diff --git a/spark/v3.1/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/parser/extensions/IcebergSqlExtensionsAstBuilder.scala b/spark/v3.1/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/parser/extensions/IcebergSqlExtensionsAstBuilder.scala
index 8507fb1c9f80..e8547f11d345 100644
--- a/spark/v3.1/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/parser/extensions/IcebergSqlExtensionsAstBuilder.scala
+++ b/spark/v3.1/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/parser/extensions/IcebergSqlExtensionsAstBuilder.scala
@@ -110,6 +110,7 @@ class IcebergSqlExtensionsAstBuilder(delegate: ParserInterface) extends IcebergS
     val branchRetention = branchOptionsContext.flatMap(branchOptions => Option(branchOptions.refRetain()))
     val branchRefAgeMs = branchRetention.map(retain =>
       TimeUnit.valueOf(retain.timeUnit().getText.toUpperCase(Locale.ENGLISH)).toMillis(retain.number().getText.toLong))
+    val create = createOrReplaceBranchClause.CREATE() != null
     val replace = ctx.createReplaceBranchClause().REPLACE() != null
     val ifNotExists = createOrReplaceBranchClause.EXISTS() != null
 
@@ -124,6 +125,7 @@ class IcebergSqlExtensionsAstBuilder(delegate: ParserInterface) extends IcebergS
       typedVisit[Seq[String]](ctx.multipartIdentifier),
       branchName.getText,
       branchOptions,
+      create,
       replace,
       ifNotExists)
   }
diff --git a/spark/v3.1/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/CreateOrReplaceBranch.scala b/spark/v3.1/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/CreateOrReplaceBranch.scala
index f555a9a98a06..06ee4cf1625c 100644
--- a/spark/v3.1/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/CreateOrReplaceBranch.scala
+++ b/spark/v3.1/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/CreateOrReplaceBranch.scala
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ case class CreateOrReplaceBranch(
     table: Seq[String],
     branch: String,
     branchOptions: BranchOptions,
+    create: Boolean,
     replace: Boolean,
     ifNotExists: Boolean) extends Command {
 
diff --git a/spark/v3.1/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/CreateOrReplaceBranchExec.scala b/spark/v3.1/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/CreateOrReplaceBranchExec.scala
index 9b378cf84e25..651b5c62e159 100644
--- a/spark/v3.1/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/CreateOrReplaceBranchExec.scala
+++ b/spark/v3.1/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/CreateOrReplaceBranchExec.scala
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ case class CreateOrReplaceBranchExec(
     ident: Identifier,
     branch: String,
     branchOptions: BranchOptions,
+    create: Boolean,
     replace: Boolean,
     ifNotExists: Boolean) extends V2CommandExec {
 
@@ -51,15 +52,18 @@ case class CreateOrReplaceBranchExec(
           "Cannot complete create or replace branch operation on %s, main has no snapshot", ident)
 
         val manageSnapshots = iceberg.table().manageSnapshots()
-        if (!replace) {
-          val ref = iceberg.table().refs().get(branch)
-          if (ref != null && ifNotExists) {
+        val refExists = null != iceberg.table().refs().get(branch)
+
+        if (create && replace && !refExists) {
+          manageSnapshots.createBranch(branch, snapshotId)
+        } else if (replace) {
+          manageSnapshots.replaceBranch(branch, snapshotId)
+        } else {
+          if (refExists && ifNotExists) {
             return Nil
           }
 
           manageSnapshots.createBranch(branch, snapshotId)
-        } else {
-          manageSnapshots.replaceBranch(branch, snapshotId)
         }
 
         if (branchOptions.numSnapshots.nonEmpty) {
diff --git a/spark/v3.1/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/ExtendedDataSourceV2Strategy.scala b/spark/v3.1/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/ExtendedDataSourceV2Strategy.scala
index fdf8cb56d869..a86c84c6416c 100644
--- a/spark/v3.1/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/ExtendedDataSourceV2Strategy.scala
+++ b/spark/v3.1/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/ExtendedDataSourceV2Strategy.scala
@@ -71,8 +71,8 @@ case class ExtendedDataSourceV2Strategy(spark: SparkSession) extends Strategy {
       ReplacePartitionFieldExec(catalog, ident, transformFrom, transformTo, name) :: Nil
 
     case CreateOrReplaceBranch(
-    IcebergCatalogAndIdentifier(catalog, ident), branch, branchOptions, replace, ifNotExists) =>
-      CreateOrReplaceBranchExec(catalog, ident, branch, branchOptions, replace, ifNotExists) :: Nil
+    IcebergCatalogAndIdentifier(catalog, ident), branch, branchOptions, create, replace, ifNotExists) =>
+      CreateOrReplaceBranchExec(catalog, ident, branch, branchOptions, create, replace, ifNotExists) :: Nil
 
     case DropBranch(IcebergCatalogAndIdentifier(catalog, ident), branch, ifExists) =>
       DropBranchExec(catalog, ident, branch, ifExists) :: Nil
diff --git a/spark/v3.1/spark-extensions/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/spark/extensions/TestBranchDDL.java b/spark/v3.1/spark-extensions/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/spark/extensions/TestBranchDDL.java
index 76e92f624f1a..f23dc58af60b 100644
--- a/spark/v3.1/spark-extensions/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/spark/extensions/TestBranchDDL.java
+++ b/spark/v3.1/spark-extensions/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/spark/extensions/TestBranchDDL.java
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
  */
 package org.apache.iceberg.spark.extensions;
 
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@@ -511,6 +513,71 @@ public void testCreateOrReplace() throws NoSuchTableException {
     Assert.assertEquals(first, ref.snapshotId());
   }
 
+  @Test
+  public void createOrReplace() throws NoSuchTableException {
+    Table table = insertRows();
+    long first = table.currentSnapshot().snapshotId();
+    String branchName = "b1";
+    insertRows();
+    long second = table.currentSnapshot().snapshotId();
+    table.manageSnapshots().createBranch(branchName, second).commit();
+
+    sql(
+        "ALTER TABLE %s CREATE OR REPLACE BRANCH %s AS OF VERSION %d",
+        tableName, branchName, first);
+    table.refresh();
+    assertThat(table.refs().get(branchName).snapshotId()).isEqualTo(second);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void createOrReplaceWithNonExistingBranch() throws NoSuchTableException {
+    Table table = insertRows();
+    String branchName = "b1";
+    insertRows();
+    long snapshotId = table.currentSnapshot().snapshotId();
+
+    sql(
+        "ALTER TABLE %s CREATE OR REPLACE BRANCH %s AS OF VERSION %d",
+        tableName, branchName, snapshotId);
+    table.refresh();
+    assertThat(table.refs().get(branchName).snapshotId()).isEqualTo(snapshotId);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void replaceBranch() throws NoSuchTableException {
+    Table table = insertRows();
+    long first = table.currentSnapshot().snapshotId();
+    String branchName = "b1";
+    long expectedMaxRefAgeMs = 1000;
+    table
+        .manageSnapshots()
+        .createBranch(branchName, first)
+        .setMaxRefAgeMs(branchName, expectedMaxRefAgeMs)
+        .commit();
+
+    insertRows();
+    long second = table.currentSnapshot().snapshotId();
+
+    sql("ALTER TABLE %s REPLACE BRANCH %s AS OF VERSION %d", tableName, branchName, second);
+    table.refresh();
+    SnapshotRef ref = table.refs().get(branchName);
+    assertThat(ref.snapshotId()).isEqualTo(second);
+    assertThat(ref.maxRefAgeMs()).isEqualTo(expectedMaxRefAgeMs);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void replaceBranchDoesNotExist() throws NoSuchTableException {
+    Table table = insertRows();
+
+    Assertions.assertThatThrownBy(
+            () ->
+                sql(
+                    "ALTER TABLE %s REPLACE BRANCH %s AS OF VERSION %d",
+                    tableName, "someBranch", table.currentSnapshot().snapshotId()))
+        .isInstanceOf(IllegalArgumentException.class)
+        .hasMessage("Branch does not exist: someBranch");
+  }
+
   private Table insertRows() throws NoSuchTableException {
     List<SimpleRecord> records =
         ImmutableList.of(new SimpleRecord(1, "a"), new SimpleRecord(2, "b"));
diff --git a/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/parser/extensions/IcebergSqlExtensionsAstBuilder.scala b/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/parser/extensions/IcebergSqlExtensionsAstBuilder.scala
index f758cb08fd3d..2e438de2b8cd 100644
--- a/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/parser/extensions/IcebergSqlExtensionsAstBuilder.scala
+++ b/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/parser/extensions/IcebergSqlExtensionsAstBuilder.scala
@@ -116,6 +116,7 @@ class IcebergSqlExtensionsAstBuilder(delegate: ParserInterface) extends IcebergS
     val branchRetention = branchOptionsContext.flatMap(branchOptions => Option(branchOptions.refRetain()))
     val branchRefAgeMs = branchRetention.map(retain =>
       TimeUnit.valueOf(retain.timeUnit().getText.toUpperCase(Locale.ENGLISH)).toMillis(retain.number().getText.toLong))
+    val create = createOrReplaceBranchClause.CREATE() != null
     val replace = ctx.createReplaceBranchClause().REPLACE() != null
     val ifNotExists = createOrReplaceBranchClause.EXISTS() != null
 
@@ -130,6 +131,7 @@ class IcebergSqlExtensionsAstBuilder(delegate: ParserInterface) extends IcebergS
       typedVisit[Seq[String]](ctx.multipartIdentifier),
       branchName.getText,
       branchOptions,
+      create,
       replace,
       ifNotExists)
   }
@@ -153,12 +155,14 @@ class IcebergSqlExtensionsAstBuilder(delegate: ParserInterface) extends IcebergS
       tagRefAgeMs
     )
 
+    val create = createTagClause.CREATE() != null
     val replace = createTagClause.REPLACE() != null
     val ifNotExists = createTagClause.EXISTS() != null
 
     CreateOrReplaceTag(typedVisit[Seq[String]](ctx.multipartIdentifier),
       tagName,
       tagOptions,
+      create,
       replace,
       ifNotExists)
   }
diff --git a/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/CreateOrReplaceBranch.scala b/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/CreateOrReplaceBranch.scala
index 2a22484499cf..b7981a3c7a0d 100644
--- a/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/CreateOrReplaceBranch.scala
+++ b/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/CreateOrReplaceBranch.scala
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ case class CreateOrReplaceBranch(
     table: Seq[String],
     branch: String,
     branchOptions: BranchOptions,
+    create: Boolean,
     replace: Boolean,
     ifNotExists: Boolean) extends LeafCommand {
 
diff --git a/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/CreateOrReplaceTag.scala b/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/CreateOrReplaceTag.scala
index e48f7d8ed04c..6e7db84a90fb 100644
--- a/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/CreateOrReplaceTag.scala
+++ b/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/CreateOrReplaceTag.scala
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ case class CreateOrReplaceTag(
     table: Seq[String],
     tag: String,
     tagOptions: TagOptions,
+    create: Boolean,
     replace: Boolean,
     ifNotExists: Boolean) extends LeafCommand {
 
diff --git a/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/CreateOrReplaceBranchExec.scala b/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/CreateOrReplaceBranchExec.scala
index 8552ab132f45..142ed1357135 100644
--- a/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/CreateOrReplaceBranchExec.scala
+++ b/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/CreateOrReplaceBranchExec.scala
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ case class CreateOrReplaceBranchExec(
     ident: Identifier,
     branch: String,
     branchOptions: BranchOptions,
+    create: Boolean,
     replace: Boolean,
     ifNotExists: Boolean) extends LeafV2CommandExec {
 
@@ -51,15 +52,18 @@ case class CreateOrReplaceBranchExec(
           "Cannot complete create or replace branch operation on %s, main has no snapshot", ident)
 
         val manageSnapshots = iceberg.table().manageSnapshots()
-        if (!replace) {
-          val ref = iceberg.table().refs().get(branch)
-          if (ref != null && ifNotExists) {
+        val refExists = null != iceberg.table().refs().get(branch)
+
+        if (create && replace && !refExists) {
+          manageSnapshots.createBranch(branch, snapshotId)
+        } else if (replace) {
+          manageSnapshots.replaceBranch(branch, snapshotId)
+        } else {
+          if (refExists && ifNotExists) {
             return Nil
           }
 
           manageSnapshots.createBranch(branch, snapshotId)
-        } else {
-          manageSnapshots.replaceBranch(branch, snapshotId)
         }
 
         if (branchOptions.numSnapshots.nonEmpty) {
diff --git a/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/CreateOrReplaceTagExec.scala b/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/CreateOrReplaceTagExec.scala
index 7ca193d1b156..372cd7548632 100644
--- a/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/CreateOrReplaceTagExec.scala
+++ b/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/CreateOrReplaceTagExec.scala
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ case class CreateOrReplaceTagExec(
     ident: Identifier,
     tag: String,
     tagOptions: TagOptions,
+    create: Boolean,
     replace: Boolean,
     ifNotExists: Boolean) extends LeafV2CommandExec {
 
@@ -50,15 +51,18 @@ case class CreateOrReplaceTagExec(
           "Cannot complete create or replace tag operation on %s, main has no snapshot", ident)
 
         val manageSnapshot = iceberg.table.manageSnapshots()
-        if (!replace) {
-          val ref = iceberg.table().refs().get(tag)
-          if (ref != null && ifNotExists) {
+        val refExists = null != iceberg.table().refs().get(tag)
+
+        if (create && replace && !refExists) {
+          manageSnapshot.createTag(tag, snapshotId)
+        } else if (replace) {
+          manageSnapshot.replaceTag(tag, snapshotId)
+        } else {
+          if (refExists && ifNotExists) {
             return Nil
           }
 
           manageSnapshot.createTag(tag, snapshotId)
-        } else {
-          manageSnapshot.replaceTag(tag, snapshotId)
         }
 
         if (tagOptions.snapshotRefRetain.nonEmpty) {
diff --git a/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/ExtendedDataSourceV2Strategy.scala b/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/ExtendedDataSourceV2Strategy.scala
index 326574bf25e4..0a27d49287f2 100644
--- a/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/ExtendedDataSourceV2Strategy.scala
+++ b/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/ExtendedDataSourceV2Strategy.scala
@@ -72,11 +72,12 @@ case class ExtendedDataSourceV2Strategy(spark: SparkSession) extends Strategy wi
       ReplacePartitionFieldExec(catalog, ident, transformFrom, transformTo, name) :: Nil
 
     case CreateOrReplaceBranch(
-        IcebergCatalogAndIdentifier(catalog, ident), branch, branchOptions, replace, ifNotExists) =>
-      CreateOrReplaceBranchExec(catalog, ident, branch, branchOptions, replace, ifNotExists) :: Nil
+        IcebergCatalogAndIdentifier(catalog, ident), branch, branchOptions, create, replace, ifNotExists) =>
+      CreateOrReplaceBranchExec(catalog, ident, branch, branchOptions, create, replace, ifNotExists) :: Nil
 
-    case CreateOrReplaceTag(IcebergCatalogAndIdentifier(catalog, ident), tag, tagOptions, replace, ifNotExists) =>
-      CreateOrReplaceTagExec(catalog, ident, tag, tagOptions, replace, ifNotExists) :: Nil
+    case CreateOrReplaceTag(
+        IcebergCatalogAndIdentifier(catalog, ident), tag, tagOptions, create, replace, ifNotExists) =>
+      CreateOrReplaceTagExec(catalog, ident, tag, tagOptions, create, replace, ifNotExists) :: Nil
 
     case DropBranch(IcebergCatalogAndIdentifier(catalog, ident), branch, ifExists) =>
       DropBranchExec(catalog, ident, branch, ifExists) :: Nil
diff --git a/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/spark/extensions/TestBranchDDL.java b/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/spark/extensions/TestBranchDDL.java
index 55a2a1c142b6..2c3cbac02820 100644
--- a/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/spark/extensions/TestBranchDDL.java
+++ b/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/spark/extensions/TestBranchDDL.java
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
  */
 package org.apache.iceberg.spark.extensions;
 
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@@ -512,6 +514,71 @@ public void testCreateOrReplace() throws NoSuchTableException {
     Assert.assertEquals(first, ref.snapshotId());
   }
 
+  @Test
+  public void createOrReplace() throws NoSuchTableException {
+    Table table = insertRows();
+    long first = table.currentSnapshot().snapshotId();
+    String branchName = "b1";
+    insertRows();
+    long second = table.currentSnapshot().snapshotId();
+    table.manageSnapshots().createBranch(branchName, second).commit();
+
+    sql(
+        "ALTER TABLE %s CREATE OR REPLACE BRANCH %s AS OF VERSION %d",
+        tableName, branchName, first);
+    table.refresh();
+    assertThat(table.refs().get(branchName).snapshotId()).isEqualTo(second);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void createOrReplaceWithNonExistingBranch() throws NoSuchTableException {
+    Table table = insertRows();
+    String branchName = "b1";
+    insertRows();
+    long snapshotId = table.currentSnapshot().snapshotId();
+
+    sql(
+        "ALTER TABLE %s CREATE OR REPLACE BRANCH %s AS OF VERSION %d",
+        tableName, branchName, snapshotId);
+    table.refresh();
+    assertThat(table.refs().get(branchName).snapshotId()).isEqualTo(snapshotId);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void replaceBranch() throws NoSuchTableException {
+    Table table = insertRows();
+    long first = table.currentSnapshot().snapshotId();
+    String branchName = "b1";
+    long expectedMaxRefAgeMs = 1000;
+    table
+        .manageSnapshots()
+        .createBranch(branchName, first)
+        .setMaxRefAgeMs(branchName, expectedMaxRefAgeMs)
+        .commit();
+
+    insertRows();
+    long second = table.currentSnapshot().snapshotId();
+
+    sql("ALTER TABLE %s REPLACE BRANCH %s AS OF VERSION %d", tableName, branchName, second);
+    table.refresh();
+    SnapshotRef ref = table.refs().get(branchName);
+    assertThat(ref.snapshotId()).isEqualTo(second);
+    assertThat(ref.maxRefAgeMs()).isEqualTo(expectedMaxRefAgeMs);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void replaceBranchDoesNotExist() throws NoSuchTableException {
+    Table table = insertRows();
+
+    Assertions.assertThatThrownBy(
+            () ->
+                sql(
+                    "ALTER TABLE %s REPLACE BRANCH %s AS OF VERSION %d",
+                    tableName, "someBranch", table.currentSnapshot().snapshotId()))
+        .isInstanceOf(IllegalArgumentException.class)
+        .hasMessage("Branch does not exist: someBranch");
+  }
+
   private Table insertRows() throws NoSuchTableException {
     List<SimpleRecord> records =
         ImmutableList.of(new SimpleRecord(1, "a"), new SimpleRecord(2, "b"));
diff --git a/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/spark/extensions/TestTagDDL.java b/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/spark/extensions/TestTagDDL.java
index ec3148de6cb5..866a965e33e6 100644
--- a/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/spark/extensions/TestTagDDL.java
+++ b/spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/spark/extensions/TestTagDDL.java
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
  */
 package org.apache.iceberg.spark.extensions;
 
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.Map;
@@ -364,6 +366,18 @@ public void testDropTagIfExists() throws NoSuchTableException {
     Assert.assertNull("The tag needs to be dropped.", table.refs().get(tagName));
   }
 
+  @Test
+  public void createOrReplaceWithNonExistingTag() throws NoSuchTableException {
+    Table table = insertRows();
+    String tagName = "t1";
+    insertRows();
+    long snapshotId = table.currentSnapshot().snapshotId();
+
+    sql("ALTER TABLE %s CREATE OR REPLACE TAG %s AS OF VERSION %d", tableName, tagName, snapshotId);
+    table.refresh();
+    assertThat(table.refs().get(tagName).snapshotId()).isEqualTo(snapshotId);
+  }
+
   private Table insertRows() throws NoSuchTableException {
     List<SimpleRecord> records =
         ImmutableList.of(new SimpleRecord(1, "a"), new SimpleRecord(2, "b"));
diff --git a/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/parser/extensions/IcebergSqlExtensionsAstBuilder.scala b/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/parser/extensions/IcebergSqlExtensionsAstBuilder.scala
index f758cb08fd3d..2e438de2b8cd 100644
--- a/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/parser/extensions/IcebergSqlExtensionsAstBuilder.scala
+++ b/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/parser/extensions/IcebergSqlExtensionsAstBuilder.scala
@@ -116,6 +116,7 @@ class IcebergSqlExtensionsAstBuilder(delegate: ParserInterface) extends IcebergS
     val branchRetention = branchOptionsContext.flatMap(branchOptions => Option(branchOptions.refRetain()))
     val branchRefAgeMs = branchRetention.map(retain =>
       TimeUnit.valueOf(retain.timeUnit().getText.toUpperCase(Locale.ENGLISH)).toMillis(retain.number().getText.toLong))
+    val create = createOrReplaceBranchClause.CREATE() != null
     val replace = ctx.createReplaceBranchClause().REPLACE() != null
     val ifNotExists = createOrReplaceBranchClause.EXISTS() != null
 
@@ -130,6 +131,7 @@ class IcebergSqlExtensionsAstBuilder(delegate: ParserInterface) extends IcebergS
       typedVisit[Seq[String]](ctx.multipartIdentifier),
       branchName.getText,
       branchOptions,
+      create,
       replace,
       ifNotExists)
   }
@@ -153,12 +155,14 @@ class IcebergSqlExtensionsAstBuilder(delegate: ParserInterface) extends IcebergS
       tagRefAgeMs
     )
 
+    val create = createTagClause.CREATE() != null
     val replace = createTagClause.REPLACE() != null
     val ifNotExists = createTagClause.EXISTS() != null
 
     CreateOrReplaceTag(typedVisit[Seq[String]](ctx.multipartIdentifier),
       tagName,
       tagOptions,
+      create,
       replace,
       ifNotExists)
   }
diff --git a/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/CreateOrReplaceBranch.scala b/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/CreateOrReplaceBranch.scala
index 2a22484499cf..b7981a3c7a0d 100644
--- a/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/CreateOrReplaceBranch.scala
+++ b/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/CreateOrReplaceBranch.scala
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ case class CreateOrReplaceBranch(
     table: Seq[String],
     branch: String,
     branchOptions: BranchOptions,
+    create: Boolean,
     replace: Boolean,
     ifNotExists: Boolean) extends LeafCommand {
 
diff --git a/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/CreateOrReplaceTag.scala b/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/CreateOrReplaceTag.scala
index e48f7d8ed04c..6e7db84a90fb 100644
--- a/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/CreateOrReplaceTag.scala
+++ b/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/CreateOrReplaceTag.scala
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ case class CreateOrReplaceTag(
     table: Seq[String],
     tag: String,
     tagOptions: TagOptions,
+    create: Boolean,
     replace: Boolean,
     ifNotExists: Boolean) extends LeafCommand {
 
diff --git a/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/CreateOrReplaceBranchExec.scala b/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/CreateOrReplaceBranchExec.scala
index 6457875b15a4..d4328d4b9227 100644
--- a/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/CreateOrReplaceBranchExec.scala
+++ b/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/CreateOrReplaceBranchExec.scala
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ case class CreateOrReplaceBranchExec(
                               ident: Identifier,
                               branch: String,
                               branchOptions: BranchOptions,
+                              create: Boolean,
                               replace: Boolean,
                               ifNotExists: Boolean) extends LeafV2CommandExec {
 
@@ -51,15 +52,18 @@ case class CreateOrReplaceBranchExec(
           "Cannot complete create or replace branch operation on %s, main has no snapshot", ident)
 
         val manageSnapshots = iceberg.table().manageSnapshots()
-        if (!replace) {
-          val ref = iceberg.table().refs().get(branch)
-          if (ref != null && ifNotExists) {
+        val refExists = null != iceberg.table().refs().get(branch)
+
+        if (create && replace && !refExists) {
+          manageSnapshots.createBranch(branch, snapshotId)
+        } else if (replace) {
+          manageSnapshots.replaceBranch(branch, snapshotId)
+        } else {
+          if (refExists && ifNotExists) {
             return Nil
           }
 
           manageSnapshots.createBranch(branch, snapshotId)
-        } else {
-          manageSnapshots.replaceBranch(branch, snapshotId)
         }
 
         if (branchOptions.numSnapshots.nonEmpty) {
diff --git a/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/CreateOrReplaceTagExec.scala b/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/CreateOrReplaceTagExec.scala
index 7ca193d1b156..372cd7548632 100644
--- a/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/CreateOrReplaceTagExec.scala
+++ b/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/CreateOrReplaceTagExec.scala
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ case class CreateOrReplaceTagExec(
     ident: Identifier,
     tag: String,
     tagOptions: TagOptions,
+    create: Boolean,
     replace: Boolean,
     ifNotExists: Boolean) extends LeafV2CommandExec {
 
@@ -50,15 +51,18 @@ case class CreateOrReplaceTagExec(
           "Cannot complete create or replace tag operation on %s, main has no snapshot", ident)
 
         val manageSnapshot = iceberg.table.manageSnapshots()
-        if (!replace) {
-          val ref = iceberg.table().refs().get(tag)
-          if (ref != null && ifNotExists) {
+        val refExists = null != iceberg.table().refs().get(tag)
+
+        if (create && replace && !refExists) {
+          manageSnapshot.createTag(tag, snapshotId)
+        } else if (replace) {
+          manageSnapshot.replaceTag(tag, snapshotId)
+        } else {
+          if (refExists && ifNotExists) {
             return Nil
           }
 
           manageSnapshot.createTag(tag, snapshotId)
-        } else {
-          manageSnapshot.replaceTag(tag, snapshotId)
         }
 
         if (tagOptions.snapshotRefRetain.nonEmpty) {
diff --git a/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/ExtendedDataSourceV2Strategy.scala b/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/ExtendedDataSourceV2Strategy.scala
index b35e3a8d99ba..14e59b7f988e 100644
--- a/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/ExtendedDataSourceV2Strategy.scala
+++ b/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/ExtendedDataSourceV2Strategy.scala
@@ -66,11 +66,12 @@ case class ExtendedDataSourceV2Strategy(spark: SparkSession) extends Strategy wi
       AddPartitionFieldExec(catalog, ident, transform, name) :: Nil
 
     case CreateOrReplaceBranch(
-        IcebergCatalogAndIdentifier(catalog, ident), branch, branchOptions, replace, ifNotExists) =>
-      CreateOrReplaceBranchExec(catalog, ident, branch, branchOptions, replace, ifNotExists) :: Nil
+        IcebergCatalogAndIdentifier(catalog, ident), branch, branchOptions, create, replace, ifNotExists) =>
+      CreateOrReplaceBranchExec(catalog, ident, branch, branchOptions, create, replace, ifNotExists) :: Nil
 
-    case CreateOrReplaceTag(IcebergCatalogAndIdentifier(catalog, ident), tag, tagOptions, replace, ifNotExists) =>
-      CreateOrReplaceTagExec(catalog, ident, tag, tagOptions, replace, ifNotExists) :: Nil
+    case CreateOrReplaceTag(
+        IcebergCatalogAndIdentifier(catalog, ident), tag, tagOptions, create, replace, ifNotExists) =>
+      CreateOrReplaceTagExec(catalog, ident, tag, tagOptions, create, replace, ifNotExists) :: Nil
 
     case DropBranch(IcebergCatalogAndIdentifier(catalog, ident), branch, ifExists) =>
       DropBranchExec(catalog, ident, branch, ifExists) :: Nil
diff --git a/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/spark/extensions/TestBranchDDL.java b/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/spark/extensions/TestBranchDDL.java
index 5dd8c751863a..fcc124dee5b9 100644
--- a/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/spark/extensions/TestBranchDDL.java
+++ b/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/spark/extensions/TestBranchDDL.java
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
  */
 package org.apache.iceberg.spark.extensions;
 
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@@ -292,6 +294,71 @@ public void testDropBranchIfExists() {
     Assert.assertNull(ref);
   }
 
+  @Test
+  public void createOrReplace() throws NoSuchTableException {
+    Table table = insertRows();
+    long first = table.currentSnapshot().snapshotId();
+    String branchName = "b1";
+    insertRows();
+    long second = table.currentSnapshot().snapshotId();
+    table.manageSnapshots().createBranch(branchName, second).commit();
+
+    sql(
+        "ALTER TABLE %s CREATE OR REPLACE BRANCH %s AS OF VERSION %d",
+        tableName, branchName, first);
+    table.refresh();
+    assertThat(table.refs().get(branchName).snapshotId()).isEqualTo(second);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void createOrReplaceWithNonExistingBranch() throws NoSuchTableException {
+    Table table = insertRows();
+    String branchName = "b1";
+    insertRows();
+    long snapshotId = table.currentSnapshot().snapshotId();
+
+    sql(
+        "ALTER TABLE %s CREATE OR REPLACE BRANCH %s AS OF VERSION %d",
+        tableName, branchName, snapshotId);
+    table.refresh();
+    assertThat(table.refs().get(branchName).snapshotId()).isEqualTo(snapshotId);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void replaceBranch() throws NoSuchTableException {
+    Table table = insertRows();
+    long first = table.currentSnapshot().snapshotId();
+    String branchName = "b1";
+    long expectedMaxRefAgeMs = 1000;
+    table
+        .manageSnapshots()
+        .createBranch(branchName, first)
+        .setMaxRefAgeMs(branchName, expectedMaxRefAgeMs)
+        .commit();
+
+    insertRows();
+    long second = table.currentSnapshot().snapshotId();
+
+    sql("ALTER TABLE %s REPLACE BRANCH %s AS OF VERSION %d", tableName, branchName, second);
+    table.refresh();
+    SnapshotRef ref = table.refs().get(branchName);
+    assertThat(ref.snapshotId()).isEqualTo(second);
+    assertThat(ref.maxRefAgeMs()).isEqualTo(expectedMaxRefAgeMs);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void replaceBranchDoesNotExist() throws NoSuchTableException {
+    Table table = insertRows();
+
+    Assertions.assertThatThrownBy(
+            () ->
+                sql(
+                    "ALTER TABLE %s REPLACE BRANCH %s AS OF VERSION %d",
+                    tableName, "someBranch", table.currentSnapshot().snapshotId()))
+        .isInstanceOf(IllegalArgumentException.class)
+        .hasMessage("Branch does not exist: someBranch");
+  }
+
   private Table insertRows() throws NoSuchTableException {
     List<SimpleRecord> records =
         ImmutableList.of(new SimpleRecord(1, "a"), new SimpleRecord(2, "b"));
diff --git a/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/spark/extensions/TestTagDDL.java b/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/spark/extensions/TestTagDDL.java
index ec3148de6cb5..866a965e33e6 100644
--- a/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/spark/extensions/TestTagDDL.java
+++ b/spark/v3.3/spark-extensions/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/spark/extensions/TestTagDDL.java
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
  */
 package org.apache.iceberg.spark.extensions;
 
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.Map;
@@ -364,6 +366,18 @@ public void testDropTagIfExists() throws NoSuchTableException {
     Assert.assertNull("The tag needs to be dropped.", table.refs().get(tagName));
   }
 
+  @Test
+  public void createOrReplaceWithNonExistingTag() throws NoSuchTableException {
+    Table table = insertRows();
+    String tagName = "t1";
+    insertRows();
+    long snapshotId = table.currentSnapshot().snapshotId();
+
+    sql("ALTER TABLE %s CREATE OR REPLACE TAG %s AS OF VERSION %d", tableName, tagName, snapshotId);
+    table.refresh();
+    assertThat(table.refs().get(tagName).snapshotId()).isEqualTo(snapshotId);
+  }
+
   private Table insertRows() throws NoSuchTableException {
     List<SimpleRecord> records =
         ImmutableList.of(new SimpleRecord(1, "a"), new SimpleRecord(2, "b"));