,7 @@ pub struct SyncArgs {
     /// Note that all optional dependencies are always included in the resolution; this option only
     /// affects the selection of packages to install.
     #[arg(
+        short = 'E',
         long,
         conflicts_with = "all_extras",
         conflicts_with = "only_group",
@@ -4328,7 +4330,7 @@ pub struct AddArgs {
     /// May be provided more than once.
     ///
     /// To add this dependency to an optional extra instead, see `--optional`.
-    #[arg(long, value_hint = ValueHint::Other)]
+    #[arg(short = 'E', long, value_hint = ValueHint::Other)]
     pub extra: Option<Vec<ExtraName>>,
 
     /// Avoid syncing the virtual environment [env: UV_NO_SYNC=]
@@ -4805,7 +4807,7 @@ pub struct ExportArgs {
     /// Include optional dependencies from the specified extra name.
     ///
     /// May be provided more than once.
-    #[arg(long, value_delimiter = ',', conflicts_with = "all_extras", conflicts_with = "only_group", value_parser = extra_name_with_clap_error)]
+    #[arg(short = 'E', long, value_delimiter = ',', conflicts_with = "all_extras", conflicts_with = "only_group", value_parser = extra_name_with_clap_error)]
     pub extra: Option<Vec<ExtraName>>,
 
     /// Include all optional dependencies.
diff --git a/crates/uv/tests/it/edit.rs b/crates/uv/tests/it/edit.rs
index bfd714d134c05..fc2bf51b761ce 100644
--- a/crates/uv/tests/it/edit.rs
+++ b/crates/uv/tests/it/edit.rs
@@ -3377,6 +3377,64 @@ fn update() -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
+/// Verify that `-E` works as a shorthand for `--extra` in `uv add`.
+#[test]
+#[cfg(feature = "test-git")]
+fn add_extra_shorthand() -> Result<()> {
+    let context = uv_test::test_context!("3.12");
+
+    let pyproject_toml = context.temp_dir.child("pyproject.toml");
+    pyproject_toml.write_str(indoc! {r#"
+        [project]
+        name = "project"
+        version = "0.1.0"
+        requires-python = ">=3.12"
+        dependencies = [
+            "requests==2.31.0",
+        ]
+    "#})?;
+
+    // Use `-E` to enable extras (multiple times).
+    uv_snapshot!(context.filters(), context.add().arg("requests; python_version > '3.7'").args(["-E", "use_chardet_on_py3", "-E", "socks"]), @"
+    success: true
+    exit_code: 0
+    ----- stdout -----
+
+    ----- stderr -----
+    Resolved 8 packages in [TIME]
+    Prepared 7 packages in [TIME]
+    Installed 7 packages in [TIME]
+     + certifi==2024.2.2
+     + chardet==5.2.0
+     + charset-normalizer==3.3.2
+     + idna==3.6
+     + pysocks==1.7.1
+     + requests==2.31.0
+     + urllib3==2.2.1
+    ");
+
+    let pyproject_toml = context.read("pyproject.toml");
+
+    insta::with_settings!({
+        filters => context.filters(),
+    }, {
+        assert_snapshot!(
+            pyproject_toml, @r#"
+        [project]
+        name = "project"
+        version = "0.1.0"
+        requires-python = ">=3.12"
+        dependencies = [
+            "requests==2.31.0",
+            "requests[socks,use-chardet-on-py3]>=2.31.0 ; python_full_version >= '3.8'",
+        ]
+        "#
+        );
+    });
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 /// Add and update a requirement, with different markers
 #[test]
 fn add_update_marker() -> Result<()> {
diff --git a/crates/uv/tests/it/export.rs b/crates/uv/tests/it/export.rs
index 775605443861a..349e01a937fce 100644
--- a/crates/uv/tests/it/export.rs
+++ b/crates/uv/tests/it/export.rs
@@ -8830,6 +8830,82 @@ fn cyclonedx_export_virtual_workspace_fixture() -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn export_extra_shorthand() -> Result<()> {
+    let context = uv_test::test_context!("3.12");
+
+    let pyproject_toml = context.temp_dir.child("pyproject.toml");
+    pyproject_toml.write_str(
+        r#"
+        [project]
+        name = "project"
+        version = "0.1.0"
+        requires-python = ">=3.12"
+        dependencies = ["typing-extensions"]
+
+        [project.optional-dependencies]
+        async = ["anyio==3.7.0"]
+        pytest = ["iniconfig"]
+
+        [build-system]
+        requires = ["setuptools>=42"]
+        build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
+        "#,
+    )?;
+
+    context.lock().assert().success();
+
+    uv_snapshot!(context.filters(), context.export().arg("-E").arg("pytest").arg("-E").arg("async").arg("--no-extra").arg("pytest"), @r#"
+    success: true
+    exit_code: 0
+    ----- stdout -----
+    # This file was autogenerated by uv via the following command:
+    #    uv export --cache-dir [CACHE_DIR] -E pytest -E async --no-extra pytest
+    -e .
+    anyio==3.7.0 \
+        --hash=sha256:275d9973793619a5374e1c89a4f4ad3f4b0a5510a2b5b939444bee8f4c4d37ce \
+        --hash=sha256:eddca883c4175f14df8aedce21054bfca3adb70ffe76a9f607aef9d7fa2ea7f0
+        # via project
+    idna==3.6 \
+        --hash=sha256:9ecdbbd083b06798ae1e86adcbfe8ab1479cf864e4ee30fe4e46a003d12491ca \
+        --hash=sha256:c05567e9c24a6b9faaa835c4821bad0590fbb9d5779e7caa6e1cc4978e7eb24f
+        # via anyio
+    sniffio==1.3.1 \
+        --hash=sha256:2f6da418d1f1e0fddd844478f41680e794e6051915791a034ff65e5f100525a2 \
+        --hash=sha256:f4324edc670a0f49750a81b895f35c3adb843cca46f0530f79fc1babb23789dc
+        # via anyio
+    typing-extensions==4.10.0 \
+        --hash=sha256:69b1a937c3a517342112fb4c6df7e72fc39a38e7891a5730ed4985b5214b5475 \
+        --hash=sha256:b0abd7c89e8fb96f98db18d86106ff1d90ab692004eb746cf6eda2682f91b3cb
+        # via project
+
+    ----- stderr -----
+    Resolved 6 packages in [TIME]
+    "#);
+
+    uv_snapshot!(context.filters(), context.export().arg("-E").arg("pytest"), @r#"
+    success: true
+    exit_code: 0
+    ----- stdout -----
+    # This file was autogenerated by uv via the following command:
+    #    uv export --cache-dir [CACHE_DIR] -E pytest
+    -e .
+    iniconfig==2.0.0 \
+        --hash=sha256:2d91e135bf72d31a410b17c16da610a82cb55f6b0477d1a902134b24a455b8b3 \
+        --hash=sha256:b6a85871a79d2e3b22d2d1b94ac2824226a63c6b741c88f7ae975f18b6778374
+        # via project
+    typing-extensions==4.10.0 \
+        --hash=sha256:69b1a937c3a517342112fb4c6df7e72fc39a38e7891a5730ed4985b5214b5475 \
+        --hash=sha256:b0abd7c89e8fb96f98db18d86106ff1d90ab692004eb746cf6eda2682f91b3cb
+        # via project
+
+    ----- stderr -----
+    Resolved 6 packages in [TIME]
+    "#);
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn pylock_toml_filter_by_requires_python() -> Result<()> {
     let context = uv_test::test_context!("3.12");
diff --git a/crates/uv/tests/it/pip_compile.rs b/crates/uv/tests/it/pip_compile.rs
index 92373fc054bae..824bf727137d5 100644
--- a/crates/uv/tests/it/pip_compile.rs
+++ b/crates/uv/tests/it/pip_compile.rs
@@ -18317,3 +18317,45 @@ async fn compile_missing_python_download_error_warning() {
       Caused by: tunnel error: unsuccessful
     ");
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn pip_compile_extra_shorthand() -> Result<()> {
+    let context = uv_test::test_context!("3.12");
+    let pyproject_toml = context.temp_dir.child("pyproject.toml");
+    pyproject_toml.write_str(
+        r#"[build-system]
+requires = ["setuptools>=42"]
+
+[project]
+name = "project"
+version = "0.1.0"
+dependencies = []
+optional-dependencies.foo = [
+    "anyio==3.7.0",
+]
+"#,
+    )?;
+
+    uv_snapshot!(context.filters(), context.pip_compile()
+            .arg("pyproject.toml")
+            .arg("-E")
+            .arg("foo"), @"
+    success: true
+    exit_code: 0
+    ----- stdout -----
+    # This file was autogenerated by uv via the following command:
+    #    uv pip compile --cache-dir [CACHE_DIR] pyproject.toml -E foo
+    anyio==3.7.0
+        # via project (pyproject.toml)
+    idna==3.6
+        # via anyio
+    sniffio==1.3.1
+        # via anyio
+
+    ----- stderr -----
+    Resolved 3 packages in [TIME]
+    "
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}
diff --git a/crates/uv/tests/it/pip_install.rs b/crates/uv/tests/it/pip_install.rs
index 3d29517ca24d4..5ba2992719bfb 100644
--- a/crates/uv/tests/it/pip_install.rs
+++ b/crates/uv/tests/it/pip_install.rs
@@ -14195,3 +14195,51 @@ fn warn_on_lzma_wheel() {
     "
     );
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn pip_install_extra_shorthand() -> Result<()> {
+    let context = uv_test::test_context!("3.12");
+    let pyproject_toml = context.temp_dir.child("pyproject.toml");
+    pyproject_toml.write_str(indoc! {r#"
+        [tool.poetry]
+name = "poetry-editable"
+version = "0.1.0"
+description = ""
+authors = ["Astral Software Inc. <hey@astral.sh>"]
+
+[tool.poetry.dependencies]
+python = "^3.10"
+anyio = "^3"
+iniconfig = { version = "*", optional = true }
+
+[tool.poetry.extras]
+test = ["iniconfig"]
+
+[build-system]
+requires = ["poetry-core"]
+build-backend = "poetry.core.masonry.api"
+"#,
+    })?;
+
+    uv_snapshot!(context.pip_install()
+            .arg("-r")
+            .arg("pyproject.toml")
+            .arg("-E")
+            .arg("test"), @"
+    success: true
+    exit_code: 0
+    ----- stdout -----
+
+    ----- stderr -----
+    Resolved 4 packages in [TIME]
+    Prepared 4 packages in [TIME]
+    Installed 4 packages in [TIME]
+     + anyio==3.7.1
+     + idna==3.6
+     + iniconfig==2.0.0
+     + sniffio==1.3.1
+    "
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}
diff --git a/crates/uv/tests/it/pip_sync.rs b/crates/uv/tests/it/pip_sync.rs
index 20959f383e239..e9095a943cc99 100644
--- a/crates/uv/tests/it/pip_sync.rs
+++ b/crates/uv/tests/it/pip_sync.rs
@@ -6214,3 +6214,54 @@ fn sync_with_target_installs_missing_python() -> Result<()> {
     );
     Ok(())
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn pip_sync_extra_shorthand() -> Result<()> {
+    let context = uv_test::test_context!("3.12");
+
+    let pyproject_toml = context.temp_dir.child("pyproject.toml");
+    pyproject_toml.write_str(
+        r#"
+        [project]
+        name = "project"
+        version = "0.1.0"
+        requires-python = ">=3.12"
+        dependencies = []
+
+        [project.optional-dependencies]
+        types = ["typing-extensions>=4"]
+        async = ["anyio>3"]
+        "#,
+    )?;
+
+    // Generate a lock file with the extras.
+    context
+        .export()
+        .arg("-o")
+        .arg("pylock.toml")
+        .arg("-E")
+        .arg("types")
+        .arg("-E")
+        .arg("async")
+        .assert()
+        .success();
+
+    uv_snapshot!(context.filters(), context.pip_sync()
+        .arg("--preview")
+        .arg("pylock.toml")
+        .args(["-E", "types", "-E", "async"]), @r#"
+    success: true
+    exit_code: 0
+    ----- stdout -----
+
+    ----- stderr -----
+    Prepared 4 packages in [TIME]
+    Installed 4 packages in [TIME]
+     + anyio==4.3.0
+     + idna==3.6
+     + sniffio==1.3.1
+     + typing-extensions==4.10.0
+    "#);
+
+    Ok(())
+}
diff --git a/crates/uv/tests/it/run.rs b/crates/uv/tests/it/run.rs
index 2dc8d532f6e89..f0617754e0f49 100644
--- a/crates/uv/tests/it/run.rs
+++ b/crates/uv/tests/it/run.rs
@@ -6246,3 +6246,49 @@ fn run_target_workspace_discovery_bare_script() -> Result<()> {
 
     Ok(())
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn run_extra_shorthand() -> Result<()> {
+    let context = uv_test::test_context!("3.12");
+
+    let pyproject_toml = context.temp_dir.child("pyproject.toml");
+    pyproject_toml.write_str(indoc! { r#"
+        [project]
+        name = "project"
+        version = "0.1.0"
+        requires-python = ">=3.12.0"
+        dependencies = []
+
+        [project.optional-dependencies]
+        foo = ["iniconfig==2.0.0"]
+        bar = ["iniconfig==1.1.1"]
+
+        [tool.uv]
+        conflicts = [
+          [
+            { extra = "foo" },
+            { extra = "bar" },
+          ],
+        ]
+        "#
+    })?;
+
+    uv_snapshot!(context.filters(), context.run()
+        .arg("-E")
+        .arg("foo")
+        .arg("python")
+        .arg("-c")
+        .arg("import iniconfig"), @"
+    success: true
+    exit_code: 0
+    ----- stdout -----
+
+    ----- stderr -----
+    Resolved 3 packages in [TIME]
+    Prepared 1 package in [TIME]
+    Installed 1 package in [TIME]
+     + iniconfig==2.0.0
+    ");
+
+    Ok(())
+}
diff --git a/crates/uv/tests/it/sync.rs b/crates/uv/tests/it/sync.rs
index 9039c2ff4aeb0..7f7a742c31424 100644
--- a/crates/uv/tests/it/sync.rs
+++ b/crates/uv/tests/it/sync.rs
@@ -15613,3 +15613,42 @@ fn sync_reinstalls_on_version_change() -> Result<()> {
 
     Ok(())
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn sync_extra_shorthand() -> Result<()> {
+    let context = uv_test::test_context!("3.12");
+
+    let pyproject_toml = context.temp_dir.child("pyproject.toml");
+    pyproject_toml.write_str(
+        r#"
+        [project]
+        name = "project"
+        version = "0.1.0"
+        requires-python = ">=3.12"
+        dependencies = []
+
+        [project.optional-dependencies]
+        types = ["typing-extensions>=4"]
+        async = ["anyio>3"]
+        "#,
+    )?;
+
+    context.lock().assert().success();
+
+    uv_snapshot!(context.filters(), context.sync().args(["-E", "types", "-E", "async"]), @r#"
+    success: true
+    exit_code: 0
+    ----- stdout -----
+
+    ----- stderr -----
+    Resolved 5 packages in [TIME]
+    Prepared 4 packages in [TIME]
+    Installed 4 packages in [TIME]
+     + anyio==4.3.0
+     + idna==3.6
+     + sniffio==1.3.1
+     + typing-extensions==4.10.0
+    "#);
+
+    Ok(())
+}