diff --git a/java/flight/flight-core/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/FlightCallHeaders.java b/java/flight/flight-core/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/FlightCallHeaders.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..dd26d190872
--- /dev/null
+++ b/java/flight/flight-core/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/FlightCallHeaders.java
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.arrow.flight;
+
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import com.google.common.collect.ArrayListMultimap;
+import com.google.common.collect.Iterables;
+import com.google.common.collect.Multimap;
+
+import io.grpc.Metadata;
+
+/**
+ * An implementation of the Flight headers interface for headers.
+ */
+public class FlightCallHeaders implements CallHeaders {
+  private final Multimap<String, Object> keysAndValues;
+
+  public FlightCallHeaders() {
+    this.keysAndValues = ArrayListMultimap.create();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public String get(String key) {
+    final Collection<Object> values = this.keysAndValues.get(key);
+    if (values.isEmpty()) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    if (key.endsWith(Metadata.BINARY_HEADER_SUFFIX)) {
+      return new String((byte[]) Iterables.get(values, 0));
+    }
+
+    return (String) Iterables.get(values, 0);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public byte[] getByte(String key) {
+    final Collection<Object> values = this.keysAndValues.get(key);
+    if (values.isEmpty()) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    if (key.endsWith(Metadata.BINARY_HEADER_SUFFIX)) {
+      return (byte[]) Iterables.get(values, 0);
+    }
+
+    return ((String) Iterables.get(values, 0)).getBytes();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public Iterable<String> getAll(String key) {
+    if (key.endsWith(Metadata.BINARY_HEADER_SUFFIX)) {
+      return this.keysAndValues.get(key).stream().map(o -> new String((byte[]) o)).collect(Collectors.toList());
+    }
+    return (Collection<String>) (Collection<?>) this.keysAndValues.get(key);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public Iterable<byte[]> getAllByte(String key) {
+    if (key.endsWith(Metadata.BINARY_HEADER_SUFFIX)) {
+      return (Collection<byte[]>) (Collection<?>) this.keysAndValues.get(key);
+    }
+    return this.keysAndValues.get(key).stream().map(o -> ((String) o).getBytes()).collect(Collectors.toList());
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void insert(String key, String value) {
+    this.keysAndValues.put(key, value);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void insert(String key, byte[] value) {
+    Preconditions.checkArgument(key.endsWith("-bin"), "Binary header is named %s. It must end with %s", key, "-bin");
+    Preconditions.checkArgument(key.length() > "-bin".length(), "empty key name");
+
+    this.keysAndValues.put(key, value);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public Set<String> keys() {
+    return this.keysAndValues.keySet();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public boolean containsKey(String key) {
+    return this.keysAndValues.containsKey(key);
+  }
+
+  public String toString() {
+    return this.keysAndValues.toString();
+  }
+}
diff --git a/java/flight/flight-core/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/FlightConstants.java b/java/flight/flight-core/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/FlightConstants.java
index 2ea8cc7e344..2d039c9d24e 100644
--- a/java/flight/flight-core/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/FlightConstants.java
+++ b/java/flight/flight-core/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/FlightConstants.java
@@ -24,4 +24,6 @@ public interface FlightConstants {
 
   String SERVICE = "arrow.flight.protocol.FlightService";
 
+  FlightServerMiddleware.Key<ServerHeaderMiddleware> HEADER_KEY =
+      FlightServerMiddleware.Key.of("org.apache.arrow.flight.ServerHeaderMiddleware");
 }
diff --git a/java/flight/flight-core/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/FlightServer.java b/java/flight/flight-core/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/FlightServer.java
index ee62ee5eb83..d59480bfb0a 100644
--- a/java/flight/flight-core/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/FlightServer.java
+++ b/java/flight/flight-core/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/FlightServer.java
@@ -196,6 +196,9 @@ public FlightServer build() {
         this.middleware(FlightServerMiddleware.Key.of(Auth2Constants.AUTHORIZATION_HEADER),
             new ServerCallHeaderAuthMiddleware.Factory(headerAuthenticator));
       }
+
+      this.middleware(FlightConstants.HEADER_KEY, new ServerHeaderMiddleware.Factory());
+
       final NettyServerBuilder builder;
       switch (location.getUri().getScheme()) {
         case LocationSchemes.GRPC_DOMAIN_SOCKET: {
diff --git a/java/flight/flight-core/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/HeaderCallOption.java b/java/flight/flight-core/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/HeaderCallOption.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e2fad1a402d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/java/flight/flight-core/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/HeaderCallOption.java
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.arrow.flight;
+
+import io.grpc.Metadata;
+import io.grpc.stub.AbstractStub;
+import io.grpc.stub.MetadataUtils;
+
+/**
+ * Method option for supplying headers to method calls.
+ */
+public class HeaderCallOption implements CallOptions.GrpcCallOption {
+  private final Metadata propertiesMetadata = new Metadata();
+
+  /**
+   * Header property constructor.
+   *
+   * @param headers the headers that should be sent across. If a header is a string, it should only be valid ASCII
+   *                characters. Binary headers should end in "-bin".
+   */
+  public HeaderCallOption(CallHeaders headers) {
+    for (String key : headers.keys()) {
+      if (key.endsWith(Metadata.BINARY_HEADER_SUFFIX)) {
+        final Metadata.Key<byte[]> metaKey = Metadata.Key.of(key, Metadata.BINARY_BYTE_MARSHALLER);
+        headers.getAllByte(key).forEach(v -> propertiesMetadata.put(metaKey, v));
+      } else {
+        final Metadata.Key<String> metaKey = Metadata.Key.of(key, Metadata.ASCII_STRING_MARSHALLER);
+        headers.getAll(key).forEach(v -> propertiesMetadata.put(metaKey, v));
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public <T extends AbstractStub<T>> T wrapStub(T stub) {
+    return MetadataUtils.attachHeaders(stub, propertiesMetadata);
+  }
+}
diff --git a/java/flight/flight-core/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/ServerHeaderMiddleware.java b/java/flight/flight-core/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/ServerHeaderMiddleware.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..527c3128c65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/java/flight/flight-core/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/ServerHeaderMiddleware.java
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.arrow.flight;
+
+/**
+ * Middleware that's used to extract and pass headers to the server during requests.
+ */
+public class ServerHeaderMiddleware implements FlightServerMiddleware {
+  /**
+   * Factory for accessing ServerHeaderMiddleware.
+   */
+  public static class Factory implements FlightServerMiddleware.Factory<ServerHeaderMiddleware> {
+    /**
+     * Construct a factory for receiving call headers.
+     */
+    public Factory() {
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public ServerHeaderMiddleware onCallStarted(CallInfo callInfo, CallHeaders incomingHeaders,
+                                                RequestContext context) {
+      return new ServerHeaderMiddleware(incomingHeaders);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private final CallHeaders headers;
+
+  private ServerHeaderMiddleware(CallHeaders incomingHeaders) {
+    this.headers = incomingHeaders;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Retrieve the headers for this call.
+   */
+  public CallHeaders headers() {
+    return headers;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void onBeforeSendingHeaders(CallHeaders outgoingHeaders) {
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void onCallCompleted(CallStatus status) {
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void onCallErrored(Throwable err) {
+  }
+}
diff --git a/java/flight/flight-core/src/test/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/TestCallOptions.java b/java/flight/flight-core/src/test/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/TestCallOptions.java
index 3acb9473006..45e3e496092 100644
--- a/java/flight/flight-core/src/test/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/TestCallOptions.java
+++ b/java/flight/flight-core/src/test/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/TestCallOptions.java
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@
 import org.junit.Ignore;
 import org.junit.Test;
 
+import io.grpc.Metadata;
+
 public class TestCallOptions {
 
   @Test
@@ -64,10 +66,63 @@ public void underTimeout() {
     });
   }
 
+  @Test
+  public void singleProperty() {
+    final FlightCallHeaders headers = new FlightCallHeaders();
+    headers.insert("key", "value");
+    testHeaders(headers);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void multipleProperties() {
+    final FlightCallHeaders headers = new FlightCallHeaders();
+    headers.insert("key", "value");
+    headers.insert("key2", "value2");
+    testHeaders(headers);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void binaryProperties() {
+    final FlightCallHeaders headers = new FlightCallHeaders();
+    headers.insert("key-bin", "value".getBytes());
+    headers.insert("key3-bin", "ëfßæ".getBytes());
+    testHeaders(headers);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void mixedProperties() {
+    final FlightCallHeaders headers = new FlightCallHeaders();
+    headers.insert("key", "value");
+    headers.insert("key3-bin", "ëfßæ".getBytes());
+    testHeaders(headers);
+  }
+
+  private void testHeaders(CallHeaders headers) {
+    try (
+        BufferAllocator a = new RootAllocator(Long.MAX_VALUE);
+        HeaderProducer producer = new HeaderProducer();
+        FlightServer s =
+            FlightTestUtil.getStartedServer((location) -> FlightServer.builder(a, location, producer).build());
+        FlightClient client = FlightClient.builder(a, s.getLocation()).build()) {
+      client.doAction(new Action(""), new HeaderCallOption(headers)).hasNext();
+
+      final CallHeaders incomingHeaders = producer.headers();
+      for (String key : headers.keys()) {
+        if (key.endsWith(Metadata.BINARY_HEADER_SUFFIX)) {
+          Assert.assertArrayEquals(headers.getByte(key), incomingHeaders.getByte(key));
+        } else {
+          Assert.assertEquals(headers.get(key), incomingHeaders.get(key));
+        }
+      }
+    } catch (InterruptedException | IOException e) {
+      throw new RuntimeException(e);
+    }
+  }
+
   void test(Consumer<FlightClient> testFn) {
     try (
         BufferAllocator a = new RootAllocator(Long.MAX_VALUE);
-        Producer producer = new Producer(a);
+        Producer producer = new Producer();
         FlightServer s =
             FlightTestUtil.getStartedServer((location) -> FlightServer.builder(a, location, producer).build());
         FlightClient client = FlightClient.builder(a, s.getLocation()).build()) {
@@ -77,12 +132,27 @@ void test(Consumer<FlightClient> testFn) {
     }
   }
 
-  static class Producer extends NoOpFlightProducer implements AutoCloseable {
+  static class HeaderProducer extends NoOpFlightProducer implements AutoCloseable {
+    CallHeaders headers;
 
-    private final BufferAllocator allocator;
+    @Override
+    public void close() {
+    }
+
+    public CallHeaders headers() {
+      return headers;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void doAction(CallContext context, Action action, StreamListener<Result> listener) {
+      this.headers = context.getMiddleware(FlightConstants.HEADER_KEY).headers();
+      listener.onCompleted();
+    }
+  }
+
+  static class Producer extends NoOpFlightProducer implements AutoCloseable {
 
-    Producer(BufferAllocator allocator) {
-      this.allocator = allocator;
+    Producer() {
     }
 
     @Override