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ip.hpp
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// OpenVPN -- An application to securely tunnel IP networks
// over a single port, with support for SSL/TLS-based
// session authentication and key exchange,
// packet encryption, packet authentication, and
// packet compression.
//
// Copyright (C) 2012-2022 OpenVPN Inc.
//
// This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License Version 3
// as published by the Free Software Foundation.
//
// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
// along with this program in the COPYING file.
// If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
#ifndef OPENVPN_ADDR_IP_H
#define OPENVPN_ADDR_IP_H
#include <string>
#include <cstring> // for std::memset
#include <openvpn/io/io.hpp>
#include <openvpn/common/size.hpp>
#include <openvpn/common/exception.hpp>
#include <openvpn/common/ostream.hpp>
#include <openvpn/common/hash.hpp>
#include <openvpn/addr/ipv4.hpp>
#include <openvpn/addr/ipv6.hpp>
#include <openvpn/addr/iperr.hpp>
#define OPENVPN_IP_THROW(ERR) throw openvpn::IP::ip_exception(ERR)
namespace openvpn {
// This is our fundamental IP address class that handles IPv4 or IPv6
// IP addresses. It is implemented as a discriminated union of IPv4::Addr
// and IPv6::Addr.
namespace IP {
OPENVPN_EXCEPTION(ip_exception);
class Addr
{
public:
enum Version
{
UNSPEC,
V4,
V6
};
enum
{
V4_MASK = (1 << 0),
V6_MASK = (1 << 1)
};
typedef unsigned int VersionMask;
enum VersionSize
{
V4_SIZE = IPv4::Addr::SIZE,
V6_SIZE = IPv6::Addr::SIZE,
};
#ifndef OPENVPN_LEGACY_TITLE_ABSTRACTION
template <typename TITLE>
Addr(const Addr &other, const TITLE &title, const Version required_version)
: ver(other.ver)
{
other.validate_version(title, required_version);
switch (ver)
{
case V4:
u.v4 = other.u.v4;
break;
case V6:
u.v6 = other.u.v6;
break;
default:
break;
}
}
template <typename TITLE>
Addr(const Addr &other, const TITLE &title)
: Addr(other, title, UNSPEC)
{
}
template <typename TITLE>
Addr(const std::string &ipstr, const TITLE &title, const Version required_version)
: Addr(from_string(ipstr, title, required_version))
{
}
template <typename TITLE>
Addr(const std::string &ipstr, const TITLE &title)
: Addr(from_string(ipstr, title, UNSPEC))
{
}
Addr(const std::string &ipstr)
: Addr(from_string(ipstr, nullptr, UNSPEC))
{
}
template <typename TITLE>
static Addr from_string(const std::string &ipstr,
const TITLE &title,
const Version required_version)
{
openvpn_io::error_code ec;
openvpn_io::ip::address a = openvpn_io::ip::make_address(ipstr, ec);
if (ec)
OPENVPN_IP_THROW(internal::format_error(ipstr, title, "", ec));
const Addr ret = from_asio(a);
if (required_version != UNSPEC && required_version != ret.ver)
OPENVPN_IP_THROW(internal::format_error(ipstr, title, version_string_static(required_version), "wrong IP version"));
return ret;
}
template <typename TITLE>
static Addr from_string(const std::string &ipstr, const TITLE &title)
{
return from_string(ipstr, title, UNSPEC);
}
static Addr from_string(const std::string &ipstr)
{
return from_string(ipstr, nullptr, UNSPEC);
}
template <typename TITLE>
static std::string validate(const std::string &ipstr,
const TITLE &title,
const Version required_version)
{
Addr a = from_string(ipstr, title, required_version);
return a.to_string();
}
template <typename TITLE>
static std::string validate(const std::string &ipstr, const TITLE &title)
{
return validate(ipstr, title, UNSPEC);
}
static std::string validate(const std::string &ipstr)
{
return validate(ipstr, nullptr, UNSPEC);
}
template <typename TITLE>
void validate_version(const TITLE &title, const Version required_version) const
{
if (required_version != UNSPEC && required_version != ver)
OPENVPN_IP_THROW(internal::format_error(to_string(), title, version_string_static(required_version), "wrong IP version"));
}
#else
Addr(const Addr &other, const char *title = nullptr, Version required_version = UNSPEC)
: ver(other.ver)
{
other.validate_version(title, required_version);
switch (ver)
{
case V4:
u.v4 = other.u.v4;
break;
case V6:
u.v6 = other.u.v6;
break;
default:
break;
}
}
Addr(const std::string &ipstr, const char *title = nullptr, Version required_version = UNSPEC)
: Addr(from_string(ipstr, title, required_version))
{
}
#ifndef SWIGPYTHON
// When calling IP:Addr with None as the second parameter, Swig will
// always pick this function and complain about not being able to convert
// a null pointer to a const std::string reference. Hide this function, so
// swig is forced to take the const char* variant of this function instead
Addr(const std::string &ipstr, const std::string &title, Version required_version = UNSPEC)
: Addr(from_string(ipstr, title.c_str(), required_version))
{
}
#endif
void validate_version(const char *title, Version required_version) const
{
if (required_version != UNSPEC && required_version != ver)
OPENVPN_IP_THROW(internal::format_error(to_string(), title, version_string_static(required_version), "wrong IP version"));
}
#ifndef SWIGPYTHON
void validate_version(const std::string &title, Version required_version) const
{
validate_version(title.c_str(), required_version);
}
#endif
static std::string validate(const std::string &ipstr, const char *title = nullptr, Version required_version = UNSPEC)
{
Addr a = from_string(ipstr, title, required_version);
return a.to_string();
}
#ifndef SWIGPYTHON
static std::string validate(const std::string &ipstr, const std::string &title, Version required_version = UNSPEC)
{
return validate(ipstr, title.c_str(), required_version);
}
#endif
static Addr from_string(const std::string &ipstr, const char *title = nullptr, Version required_version = UNSPEC)
{
openvpn_io::error_code ec;
openvpn_io::ip::address a = openvpn_io::ip::make_address(ipstr, ec);
if (ec)
OPENVPN_IP_THROW(internal::format_error(ipstr, title, "", ec));
const Addr ret = from_asio(a);
if (required_version != UNSPEC && required_version != ret.ver)
OPENVPN_IP_THROW(internal::format_error(ipstr, title, version_string_static(required_version), "wrong IP version"));
return ret;
}
#endif
static bool is_valid(const std::string &ipstr)
{
// fast path -- rule out validity if invalid chars
for (size_t i = 0; i < ipstr.length(); ++i)
{
const char c = ipstr[i];
if (!((c >= '0' && c <= '9')
|| (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')
|| (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F')
|| (c == '.' || c == ':' || c == '%')))
return false;
}
// slow path
{
openvpn_io::error_code ec;
openvpn_io::ip::make_address(ipstr, ec);
return !ec;
}
}
static Addr from_hex(Version v, const std::string &s)
{
if (v == V4)
return from_ipv4(IPv4::Addr::from_hex(s));
else if (v == V6)
return from_ipv6(IPv6::Addr::from_hex(s));
else
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("from_hex: address unspecified");
}
static Addr from_ipv4(IPv4::Addr addr)
{
Addr a;
a.ver = V4;
a.u.v4 = std::move(addr);
return a;
}
static Addr from_ipv6(IPv6::Addr addr)
{
Addr a;
a.ver = V6;
a.u.v6 = std::move(addr);
return a;
}
const IPv4::Addr &to_ipv4() const
{
if (ver == V4)
return u.v4;
else
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("to_ipv4: address is not IPv4");
}
IPv4::Addr to_ipv4_zero() const
{
if (ver == V4)
return u.v4;
else if (ver == UNSPEC)
return IPv4::Addr::from_zero();
else
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("to_ipv4_zero: address is not IPv4");
}
const IPv6::Addr &to_ipv6() const
{
if (ver == V6)
return u.v6;
else
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("to_ipv6: address is not IPv6");
}
IPv6::Addr to_ipv6_zero() const
{
if (ver == V6)
return u.v6;
else if (ver == UNSPEC)
return IPv6::Addr::from_zero();
else
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("to_ipv6_zero: address is not IPv6");
}
const IPv4::Addr &to_ipv4_nocheck() const
{
return u.v4;
}
const IPv6::Addr &to_ipv6_nocheck() const
{
return u.v6;
}
static Addr from_sockaddr(const struct sockaddr *sa)
{
if (sa->sa_family == AF_INET)
return from_ipv4(IPv4::Addr::from_sockaddr(reinterpret_cast<const struct sockaddr_in *>(sa)));
else if (sa->sa_family == AF_INET6)
return from_ipv6(IPv6::Addr::from_sockaddr(reinterpret_cast<const struct sockaddr_in6 *>(sa)));
else
return Addr();
}
static bool sockaddr_defined(const struct sockaddr *sa)
{
return sa && (sa->sa_family == AF_INET || sa->sa_family == AF_INET6);
}
static Addr from_ulong(Version v, unsigned long ul)
{
if (v == V4)
return from_ipv4(IPv4::Addr::from_ulong(ul));
else if (v == V6)
return from_ipv6(IPv6::Addr::from_ulong(ul));
else
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("from_ulong: address unspecified");
}
// return *this as a ulong, will raise exception on overflow
unsigned long to_ulong() const
{
if (ver == V4)
return u.v4.to_ulong();
else if (ver == V6)
return u.v6.to_ulong();
else
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("to_ulong: address unspecified");
}
static Addr from_long(Version v, long ul)
{
if (v == V4)
return from_ipv4(IPv4::Addr::from_long(ul));
else if (v == V6)
return from_ipv6(IPv6::Addr::from_long(ul));
else
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("from_long: address unspecified");
}
// return *this as a long, will raise exception on overflow
long to_long() const
{
if (ver == V4)
return u.v4.to_long();
else if (ver == V6)
return u.v6.to_long();
else
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("to_long: address unspecified");
}
// return Addr from 16 byte binary string
static Addr from_byte_string(const unsigned char *bytestr)
{
Addr a;
if (IPv6::Addr::byte_string_is_v4(bytestr))
{
a.ver = V4;
a.u.v4 = IPv4::Addr::from_uint32_net(IPv6::Addr::v4_from_byte_string(bytestr));
}
else
{
a.ver = V6;
a.u.v6 = IPv6::Addr::from_byte_string(bytestr);
}
return a;
}
// convert Addr to 16 byte binary string
void to_byte_string(unsigned char *bytestr) const
{
if (ver == V4)
IPv6::Addr::v4_to_byte_string(bytestr, u.v4.to_uint32_net());
else if (ver == V6)
u.v6.to_byte_string(bytestr);
else
std::memset(bytestr, 0, 16);
}
// convert Addr to variable length byte string
void to_byte_string_variable(unsigned char *bytestr) const
{
if (ver == V4)
u.v4.to_byte_string(bytestr);
else if (ver == V6)
u.v6.to_byte_string(bytestr);
else
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("to_byte_string_variable: address unspecified");
}
std::uint32_t to_uint32_net() const // return value in net byte order
{
if (ver == V4)
return u.v4.to_uint32_net();
else
return 0;
}
// construct an address where all bits are zero
static Addr from_zero(const Version v)
{
if (v == V4)
return from_ipv4(IPv4::Addr::from_zero());
else if (v == V6)
return from_ipv6(IPv6::Addr::from_zero());
else
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("from_zero: IP version unspecified");
}
// construct the "one" address
static Addr from_one(const Version v)
{
if (v == V4)
return from_ipv4(IPv4::Addr::from_one());
else if (v == V6)
return from_ipv6(IPv6::Addr::from_one());
else
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("from_one: IP version unspecified");
}
// construct an address where all bits are one
static Addr from_zero_complement(const Version v)
{
if (v == V4)
return from_ipv4(IPv4::Addr::from_zero_complement());
else if (v == V6)
return from_ipv6(IPv6::Addr::from_zero_complement());
else
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("from_zero_complement: IP version unspecified");
}
// validate the prefix length for the IP version
static bool validate_prefix_len(Version v, const unsigned int prefix_len)
{
if (v == V4)
{
if (prefix_len <= V4_SIZE)
return true;
}
else if (v == V6)
{
if (prefix_len <= V6_SIZE)
return true;
}
return false;
}
// build a netmask using given prefix_len
static Addr netmask_from_prefix_len(Version v, const unsigned int prefix_len)
{
if (v == V4)
return from_ipv4(IPv4::Addr::netmask_from_prefix_len(prefix_len));
else if (v == V6)
return from_ipv6(IPv6::Addr::netmask_from_prefix_len(prefix_len));
else
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("netmask_from_prefix_len: address unspecified");
}
// build a netmask using *this as extent
Addr netmask_from_extent() const
{
if (ver == V4)
return from_ipv4(u.v4.netmask_from_extent());
else if (ver == V6)
return from_ipv6(u.v6.netmask_from_extent());
else
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("netmask_from_extent: address unspecified");
}
std::string to_string() const
{
if (ver != UNSPEC)
{
const openvpn_io::ip::address a = to_asio();
std::string ret = a.to_string();
return ret;
}
else
return "UNSPEC";
}
std::string to_string_bracket_ipv6() const
{
std::string ret;
if (ver == V6)
ret += '[';
ret += to_string();
if (ver == V6)
ret += ']';
return ret;
}
std::string to_hex() const
{
if (ver == V4)
return u.v4.to_hex();
else if (ver == V6)
return u.v6.to_hex();
else
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("to_hex: address unspecified");
}
std::string arpa() const
{
if (ver == V4)
return u.v4.arpa();
else if (ver == V6)
return u.v6.arpa();
else
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("arpa: address unspecified");
}
static Addr from_asio(const openvpn_io::ip::address &addr)
{
if (addr.is_v4())
{
Addr a;
a.ver = V4;
a.u.v4 = IPv4::Addr::from_asio(addr.to_v4());
return a;
}
else if (addr.is_v6())
{
Addr a;
a.ver = V6;
a.u.v6 = IPv6::Addr::from_asio(addr.to_v6());
return a;
}
else
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("from_asio: address unspecified");
}
openvpn_io::ip::address to_asio() const
{
switch (ver)
{
case V4:
return openvpn_io::ip::address_v4(u.v4.to_asio());
case V6:
return openvpn_io::ip::address_v6(u.v6.to_asio());
default:
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("to_asio: address unspecified");
}
}
Addr operator+(const long delta) const
{
switch (ver)
{
case V4:
{
Addr ret;
ret.ver = V4;
ret.u.v4 = u.v4 + delta;
return ret;
}
case V6:
{
Addr ret;
ret.ver = V6;
ret.u.v6 = u.v6 + delta;
return ret;
}
default:
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("operator+: address unspecified");
}
}
Addr operator-(const long delta) const
{
return operator+(-delta);
}
#define OPENVPN_IP_OPERATOR_BINOP(OP) \
Addr operator OP(const Addr &other) const \
{ \
if (ver != other.ver) \
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("binop: version inconsistency"); \
switch (ver) \
{ \
case V4: \
{ \
Addr ret; \
ret.ver = V4; \
ret.u.v4 = u.v4 OP other.u.v4; \
return ret; \
} \
case V6: \
{ \
Addr ret; \
ret.ver = V6; \
ret.u.v6 = u.v6 OP other.u.v6; \
return ret; \
} \
default: \
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("binop: address unspecified"); \
} \
}
OPENVPN_IP_OPERATOR_BINOP(+)
OPENVPN_IP_OPERATOR_BINOP(-)
OPENVPN_IP_OPERATOR_BINOP(*)
OPENVPN_IP_OPERATOR_BINOP(/)
OPENVPN_IP_OPERATOR_BINOP(%)
OPENVPN_IP_OPERATOR_BINOP(&)
OPENVPN_IP_OPERATOR_BINOP(|)
#undef OPENVPN_IP_OPERATOR_BINOP
Addr operator<<(const unsigned int shift) const
{
switch (ver)
{
case V4:
{
Addr ret;
ret.ver = V4;
ret.u.v4 = u.v4 << shift;
return ret;
}
case V6:
{
Addr ret;
ret.ver = V6;
ret.u.v6 = u.v6 << shift;
return ret;
}
default:
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("operator<<: address unspecified");
}
}
Addr operator>>(const unsigned int shift) const
{
switch (ver)
{
case V4:
{
Addr ret;
ret.ver = V4;
ret.u.v4 = u.v4 >> shift;
return ret;
}
case V6:
{
Addr ret;
ret.ver = V6;
ret.u.v6 = u.v6 >> shift;
return ret;
}
default:
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("operator>>: address unspecified");
}
}
Addr operator~() const
{
switch (ver)
{
case V4:
{
Addr ret;
ret.ver = V4;
ret.u.v4 = ~u.v4;
return ret;
}
case V6:
{
Addr ret;
ret.ver = V6;
ret.u.v6 = ~u.v6;
return ret;
}
default:
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("operator~: address unspecified");
}
}
Addr network_addr(const unsigned int prefix_len) const
{
switch (ver)
{
case V4:
{
Addr ret;
ret.ver = V4;
ret.u.v4 = u.v4.network_addr(prefix_len);
return ret;
}
case V6:
{
Addr ret;
ret.ver = V6;
ret.u.v6 = u.v6.network_addr(prefix_len);
return ret;
}
default:
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("network_addr: address unspecified");
}
}
bool operator==(const Addr &other) const
{
switch (ver)
{
case UNSPEC:
return other.ver == UNSPEC;
case V4:
if (ver == other.ver)
return u.v4 == other.u.v4;
break;
case V6:
if (ver == other.ver)
return u.v6 == other.u.v6;
break;
}
return false;
}
bool operator!=(const Addr &other) const
{
return !operator==(other);
}
#define OPENVPN_IP_OPERATOR_REL(OP) \
bool operator OP(const Addr &other) const \
{ \
if (ver == other.ver) \
{ \
switch (ver) \
{ \
case V4: \
return u.v4 OP other.u.v4; \
case V6: \
return u.v6 OP other.u.v6; \
default: \
return false; \
} \
} \
else if (ver OP other.ver) \
return true; \
else \
return false; \
}
OPENVPN_IP_OPERATOR_REL(<)
OPENVPN_IP_OPERATOR_REL(>)
OPENVPN_IP_OPERATOR_REL(<=)
OPENVPN_IP_OPERATOR_REL(>=)
#undef OPENVPN_IP_OPERATOR_REL
bool unspecified() const
{
return all_zeros();
}
bool specified() const
{
return !unspecified();
}
bool all_zeros() const
{
switch (ver)
{
case V4:
return u.v4.all_zeros();
case V6:
return u.v6.all_zeros();
default:
return true;
}
}
bool all_ones() const
{
switch (ver)
{
case V4:
return u.v4.all_ones();
case V6:
return u.v6.all_ones();
default:
return false;
}
}
bool is_loopback() const
{
switch (ver)
{
case V4:
return u.v4.is_loopback();
case V6:
return u.v6.is_loopback();
default:
return false;
}
}
/**
* Determines if the IP address is a mapped IP address (e.g. ::ffff:127.0.0.1)
*/
bool is_mapped_address() const
{
if (ver != V6)
return false;
return u.v6.is_mapped_address();
}
IP::Addr to_v4_addr() const
{
const std::uint32_t ipv4 = u.v6.get_mapped_ipv4_address();
return IP::Addr::from_ipv4(IPv4::Addr::from_uint32(ipv4));
};
bool defined() const
{
return ver != UNSPEC;
}
const char *version_string() const
{
return version_string_static(ver);
}
static const char *version_string_static(Version ver)
{
switch (ver)
{
case V4:
return "v4";
case V6:
return "v6";
default:
return "UNSPEC";
}
}
Version version() const
{
return ver;
}
static VersionMask version_mask(const Version ver)
{
switch (ver)
{
case V4:
return V4_MASK;
case V6:
return V6_MASK;
default:
return 0;
}
}
VersionMask version_mask() const
{
return version_mask(ver);
}
int version_index() const
{
switch (ver)
{
case V4:
return 0;
case V6:
return 1;
default:
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("version_index: version index undefined");
}
}
int family() const
{
switch (ver)
{
case V4:
return AF_INET;
case V6:
return AF_INET6;
default:
return -1;
}
}
bool is_compatible(const Addr &other) const
{
return ver == other.ver;
}
bool is_ipv6() const
{
return ver == V6;
}
void verify_version_consistency(const Addr &other) const
{
if (!is_compatible(other))
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("verify_version_consistency: version inconsistency");
}
// throw exception if address is not a valid netmask
void validate_netmask()
{
prefix_len();
}
// number of network bits in netmask,
// throws exception if addr is not a netmask
unsigned int prefix_len() const
{
switch (ver)
{
case V4:
return u.v4.prefix_len();
case V6:
return u.v6.prefix_len();
default:
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("prefix_len: address unspecified");
}
}
// IPv6 scope ID or -1 if not IPv6
int scope_id() const
{
return ver == V6 ? u.v6.scope_id() : -1;
}
// number of host bits in netmask
unsigned int host_len() const
{
switch (ver)
{
case V4:
return u.v4.host_len();
case V6:
return u.v6.host_len();
default:
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("host_len: address unspecified");
}
}
// return the number of host addresses contained within netmask
Addr extent_from_netmask() const
{
switch (ver)
{
case V4:
return from_ipv4(u.v4.extent_from_netmask());
case V6:
return from_ipv6(u.v6.extent_from_netmask());
default:
OPENVPN_IP_THROW("extent_from_netmask: address unspecified");
}
}