diff --git a/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/history/FsHistoryProvider.scala b/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/history/FsHistoryProvider.scala
index 25ea75acc37d3..891c5bffa52ed 100644
--- a/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/history/FsHistoryProvider.scala
+++ b/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/history/FsHistoryProvider.scala
@@ -128,6 +128,8 @@ private[history] class FsHistoryProvider(conf: SparkConf, clock: Clock)
   private val storePath = conf.get(LOCAL_STORE_DIR).map(new File(_))
   private val fastInProgressParsing = conf.get(FAST_IN_PROGRESS_PARSING)
 
+  private val hybridStoreEnabled = conf.get(History.HYBRID_STORE_ENABLED)
+
   // Visible for testing.
   private[history] val listing: KVStore = storePath.map { path =>
     val dbPath = Files.createDirectories(new File(path, "listing.ldb").toPath()).toFile()
@@ -158,6 +160,11 @@ private[history] class FsHistoryProvider(conf: SparkConf, clock: Clock)
     new HistoryServerDiskManager(conf, path, listing, clock)
   }
 
+  private var memoryManager: HistoryServerMemoryManager = null
+  if (hybridStoreEnabled) {
+    memoryManager = new HistoryServerMemoryManager(conf)
+  }
+
   private val fileCompactor = new EventLogFileCompactor(conf, hadoopConf, fs,
     conf.get(EVENT_LOG_ROLLING_MAX_FILES_TO_RETAIN), conf.get(EVENT_LOG_COMPACTION_SCORE_THRESHOLD))
 
@@ -262,6 +269,9 @@ private[history] class FsHistoryProvider(conf: SparkConf, clock: Clock)
 
   private def startPolling(): Unit = {
     diskManager.foreach(_.initialize())
+    if (memoryManager != null) {
+      memoryManager.initialize()
+    }
 
     // Validate the log directory.
     val path = new Path(logDir)
@@ -1167,6 +1177,95 @@ private[history] class FsHistoryProvider(conf: SparkConf, clock: Clock)
     // At this point the disk data either does not exist or was deleted because it failed to
     // load, so the event log needs to be replayed.
 
+    // If the hybrid store is enabled, try it first and fail back to leveldb store.
+    if (hybridStoreEnabled) {
+      try {
+        return createHybridStore(dm, appId, attempt, metadata)
+      } catch {
+        case e: Exception =>
+          logInfo(s"Failed to create HybridStore for $appId/${attempt.info.attemptId}." +
+            " Using LevelDB.", e)
+      }
+    }
+
+    createLevelDBStore(dm, appId, attempt, metadata)
+  }
+
+  private def createHybridStore(
+      dm: HistoryServerDiskManager,
+      appId: String,
+      attempt: AttemptInfoWrapper,
+      metadata: AppStatusStoreMetadata): KVStore = {
+    var retried = false
+    var hybridStore: HybridStore = null
+    val reader = EventLogFileReader(fs, new Path(logDir, attempt.logPath),
+      attempt.lastIndex)
+
+    // Use InMemoryStore to rebuild app store
+    while (hybridStore == null) {
+      // A RuntimeException will be thrown if the heap memory is not sufficient
+      memoryManager.lease(appId, attempt.info.attemptId, reader.totalSize,
+        reader.compressionCodec)
+      var store: HybridStore = null
+      try {
+        store = new HybridStore()
+        rebuildAppStore(store, reader, attempt.info.lastUpdated.getTime())
+        hybridStore = store
+      } catch {
+        case _: IOException if !retried =>
+          // compaction may touch the file(s) which app rebuild wants to read
+          // compaction wouldn't run in short interval, so try again...
+          logWarning(s"Exception occurred while rebuilding log path ${attempt.logPath} - " +
+            "trying again...")
+          store.close()
+          memoryManager.release(appId, attempt.info.attemptId)
+          retried = true
+        case e: Exception =>
+          store.close()
+          memoryManager.release(appId, attempt.info.attemptId)
+          throw e
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Create a LevelDB and start a background thread to dump data to LevelDB
+    var lease: dm.Lease = null
+    try {
+      logInfo(s"Leasing disk manager space for app $appId / ${attempt.info.attemptId}...")
+      lease = dm.lease(reader.totalSize, reader.compressionCodec.isDefined)
+      val levelDB = KVUtils.open(lease.tmpPath, metadata)
+      hybridStore.setLevelDB(levelDB)
+      hybridStore.switchToLevelDB(new HybridStore.SwitchToLevelDBListener {
+        override def onSwitchToLevelDBSuccess: Unit = {
+          logInfo(s"Completely switched to LevelDB for app $appId / ${attempt.info.attemptId}.")
+          levelDB.close()
+          val newStorePath = lease.commit(appId, attempt.info.attemptId)
+          hybridStore.setLevelDB(KVUtils.open(newStorePath, metadata))
+          memoryManager.release(appId, attempt.info.attemptId)
+        }
+        override def onSwitchToLevelDBFail(e: Exception): Unit = {
+          logWarning(s"Failed to switch to LevelDB for app $appId / ${attempt.info.attemptId}", e)
+          levelDB.close()
+          lease.rollback()
+        }
+      }, appId, attempt.info.attemptId)
+    } catch {
+      case e: Exception =>
+        hybridStore.close()
+        memoryManager.release(appId, attempt.info.attemptId)
+        if (lease != null) {
+          lease.rollback()
+        }
+        throw e
+    }
+
+    hybridStore
+  }
+
+  private def createLevelDBStore(
+      dm: HistoryServerDiskManager,
+      appId: String,
+      attempt: AttemptInfoWrapper,
+      metadata: AppStatusStoreMetadata): KVStore = {
     var retried = false
     var newStorePath: File = null
     while (newStorePath == null) {
diff --git a/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/history/HistoryServerMemoryManager.scala b/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/history/HistoryServerMemoryManager.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..7fc0722233854
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/history/HistoryServerMemoryManager.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.spark.deploy.history
+
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong
+
+import scala.collection.mutable.HashMap
+
+import org.apache.spark.SparkConf
+import org.apache.spark.internal.Logging
+import org.apache.spark.internal.config.History._
+import org.apache.spark.util.Utils
+
+/**
+ * A class used to keep track of in-memory store usage by the SHS.
+ */
+private class HistoryServerMemoryManager(
+    conf: SparkConf) extends Logging {
+
+  private val maxUsage = conf.get(MAX_IN_MEMORY_STORE_USAGE)
+  private val currentUsage = new AtomicLong(0L)
+  private val active = new HashMap[(String, Option[String]), Long]()
+
+  def initialize(): Unit = {
+    logInfo("Initialized memory manager: " +
+      s"current usage = ${Utils.bytesToString(currentUsage.get())}, " +
+      s"max usage = ${Utils.bytesToString(maxUsage)}")
+  }
+
+  def lease(
+      appId: String,
+      attemptId: Option[String],
+      eventLogSize: Long,
+      codec: Option[String]): Unit = {
+    val memoryUsage = approximateMemoryUsage(eventLogSize, codec)
+    if (memoryUsage + currentUsage.get > maxUsage) {
+      throw new RuntimeException("Not enough memory to create hybrid store " +
+        s"for app $appId / $attemptId.")
+    }
+    active.synchronized {
+      active(appId -> attemptId) = memoryUsage
+    }
+    currentUsage.addAndGet(memoryUsage)
+    logInfo(s"Leasing ${Utils.bytesToString(memoryUsage)} memory usage for " +
+      s"app $appId / $attemptId")
+  }
+
+  def release(appId: String, attemptId: Option[String]): Unit = {
+    val memoryUsage = active.synchronized { active.remove(appId -> attemptId) }
+
+    memoryUsage match {
+      case Some(m) =>
+        currentUsage.addAndGet(-m)
+        logInfo(s"Released ${Utils.bytesToString(m)} memory usage for " +
+          s"app $appId / $attemptId")
+      case None =>
+    }
+  }
+
+  private def approximateMemoryUsage(eventLogSize: Long, codec: Option[String]): Long = {
+    codec match {
+      case Some("zstd") =>
+        eventLogSize * 10
+      case Some(_) =>
+        eventLogSize * 4
+      case None =>
+        eventLogSize / 2
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/history/HybridStore.scala b/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/history/HybridStore.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..96db86f8e745a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/history/HybridStore.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.spark.deploy.history
+
+import java.io.IOException
+import java.util.Collection
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean
+
+import scala.collection.JavaConverters._
+
+import org.apache.spark.util.kvstore._
+
+/**
+ * An implementation of KVStore that accelerates event logs loading.
+ *
+ * When rebuilding the application state from event logs, HybridStore will
+ * write data to InMemoryStore at first and use a background thread to dump
+ * data to LevelDB once the app store is restored. We don't expect write
+ * operations (except the case for caching) after calling switch to level DB.
+ */
+
+private[history] class HybridStore extends KVStore {
+
+  private val inMemoryStore = new InMemoryStore()
+
+  private var levelDB: LevelDB = null
+
+  // Flag to indicate whether we should use inMemoryStore or levelDB
+  private val shouldUseInMemoryStore = new AtomicBoolean(true)
+
+  // Flag to indicate whether this hybrid store is closed, use this flag
+  // to avoid starting background thread after the store is closed
+  private val closed = new AtomicBoolean(false)
+
+  // A background thread that dumps data from inMemoryStore to levelDB
+  private var backgroundThread: Thread = null
+
+  // A hash map that stores all classes that had been writen to inMemoryStore
+  private val klassMap = new ConcurrentHashMap[Class[_], Boolean]
+
+  override def getMetadata[T](klass: Class[T]): T = {
+    getStore().getMetadata(klass)
+  }
+
+  override def setMetadata(value: Object): Unit = {
+    getStore().setMetadata(value)
+  }
+
+  override def read[T](klass: Class[T], naturalKey: Object): T = {
+    getStore().read(klass, naturalKey)
+  }
+
+  override def write(value: Object): Unit = {
+    getStore().write(value)
+
+    if (backgroundThread == null) {
+      // New classes won't be dumped once the background thread is started
+      klassMap.putIfAbsent(value.getClass(), true)
+    }
+  }
+
+  override def delete(klass: Class[_], naturalKey: Object): Unit = {
+    if (backgroundThread != null) {
+      throw new IllegalStateException("delete() shouldn't be called after " +
+        "the hybrid store begins switching to levelDB")
+    }
+
+    getStore().delete(klass, naturalKey)
+  }
+
+  override def view[T](klass: Class[T]): KVStoreView[T] = {
+    getStore().view(klass)
+  }
+
+  override def count(klass: Class[_]): Long = {
+    getStore().count(klass)
+  }
+
+  override def count(klass: Class[_], index: String, indexedValue: Object): Long = {
+    getStore().count(klass, index, indexedValue)
+  }
+
+  override def close(): Unit = {
+    try {
+      closed.set(true)
+      if (backgroundThread != null && backgroundThread.isAlive()) {
+        // The background thread is still running, wait for it to finish
+        backgroundThread.join()
+      }
+    } finally {
+      inMemoryStore.close()
+      if (levelDB != null) {
+        levelDB.close()
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  override def removeAllByIndexValues[T](
+      klass: Class[T],
+      index: String,
+      indexValues: Collection[_]): Boolean = {
+    if (backgroundThread != null) {
+      throw new IllegalStateException("removeAllByIndexValues() shouldn't be " +
+        "called after the hybrid store begins switching to levelDB")
+    }
+
+    getStore().removeAllByIndexValues(klass, index, indexValues)
+  }
+
+  def setLevelDB(levelDB: LevelDB): Unit = {
+    this.levelDB = levelDB
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * This method is called when the writing is done for inMemoryStore. A
+   * background thread will be created and be started to dump data in inMemoryStore
+   * to levelDB. Once the dumping is completed, the underlying kvstore will be
+   * switched to levelDB.
+   */
+  def switchToLevelDB(
+      listener: HybridStore.SwitchToLevelDBListener,
+      appId: String,
+      attemptId: Option[String]): Unit = {
+    if (closed.get) {
+      return
+    }
+
+    backgroundThread = new Thread(() => {
+      try {
+        for (klass <- klassMap.keys().asScala) {
+          val it = inMemoryStore.view(klass).closeableIterator()
+          while (it.hasNext()) {
+            levelDB.write(it.next())
+          }
+        }
+        listener.onSwitchToLevelDBSuccess()
+        shouldUseInMemoryStore.set(false)
+        inMemoryStore.close()
+      } catch {
+        case e: Exception =>
+          listener.onSwitchToLevelDBFail(e)
+      }
+    })
+    backgroundThread.setDaemon(true)
+    backgroundThread.setName(s"hybridstore-$appId-$attemptId")
+    backgroundThread.start()
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * This method return the store that we should use.
+   */
+  private def getStore(): KVStore = {
+    if (shouldUseInMemoryStore.get) {
+      inMemoryStore
+    } else {
+      levelDB
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+private[history] object HybridStore {
+
+  trait SwitchToLevelDBListener {
+
+    def onSwitchToLevelDBSuccess(): Unit
+
+    def onSwitchToLevelDBFail(e: Exception): Unit
+  }
+}
diff --git a/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/internal/config/History.scala b/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/internal/config/History.scala
index 581777de366ef..a6d1c044130f5 100644
--- a/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/internal/config/History.scala
+++ b/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/internal/config/History.scala
@@ -195,4 +195,20 @@ private[spark] object History {
       .version("3.0.0")
       .booleanConf
       .createWithDefault(true)
+
+  val HYBRID_STORE_ENABLED = ConfigBuilder("spark.history.store.hybridStore.enabled")
+    .doc("Whether to use HybridStore as the store when parsing event logs. " +
+      "HybridStore will first write data to an in-memory store and having a background thread " +
+      "that dumps data to a disk store after the writing to in-memory store is completed.")
+    .version("3.1.0")
+    .booleanConf
+    .createWithDefault(false)
+
+  val MAX_IN_MEMORY_STORE_USAGE = ConfigBuilder("spark.history.store.hybridStore.maxMemoryUsage")
+    .doc("Maximum memory space that can be used to create HybridStore. The HybridStore co-uses " +
+      "the heap memory, so the heap memory should be increased through the memory option for SHS " +
+      "if the HybridStore is enabled.")
+    .version("3.1.0")
+    .bytesConf(ByteUnit.BYTE)
+    .createWithDefaultString("2g")
 }
diff --git a/docs/monitoring.md b/docs/monitoring.md
index 32959b77c4773..81c386aa90dd8 100644
--- a/docs/monitoring.md
+++ b/docs/monitoring.md
@@ -373,6 +373,25 @@ Security options for the Spark History Server are covered more detail in the
     </td>
     <td>3.0.0</td>
   </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td>spark.history.store.hybridStore.enabled</td>
+    <td>false</td>
+    <td>
+      Whether to use HybridStore as the store when parsing event logs. HybridStore will first write data
+      to an in-memory store and having a background thread that dumps data to a disk store after the writing
+      to in-memory store is completed.
+    </td>
+    <td>3.1.0</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td>spark.history.store.hybridStore.maxMemoryUsage</td>
+    <td>2g</td>
+    <td>
+      Maximum memory space that can be used to create HybridStore. The HybridStore co-uses the heap memory,
+      so the heap memory should be increased through the memory option for SHS if the HybridStore is enabled.
+    </td>
+    <td>3.1.0</td>
+  </tr>
 </table>
 
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