Update REPLACE scalar function to support Utf8View

[tshauck]

Part of #11752 and #11790

Currently, a call to REPLACE with a Utf8View datatypes induces a cast. After the change that fixes this issue, it should not.

query TT
EXPLAIN SELECT
  REPLACE(column1_utf8view, 'foo', 'bar') as c1,
  REPLACE(column1_utf8view, column2_utf8view, 'bar') as c2
FROM test;
----
logical_plan
01)Projection: replace(__common_expr_1, Utf8("foo"), Utf8("bar")) AS c1, replace(__common_expr_1, CAST(test.column2_utf8view AS Utf8), Utf8("bar")) AS c2
02)--Projection: CAST(test.column1_utf8view AS Utf8) AS __common_expr_1, test.column2_utf8view
03)----TableScan: test projection=[column1_utf8view, column2_utf8view]

REPLACE is defined here: https://github.com/apache/datafusion/blob/e088945c38b74bb1d86dcbb88a69dfc21d59e375/datafusion/functions/src/string/replace.rs

casting tests are in: https://github.com/apache/datafusion/blob/main/datafusion/sqllogictest/test_files/string_view.slt

Is your feature request related to a problem or challenge?

We are working to add complete StringView support in DataFusion, which permits potentially much faster processing of string data. See #10918 for more background.

Today, most DataFusion string functions support DataType::Utf8 and DataType::LargeUtf8 and when called with a StringView argument DataFusion will cast the argument back to DataType::Utf8 which is expensive.

To realize the full speed of StringView, we need to ensure that all string functions support the DataType::Utf8View directly.

Describe the solution you'd like

Update the function to support DataType::Utf8View directly

Describe alternatives you've considered

The typical steps are:

1. Write some tests showing the function doesn't support Utf8View (see the tests in string_view.slt to ensure the arguments are not being cast
2. Change the Signature of the function to accept Utf8View in addition to Utf8/LargeUtf8
3. Update the implementation of the function to operate on Utf8View

Example PRs

• Update to use an arrow kernel that already supports StringView: feat: support Utf8View type in starts_with function #11787
• Change the implementation to support StringView directly: Implement native support StringView for character length #11676
• Change implementation (option 2): Initial support for regex_replace on StringViewArray #11556

Additional context

The documentation of string functions can be found here: https://datafusion.apache.org/user-guide/sql/scalar_functions.html#string-functions

To test a function with StringView with datafusion-cli you can use an example like this (replacing starts_with with the relevant function)

> create table foo as values (arrow_cast('foo', 'Utf8View'), arrow_cast('bar', 'Utf8View'));
0 row(s) fetched.
Elapsed 0.043 seconds.

> select starts_with(column1, column2) from foo;
+--------------------------------------+
| starts_with(foo.column1,foo.column2) |
+--------------------------------------+
| false                                |
+--------------------------------------+
1 row(s) fetched.
Elapsed 0.015 seconds.

To see if it is using utf8 view, use EXPLAIN to see the plan and verify there is no CAST. In this example the CAST(column1@0 AS Utf8) indicates that the function is not using Utf8View natively

> explain select starts_with(column1, column2) from foo;
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| plan_type     | plan                                                                                                                         |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| logical_plan  | Projection: starts_with(CAST(foo.column1 AS Utf8), CAST(foo.column2 AS Utf8))                                                |
|               |   TableScan: foo projection=[column1, column2]                                                                               |
| physical_plan | ProjectionExec: expr=[starts_with(CAST(column1@0 AS Utf8), CAST(column2@1 AS Utf8)) as starts_with(foo.column1,foo.column2)] |
|               |   MemoryExec: partitions=1, partition_sizes=[1]                                                                              |
|               |                                                                                                                              |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
2 row(s) fetched.
Elapsed 0.006 seconds.

It is also often good to test with a constant as well (likewise there should be no cast):

> explain select starts_with(column1, 'foo') from foo;
+---------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| plan_type     | plan                                                                                                     |
+---------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| logical_plan  | Projection: starts_with(CAST(foo.column1 AS Utf8), Utf8("foo"))                                          |
|               |   TableScan: foo projection=[column1]                                                                    |
| physical_plan | ProjectionExec: expr=[starts_with(CAST(column1@0 AS Utf8), foo) as starts_with(foo.column1,Utf8("foo"))] |
|               |   MemoryExec: partitions=1, partition_sizes=[1]                                                          |
|               |                                                                                                          |
+---------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
2 row(s) fetched.
Elapsed 0.002 seconds.

### Additional context

_No response_

[thinh2]

take

[thinh2]

Hi @tshauck, after updating the replace.rs to process Utf8View, the sql logic test still use the CAST in its logical plan. Do you have any suggestion on how to debug this issue? As I am a newbie, any documents, tips will be helpful. I also created a draft pull request above.