diff --git a/connect/common/src/test/resources/query-tests/explain-results/function_base64.explain b/connect/common/src/test/resources/query-tests/explain-results/function_base64.explain
index f80f3522190d..d3a250919ea5 100644
--- a/connect/common/src/test/resources/query-tests/explain-results/function_base64.explain
+++ b/connect/common/src/test/resources/query-tests/explain-results/function_base64.explain
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-Project [base64(cast(g#0 as binary)) AS base64(CAST(g AS BINARY))#0]
+Project [static_invoke(Base64.encode(cast(g#0 as binary), false)) AS base64(CAST(g AS BINARY))#0]
 +- LocalRelation <empty>, [id#0L, a#0, b#0, d#0, e#0, f#0, g#0]
diff --git a/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/stringExpressions.scala b/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/stringExpressions.scala
index f25f58731c8c..b188b9c2630f 100755
--- a/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/stringExpressions.scala
+++ b/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/stringExpressions.scala
@@ -2682,24 +2682,40 @@ case class Chr(child: Expression)
   """,
   since = "1.5.0",
   group = "string_funcs")
-case class Base64(child: Expression)
-  extends UnaryExpression with ImplicitCastInputTypes with NullIntolerant {
+case class Base64(child: Expression, chunkBase64: Boolean)
+  extends UnaryExpression with RuntimeReplaceable with ImplicitCastInputTypes {
+
+  def this(expr: Expression) = this(expr, SQLConf.get.chunkBase64StringEnabled)
 
   override def dataType: DataType = SQLConf.get.defaultStringType
   override def inputTypes: Seq[DataType] = Seq(BinaryType)
 
-  protected override def nullSafeEval(bytes: Any): Any = {
-    UTF8String.fromBytes(JBase64.getMimeEncoder.encode(bytes.asInstanceOf[Array[Byte]]))
-  }
+  override def replacement: Expression = StaticInvoke(
+    classOf[Base64],
+    dataType,
+    "encode",
+    Seq(child, Literal(chunkBase64, BooleanType)),
+    Seq(BinaryType, BooleanType))
 
-  override def doGenCode(ctx: CodegenContext, ev: ExprCode): ExprCode = {
-    nullSafeCodeGen(ctx, ev, (child) => {
-      s"""${ev.value} = UTF8String.fromBytes(
-            ${classOf[JBase64].getName}.getMimeEncoder().encode($child));
-       """})
-  }
+  override def toString: String = s"$prettyName($child)"
 
-  override protected def withNewChildInternal(newChild: Expression): Base64 = copy(child = newChild)
+  override protected def withNewChildInternal(newChild: Expression): Expression =
+    copy(child = newChild)
+}
+
+object Base64 {
+  def apply(expr: Expression): Base64 = new Base64(expr)
+
+  private lazy val nonChunkEncoder = JBase64.getMimeEncoder(-1, Array())
+
+  def encode(input: Array[Byte], chunkBase64: Boolean): UTF8String = {
+    val encoder = if (chunkBase64) {
+      JBase64.getMimeEncoder
+    } else {
+      nonChunkEncoder
+    }
+    UTF8String.fromBytes(encoder.encode(input))
+  }
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/internal/SQLConf.scala b/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/internal/SQLConf.scala
index 6ca831f99304..65beb21d59d9 100644
--- a/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/internal/SQLConf.scala
+++ b/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/internal/SQLConf.scala
@@ -3525,6 +3525,15 @@ object SQLConf {
     .booleanConf
     .createWithDefault(false)
 
+  val CHUNK_BASE64_STRING_ENABLED = buildConf("spark.sql.legacy.chunkBase64String.enabled")
+    .internal()
+    .doc("Whether to truncate string generated by the `Base64` function. When true, base64" +
+      " strings generated by the base64 function are chunked into lines of at most 76" +
+      " characters. When false, the base64 strings are not chunked.")
+    .version("3.5.2")
+    .booleanConf
+    .createWithDefault(false)
+
   val ENABLE_DEFAULT_COLUMNS =
     buildConf("spark.sql.defaultColumn.enabled")
       .internal()
@@ -5856,6 +5865,8 @@ class SQLConf extends Serializable with Logging with SqlApiConf {
 
   def ansiRelationPrecedence: Boolean = ansiEnabled && getConf(ANSI_RELATION_PRECEDENCE)
 
+  def chunkBase64StringEnabled: Boolean = getConf(CHUNK_BASE64_STRING_ENABLED)
+
   def timestampType: AtomicType = getConf(TIMESTAMP_TYPE) match {
     case "TIMESTAMP_LTZ" =>
       // For historical reason, the TimestampType maps to TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE
diff --git a/sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/StringExpressionsSuite.scala b/sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/StringExpressionsSuite.scala
index ebd724543481..2ad8652f2b31 100644
--- a/sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/StringExpressionsSuite.scala
+++ b/sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/StringExpressionsSuite.scala
@@ -509,6 +509,19 @@ class StringExpressionsSuite extends SparkFunSuite with ExpressionEvalHelper {
     GenerateUnsafeProjection.generate(StringDecode(b, Literal("\"quote")).replacement :: Nil)
   }
 
+  test("SPARK-47307: base64 encoding without chunking") {
+    val longString = "a" * 58
+    val encoded = "YWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYQ=="
+    withSQLConf(SQLConf.CHUNK_BASE64_STRING_ENABLED.key -> "false") {
+      checkEvaluation(Base64(Literal(longString.getBytes)), encoded)
+    }
+    val chunkEncoded =
+      s"YWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFh\r\nYQ=="
+    withSQLConf(SQLConf.CHUNK_BASE64_STRING_ENABLED.key -> "true") {
+      checkEvaluation(Base64(Literal(longString.getBytes)), chunkEncoded)
+    }
+  }
+
   test("initcap unit test") {
     checkEvaluation(InitCap(Literal.create(null, StringType)), null)
     checkEvaluation(InitCap(Literal("a b")), "A B")