diff --git a/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/FunctionRegistry.scala b/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/FunctionRegistry.scala
index 0041ccf77557..918410807df8 100644
--- a/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/FunctionRegistry.scala
+++ b/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/FunctionRegistry.scala
@@ -580,14 +580,23 @@ object FunctionRegistry {
         // Otherwise, find a constructor method that matches the number of arguments, and use that.
         val params = Seq.fill(expressions.size)(classOf[Expression])
         val f = constructors.find(_.getParameterTypes.toSeq == params).getOrElse {
-          val validParametersCount = constructors
-            .filter(_.getParameterTypes.forall(_ == classOf[Expression]))
-            .map(_.getParameterCount).distinct.sorted
-          val expectedNumberOfParameters = if (validParametersCount.length == 1) {
-            validParametersCount.head.toString
+          val (validParameters, invalidParameters) = constructors
+            .partition(_.getParameterTypes.forall(_ == classOf[Expression]))
+          val validParametersCount = validParameters.map(_.getParameterCount).distinct.sorted
+
+          def getExpectedNumberOfParameters(parametersCount: Array[Int]): String = {
+            if (parametersCount.length == 1) {
+              parametersCount.head.toString
+            } else {
+              parametersCount.init.mkString("one of ", ", ", " and ") + parametersCount.last
+            }
+          }
+          val expectedNumberOfParameters = if (validParametersCount.isEmpty) {
+            val invalidParametersCount = invalidParameters.map(_.getParameterCount).distinct.sorted
+            getExpectedNumberOfParameters(invalidParametersCount) +
+              "(But none is valid, please check whether it is properly defined or misused)"
           } else {
-            validParametersCount.init.mkString("one of ", ", ", " and ") +
-              validParametersCount.last
+            getExpectedNumberOfParameters(validParametersCount)
           }
           throw new AnalysisException(s"Invalid number of arguments for function $name. " +
             s"Expected: $expectedNumberOfParameters; Found: ${params.length}")
diff --git a/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/SQLQuerySuite.scala b/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/SQLQuerySuite.scala
index ba1ac654c1a0..679aa5b5455e 100644
--- a/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/SQLQuerySuite.scala
+++ b/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/SQLQuerySuite.scala
@@ -106,6 +106,13 @@ class SQLQuerySuite extends QueryTest with SharedSQLContext {
     checkKeywordsExist(sql("describe functioN abcadf"), "Function: abcadf not found.")
   }
 
+  test("SPARK-28143: IN expression missing attribute should throw analysis exception") {
+    // missing attribute, which actually might be `select 1 where a in ()`
+    val query = "select 1 where in ()"
+    val e = intercept[AnalysisException](sql(query))
+    assert(e.getMessage.startsWith("Invalid number of arguments for function in"))
+  }
+
   test("SPARK-14415: All functions should have own descriptions") {
     for (f <- spark.sessionState.functionRegistry.listFunction()) {
       if (!Seq("cube", "grouping", "grouping_id", "rollup", "window").contains(f.unquotedString)) {